Principles of Foundation Engineering 6th - Solution Manual

INSTRUCTOR’S SOLUTIONS MANUAL to accompany UST Me ss I THOMSON ENGINEERING ' i |THOMSON ——+~— ENGINEERING ‘COPYRIGHT © 2007 by Nelson, a division of Thomson Canada Ltd. Nelson is a registered trademark used herein under license For mote information contact Nelson, 1120 Birchmount Road, Scarborough, Ontario MIK SG4. Or you can visit our Intenet site at www nelson com. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part ofthis work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, ot mechanical, cluding photocopying, recording, taping, web distribution or information storage and retrieval systems—without the writen permission of the publisher.Instructor’s Solution Manual To Accompany Principles of Foundation Engineering, 6e by Braja M.Das107 pemsueees yt] A aieeiaeeseneree cee Lee 1B...c CHAPTER 1 _ 8751981) = (1900)(0.05) ld S17ATKN/ m? a 149% (0152.68) ] 45 — s3e poses |100)= 59% 12 a. FromEgs. (1.11) and (1.12) it can be seen that ae : wrele0o7 ates be 7/7 16.48 kN/ m= Ets - G08) Ite Ite. Eq. (1.14): €= wG, = (0.22(G,). So 9.81G, 1648 =. a 648-7002 2 _ 081 (1.6): n= = 8) = 9.45 ees) \ b. Eqs. (1.7) and (1.14): s- Se a0 = 69.5%14 15 16 ce. Bq. (LA): y= Stet) G, BE a Te aT b. 6 « 100) = 69.1% a. = se =1064 Ib/f? a Eq. (115): 7g = Ste tem _ 624V 2684 057) _ 1999 th ft? Ite 14057 b. Water to be added = 74 - y= 129.2 - 122= 7.2 Ib/ fe? = GH) | 2.68X624)14017) _ soggy ge? Ite 14057 116.64 = 108 Ib/ ft? +008 From Eqs. (1.11) and (1.12): 7, = Sos 108= eee, 2=053 Bq (112) pg = Ge, Eq. (1.19): D, = 0.8217 Ge a . Refer to Table 1 5 for classification. SOIL A: ‘SOIL B: SOIL C: SOIL D: SOIL E: SOIL F: SOIL A: SOIL B: SOIL C: ‘SOIL D: A-7-6(9) (Note: Pl is greater than LL - 30.) GI = Fm —35){0.2 + 0.005(LL — 40)] + 0.01 (Fug ~ 15XPI- 10) = (65 -35)[0.2 + 0.005(42 - 40)] + 0.01(65 - 15)(16 - 10) = 93 =9 A-6(5) GI = (55 -35)[0.2 + 0.005(38 - 40)] + 0.01(55 - 15)(13 - 10) = 5.4 = 5 430) A-4(5) GI = (64 — 35)[0.2 + 0,005(35 — 40)] + 0.01(64 ~ 15.9 - 10) = 4.585 = 5 A-2-6() GI = (Fay - 15)(PI - 10) = 0.01(33 ~ 15)(13 - 10) = 0.54 = 1 ‘A-7-6(19) (Pl is greater that LL - 30.) G1= (76 - 35){0.2 + 0.005(52—40)] + 0.01(76 — 15)(24~ 10) = 19.2 = 19 Table 1,6: 65% passing No, 200 sieve. Fine grained soi.; LL = 42; PI = 16 Figure 1.5: ML Figure 1.7: Plus No. 200 > 30%; Plus No. 4=0 % sand > % gravel - sandy silt Table 1.6: 55% passing No. 200 sieve. Fine grained soil. LL =38, PI = 13 Figure 1.5: Plots below A-line - ML. Figure 1.7: Plus No. 20> 30% % sand > % gravel ~ sandy silt ‘Table 1.6: 8% passing No. 200 sieve. % sand > % gravel - sandy soil SP Figure 1.6: % gravel = 100 - 95 = 5% < 15% — poorly graded sand Table 1.6: 65% passing No. 200 sieve. Fine grained soil. LL = 35, PI= 9 Figure 1.5~ML Plus No. 200 = 36% > 30% % sand (31%) > % gravel (5%) - sandy silt 319 110 rr SOIL E: Table 1.6: 33% passing No. 200 sieve. 100% passing No. 4 sieve. Sandy soil LL=38, PI=13 Figure 1.5: Plots below A-line - SM Figure 1.6: % gravel (0%) < 15% ~ silty sand SOIL F: Table 1.6: 76% passing No. 200 sieve. LL = 52, PI = 24 Figure 1.7: Phas No. 200 is 100 -76= 24% % sand > % gravel - fat clay with sand Te" T4e? Eq. (1.26): é i+e, @ I+e, 063° 022 _ 1+063 OAs 14043 ky = 0.08 em/sec From Eq, (1.26) : =(-2_ l+e, i nC) > ous = (EJ )e25 = 1239] : a i) By trial and error, e, = 0.52 126 k= 1.73 x 10° em / seeGite _ (2.66Y624) 112 =e =e Teton) Tee 14055 Gite ters _ (624N266+ 048 Yate Tee «14048 Gir Al+w) _ 2.74)(624\(1+03478) 1a? Yaseen 1 WG, T+ (03478274) 11799 BIR 107.09 Ib/ f° = 13239 Ib/ft* AtA: 0=0,u=0;0°=0 AtB: a= (107.09)(8) = 856.72 Ib / £0; u = 0; 0” = 856.72 Ib / ft AEC: 0 05% (132.39)(4) = 856.72 + 529.56 = 1386.28 Ib / f° = (62.4)(4) = 249.6 Ib / f° = 1386.28 - 249.6 = 1136.68 Ib / AD: 0 = G+ (117.99)(15) = 1386.28 + 1769.85 = 3156.13 Ib / f° u= (62.4)(19) = 1188.6 Ib / f° 0 = 1970.53 Yh /ft? 1.13. Inthe top sand layer: Yagunn EAE. 292667055) ‘When the ground water table is 4 ft below the ground surface, 1 = (107.09)(4) +(129.2\(4) + (132.39)(4) + (117.9915) = 3244.57 Ib / = (62.4)(23) = 1435.2 Ib/ ft? of = 3244.57 - 1435.2 = 1809.37 Ib/f? Change in effective stress = 1809.37 - 1970.53 = - 161.2 Ib / ft? 1.14 Equation (1.37): 4, = lve 265-1 14042 265-1 _115 Eq. (1.47): S.=f & Fete og EOS [0.009(42 - 103.7), 155 a ee of 5) = 0.087 m= 87 mm 116 Eq. (1.51): sf fecrf ze ec mf) 009(42 = 10) = 0.288; C, = C,/5 = 0.0576 [oo s76i09{ 128) + 028810 e($3)]- 0056 m= $6 mm os om LIT a. By. (138): ¢, = S=% 0910792 From Eq (1.47): 8, Using the results of Problem 1.12 %, = (8)(107.09) + (4)(132.39 ~ 62.4) + (15/2)(117,99 ~ 62.4) = 1553.6 Ib/ €,7= WG, = (0.3478)(2.74) = 0.953 392)(15 x 12) 1353641000) 7g is 140953 15536 ot For U= 50%, 7, = 0.197 (Figure 1.21) s Eq. (1.55): 7 0197 = 1= 4402 » 10° sec = 509.5 days (15x12) 118 a. Eq, (1.38): C, = S241, = 982-064 360 los a) te{ 252 oy1.19 Eq. (1.55): 7 gy For 60% consolidation, T, = 0.287 (Figure 1.21) Lab time: ¢ = 8} min = min CAB) 0.287 5 C, = 0.07907 in? /min Field: U = 50%; T,= 0.197 197 = (007907). (32 2 120 U=%=05 5 = 89693 min = 6.23 days OX na 101 2etmy 2 Ley = OO og x10% 11000 2 $0, T,)= 0:25 T, a). Now the following table can be prepared for trial and error procedure. r r Uy U, UF + Uy Hy vy | re | ig. 1.21) | (ig. 121) |” H+ A, oos [o2 | 026 051 034 o1 |04 | 036 07 0.473, 0.125 [os | 04 0.76 0.52 0.1125 | 0.45 | 0.385 0.73 05 So, T,q)= 0.1125 = 2 * 10°F; ¢ = 56,250 min = 39.06 days 71.21 1.22 1.23 Eq, (1.66): 1S T, = 60 days = 60 * 24 x 60 x 60s; H= $m= 1000 mm (8% 10° Y60%24 60% 6) _gayis (1000) = GA, x17) 24 x 6060) _ 9 o997 After 30 days: aie a (7000)? From Figure 1.28, for 7, = 0.0207 and 7. = 0.0415, U= 5%. So ‘S.= (0.05)(150) = 7.5 mm. 3 (8107120 x 24 x 60x 60) _ yg 120 days: 7, = ‘After 120 dys: T, (1000)? From Figure 1.28, for T, = 0.083 and T, = 0.0415, U= 27%. So 5.=(0.27)(150) = 40.5 mm Area o’= NIA $= tan-I(o’) Gn?) (ib) (b/in?) 4 50 125 435 | 1088 41.06 4 0 25 955 | 23.88 4097 4 150 375} 132 33 4.35 ‘When plotted, = 41° c’=0. Eq. (1.69): oj =o} tan? (45+) 30+96 = 30tan® (ssf o stan (15+) 20+ 40=201n" (4541.28 387.8 KN/m?