Evaporator Questions

Identification of components and flow paths 1. Identify the vapor flow path. 2. Identify the liquid flow path. 3. Identify the concentrate tank. 4. Identify the vacuum path during continuous operation. 5. Identify valves which should be kept open and those which should be kept closed during the
operation.

Theory
6. Write a mass balance for the first effect. Define the notation used. 7. To concentrate a solution by evaporation, what key property should the solution have?

Procedure and Measurement 8. List all the measurements that are obtained during this practical. 9. The pressure of the first effect is kept at atmospheric pressure and the second at vacuum. Explain, why it is so? 10. Explain how is the first effect is maintained at atmospheric pressure. 11. Why does the pressure of steam in the first effect fluctuate excessively at the commencement of the practical? 12. What affects the minimum boiling point that can be maintained in the secondary effect? Explain your answer. Objectives and Relevance to Industrial Applications 13. What is the objective of the experiment? 14. Name three Industries that use evaporators. 15. How does material balance become important in design aspect of Chemical Engineering? 16. In many large industrial installations, sometimes annual material balances do not agree. Eg. Petroleum industry. Explain why. Accuracy and Shortcomings 17. Discuss the shortcomings of the experiment. 18. What are the other methods which could have been used to measure the density of the sugar solution to obtain better results? 19. Can steady state be achieved? Explain.