1910.

269: Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution

Region IV - OSHA

Scope
This standard covers the operation and maintenance of electric power generation, control, transformation transmission, an distribution lines and equipment.

Construction VS Maintenance
Construction: The erection of new electric lines and equipment. The alteration, conversion, and improvement of existing lines and equipment.

1910.269(a)(2): Training
All employees: Safety practices of 1910.269 Emergency procedures Other necessary safety practices

Training in Emergency Procedures

1910.269(a)(2): Training
Qualified employees: Ability to distinguish live parts Ability to determine voltage Knowledge of minimum approach distances Ability to use protective equipment

1910.269(a)(2): Training
Regular supervision and annual inspection to determine compliance Follow-up training and retraining: New work procedures Tasks performed infrequently Certification

1910.269(b)(1): CPR & First Aid Training

Performing work on or associated with: Exposed lines, or Equipment energized at 50 volts or more

1910.269(b)(1): CPR & First Aid Training

Field work - crews of two or more employees: Two trained persons, or All new hires trained within 3 months Fixed work locations: Trained person available within 4 minutes, or All employees are trained

1910.269(b)(2): First Aid Supplies

First aid supplies in a weatherproof container on a service truck.

1910.269(c): Job Briefing

Subjects: Hazards and personal protective equipment Work procedures and special precautions Energy source control

Job Briefing

1910.269(c): Job Briefing

Number of briefings: Before start of each day or shift Additional job briefings if significant changes occur Based on nature and complexity of work Job planning for one-person crews

1910.269(d): Hazardous Energy Control Procedures

Deenergize and lock or tag Additional protective measures for tags Protection equivalent to locks

1910.269(d)(2)(ii)(B): Use of Tagout System Only

Demonstrate full employee protection Safety equivalent to lockout

Application of Lockout
Tags rather than locks are commonly used in electric utilities

1910.269(d)(2)(ii)(B): Use of Tagout System Only

Examples of demonstration of employee protection: Removal of a fuse Removal of an isolating circuit element Blocking mechanism on switch Opening of additional switches on main circuit, on control circuit

1910.269(e): Enclosed Spaces

Entered under normal operating conditions: Manholes, Vaults Applies to routine entry in lieu of 1910.146(d) to (k) 1910.269(e) & (t) apply to entry only

1910.269(e): Enclosed Spaces

1910.146(c) still applies: Identify permit spaces Keep unqualified persons out Coordinate with contractors If hazardous conditions develop, use 1910.146

1910.269(e): Enclosed Spaces

Enclosed Spaces (Specific) Training: Entrants, attendants Rescue equipment provided Evaluate hazards: Use of attendants Test, ventilate, monitor

Manhole
Atmospheric Testing prior to Entry

Manhole
Vault with Protective Barrier

Vault Entry
Rescue training

Vault Entry
Rescue Equipment

Testing Equipment

1910.269(g): Personal Protective Equipment

Follow Part 1910, Subpart I: Eye and face Respiratory Head, foot Electrical protective devices

Lineman with Protective Gear

Supplied Air Respirator

Air-Purifying Respirator
Negative-pressure fit check

Air-Purifying Respirator
Positive-pressure fit check

1910.269(g)(2):
Fall Protection
When required: Heights greater than 4 feet Poles, towers, and similar structures

Pole Climbing

Body Belt

Pole Climbing Strap

Tower Climbing
Tower Climbing with proper person protective equipment

Tower Climbing
Tower Climbing with proper person protective equipment

1910.269(g)(2): Fall Protection

Not required by qualified employee: Climbing Changing location Must be free from unsafe conditions: Ice, high winds, contamination on structure Must have hands free for climbing

1910.269(g)(2):
Fall Protection
Does not address working on: Portions of buildings Electric equipment (transformers, capacitors) Aerial lifts

1910.269(h): Ladders, Platforms, Step Bolts, & Manhole Steps

Part 1910, Subpart D applies Special ladders and platforms: Exempt from pitch & footing requirements Must be secured in position May not be overloaded

Special Ladder
Special ladder secured in position

1910.269(h): Ladders, Platforms, Step Bolts, & Manhole Steps

Special ladders and platforms Contd: Must be designed for use Must have a safety factor of at least 2.5 times the maximum Intended load

1910.269(i): Hand and Portable Power Tools

Cord - and plug connected equipment: Part 1910, Subpart S applies Grounded, double - insulated, or connected through an isolated transformer with an ungrounded secondary Portable and vehicle - mounted generators Hydraulic and pneumatic tools

1910.269(j): Live - Line Tools

Design: 100 kv/ft for fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) 75 kv/ft for wood Condition of tools: Daily inspection before use; inspection every two years Tests after repair and after inspection for hollow FRP and wood tools

Live Line Tools

Live Line Tools

1910.269(k): Materials Handling and Storage

Part 1910, Subpart N applies Storage in areas restricted to qualified persons: Materials must be outside working space See 1910.269(u)(1) and (v)(3) Storage in unrestricted areas: Materials must be 10 ft away Add 4 inches for every kv over 50 kV