* =0. Eq. (1.69): oi =ostan (4548 126 Eq. (1.69): of = 05 tan? (ass £) +2c’tan? («s + £) 368 = 140tan? (45 + f’/2) + 2c tan(45 + 6/2) a) 701 = 280tan? (45 + 9/2) + 2e’tan(45 + $’22) ® Solving Eqs. (a) and (b), $= 24° and c= 12 KN/ma* 127 ‘Normally consolidated clay; c,, = 0; ¢= 0 128 o, astan'(45+8) eo, tsota? (4542) =3059 aN / Si tan? 454%). 3059-4 rf 3) : t= tan} 4545 |; 45+); u=61: a ( +f) Tose [4+ w= 619 RNY 129 © =011+0.0037PI; & = 011+ (00037)(21) = 14.7 N/m? a Ha96-987)21 a Eq. (25): 4,(%) CHAPTER 2 -p? «100 (2)? - 0875" (1875)" Joo = 13.78% 2 pt b QP! 1.907 in. 22 Depth from ground surface | Nw] o* o ocr® (m) N/m) (MN / m7’) 40 6] 1054 sag 21 +209- 981] =0.0524 5.06 35 | 9] 1414 01.0524 + (17 - 981)(1.5) = 0.0632 5.88 1 = 70 | 8} 196 | 0062+ 2 7-98ix15)-00n| 486 85 |io] 1522 o0m4+ E17 - 981, 5)=00848 5.6 1oo |u| 163.0 00848 + (17 - 9.81)(.5) = 0.0956 5.08 * 6, (KN / m2) = 29N gs °OCR=0.193(Na/ or 23 18.08 x 5.5+ (19.34 ~ 9.81)(0.5) = 104.2 18.08 x 5.5 + (19.34 - 9.81)(2) = 118.5 18.08 x 5.5 + (19.34 - 9.81)(3.5) = 132.8 -le24 25 Ea. 214: Cy ‘Now the following table can be prepared. Depth | No} 9% Cy | eo" @) Nim’) 15 S| 2712 | 192] 10 3 7\ 5424 | 136] 10 45 9} 8136 J 111] 10 6 8 | 1042 [oss] 8 75 |12! 18s [092] 9 ti} 1328 | 0.87 | 10 “rounded to nearest whole number Depth | Neo % @ (deg) |’ (deg) (a) (N/m) | (Eq. 2.24) | [Eq (2.25)] 15 | 5 | 2712 | 2859 33.04 : 30 | 7 | 5424 | 2917 33.63 ( 45 | 9 | 8136 | 29.76 33.98 60 | 8 | 1042 | 29.47 3161 75 | 12 | 1185 | 3062 34.48 90 | | 1328 | 3033 33.0 ‘Av.29.66° Av. 33.29" = 30° = 33° o% No | Do | Po D,(%) (N/m) (eam) | (KN /m?) | [Eq 2.19)) 15x18=27 | 6 | 06 | 100 12 3x18 8 | 06 | 100 50 45xi8=81 | 9 | 06] 100 | .433 6x18=108 | 8 | 06 | 100 384 108 + 1.5202-9.81 13, | 06 | 100 QI 123.6 + 1.5(20.2~9.81) 14 [06 | 100 412 212.26 27 28 Depth r o% Po | No | o* (deg)” (| (b/#) | b/ in) | (db /in?) (Eq. 2.25) 10 | 106 736 | 147 [7 34 15 106 | 1104 | 147 | 9 34 2 | 106 | 1472 | 147 Jit 35 28 ng | i382 | 147 | 16 37 30 us | 2292 | 147 | 18 36 35 | us | 2702 | 147 | 20 36 4o | 1s | 3112 | 147 | 22 36 *rounded to nearest whole number Average $= $ O44 3464354374364 36 +36) = 35.4% 35° Eq. (2.188): D, (%) = 122+ 0.75 [p20 +2311-7710CR ~ 779} (222\(9) + 2311-71130) ]* AtlOf: D, =122+07! ~70f 452) -s0x32" = 3835% (22211) +2311-711(30) ]°* ALIS ft: D, =122+07! 1725 2] = 406% , ~ 77913) _ (50,32 °(jtan) 60x82) (222)(12) +2311-71160) P* At20f: D, =122+07! ~77{ 22) (50102) = 41.63% Average D, = (14)(38.35 + 40.6 + 41.63) = 40% r |. (2.29): ¢, == Eq. (2.29): ¢, x Eq. (2.31): K= 366 x 10° D? = 366 x 10°(6.35)' = 93.7 « 10° 76.84 KN /m? Euws1) =Ca(coneeas) = Mey vs = [1-7 - 0.54log(PI)](76.84) =[1.7-0.5élog(51 ~ 18)](76 84) = 67.62 kN / m* 29 a From Eq, (2.33), K=0.0021D" = 0.0021(2)° = 0.0168 124 = 738.1 Ib / ft? 0168 Cavs = B. Capcom = [1.7 = 0.5410g(P1)](738.1) =[1.7~ 0.54log(64 ~ 29)\(738.1) = 639.3 Ib /f 210 OCR= pH; B= 22¢PI)°4* = 22(51 - 18) = 4.11 o, 9%, = Q\A7) + QX19- 9.81) + BXI17 9.81) = 73.95 KN/ mi? Caysn = 76.84 KNin? 7684 OCR = (4.11) : (Fess 241 y=15.SKN/ mm; [Dep]; 4 | (N/m?) | (N/m) | (ee) Ls 0.0233 2.06 40 3.0 0.0465 4.23 40.2 45 0.0698 6.01 399 6.0 0.093 8.18 40 BY 0.1163 997 39.9 9.0 0.1395 12.42 40.1 *Eq. (2.47) Av. 6'= 40°2.12 Depth} 9%, Pa Ge Dy (%) (om) _| N/a) | N/m | N/a) | Ea. 2.45) 1s 23.3 100 2060 42.9 3.0 46.5 100 4230 53.9 45 69.8 100 6010 58.3 6.0 93 100 8180 63.1 75 | 1163 100 9970 65.7 9.0 | 139.5 100 12420 69.5 213 ao, =(5)(116) + (124)(12) = 2068 Ib/#. Eq. (2.51): (90x 144) - 2068 15 = 726 Ib/ ft? =@ an[ oosen—aies)" =312 13192 214 Bq. 2.56): = y+ 95{sa5~ S210 3265-424 E, 21+ Whe #a: 2 180-46 } = 4121.6 KN/m? 280- (9818-3) 215 a aK, 35 = 243. Bq, (2.63): (Ko/1.5)"" ~ 0.6 = (2.43/15) - 0.6 = 0.65 b, Eq. (2.64): OCR = (0.5K)! = (0.5 « 2.43)! = 1.36 c. B=(1~ #)Ep=(1-0.357)(34.7)(350 - 280) = 2131 KN/m? -15-260~ (3981) 2.16 DD Gea gay 749! Ba 26): f #3 oe nee O oREeaTD 217 Eq (2.70): Recovery satio = 3.2005 = 64% 218 Bq. (2.72): v= Sg WDD ee Tata DED = 3125 KN/m? 2.19 A time-distance plot is shown. : Slope of Oa = 1 1524x107 40 78 30 y, < 25x10 _ 492 m/sec 11524 (top layer) ¢ (milliseconds) 8 10x10° y= SS 1390 m /s0e i 20x10? 7 = 20x10 »y= SAS» 3390 m/sec x,=75m 1 fmm, 2) [1390= 492 6 6m 2Yy +¥, 1390+ 492 ( -16-2.20 Eq. (274): 2, =f ea T, = 2010" sec 22, - (2)(2.6) ¥(3390)? - (492)? frre OO) (3390492) ODO, (3390)(1390) = = 1524 fo = v3 : (3390)? — (1390)? $0, Z, = (14)(0.02 ~ 0.0105)(1524) = 7.24 m A time-distance plot is shown. Slope of Oa = 1 = 737%10" % 5 ¥; = 678.4 ft/sec 1 _ 286x107 Slope of ab = % 3 v= 1748.25 ft /sec 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 1 fy % x(f) 2 _1 [ITARIS~O78A 9. _ = DV itagasve7ea <8 ~ 9287 4%-18-CHAPTER 3 31a. Eq. G3)and Table 3.1: gy =24=—e'n, +N, +5 IN, a ¥s 7 For $= 28°, N, = 31.61, N, = 17.81, N,= 13.7 a = j[qooxsr69 +croxa0789 +0 10x13] $195 Ib/ft? wolfe » gant ah (on. eau +h 72N,) For ¢’ = 35°, from Table 3.1, N, = 57.75, N,= 41.44, N,=45.41 « oo =tforoa x178\(41 aLaravisxasan] = 372.8 kN/m? c. Table31: $”=30°, N, =22.46, N, = 19.13 Eq (3.7), with c= 0 a4 4a “Fs FS LGN, +04,BN,) -he x 165)(22.46) + (04\(165\(3)(1913)] = 280 KN /m? 32 Eq. B.7e’=0 From Table 3.1, for $’ = 34°, N, = 36.5, N, = 38.04 -19-1805 _ 1 = =[(15(159)(365) + (04)(159\(BY(38.04)] By trial and error, B= 2 m In Eq. (3.25), all inclination factors ate unity. Also, since itis a strip foundation, B/L = 0. So all shape factors ate equal to unity. Therefore 0° NFat ON Nye + ABN, Fy Table 3.3: p’ = 28, N,=25.8, N,= 14.72, N, = 16.72 Eq, (3.30): Fy= 1 +0.4(D//B) = 1 + 0.4(3/3)= 14 Eq. (3.31): Fyg= 1 + 2tang’(1 — sing’}(D,/B) = 1 + (0.299)(3/3) = 1.299 Eq. (3.32): Fy Gu (400)(25.8)(1.4) + (3)(110)(14.72)(1.299) + 14(110(3)(16.72)(1) = 14,448 + 6310 + 2758.8 = 23,517 Ib / a= 4/4 = 5879 Tb / 2 Fy= Fyo Fy Wy Fg Foe @ Fy = ls Fg 5 07=0 4 1 i fea Bes +58", Table 3.3: N, = 33.35 N, = 48.03 Fag= 1 + 2tang“(1-sing (D//B) = 1 + 0.25(1 2/1.5)= 1.2 ax = VACA 2)(17.8(33.3)(1.2) + Y4(17.8)(1.