hrly until oral medication can be administered

SIDE EFFECTS:

Abdominal discomfort Intestinal cramps Nausea Vomiting Assess condition before therapy and reassess regularly there after to monitor drugs effectiveness Monitor pt for anyadverse GI reactions,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea, Assess for adversereactions for pt. with hepaticencelopathy:regularly assessmental condition monitor I & O monitor for Inc.glucose level indiabetic pts

NURSING INTEVENTION: GENERIC NAME:

Lactulose Duphalac

BRAND NAME: ACTION:

Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase thus preventing replication insusceptible bacteria Constipation salmonellosis Treatmentof hepaticencephalopathy Pt who require alow lactose diet Galactosemia deficiency Intestinal obstruction

INDICATION:

CONTRAINDICATION:

FORM: Syrup ROUTE: Oral DOSAGE: Adult: PO Constipation Initial: 10-20 g

(15-30 mL)/day. Max: 45 mL (or 40 g of the reconstituted oral formulation)/day. Hepatic encephalopathy 60-100 g (90-150 mL)/day in 3 divided doses; adjust accordingly. Rectal Hepatic encephalopathy Mix 200 g (300 mL w/ 700 mL water or 0.9% NaCl as a retention enema. Retain enema for 30-60 mins; repeat 4-6

ROUTE:
Oral Adult: PO 100 mg 3 times/day for 7 days Vomiting Nausea Constipation Abdominal pain Thirst Vertigo Headache Childn >24 mth. Rehydration. Consider IV rehydration in severe or prolonged diarrhoea, severe vomiting or food refusal. Maintain feeding during diarrhoea. W/drawal of milk & dairy products. Diabetes. Not for acute dysentery w/ bloody stool & high fever, diarrhoea associated w/ broad-spectrum antibiot

DOSAGE:

SIDE EFFECTS:

GENERIC NAME:
Racecadotril Hidrasec

BRAND NAME: ACTION:

NURSING INTEVENTION:

Racecadotril increases the availability of endogenous opioids (enkephalins) by inhibiting the membrane-bound enkephalinase. These enkephalins activate -opioid receptors in the GI tract. This leads to a reduction in cAMP mucosal levels, resulting in a reducted secretion of water and electrolytes in the intestinal lumen Treatment of acute diarrhea. Powd Adjunct to oral or parenteralrehydration in the treatment of acute watery diarrhea in infants &children Powd Renal or hepatic impairment Fructose intolerance glucose &galactose malabsorption syndrome sucrase isomaltase deficiency

INDICATION:

CONTRAINDICATION:

FORM:

powder

Respiratory: Nasal congestion, cough, upper respiratory infection, sinusitis.

NURSING INTEVENTION: Assessment

GENERIC NAME:

losartan potassium Cozaar

BRAND NAME: ACTION:

Angiotensin II receptor (type AT1) antagonist acts as a potent vasoconstrictor and primary vasoactive hormone of the renin angiotensinaldosterone system Hypertension Hypersensitivity to losartan, pregnancy [category C (first trimester), category D (second and third trimesters)], lactation Tablet PO Adult: PO 2550 mg in 12 divided doses (max: 100 mg/d); start with 25 mg/d if volume depleted (i.e., on diuretics) CNS: Dizziness, insomnia, headache. GI: Diarrhea, dyspepsia. Musculoskeletal: Muscle cramps, myalgia, back or leg pain.

& Drug Effects Monitor BP at drug trough (prior to a scheduled dose). Monitor drug effectiveness, especially in African-Americans when losartan is used as monotherapy. Inadequate response may be improved by splitting the daily dose into twice-daily dose. Lab tests: Monitor CBC, electrolytes, liver & kidney function with longterm therapy.

INDICATION:

CONTRAINDICATION:

FORM:

ROUTE:

DOSAGE:

SIDE EFFECTS:

ROUTE:
intramuscular 1 gram dissolve in 1 vial in 1.75ml distilled water + 1.75ml 2% Lidocaine Pain Induration Phlebitis Rash Diarrhea Thrombocytosis Leucopenia Glossitis Respiratory superinfections Assess patients previous sensitivity reaction to penicillin or other cephalosphorins. Assess patient for signs and symptoms of infection before and during the treatment Obtain C&S before beginning drug therapy to identify if correct treatment has been initiated. Assess for allergic reaction. Monitor hematologic,electrolytes, renal and hepatic function. Assess for possible superinfection: itching fever, malaise, redness, diarhhea

DOSAGE:

SIDE EFFECTS: GENERIC NAME:

ceftriaxone Forgram

BRAND NAME: ACTION:

Works by inhibiting the mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall. The beta-lactam moiety of Ceftriaxone binds to carboxypeptidases, endopeptidases, and transpeptidases in the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. These enzymes are involved in cell-wall synthesis and cell division. By binding to these enzymes, Ceftriaxone results in the formation of of defective cell walls and cell death. Treatment of infections of the lower resp tract, acute bacterial otitis media, skin & skin structure infection, UTI, uncomplicated gonorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease, bacterial septicemia, bone & joint infections, intra-abdominal infections, meningitis. Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins. Hypersensitivity to lidocaine (IM inj) injection, powder, for solution

NURSING INTEVENTION:

INDICATION:

CONTRAINDICATION:

FORM:

coma; pregnancy (category C), lactation.

FORM:

Tablet, ampule Oral, Intravenous Edema Adult: PO 2080 mg in 1 or more divided doses up to 600 mg/d if needed IV/IM 2040 mg in 1 or more divided doses up to 600 mg/d Hypertension Adult: PO 1040 mg b.i.d. (max: 480 mg/d)

ROUTE:

DOSAGE:

GENERIC NAME:
Furosemide Lasix, Luramide Rapid-acting potent sulfonamide "loop" diuretic and antihypertensive with pharmacologic effects and uses almost identical to those of ethacrynic acid. Exact mode of action not clearly defined; decreases renal vascular resistance and may increase renal blood flow Treatment of edema associated with CHF, cirrhosis of liver, and kidney disease, including nephrotic syndrome. May be used for management of hypertension, alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents, and for treatment of hypercalcemia. Has been used concomitantly with mannitol for treatment of severe cerebral edema, particularly in meningitis. History of hypersensitivity to furosemide or sulfonamides; increasing oliguria, anuria, fluid and electrolyte depletion states; hepatic

BRAND NAME: ACTION:

SIDE EFFECTS:

INDICATION:

dizziness with excessive diuresis, acute hypotensive episodes, circulatory collapse, dehydration, hyponatremia hypokalemia, elevated BUN, hyperuricemia. Nausea, vomiting, oral and gastric burning, anorexia, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal cramping, acute pancreatitis, jaundice, feeling of fullness in ears, hearing loss (rarely permanent), blurred

NURSING INTEVENTION: Assessment

& Drug Effects
Observe patients receiving parenteral

CONTRAINDICATION:

drug carefully; closely monitor BP and vital signs. Sudden death from cardiac arrest has been reported. Monitor BP during periods of diuresis and through period of dosage adjustment. Observe older adults closely during period of brisk diuresis. Lab tests: Obtain frequent blood count, serum and urine electrolytes, CO2, BUN, blood sugar, and uric acid values during

first few months of therapy and periodically thereafter. Monitor for S&S of hypokalemia. Monitor I&O ratio and pattern. Report decrease or unusual increase in output. Excessive diuresis can result in dehydration and hypovolemia, circulatory collapse, and hypotension. Weigh patient daily under standard conditions. Monitor urine and blood glucose & HbA1C closely in diabetics and patients with decompensated hepatic cirrhosis. Drug may cause hyperglycemia.