19

7: .
,

.
.
,
, ,
. ,
.
:
? , ?
-
.

,
, , .

,
.
, ,
( )

, .
- .
- ( , , ..),
.. , . n ,
, ,
(.19.1)

.19.1 .

 , ,
:
n

i 1

(19.1)

n
n

sT2

(T T )

i 1

n 1

(19.2)

:
R(t )

(19.3)

, t >t, ..
:
(19.4)
R(t ) t
t =0 R(t)=1, t
R(t)=0. - R(t)- .
,
F(t)=1- R(t) =

n
n

:
F(t)= t
:
f (t )

(19.5)
(19.6)

dF (t )
dt

(19.7)

:
f (t ) t 0 lim

n
nt

n - t .
,
t1-t2:

P t1 T

t2

t2 f (t )dt F (t 2 ) F (t1 ) R (t1 ) R (t 2 )

(19.8)

t1

( t)- ,
, :
n
(t ) t 0 lim
(19.9)
n t
,
,
:
R(t) =e-t/
(19.10)

 - , ,
. .
19.1 ,
.
:
, ,
.
, .. ,
:
f(t)=

d
1 t
1

R
(
t
)

e
dt

(19.11)

(19.9) n :
(t)=f(t)/R(t)
(19.10) (19.11) ,
(t)=1/=nst
, R(t)
, ..
, ,
.
,
:

T R(t )dt

(19.12)

(17.10) T

t
T

R(t ) e e t
(19.13)
- .

.
(19.13) (19.8)
.
. ( , )
, .
, ,
.

,
k

R (t ) R j (t )
j 1

(19.14)

. 19.2 - .
,
. (19.13) , Rj(t) =e-t
:

R (t ) e t e

j )t
j 1

e t

(19.15)

- , .. = j .
j 1

,
,
.
.

.

.19.3 -
,
:
. :
k

F (t ) Fj (t )
j 1

(19.16)