-5)(48,03)] = 373.7 KN / a? > IN Fag BBN FF, $= 30°. From Table3.3, N, = 18.4; N,=22.4 Eqs. 3.29) and (3.32): Fy,= 0.6; Fyg=1 Eq. (3.28): Fy,=1+ tang’ = 1.577 -20-Bq. (331): Fy 1 +2tang“(I-sing’(Dj/B) = 1 + 0.29(2/3) = 2294 us = YA(2)(16.5)(18.4)(1.193)(1.577) + Y4(16.5)(3)(22.4)(0.6)(1) = 368.8 KN / mn? 34 FPN Paha Fa ON a FeFe + HB, NN ly] * = 25°; Table 3.3: N,= 20.72, N, BN, (S)(e88) = 14 BM 1 4(33)(2058) 1514 Beaty = 55 \2070)— 10.66, N, = 10.88 B ct) =l+—1 y =14+/ 5S = 1.461 ryote Bang =te(SE)onas- te F,= 1-042 -04(1) = 06 D, 4 =1404(2%|=1+04(4)~ Fy =1+0. (%) 1+0, (4) 129 Fy =1+2ung'-singy 2-14 0311( 5) =1226 Fuel (350)(20.72\(1514\129\0694) ta As +(107 x 4(10.66(1.466)(1226)(0694) |= 119.7 kip +(05\(107(55\(1088)(0.6)(1)(0.16) 357 One (ae Ue!N Fe, Fes Fey + GN FypFaFy + 47BN NN a Ny ~'] g’ = (1)(16.8) + (1)(19-4 - 9.81) = 26.39 KN / mi? 21.3.6 G’= 25°. Table 3.3: N, = 20.72; N, = 10.66; N, = 10.88 2)(1066 FB, =1+{2)/ 1056). a +(ns) Be 2 k, 19(2)ian2s=131 2 i =1-043)=07 a =1+04—J=14 z-1-042) 7) 140311] =|=1311 voan(2}=13 Bet 1 (50X20.72)(1343\1 4) + (2639\10.66(131)1311) ’ Qu = (Ge x3) = 3721 KN c 4 +(05X19.4 -9812\(1088)(0,73X(1) - 2639 ‘Quy = 150,000 tb = 150 kip; O, = (FS)(Q) = (3)(150) = 450 kip Also, = yD,= (0.115)(3) = 0.345 kip / f? 450 naar @ For $’= 40°, Table 3.3 gives N, = 64.20, N, = 109.41 F,= 1+ (BiLytang’= 1 + (BIB)tan40° = 1.839; Fyy= 1 +0.214G/B) Fy = 1~04(BB)=0.6; Fyy=1 4u = (0345(64.20K1 #591 + 262) ,20 115)(B\(109.41)(0.6X1) = 40788 are ® Combining Eqs. (a) and (b)2 -aa73+ 7b sane By trial and error, Eq. (c) gives B = 2.75 ft 370 a Depth Pa No | _# (deg) (i) (ib / in?) [Eq. (2.25)] $ 3.82 147 i 40.5 10 764 | 147 | 14 403 15 | 146 | 147 | 16 39.6 20 | 1528 | 147 | 21 40.5 25 | 191 147 | 24 404 Av. $= 40,26° = 40° D. dus BLN, FypFoa + AYBN, Fy F yi) (G’= 40°. Table 3.3: N, = 64.2; N, = 109.41 Fry= 1+ (8/8)tand0 = 1.84 Fog™ 1+ 2tand0(1 ~ sindO)*(5/8) = 1.134 Fy, = 1-0.4(8/8) = 06 Fy=l 2. & x8) le ¥ 110)(642)(184)(1.134) +2 3a 10)(8)(109: ano5eo] = 6563.9 kip 38 FromEq. (3.44) = y| Dy + 17) 14+=|=255 KN/m? q a y 2)- anf 3) L 1400 ” "2+ 03572 +255tan20) 638 -23-From Eq. (3.43) Te ~ fo [(29-0452)ou(es-#)] ay 04st ~20)] ~}oo{(23 0455 Jo 45, 2)]} +026 Since J, qq > Z,,use Eqs. (3.46) and (3.48). e BY sang? «| 327 8ing" log(2,) Fa Fy so (+4062) ang - [tance I} . 1 3.07sin20log(2 x 638) | _ = on 4+ 063 }an20+ [2etenzoteae<630 =0534 Pe ciete *'N, wang” For f’= 20°, N, = 6.4 (Table 3.3). 1-0534 = 0534- 64 tan20 = 0334 Now, fiom Eq, (3.43) 67 ON Fes Fes Fug 4N, Fey Fr Feet BY BN, Fy FaP ye From Table 3.3, for $’= 20°, N,= 14.83, N, = 6.4, N, = 5.39, From Section 3.6 Fog= 1+ (NyIN. (BIL) = 1+ (6.4/14.83)(%) = 1.216 F,,= 1+ (BiLjtang’= 1 + (¥4)tan20 = 1.182 - 0.404) = 08 F,=1-0.4(BIL) Feg= 1+ 0.4(D/B)= 14 04(1/1) = 1.4 Fyg= 1+ 2tang(1 ~ sing’) (D;/B) = 1 + 2tan20(1 — sin20)%(1/1) = 1.315 -24-39 3.10 a= (72(14.83\(1.216)(1.4)(0.334) + (1 x 17(6.4)(1.182)(1.315)(0.534) + (41 7)(.0}(5.39)(0.8)(1)(0.534) = 717 KN / mi? Bi =B-2e=1.5- 20.15)=12m;, L=15m G07 Ny Fy Fuat BY BN, Fp Fy Table3.3: f’= 36°; N, = 37.75; N, = 56.31 Fy=1+(B/UL}tang’= 1 + (1.2/1 5)tan36 = 1.58 Fay= 1 + 2tang'(1 - sing’)? (D/B) = 1 + 2tan36(1 — sin36)*(1/1.5) = 1.165 Fr 0.4(BIL) = 1 -0.4(1.2/1.5) = 0.68 Furth de = (1 * 1737.75 .58)(1.165) + ()(I7)(1.256.31)(0.68)(1) = 1571. 9KN/n? B'L _ (15719\1.2\(15) FS 4 Qu = 707.3 kN B=8- (2)(0.65)=6.7%; L=8ft GF ON. FegFea + 9’NgFepFea * 4 BN Fy F yp Table 3.3: p= 26%; N,=22.25; N, = 11.85; N, = 12.54 Section 3.6: Fog= 14 (Ny/N, (BIL) = 1 + (11,85/22.25)(6.718) = 1.446 Fr= 1+ (B/IL}tang’= 1 + (6.7/8)tan26 = 1.408 Fr O.4(B“/L) = 1 - 0.4 (6.7/8) = 0.665 Fo 1 + 0.4(D/B)= 1 +0.4(6.5/8) = 1.325 Fag= 1 + 2tan26(1 — sin26)*(6.5/8) = 1.25 Fyg=1 25+4%, = (500)(22.25)(1.446)(1 325) + [(3)(110) + (3.5)(122 - 62.4)} x (11.83)(1.408)(1.25) + 4122 ~ 62.4)(6 7)(12.54)(0.665)(1) = 34,213 Ib/ 0.7 4,B°L = [(34213)(6.7(8)) a = 1833.8 kip 3.11 B=5f;L=6f;e=B2-2=25-2=05 8 Eq. (3.74): 1 1 a= ale Newey +N Fete +578 Fao Foggy = 12-0025 2 ~02s{$) =117 ret foo-Ia) 2) 28 of) oo I -om Foye) = q = (2)(105) + (2)(118 — 62.4) = 321.2 Ib/ AE For e/B= 0 and ’= 25°, from Figures 3.20, 3.21, and 3.22: Ng = 16.8, Nga) = 12, Ny = 65 Qux = (5)(6){(400)(16.8\(1.17) + (321.2)(12)(1) + (H6)(118 - 62.4)(5)(6.5)(0.794)] = 373,026 Ib ~373 kip 3.12 e=70/450=0.156; c= 0. Bq (3.74): 2 1 0-8 eohao Lr Mate] $= 30°; e/B=0.156/B Qu = (450)(FS) = (450)(6) = 2700 KNFogg = 1s B=L Fran ® 14(222288_ a6} + [o 43- asf 2) = 1+(232-o68),-(049-2258) B B 0312 _ 0234 B = 075. B Hence 2700 = B {a 2x1OLN yo K+ Z19-9} sNBM KO 75 ~ 3 Z 2) 2700 = # [192m +AS9INBN (o 75 22298) @ ‘TRIAL AND ERROR: Let B= 2 m; e/B = 0.156/2 = 0.078; “= 30° From Figures 3.21 and 3.22, Nyo* 20; Nyy 14 Right-hand side of Eq. (a): @r[as2a0 + casesxaya{as- 322 _£288)| = 17814 KN <2700 KN Let B= 2.5 my e/B = 0.156/2.5 = 0.0624; $= 30° From Figures 3.21 and 3.22, Ngo * 21; Nyo* 16 Right-hand side of Eq. (a): est = [« 92320) + (45999216 0 75~ 9512 _9354)] = 3130 KN < 2700 KN Let B= 2.25 m; e/B = 0.156/2.25 = 0.0693; ’= 30° From Figures 3.21 and 3.22, Ng 20.5; Nygo)* 15 Right-hand side of Eq. (a): 273.3 314 (225) = [o2axens +4 sesx225ii5(o 75-2512 0), 2391 kN < 2700 KN $0, B= 2.4m ep/B = 0.4/4 = 0.1; e, /L = 1.2/6 = 0.2. So Case Il, Figure 3.16 applies. From Figure 3.16, L ,/L = 0.865 and L/L = 0.22 = (0.865)(6) = 5.19 ft; L, = (0.22)(6) = 132.8 Eq. (3.64): A’ AL ,+ L,)B = 45.19 + 1.32)(4)= 13.02 Eq. G.65): B’=AIL, = 13.02/5.19=2.51 ft Eq (3.66): L’=5.19 Ge ON Fey Fog + AY BN Pg Fy Table 3.3: o/= 35°; N, = 33.3; N, = 48.03 F,,= 14 BL Yang’= 1 + (2.51/5.19)tan35 = 1.339 Fy 0.4(B/L’) = 1 - 0.4 (2.51/5.19) = 0.806 Fg = 1 + 2tan35(1 — sin35)°(3/4) = 1.191 Fy! G4 = (11S 3Y33.3)(1.339)(1.191) + 14(115)(2.51)(48.03)(0.806)(1) = 23,908 Ib / A? BL! _ (23,908X 251X519) 20S C1000) 7.86 kip €9/B = 1.5/4 = 0.375; ¢,/L = 0.06/6 = 0.01. So Case IH, Figure 3.17 applies. From Figure 3.17, B,/B= 0.3 and B,/B= 025 B,=(0.3)(4)= 1.2 8; B, = (0.254) = 18 Eq. (3.67): A’ '4(B, + B,)L=A(1.2 + 16) = 6.6 Eq. (3.68): BAIL =6.6/6=11 ftBq. (3.66): L’=L=6ft Fog 1+ (BUL tang’ 1 + (1.V/6)tan35 = 1.128 Fyy= 1-0A(B IL’) = 1-04 (1.1/6) = 0.927 Fj 1+ 2tan35(1~ sin35)43/4) = 1.191 Fyn 4/,= (11S 3)(33.3)(1.128X 1.191) + 4(115)(1.1)(48.03)(0.927)(1) = 18,250 Ib / 0g = BL, 8250, Fees (4)(1000) = 30.1 kip -29--30-41 42 CHAPTER 4 ace ee Eq. 43): gy = aNG hy +57 BN, Fy H B $’= 40°, Figures 4.4 and 4.5: Nj = 380; N= 200 Eqs. (4.4) and (4.5) and Figure 4.6: ~m(Z)=1- oa 3) = ona Flee -m(2)=1- os{ 3) - 0688 Qn = ugh 5x25) 28 C25/a2 xITIGBONOTA)+ 3 + anyasy200yo: 629)] 9209 KN #06 = 8.04 ae G'= 35°. Nz = 300; N= 100 Eqs. (4.4) and (4.5) and Figure 4.6: B 1s) -n(2) = 1-053) = 045 K -n(2) =l- osi(32) =042 Qn = 12 we o3e x15) [ass 1(300Y0. 