DRUG STUDY:

GENERIC NAME BRAND NAME SIDE EFFECTS/ ADVERSE REACTIONS Stimulation, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, hepatotoxicity, hepatic seizure, renal failure, jaundice NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

CLASSIFICATION antipyretic

ACTION

INDICATION

CONTRAINDICATION

DOSAGE

Paracetamol

Biogesic

Decreases fever by inhibiting effects of pyrogens on hypothalamic heat regulating centers, also relieves pain by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis

relief of mild to moderate pain, treatment of fever

Hypersensitivity, intolerance to tartazine (yellow dye # 5), alcohol, table sugar, saccharin

500 mg, 1 tab for temperature > 37.6

-assess patients type of fever and type of pain -watch out for any rashes or allergic reactions -watch out for signs of hepatotoxicity: dark urine, clay-colored stools, yellowing of skin and sclera, itching, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever -check input and output ratio. Decrease in output may indicate renal failure - Assess for chronic poisoning: rapid, weak pulse, dyspnea, cold, clammy extremities, and report immediately

Amoxicillin

Amoxil

Anti-infective Bactericidal

Prevents bacterial wall synthesis during replication

Ferrous Sulfate

United Home Ferusulfate Iron

Dietary/Nutrit ional Drug

Provision/replacem ent of elemental iron

Treatment of infections of respiratory tract, skin and skin structures, genitourinary tract, otitis media, meningitis, septicemia, sinusitis, bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis Prevention and treatment of irondeficiency anemia

Hypersensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins or imipenem, dont use to treat severe pneumonia, empyema, bacteremia, pericarditis, meningitis and purulent or septic arthritis during acute stage

Hypersensitivity to any ingredient, hemosiderosis, hemolytic anemia

Dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, reversible hyperacidity, urticaria, vesicular eruptions, skin rashes, itchy eyes, glossitis, stomatitis, sore/dry mouth GI irritation, anorexia, nausea, vomiting,

500 mg, OD

- obtain patients history of allergy -assess patient for signs and symptoms of infection: wound characteristics, sputum, urine, stool, and WBC count -watch out for allergic reactions during treatment: rash, urticaria, pruritus, chills, fever, joint pain, -obtain baseline of iron deficiency before starting therapy, -evaluate hemoglobin,

1 tab, OD

Ziprasidone

Geodon

antipsychotic

Dilantin

Phenytoin

antiepileptic

inhibits communication between nerves of the brain by blocking receptors on the nerves for dopamine and serotonin. It also inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine by nerves in the brain. -inhibits seizure activity in the motor complex

-schizophrenia, acute bipolar mania

- pregnancy, dementiarelated psychosis

diarrhea, constipation, dark stool, teeth staining dizziness, feeling light-headed, fainting, fast or pounding heartbeat; fever, stiff muscles, confusion,

40 mg, 1 cap, BID

hematocrit, and reticulocyte count during therapy -increase water intake if constipation occurs - have patient take the medication on a full stomach.

Tonic-clonic and psychomotor seizures, as well as those seizures that occur during or after neurosurgery

hypersensitive to phenytoin or other hydantoins Latent or manifest porphyria or familial history of intermittent porphyria, history of confusion or restlessness from hypnotics, history of abnormal reaction or known hypersensitivity to barbital and its derivatives, including phenobarbital, or a known previous addiction to sedative-hypnotics. Other contraindications include renal and hepatic impairment and severe pulmonary insufficiency Comatose states, presence of large amounts of CNS depressants, presence of bone marrow depression, hypersensitivity

hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat, mood or behavior changes, depression, anxiety, or if you feel agitation, hostility, restlessness, hyperactivity (mentally or physically), suicidal tendencies Drowsiness, jaundice, postural hypotension, extrapyramidal effects, persistent abnormal movement,

100 g TID

- refer right away to doctor if any mood changes occur - have patient on suicide watch -monitor patient for signs of mental and physical hyperactivity

Chlorpromazine

Thorazine

CNS Drug

Blocks postsynaptic dopamine receptors in the brain

Management of manifestations of psychotic disorders, to control nausea and vomiting, relief of restlessness and apprehension before surgery

200 mg, 1 tab

-always assess mental status of patient before administration -double precaution for patients who are elderly -monitor bilirubin, CBC, liver function studies and I &O -check for any dizziness or

cerebral edema, hematologic disorders, EKG changes

Diphenhydramine

Benadryl

Antihistamine

Acts on blood vessels, GI, and respiratory system by antagonizing effects of histamine, decreases allergic response by blocking histamine

Symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, relief of nausea and vomiting,

Hypersensitivity, narrowangle glaucoma, stenosing peptic ulcer, symptomatic prostatic hypertrophy,

Anti-infective Doxycycline Doxin Bacteriostati c

Inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the ribosomal 30s subunit of susceptible bacteria

Chlamydia, mycoplasms, rickettssias, spirochaetes,

Systemic lupus erythematosus, hypersensitivity to any tetracycline antibacterials, lactation, children <12 years old, porphyra

Orthostatic hypotension, palpitations, bradycardia, tachycardia, faintness, drowsiness, sedation, dizziness, disturbed coordination GI disturbances, oesophageal ulceration, oral candidiasis, pruritus

500 mg, 1 cap

100 mg, 1 cap BID

Carbamazepine

Zynaps

CNS drug antimanic

Decreases polysynaptic responses and block posttetanic potentiation

Multivitamins

Centrum

Nutritional Supplement

Provision of supplemental vitamin needs

Epilepsy, acute mania, bipolar affective disorders, trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, episodic explosive disorder -malnutrition

Hypersensitivity, severe hemic disorders, atrioventricular heart block, severe bradycardia, history of previous bone marrow depression

Dizziness, ataxia, allergic skin reactions, leukopenia, vomiting , diplopia

200 mg, BID

-hypersensitivity

Haloperidol

Haldol CNS drug

Competitively blocks dopamine receptors to cause

Management of Tourette disorders, management of

Severe toxic CNS depression or comatose states from any cause, Parkinson disease,

-causes birth defects in infants if too much vitamin A is taken by mother -suppression of cough reflex, aspiration of

500 mg, OD

palpitations, tachycardia on rising, and severe orthostatic hypotension -watch out for akathisia (inability to sit still, no pattern to movements) -assess respiratory status, rate, rhythm, and increase in bronchial secretions, wheezing and chest tightness, -provide fluids, 2L a day -monitor I & O -watch out for urinary retention, frequency, dysuria - assess sleep patterns -obtain patients history of infection before therapy and reassess regularly thereafter -assess for any allergic reactions -watch out for intracranial hypertension and any bleeding tendencies - assess for type of seizure, location, duration, intensity, frequency, presence of aura - check for water retention -assess for trigeminal neuralgia -always check blood levels when changing doses - consult with physician which specific vitamins the patient needs

10-20 g, BID

-regularly assess affect, orientation, mood, behavior, sleep pattern,

sedation and also causes alphaadrenergic and anticholinergic blockade, it depresses the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and limbic system

severe behavioral problems in children and adults, long-term antipsychotic therapy

hypersensitivity, blood dyscrasias, coma, bone marrow depression, alcohol and barbiturate withdrawal states, angina, epilepsy, urinary retention, narrowangle glaucoma

vomitus, jaundice, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, muscle rigidity, altered ,mental status

presence and types of hallucinations -assess for constipation and urinary retention daily -discontinue drug if neuroleptic malignant syndrome occurs