1910.269(l)(1): Qualified employees only

At least two persons for: Work with exposure at more than 600 V Work with equivalent hazards Two persons not required for: Live - line tool work Routine switching Emergency repairs

1910.269(l)(2): Minimum Approach Distances

Minimum approach distances (Tables R-6 through R-10) Exceptions: Insulate the employee Insulate the live part Employee is insulated from other exposed conductive object, As during live-line bare-hand work

Safety Equipment Inspection

Installation of Rubber Blankets

1910.269(l)(6): Apparel
Conductive Clothing: Prohibited unless no increased hazard of electrical contact Flammable Clothing: Train employees in hazards Clothing may not increase extent of possible injury

100% Cotton Shirt

100% Cotton Shirt

Synthetic Shirt

Clothing Issue
What method are you using to protect employees from electric arcs and flames? Flame Retardant. Treated. 100% Cotton. Appropriate weight. Documentation.

Denim Jeans

100% Cotton Sock

Flame Resistant Shirt

1910.269(m): Deenergizing Lines and Equipment for Employee Protection

Employee Protection
Applies to transmission and distribution System operator controls switching - central control No central control - use employee in charge Request clearance of system from operator

Employee Protection
Deenergize line: Open disconnecting means Tag disconnecting means Test for deenergized conditions Install protective grounds

Employee Protection
Work on line Release clearance: Notify employees Clear employees Remove protective grounds Report to the system operator

Employee Protection
Reenergize Line: Remove tags Close disconnecting means

1910.269(n): Grounding for the Protection of Employees

Ground deenergized lines, unless No possibility of contact with other source hazard of induced voltage is not present Equipotential zone Test before applying grounds

Grounds

Grounds

Grounding of Lines

Checking Ground Wire

Ground Installation
Proper order of connection and removal: Install ground end first Remove line or equipment end first

1910.269(o): Testing and Test Facilities

Applies to high-power and highvoltage testing rather than routine line work Establish safe practices Guard test areas Grounding to be established and implemented Safety checks required

1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment

Mechanical considerations: Inspection Provisions for backing up Roll-over protective structures Outriggers Load ratings

Bucket Truck

Digger Derrick Truck

Bucket Truck
Bucket truck with outriggers fully extended

1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment

Operations near energized lines (equipment) Maintain minimum approach distance: Insulated portion of aerial lift is exempt Designated observer if necessary

Warning Label on Bucket Truck

Lineman in Bucket

1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment

Additional precautions: Insulate the lines, or Insulate the mechanical equipment, or Protect employees from hazardous differences in potential

Insulating Lines

Insulating Lines

Protecting Employee form Differences in potential

Protecting Employee form Differences in potential

1910.269(q): Overhead Lines

Poles, towers safe for climbing (Test methods for poles in Appendix D) Installing and removing lines: Mechanical considerations Electrical considerations Live-line bare-hand work; training required Tower and structure work

1910.269(r): Line - Clearance Tree Trimming Operations

1910.269(r)(1): Electrical
Not applicable to qualified employees Always maintain minimum approach distance Work may not be performed in adverse weather conditions Special training required for work in the aftermath of a storm

Tree Limb Lodged Between Two Energized Lines

Mechanical Equipment Requirements for:

Brush chippers Sprayers Stump cutters Power saws

1910.269(r)(8): Fall Protection

Each employee shall be tied in with a climbing rope and safety saddle when the employee is working aloft in a tree.

1910.269(s): Communication Facilities

Microwave Transmission: See 1910.97 Radiation protection guide Power Line Carrier

1910.269(t): Underground Electrical Installations

Access (ladder etc.) required for depth >4 ft. Attendants for manholes: First aid and CPR training. Employee on the surface may enter briefly to assist; other than emergency. No attendant for housekeeping, taking readings, etc.

Access ladder for Underground Electrical Installation (Vault)

First Aid Training Inside a Vault

1910.269(t): Underground Electrical Installations

Defective cables: Deenergize, if possible Use shield to contain fault

1910.269(u): Substations
Access and working space: NESC guidelines Guarding of live parts: NESC guidelines, or Subpart S (NEC) requirements Keep draw-out-type circuit breakers in open position when removing or inserting Grounding of conductive fences

Substation Overview

Detailed View of Transformers

Insulators & Connectors

1910.269(v): Power Generation

Access and working space: NESC guidelines Guarding of live parts: NESC guidelines, or Subpart S (NEC) requirements Changing generator brushes: Check for ground condition

1910.269(v): Power Generation

Chemical cleaning of boilers - restrict access, post signs Chlorine systems Coal and ash handling: MSHA jurisdiction Railroad Conveyors Storage areas

1910.269(w): Special Conditions

Capacitors Illumination to enable performing safe work Protection against drowning (U.S. Coast Guard approved floating devices) Employee protection in public work areas: Traffic control Barricades

Traffic Control

Warning Sign