45+ 2a5sc0n04)] =1873 KN43 44 45 Eq. (4.8) and Table 4.1: 3 WA CN + 9 Ni= 5.24 Gu (105)(5.24) + (18)(1) = 568.2 KN / mi? eH B B Eq. (4.26): 9, = ( + o28 lam, + (1 + #24) +7, Bo. & _ 585 L eG i009 = °58 From Figure 4.9 and Eq. (4.28): £20975; ¢, =(0975\1000) = 6 4, = 685)(514) + QOS), + CHECK — Eq. (4.27): = So, g, = 4279 Ib/ 4279 Ga = FS From Figure 4.9: 975 Ib/ A? (1211.65) = 4279 Ib / ft? (1 + 022 ).N, +7,D, = (100X514) + (121)(1.65) = 5339.7 Ib/ ft? = 1426 Ib / tt? 3 = (0975)(719) = 70.1 KN / m™ 32.46 Bq. (4.26): 2¢,H a= (te022 oaee( Doro, = [1+(0.2)(0.754)(432)(514) + (1+ 0. 759] 2AVO79} + (1729092) = 25553+20315+1591= 4746 KN/ m* CHECK — Eq. (4.27): Wad (140220, +7 Dy =[1 + (02K0.754)](7 19 X514) + (1729)(0.92) = 4412 KN/ m? Q, = (441.2)(0.92)(1.22) = 495.2 KN 2D, 4 a. Eq. (421) [with B/L=0]: 9, = 5i4e; rari 72e ane +7D, amy, 2-54 Ba O21 1 057, BN cy For $’= 40°, Nyy) = 109.41; Nygy = 64.2 (Table 3.3) 9 ___614)30) = 0078 9 (0518\2)(109.41) From Figure 48, for gi = 40° and 2 n 1078, K, #25 = (51430) +agasy(t aoe 2x2 \psen + (18)(1.2) = 2863 KN / m? CHECK — 1 G4 = Dy Ney Fany +5 Fr Bruty = (18)(12)(64.2)() + > (18(2)(109 4101) = 3356 KN/ m? -33-So, 9, = 286.3 KN /m? . Minimum value of H1/B will be when, fiom Eq. (4.21) (Note: BIL = 0) af 4 22r)K, tangs 1 side, +7 ho(14224) 7 L+y,D; TD/Nyw +77 BN oy 3356 KN (mm or (514)30)+ asir(t +222) 2en + (18)(12) = 3356 KN/ im? rrsesissea (1+ 24) 356 KN / m2 ‘By trial and error, H = 11.9 m 47 Eq, (4.23): 1 = [ne + EDN Fenny +r Maka B 2D, ) K, tang, arate Be Reames G'= 30°. Table 3.3: Ng) = 18.4; Ny) =22.4 Eqs. (3.28) and (3.29): Feay = Z tangs = 14 3 an30=1577 -04(12)-06 15, % Nr Eq. (4.25): : 1 Nyy Gi = 40°. Nyy) = 109.41 (Table 3.3) , GHIBA) _gigg q (1810941) 3448 Figure 4.8: gf =40°; 4220149; K,~3 4 du = [(18(1+08)(18.4)(1577) + (05)(16)(1.)(22.4\(0.6)] +(18)(08)7 ( +B). 20) ie (18)(08) = (9401 + 161.28) + 13535— 14.4 = 12223 KN/m? 1 CHECK — Bq. (4.24): 4, = 71D, NeyFeray +7: BN ayFray $4 = 40°, Table 3.3: Nyy) = 64.25 Nyqy = 109.41 B 15 Fagg) = 1+ tang = 1+ 72 tand0 = 1839 B 15 fe ~o4 15) 06 Fey =1-04 of 8)-0 L 4.7 (18)(1)(64.21 s3)+2agc $)(109.41)(0.6) = 2125.2 + 886.2 = 3011.4 KN / m? So, q,= 1222.3 KN / in? Gutsy = 1222.3 ~ (1 * 18) » 1204 KN / un? Bt ? Que, ore = wen” = 677.25 KN By. 4.30) 4 = aNC, +3780 6, $°= 35°. Table 3.1: N, =41.44; N, = 45.41 For 6’= 35°, fiom Figure 4.11, ¢, = 131; ¢,=20 (3 * 110)(41.44)(1.31) + (4)(110)(3\45.41)(2) = 32,8998 Ib / A? ues = 9 ~ YD;= 32,899 8 ~ (3 x 110) = 32,569.8 Ib / ft? -35-8142 Ib /f? Net allowable bearing capacity = Bee . 49 a Ba=4f H=15f SinceB7 3) (2) Bb Bl Hence, this is a shallow foundation. Eq. (4.46): Foecaapine = 7:56 + ai(2)= 756+ 1. (2) =828 From Figure 4.22, with @ = 0.188, the value of B= 0.275 Eq. (4.48): Q,= AB‘F, ¢, + D) = (1.2 x 2.4){(0.275\8.28)(74) + (18)(2)] = 589 KN 37-CHAPTER 5 B=95 ft; q,= 3000 Ib/f3z=7.58 5.1 Eq. (53): Ao=q, f1— ‘Ao =3000}1--—1 | 91 mst? [s(5 J] 52 Eq. (5.7): m=Bilz, Eq. (5.8): n= Liz. Refer to areas in Figure 5.4. Areal: m=12/8=0.15 n= 38 = 0375 1, = 0.025 (Table 5.2) Area 2: m=3/8=0375 n=38=0375 1+ 0.06 Area3: m=0.15 n= 68=075 4,= 0.037 Area 5: m=0.375 5 1,= 0.08 Aa golly + I, I+ 4) = (110)(0.202) = 22.2 KN / m? 53 Refer to Figure 5.4 -39-34 55 56 ara | z [ B | 2 | m=Bu | n=Le 7 @ | @® | @® (Table 5.2) ee | 20) iste laa 0.25 035 0.036 2 [| 2% | 0 | 7 05 035 0.064 oo 5 [| 12 025 06 0.053 a ee 05 06 0.0947 202477 ‘Ao= (2500)(0.2477) = 619 Ib / ft L=Ly+1,=3+6=9m B= B,+B,=12+3=42m z | m=LB | n,=24B)2) I Ao=1.4, (m) (Table 53) | (N/m) Cy ee eT) 1 110 1 214 0.476 0.95 104.5 2 214 0.952 085 935 3 214 143 0.65 71S 4 214 191 049 53.9 5 214 238 0.41 45.1 L=7+12=19f B=10+5=15% z | m=LB | m=2(B2) I. @) (Table 53) | (ib/ ft?) of] 127 0 1 2500 Se) ton 067 085 2125 10 | 127 133 055 1375, 15 127 2 035 875 20; |, 2.67 0.24 600 The plan of the foundation can be divided into 4 areas, each measuring 2.5 ft x 2.5 ft H,=385 H,= 13 B=250;L=25 857 58 B_23 L = 2-25-9933, n,-4- aces ma, Figure 5.7: Lay,) = 0212 Laer Eg L 25 = 2750933, n, - 4225-0192 eeu ata saat Figure 5.7: [yyy =013 ~ Ayla = (q.\(4) oa | [eee cnet, $0820 y= 8 Ib/ fe? 13-3 5x5 Ao, 1562.5 Ib/ ft? Ao, = = 5917 Ibs ft? 308.6 Ib/ ft? t [1562.5 + (4)(591.7) +308, 6] = 706.3 Ib / fe Point A: By /z= 10/15 = 0.67 ie 60 fi #10 B,/z= 60/1S=4 Figure 5.11:1’= 0.475 30n Aa =(2)(30 « 115)(0.475) | = 3278 Ib / ft 5 t 15 ft AlPoint B: -— 60 ft——4 20 ft +60 R-——> For@: B,/z= 0/15 =0; B,/z= 60/15 = 4; 1’= 0.415 For®: B,/z=20/15 = 1.33; B,/z= 60/5 =4;1’=0.49 Aa = (30 x 115)(0.415 + 0.49) = 3122 1b / £2 Point C: - — I — ° : i : ISA i ia 2 ce For@: By/e= 80/15 = 5.33; By/z= 60/15 = 4; 1’=05 For@: B,/z=0/15=0; By/z= 60/15 = 4; 1’=0.415 ‘Ao = (30 « 115)(0.5 - 0.415) = 293 Ib / 1- 5.9 Eq.(5.25): 8, =9,(aB'): =15m a2.Eq. (5.26) and Tables 5.4 and 5.5: 1-24 = 06694424: (0) = 0669 “4H, 1=K+ Figure 5.15b: J, = 0.725 S, = (804 x ssf Jossoxazas =0056m = 56mm 8500 Figure 5.15b: 1,= 0.62H 1,1, = (1804 x 15)] = 0024 m= 24.4 mm 3 S, = 9,08 oe 1. = Gol 3500 Jo 34)(0.62) S11 Eqs. (5.25) and (5.33): S, = 0.939, (aB" w= Bosnase 10 625 16 Z 1024 H 32, 3) @) 2 rt Tables 5.4 and 5.5: F, = 0.597; F, = 0.025 42s p, = 95974 HOY 995) = 0611 =z, 1-03 Figure 5.15b: J, = 0.83 625)_1-03? = (093 eee) eee = =0419 in, 5, = (09: 000} > \s 1a 08111083) = 00349 R= 0.419 in a Hat, 5.12 Eqs. (5.25) and (5.33): S, = 0.939, (aB"). Tables 5.4 and 5.5: F, » 0.52; F, = 0.01 45.13 5.14 2x0) (001) = 0523 Pegg Dy pi es he pen aie Figure 5.15¢: J,= 0.74 071; 1-04? 8, = (093)(2303(4 1.08) =o (0523)(0.74) = 00183 m=18.3 mm D/B= 1.2/1.5 = 0.8; HIB = 3/1.5=2; LB=3/15=2 From Figure 5.17, A, = 0.69; 4, = 0.95 5.= (0.69)(0. 95) 2502) = 0.245 m= 246 mm From Bq, (5.36) the equivalent diameter is [ABE _ [BOC _sose z x qo = 3000 Ib/ ft? BBs a 1os0neee 4B, (B0)(505)— B= From Figure 5.19, for f= 8.25 and HIB, = 1.58, the value of Ig = 0.72 Eq. (5.40):1, = 2+ 4 E, 2r 4641 £ (2) Beg We = =2y 4 6 ° 4641 mateo [22] 12504 328 Jon a Eq (5.41): Ig=ln 1 35exp(122y1, ~ oa{ Be is} Dy oe 1 =0928 3Sexp[(122)(04)- 04] 05 3816) Eq. (5.39): alalole (dp) = BOONE 05}(072K0.786\0928) 4 _g 425 S.= (1250 144) = 0037 ft ~ 0.446 in. fea y2) Ble, SAS Eq (539: Sp = AEE, qo= 150 KN / mi? 4B? (ayo)? © H,7 035 E, = 16,000 KN / mi?_ £, __ 16,000 16.000 5-35. Gonases FL Ls) B, 3385 From Figure 5.19, Je = 0.89. From Eq, (5.40): i eee eee CagrS 4 15x 10° [ay 46410] > 16,000 (22) 400) | 3385 From Eq. (5.41): 1 1 35exp(122y, -00{ 2+ ss 35expl(122(03) - 04) y S416 3385 ) 15 = 0923 0193 m= 19.3 mm 2 5,=0 soxasssyos9051540023/ < = } 5.16 Refer to Figure 5.22. Assume J, plots approximately the same as square foundation. J, = 0.1 atz=0;f =05 atz=3.125 81, =Oatz=125f -47-5.17 Refer to Figure 5.22. I, =0.1 atz=0; 1, =05atz= 1.05 m, E, ) (in) | (b/in4) E, 0-3.125 | 375 | 3200 | 03 | 0.00352 3125-125 | 1125 | 3200 | 0.25 | 0.00879 £0.01231 [ Depth Ae & | Ae(asy 7Dj= (115)(2.5) = 287.5 Ib / f? = 1.997 Ib / in? 3000 —g = —— = 2083 Ib/ in? a4 = aoe, ef 1997 ) 7-4. 2083, 'S,= (0.952)(1.34)(20.83)(0.01231) = 0,327 in. 0952; C, = 14-0210 53882) 134 Depth Az E, @) (a) | &N/m) 0-105 | 1.05 | 16,000 | 03 | 0.196 x 10* 105-42 | 3.15 | 16,000 | 0.25 | 0.492 x 10* 0.688 x 107 q= yD,=(18.1)(1.5)=27.15 KN / mq, = 230 KN / nt ~05(248) -o94r G =1+02tee(5)=14 230 a1 Gq S,= (0.941)(1.4)(230)(0.688 x 10*) = 208.5 x 10¢ m= 20.85 mm -48-5.18 See the figure below for strain influence factor diagram. Layer'No. 0.2 I E, (Ib /in2) o 875 ® @ 1740 . 1450 Depth below Depth below foundation (ft) foundation (ft) Depth | Az E, alae @) | Gay | wind x) 06 n2 875 0313 0.0258 68 24 1740 0.463 0.0064 820 | 144 1740 | 0375 | 0.0301 20-32 | 144 1450 | 0.125 | 0.0124 q= yD,= (115)(S) = $75 Ib / in? 575. ~ 5 F000 575, -05 )=0916; G =1+02teg 22) 14 75, (0.0756) = 2.31 in. Tee519 5.20 [ "3 [_* ® 3 10 10 12 15 9 20 4 28 16 “Average Na =12 From Eq. (5.46b): +1 = No(B Allowable gue= M(221)' py B=58%S,=1in F,= 1 + 0.33(D//B) = 1 + (0.33)(3/5) = 1.198 2 as 2(21) (1198)(1) # 5.18 Kip /f? Eq (5.56): Zaft Br Beq’=153KN/ mn? Ss 125) > + = 0.14)(0.093)(1) 025+| = 1 S, 20.0171 m= 17.1 mm $21 Depth cA o% (deg) @ (MN/m?) | (N/m?) | (Ea 2.47) 2 241 0.033 381 4 42 0.066 381 6 52 0.099 370 8 73 0.132 373 10 87 0.165 37.0 15 4 0248 374 y, N, From Figure 5.30, for tan@ = 02 and @’=37°, <= 034 5% =054 , a Nye= (0.34)(60) = 20.4; Nyg = (0.54)(43) = 23.22 Eq. (5.68): das = ON 5 + AN g = (065% 112322) +5 165K15)204) = 638.6 KN mn? Dy $22 AL ~ 5-067. For $’= 37°, FS = 4. Using Figure 5.31 and interpolating, k; = 0.33. From Table 5.11, for ky = 0.33 and 6’= 37°, the value of tana. = 0.95 SieFrom Eq. (5.69): as) ve Seq = orn wna a= = 00047 m = 4.7 mm 523 of = (43100) + (3122-624) Rares = 45041788+288 = 9168 Ib/ A? 0, + Ao, = 9168 +1686 = 2602.8 Ib/ ft? Oe toy Fe. 4 Cole Tot AS Sen" Tee, as Tee, eae (0.06)10% 12) (22) (0.25y10% 12), (26028 j = log] —— | + —— | = | = 3.45 in. 1407 *o168)* 1407 °* 000 = 345 5.24 From Problems 5.23 and 5.7 05=916.8 Ib/ ft 1,+ Ao’ =916,8 + 706.3 = 1623.1 Ib/ 2 (0.06)(10) ,, 1623.1 = 00875 ft= 1.05 in, 1718 piqq 7 00875 in, -52-CHAPTER 6 (fF) 20 oper + o4(3) =7TLKN/m? Thee a o (0.195)(20) 62)) _ 2 =6. 14,5001 jcneag ae if + oa. 0 ] 16,321 Ib / ft 61 a Eq.(6.10): ane) = 5140, =(514\( b. tueo = 5404 c 62 Depth | No () 15 7 30 12 45 u 60 1 75 B 90 u 105 13 Average Noo = 10.86 = 11 N, Eq. (6.12): danse = 99g | Neo. 008 S, Ne a Se *) s 1663N9( 5) (033)(15) PA lg)-pmls 25, 033D, B a fal t ) -53-64 a B=20mzc,=30KN/m?; L=20 m; y= 18.5 KN/m? Q _ 48x 1000 KN By (620): Dy = = gs) Om b. Eq. 622): ) i a a) B op, (019520), 04D, e519) (189100 J, - 48x10" ( Siig) 1950, 240 - 37D, = 184.27 +3.69D,; D,=1.37 m 0195B 04D, side, (1422958) | , O42 Me, (1+ L ps e wD; 65 Bq. (6.22): FS= FS = 2; c, = 20 KN/ m?; B= L = 20 m; Q= 48 x 10° KN; y= 18.5 N/m? 0.195x 20), 04D, 6.14900 [1+ 258214 3 | 240 - 37D,= 122.85 - 2.48D,; D,=3.39 m66 67 B= 10m; L= 12m; Q=30,000 KN Eq (5.70): Ao,,= Feao' + Ae, + B04) Eq, (8.12): m, = LIB = 12/10 = 1.2 z as IL 7(m) (2 ™ | table 53) 4 08 12} 081 66 1.32 12 | =064 92 84 12] =045 7, = (16)(4.2) + 2(18 - 9.81) + 2.6(17.5 - 9.81) = 103.58 KN /m? 0%, = 105 KN/ m?, So 0%, » 0% (normally consolidated) = (03852) 9g 1035841592 _ «T+ 088 ims se ‘We will need to use Table 5.2 At the top of the clay layer: m= Blz=10/4=25 n=Liz=12/4=3 Ao/= 0.2429, -55-At the middle of the clay layer: m= 10/6.6=1.515 n= 12/6.6=1.818 Ao, = 0.224, At the bottom of the clay layer: m= 10/9.2= 1.09 n=12/92=130 A0;=0.1894, bot, =htao; +4Ao1, +04) = (PS Joan + (4)(0.22) + 0180] = 54.63 kN/ m? 6( 10x12 5, = Selle jog Ph tO, _ (038N52),,5 103585463 _ 9 199 1+e, 14088 10358 68 The plan of the mat foundation is shown. Area of the mat = (32'20")(48'20") = 1672.11 f? GC ie L E |-/}—6 & 16ft——e]} 10in 10h Ton ( -56-Zor 20")(48' 20")? = 343,727 ft alcr 20" (80+ 120-+90) +(16' 10")(100 + 120+ 90) +(10")(100+ 120+ 80)] = 16.655 ft =-0.178 ft M, = (900)(0.178) = 160.2 kip - ft 1 [(48'20")(80 + 90 +80) + (24° 20")(120 +120+ 120) + (20")(100-+ 100+ 90)] = 246 ft =246- 4820" = = 0.233 ft M, = (900)(0.233) = 209.7 kip - ft Q, Mx, My __900_, 1602x , 209.7 A, ty 167241 157,937 343,727 Eq (624): 9= = 05328+0.0010143x +000061y AtA: q= 0.5382 + (0.0010143)(16.83) ~ (0.00061)(24.83) = 0.54 kip / At B: q= 0.5382 + (0.0010143)(0) - (0.00061)(24 83) = 0.523 kip / f? At: q=0.5382 ~ (0.0010143)(16.83) - (0.00061)(24 83) = 0.506 kip / AtD: q= 0.5382 ~ (0.0010143)(16.83) + 0 = 0.521 kip /ft* At E: q= 0.5382 ~ (0.0010143)(16.83) + (0.00061)(24.83) = 0.536 kip / f At F: q=0.5382 +0 + (0.00061)(24.83) = 0.553 kip /? At G: q= 0.5382 + (0.0010143)(16.83) + (0.00061)(24.83) = 0.570 kip / ft? AtH: q= 0.5382 + (0,0010143)(16.83) + 0 = 0.555 kip / ft? 57.69 2, Mx, My fe gah MY { Ea. 624 9= Gt ET A= (16.5)21.5) = 354.75 m? 7 “pe = pass21s? = 13,665 m* L “ye 7 Heisassy = 8,050 m' Q= 350 + (2)(400) + 450 + (2500) + (2)(1200) + (4)(1500) = 11,000 kN M,=Qe,; ¢, = x8 Ox} + Ooh + Ox +... Q (825500 + 1500 + 1500+ 500) +(16.25)(350-+ 1200 + 1200 + 450)}= 7.814 m * | +(025\(400 +1500 + 1500+ 400) 4 = 7814-825 =-0435 m~-044m & 2 Hence, the resultant line of action is located to the left of the center of the mat. So ‘M, = (11,000)(0.44) = 4840 KN - m. Similarly M,=Qe,; ey yt = D2 “Oui sO 1 [(025)(400 +500 + 350) +(7.25\1500 +1500+1200) =1085m 11,000] +(14.25,(1500 +1500 + 1200) + (21.25}(400 +500 +450) ad: 6, = 9" ~F= 1085-1075 =01 m The location of the line of action of the resultant column loads is shown on the following Page.6.10 11,000)(0.1) = 1100 KN-m. So E f Se 025m At A: q=31.0+ (0.6)(8.25) + (0.08)(10.75) = 36.81 KN / m?* At B: q=31.0 + (0.6)(0) + (0.08)(10.75) = 31.86 kN / m? At Cs q=31.0 ~ (0.6)(8.25) + (0.08)(10.75) = 26.91 KN / mi? AtD: g=31.0 - (0.6)(8.25) ~ (0.08(10.75) = 25.19 KN / m? ALE: q= 31.0 + (0.6)(0) - (0.08)(10.75) = 30.14 KN / mt? At: g= 31.0 + (0.6)(8.25) ~ (0.08)(10.75) = 35.09 KN / m? Determination of Shear and Moment Diagrams for Strips: Strip AGHF:Average soil pressure = 44) = dara) + 9jar) = oot 329 = 35.95 KN / m? Total soil reaction = g,,.B, L = (35.95)(4.25)(21.50) = 3285 kN load soil reaction +column loads _ 3285+3800 Average load = z z = 35425 kN So, modified average soil pressure, 35425 Semin ~ Au *) = 259 8.768 KN Ja? The column loads can be modified in a similar manner by multiplying factor 35425 = - 09322 3800 Figure (a) shows the loading on the strip and corresponding shear and moment diagrams. Note that the column loads shown in this figure have been multiplied by F= 0.9322. Also the load per unit length of the beam is equal to By daynesizay= (4-25)(38.768) = 164.76 KN/m. SI289KN 180896KN«1S0BSBKN 972 B9KN 025 n 0.25 m Tm. Tm. Tm. A F 16176 N/m Shear (unit: KN) 821.65 urs? ve7s7 (@) Suip AGHFStrip GIJH: In a siailar mannet = foun * deat) _ 38643014 519 EN ym? - 2 Total soil reaction = (31)(8)(21.5) = 5332 KN Total column load = 4000 kN Average load = eee = 4666 KN 2712 KN/m? Foxwoaites) = (3 sof 4666 F=—— = 11665 000 The load, shear, and moment diagrams are shown in Figure (b). S8325KN «ITM075KN TAO TBKN © S8S.25KN 025 nl 025 m Tm. Tm. 1 a ez 21TEN/m 99017 15958 529 54.256 Shear (unit: KN) 54.256 529 75958 ae (b) Stip GUH -61-Strip JCDJ: Figure (c) shows the load, shear, and moment diagrams for this strip. 3924kN 1046 444N 1046-44 kN 905 2 kN 025 m| jo25 m Tm. Im Am ¢ > 129 8kN/m 348 65, 41081 2297 Shear (unit: kN) 664.56 4.96 406 Moment (unit: KN-m) 1619 (© Strip IcDy Determination of the Thickness of the Mat: For this problem, the critical section for diagonal tension shear will be at the column carrying 1500 KN of load at the edge of the mat [Figure (d)]. So b= (ose) (05+) +05+a =1S+2d U=6.A\(9x034)/F'] U = (1.7)(1500) = 2550 KN = 2.55 MN eee _| mat 2.55 = (15+ 2d)(d)[(085(034)v207] or 15+2d)d)=194; d=068m 7 7 OS +d/2 @ -62-Assuming a minimum cover of 76 mm over the steel reinforcement and also assuming that the steel bars to be used are 25 mm in diameter, the total thickness of the slab is h= 0.68 + 0.076 + 0.025 = 0.781 m = 0.8 m ‘The thickness of this mat will satisfy the wide beam shear condition across the three strips under consideration Determination of Reinforcement: From the moment diagram shown in Figures (a), (®), and (©), it can be seen that the maximum positive moment is located in strip AGHF,, and its magnitude is Mi =" =" = 4065 KN- m/m _ 119619 _ oo From Eq. (635): M, =(M’Yload facto) = ¢4,4,(4-$) M For the positive moment, M, = (4065)(17) = (6X4, )(413.7 x vo00 ose ~ 4) $= 0.9. Also, fiom Eq. (6.36): Ate (ANAS) = Se Hab oO TID So 4, = 008250, 0.0425a 69105 =(o9y042say413,700( 068 - } or a = 0.0645 So, A, = (0.0425)(0,0645) = 0.00274 mé / m= 2740 man?) m Use 25-mm diameter bars at 175 mm center-to-center [4 provided = co90 2222) = 28057 mm? / a Similatly, for negative reinforcement M, = (281317) = GA, A137 x 1000{o88- 4) $=0.9. A, =0.0425a. So 63.0.04254 47855 = (093008254 x4197 x 1000) 068 ora 04s So, 4, = (0.045)(0.0425) = 0.001913 m?/m= 1913 mn? /m Use 25-mm diameter bars at 175 mm center-to-center 14, provided = 1924 mm?] Because negative moment occurs at midbay of strip JCDJ, reinforcement should be provided. This moment is Hence, 104256 M, = (68.22)(1.7) = (0.9)(0.0425a)(413.7 x 1000068 ~ ’ ora ~ 00108 A, = (0-0108)(0.0425) = 0.000459 mi? / m= 459 mm? / m Provide 16-mm diameter bars at 400 mm center-to-center [A, provided = 502 mm? For general arrangement of the reinforcement see Figure (e). in strip ICD] (rot to sale © 611 Eq. (6.45): eon( SE) =5 2524) 14min Pea ORE/ eee asa °6.12 6.13 B=30f; 1-708. Eq. (6.48): k= From Problem 6.11, kg, 9) = 14.9 Ib/ in? aust + os 32)] = 124 biin? a 12.1 1b/ in. From Eq. (6.48): of) yon Kol! 4 _ Iss Kea rafal) 1 135 Fuso) = feat. Bo isunsm? te -65--66-WM 72 CHAPTER 7 K,= (1 ~sing’(OCR)*#= (1 sin30)(2)* = 0707 Atz=0f: 0%=0 Atz=12 ft: 0%= K,o% = (0.707)(108 x 12) = 916.27 Ib/ fu =0 So from Eq. (7.5): Be (j}ors2ncay = 5497.5 Ib/ft K,= (1 = sin35)(1.5)"™* = 0.538, Eq. (7.5): P=R+R = aK Hd yPK, = (20)(0538)(3.5) + za 82)(35)? (0538) = 37.66 +5997 =97.63KN/m (31694129) -S9OMANI6) a K,=1-sin34=0.44 Atz=Om: 04=K,0%=(0.44)(20)=8.8 KN / m? Atz=2m: 04> (0.44)[20 + (2)(15 5)] = 22.44 KN / me; w= 0 Atz=Sm 0%, (0.44)[20+ (2)(15.5) + G)(18.5 ~9.81)] = 33.91 KN/ a? w= (3)(9.81) = 29.43 KN/ mi? -61-14 88 on (KN / my u (KN / m2) 0; P, = Ay + Ay thy $y thy = 17.6 + 13.64 + 67.32 417.21 + 44.15 = 159.92 KN/ m 76X4) +1364) B67) + (673215) + 07210 +4450 _ 1.99 159.92 zt rr aK, ~ a'(a5-2) K,=1; =0 The pressure distribution diagram is similar to that shown in Figure 7.5c. Atz=Oft: 2eVK, = ~(2)(500)(1) = -1000 tb / #2 Atz=18ft: 9,=-yzK,~2cvK, = (120)(18)(1) - 1000 = 1160 Bb / fe? bs Be. (1995 2 = Pee = PHE00) 0! TK, (120,00) ¢. Before crack: Eq. (7.10): Bau K, 2214, =(Zr29097@)-@xs00\a) F) = 1440 Ib/ftAfter crack: Eq. (7.12): R= if aiclo ~2eJK,) = F08~839108(120)0)-(2}800K0)}= 5608 Ib/ ft 7S Eq. (7.12): cpa K,= tan (45- $) = tne(15~28)- 028; VK, = 0625 ay, i [os aa toraxe9020 (2)(15(0.625)] (3618)(4398 - 1875) = 45.64 kN/m el 2 76 K,= ta? (45-34) = 0283 Atz=Om: 0,=K,0%=(0.283)(20)=5.66KN/ nr; u=0 Atz=2m: — 9,=(0.283)[20 + (2\15.5)] = 14.43 KN/ ms u=0 Atz=5m: © g,=(0.283)[20 + (215.5) + 3(185 -9.81)] = 21.81 KN/ mi? = (3)(9.81) = 29.43 KN / mi? The pressure diagram is shown on the next page -69-17 5.66 of, N/m?) u(KN/m?) 0 0 ‘ 2 ® 5 29.43 2 (m) P,=A,+A,+ 4st Ayt ds = 1132 +} Q)C14.43 ~ 5.66) + (14.4393) +4 @)Q21 81 - 1443) +4@294=11 32+ 8.77 + 43.29 + 11.07 + 44.15 = 118.6 KN/m z= (4132)(4) + (8.77367) + (4329)(L5) + (11.071) + (44.15)() _ 1186 IK, ay = 0637 Atz=0ft: o=0 42K = (107)(8.2)(0.283) = 248.3 Ib / A? 17K) 204] Kaay = (107)(8.2)(0.406) — (2)(209)(0.637) = 35622 ~266.27 = 89.95 Ib/ ft? Atz=8.2ft (toplayer): — o4= Atz=82 ft (bottom layer): Atz=23 ft: 9/=[(107\(8.2) + (140 -62.4)(148)](0.406) — (2)(209)(0.637) = 822.5 — 266.27 = $56.23 Ib/ f? -10-u = (62.4)(14.8) = 923.5 Ib/ ft? ‘The pressure diagram follows: oa (Ib/ ft?) u(Ib/ fi) 2(8) P, = Area of pressure diagram 1+2+3+4 = 1018 + 1331 +3450 + 6834 = 12,633 Ib/ ft = 12.6 kip / ft 78 a f =32°a=5° K, = 0.311 (Table 7.1). 0% = y2K,- Atz=2m: — o= Q(18.2(0.311) = 11.32 KN/ me Atz=4m: 0, =22.62KN/m Atz=6m: 0% 33.96 KN/m? Atz=75m: 04= 42.45 KN /m? b. Pe= 4 YHK, =} (18.2)(7.5)40.311) = 159.2 KN i+sing’ (2250) I-sing’ 115 79 Bq.(724): z -% Te7:10 7 (250) 152) Atr=22f: 2,5 For = 25°, «= 10°. From Table 7.2, K, = 0.296, So Atz=22 ft: 04= yz K, cosa: =(115)(22)(0.296)cos10 = 737 5 Ib/ 3 (737 5)(22 — 6 82) = 5598 Ib / ft a. Eq. (7.25): Py=4 K.yH?. 8'/9'= 20/30 = 2/3; a = 10°; B= 85°; f= 30° Table 7.4: K, = 0.3857 - Py =4 (0.3857)(105)(12)' = 2916 Ib / fe Acts at a distance of 4 ft from the bottom of the wall inclined at an angle of 20° to the normal drawn from the back face of the wall. s 89 '= 15/30 = 1/2; a = 20°; B= 85°. Table 7.5: K,= 0.4708 P, =4 (0.4708)(105)(12) = 3559 Ib / ft Acts at a distance of 4 ft from the bottom of the wall inclined at an angle of 15° to the normal drawn to the back face of the wall. Eq. (7.29): Pac = 5 YE ~ hy Ke For k, = 0.2, 6/$’= 2/3, $’ = 30°, a = 10°, and B= 85°, K, = 0.454 (Eq, (7.30)] Pas 4 (18.2)(5)4(1 ~0)(0.454) = 103.3 KN Eq (7.25): P= KyH? For 5/’= 2/3, $’ = 30°, w = 10°, B= 85°, K, = 0.3857 (Table 7.4) = 4 (0.3857) 18.2)(5)? = 87.8 N/m AP,. = 103.3-87.8 =15.5KN/m -T2-Eq. (7.33): O6H(AP,,) + a Pa cascs0s5 +(3}s78) : pee = Caan pagn ae 187m 712 enrsGe y | ow | x |on | Sr | ep, (deg) (KN / m*) (Table 7.7) } (KN /m) 35 0.5 17.5 03 0.231 129.36 35 OSs 175 04 0.249 139.44 35. 0.5 17.5 0.5 0.269 150.64 7.13 Fora fiictionless wall, 6’= 0; hence, m= 1 (Eq. (7.40)]. For rotation about the top, fiom Eq. (7.41) oxte)= ra (45-2 (ee For rotation about the bottom, from Eq. (7.42) 4 (z)= | oo, (2) = yz tan’ (2% = [5(2)= top] + [a5 (2) — bottom] 2 5 (2) eansaion With y= 16 KN /m’, $’= 30°, and H/= 6 m, the following table can now be prepared. 2 | ax(@)-t0p | 04(2) bottom | 7. Oras Ga) | aN/m) | Germ | dem 15 16.01 8 12.01 3.0 20.59 16 18.30 45 18.50 24 21.23 6.0 12.64 32. 22.32 Be714 a. ky taw(458) = 054-1 Atz=Oft: 0,=0,K,+2cVK, = 0+ (2)(500)(1) = 1000 Ib /f Atz=18f: 0, = (120)(18)(1) + (2)(500)(1) = 2160 + 1000 = 3160 Ib / ft? The pressure diagram is similar to Figure 7.21 b. Bq. (7.47): = HK, + 2obVR = 3 (1203(18)%(1) + (29(500)(18)(1) = 19,440 + 18,000 = 37,440 Ib/ fe? a elk \(Z}+(0"*)( 3) (18,000)(9) + (19,400)(6) B 37,440 = 7.44 ft from bottom of wall TAS Kygy™ tar(454 4) = tan'(45 + 19) = 4.2; Kya, = tan?(45 + 12.5) = 2.463; Kya =157 Atz=0: of=0 Atz=8 ft (in first layer): 0, = 742K, = (110)(8.0)(4 2) = 3696 Ib / = 3.7 kip/ f? Atz=8 ft (in bottom layer): 0% = 742K) +203 Vay = (110}(8)(2.463) + (2(209)(1.57) = 2824 Ib/ f = 2.82 kip / #? Atz= 24M: 0% = [(110)(8) + (140 ~ 62.4)(16)](2.463) + (2)(209)(1.57) = 5882 Ib/f? = 5.88 kip / ft? 1 = (16)(62.4) = 998.4 Ib / ft? =0.998 kip / A? “74The pressure distribution diagram is shown below. o'p (kip / ft?) u (kip / 2) 0.998 2(f) 2(f) P, = Area of pressure diagrams 1 +2+3+4= 14.8 + 45.124 24.48 +798 = 92.38 kip / ft TA6 Kc = tan?(45 + 14) = 2.77; VR cy = 1.664; K, = 2.04; VEp a) = 1.428 Atz=0f: — 0%= 2% Kay = (2)350)(1.664) = 1164.8 Ib/ f ~ 1.165 kip / Atz=82 fi (intop bayer): 05 = 1.2K yqy+2e} Ray = (107(8.2)(2.77) + (2)(350)(1.664) = 3595.2 Ib/ ft = 3.6 kip / ft? Atz=82 ft (in bottom layer): 0%, =(107)(8.2)(2.04) + (2(100)(1.428) = 2075.5 Ib/ ft? = 2.1 kip / #2 Atz=23 A: 0% = [(107\(8.2) + (125 ~ 62.4)(14.8)](2.04) + (2)(100)(1.428) = 3965.5 Ib/ ft? = 3.96 kip / ft = (62.4)(14.8) = 923.52 Ib /£ ~ 0.923 kip / 75.The pressure diagram is shown. 1.165 o> (kip / ft) u (kip / fi?) 82 23.0 3.96 0.923 + 2(f) z(f) A +A,+Ay =4 (1.165 + 3.68.2) +e 1+3.96)048) +4.14.8)¢0.923) = 71.21 kip / ft TAT 7.18 6'= 20°; $= 40°; $'16'= 0.5; K,= ; K,= 0.2. From Figure 7.28, Ky = 8.73 7 y Ee = [[E)ex0 8 »| Spegp 7 1338 KN/m81 CHAPTER 8 Refer to the diagram. Table 7.1. 6 = 34°; a= 10°; K,= 0.294 =duny,k, =f Peas Ka x 1000 P, = P,sinl0* = 1.42 kip / ft P, =P,cosi0" = 8.06 kip/ ft Refer to the table on the next page. (@ran?ain(e2s4 11 = 818 kip/ ftee ee Moment arm | Moment Section Weight fiom C about C (kip / ft) () (kip-ft /#) 1 .5)(18)(%,) = 4.05 575| 23.29 2 VACLOMI8)(y.)=135 | 4+26(1)=4.67 63 3 (12.5X2.75\¥.) = 5.156 6.25 32.23 4 | BHO) oorn=1301 | 4+25+8-95 | 1236 C P,=142 ws[ 17.75 24.986 203.17 M, == @06(28) = 506 kip-ft/ ft B= 125 —(2)(0.464) = 11.5728 G47 CSN FaF a+ Ny Fed 5 BN FysFy From Table 3.3, for 6; = 18°, N,= 13.1; N, = 5.26; N, = 4.07 4 Fy =1404{—— J 21, a (asa) ce “1882 = (4)(0.110) = 0.44 kip / £? Faxt+03i( 35) 1107 1788 F,=|1-——] = : ( fF) H'=25.45 ftTable 7.1. {= 36°; a= 5° K, = 0.262 1 5 san" (1100262) a =(A% ooo 92 f gt WK, = 1000 29 kip / ft P,=P,sinS” = 0.813 kip / ft P,= P,c0s5" = 9.29 kip /f Refer to the table. Note: 7,= 0.15 kip/f Moment arm ‘Moment Section Weight from C about C (kip / #) @&) (kip-ft / ft) 1 QL.) = 3.3 625 20.63 2 VAC.25\22y.) =2.063 | 45+ 46(1.25) = 5.33 i 3 (14.75)2.75)(4,) = 6.086 7315 |__ 44.87 4 Bent 2427 @yoriy=1967 | 4.54225 4 =1075 | 211.45 P,=0813 14.75 11.99 ( 31.93 1299.94 M, = 2-224). 7881 kip- ft 29994 FS, =———— i ota 78S 3.8) Evin 0(3 he es 6 a 193) swe Ja) FS cesses) = P,cosa = 1.66 B_EM,-=M, _ 29979-7881 7375-———_"" = 045 8 3193 EV(,, 6e\_ 3193], , (6045) ae 7 = 2a (0043) ) 9 56 kip / Go aR 1+) 1475!" 1475 mele83 B’= B—2e = 14.75 — (2)(0.45) = 13.85 ft Gam CSN FeaFat Ny Fey +B Ny Fak y For $3 = 15°, N, = 10.98; N, = 3.94; N,.2.65 4 =14+04—*_)=111 fae (ss) . rm (Ber A ‘ sepa Peleg tome ee Rak ( 4) ( 2) 0672 q= (4(0.12) = 0.48 kip / £2 16.22 Fy = +02) = =1085; F, -(-42y'» 4. (1.09(10.98)(1.115)(0.672) + (0.48)(3.94)(1.085)(0.672) + 0 = 9.606 kip / #2 = fx 2608 _ 3.05 FS, eect gt 56) K,=0.26;H’=73 m P=SWHIK, = 4.18.08)(7.37026) = 12525 kN /m P,= 125.25 KN/ m; P,=0 meemc | tet Section Weight arm from C N/m) (a) (KN / m) 1 (O3N6-5\y) = 4598 |08+03+015=125| 5748 2 4(0.3)6-5)(¥.) = 22.99 0.8+02=10 29 3 (3.4)(0.8)(y.) = 64.14 17 L 109.04 4 (6.5(2(18.08) = 235.04 24 | 5641 5368.15 2753.52 -81-H=73m 4 0.8m i-08m l¢#— 20m—» tT M, = «2s2s(73)- 304.78 KN-m 75352 304.78 368. 15yaq (2) +3 4(2}e0 FS ing =$——" ag + — = 1.06 12525 FS,paneniag) = =247 34 75352--304.78 ee _ 368157, , (481) _ 2 au 4 34 | = 2001928 mi B=B-26=3.4- (2)(0.481) =2.438 m Go CN Fea ON, FusFy* BN FyaP Fy 21+ of B)-212525) _ vane (Be) ee > 2 =F, -(1-82) = 0626; #-(1-82) = 0064 90 15 Gu = (30)(10,98)(1.246)(0.626) + (1.5)(19.65)(3.94)(1.181)(0.626) F, + F.9.65)@ .438)(2.65)(1)(0.064) = 346.85 kN / m? 346.11 34685 FS pening) =U, 7 a0019 1.73 8.4 — Refer to the figure. $= 32% H’=6.8m K,= wat (45- 2) = 0307 R= R= t1HPK, (165)(68)?(0307) =1171KN/m Refer to the table. Section Weight Moment arm from C | Moment about C (N/m) (a) (KN-m/m) 1 FON.) = 14148 3.77 533.38 2 (0.6)(6)(y,) = 84.89 28 237.69 3 141.48 1.83 2589, 4 | 6.85)(0.8)(y,) = 110.35 2.925 3228 5 Faxonss) =99 443 438.57 (eee | 6 (0.75)(6)(16.5) = 74.25 5.475 405.52 2651.45, 2196.86 -83-= Val 2 is } ( 4B (651.45) tan(14 66) +| (3}oxs95 ed ; 2, ee ira pees a 85 oF From Table 7.4, for ¢/ = 32°, a = 0; B= 7157°; K, = 045; 6 = 2133° i B, $065 (68)'(045) = 17167 KN/ m, B, = 17167 cos(21.33 + 18.43) = 13197 KN/m P, = 17167 sin(2133 + 18.43) = 1098 kN/m e2133° 6m 227m 15m] | ae i £ = 147 Lt =0.4 tan 71.57 oe Refer to sections in the figure shown for Problem 84Weight | Moment arm fiom C | Moment about C Section | (KN/m) (a) (KN-m/m) 1 141.48 3.77 533.38 2 84.89 28 237.69 3 141.48 1.83 258.9) 4 11035 2.925 3228 te P, | 1098 4611 506.29 $588 $1859.06 7 Mo = P, 2 qai97{B)=259 BKN-m/m 1859.06 FScovmenind = 35913, (588) tan(14.66) +, (Z}aoxse5 =2, 13197 . i= 35° 15 Ib/ He pepe te 1st It ish 2 -85-K, ~1an?(45-$.) = an(45-22) 027 ( 4(115)(14)2(027) = 30429 Ib/ fe 3043 kip / Ley? P, gray K, Moment Area Weight ‘Moment arm from C’ about C (kip / ft) (f) (kip-ft / ) 1 FONIaX7.)=09 15+2q)=217 1.953 2 (1.5)12)(¥) = 2.7 15+1+0.75=3.25 8.775 3 Fonaryy=45 Ise t4ts43 25515 a ANY) =3.3 18.15 5 FONI2KO115) =345 sets 2)= 733 2529 a 6 | 2402\(0.115)=2.76]1.5+1+15+5+1=1000 276 517.61 £107.28 = My C -(Joos = 142 kip-ft 10728 FS, = REE 755 onsteni) = Tyg = 7 Ev eal 245) + zren(Go:) +25) i creo Serf oo +an(? Jo) 7 =3.66 FS sap) = re aaa Plenanetas 043 87 b= 6 fsa’=5 fi; q=2000Ib/ Som | % b/f) 1000* 666.7" 540.5” 476.2" -86-4-040, (0.1420) Refer to Figure 8.24 pom 28)-mr(E)-m)-f) woo (ae) $a 28 ot K, = tanf(45 ~ 15) = 1/3; 7, = 105 Ib / f°; q = 2000 Ib / 88 Eq. (829): M=14-— = 0543, So use M= 1.0. z lom-Ke) @ | B | oig* | o= ont Ora @ | Gost) | Gee) | ee) | cot) (bk?) 3 175 | 9787 | 1536 | 4877 662.7 10 | 350 | 3935} 1677} 193.1 543.1 13 | 525} 2903 | 1445] 1553 6303 20 | 700 =| 276] 1211] 812 7a12 *Bg. (8.28) 89 8 K, tan (5-8.) =a? oo = 02827 wh, (4.75)G8,000) ee b. Eq. (8.38). Atz=0, F8,m)S/Sy(Ko72) Le Haas - #) + (2wtang})(2) 2 = G0)tan(45—17) + DO2LNDOD 43.59 of Joana 4.2K, =4 19)G0?\0 2827) = 15,138.5 Ib/ 810. a. Check for overturning: P, -87-M,=P,2'= asises (22) =1s13es Ib-ft~ 151.4 kip-ft/ ft; L=43.528 2 2 Eq. (B41): M, = cay 4)- any (2) Comes. = 3,380,773 lb-ft = 3381 kip- ft /ft 3381 FS cocaine) = 514 7 2233 b. Check for sliding: Eq. (8.43): ritae(2 44) b. Check for bearing capacity: = 25°. From Table 3 3, N, = 20.72; N; = 10.88 @ 193004050) (2}o0] 15,1385 FS cect = = 429 , 1 n Ga" AN AZ BLN, 43.52 ~ (2 x 0.97) = 41.58 ft 9u= (650)(20.72) +har6arseyio 88) = 13,468 + 26,238.6 = 39,706.6 Ib/ f Goan = KH = (11930) = 3570 Ib / pa ARS rSy FS] _ (11924 ,028273)(4) 8 he TEGO) OtSE H.) , FSpSvSy(Ker2) (3X{0.2827(3)(4) L= Hitan| 45~£1 |, errno = 17) + O22 DOM) : 2 } Cawiang, Xe) OD AAS-1D+ of ana 2 ( = 40.33 ftB12 G5 = 30° K, = tan(45 — 30/2) = 0.333, 8.48): §, =——92__ ee 72K, [FS] 16 Atz=H=6m:; S,=———6____ t= H= 6m: Sy = 703305) 336m =z _ , SK.[FS~)] wn 45 Gi) tang, 2 ao 6, (0336)(0333)(15) ‘Atz=0 (maximum length); L = 6 —_ 4 033603309) fete), 2tan( 2x30) L = 3474+023=3.7m SKS] _ (0336K0333K15) _ 9145 m Eq. (852): h =F ¥ 3 --Use 1 m srao{ 220 3 8.13 Check for overturning: F159)(6)(0333) =953 KN/m Mo = P,$=1906KN- m/m Use L= 3.7 forall depths : . 1, =H. OUED _ 7 653 KN-m/m 653 FScccantw “ggg = 48 Check for sliding: iti 26;) FS adap = = A59N6)3THta020) _ 4 45Check for bearing capacity: For $/= 20°, from Table 3.3, N, = 14.83; N,=5.39 =2_Ma=Mo _ 37 __653~1906 _ AAs er ae SOKORT) a L’ = L~2e=3.7 ~ (0.54) =2.62m dun =O4N, +indy, = (551483) +4.468)262)539) = 9343 KN/m? 9343 FSecctsomen) = Gsoy 6-29 Note: _FS against sliding is below acceptable values, so increase L to about 8 m.CHAPTER 9 9.1 a. Referto Figure 9.7 in the text. L, = 4m; L)= 8m = AGA KN / m5 Yq = 18.2 KN/ m’; P= 32° ¥'= 18.2 -9.81 = 8.39 KN/ im? K, wtan*(45-22) 030% k,=tn'(15+%2) 3255 9% YL, K, = (16.1)(4)(0.307) = 19.77 KN / mn? G2 = (Yl + 1/L)K, = ((16.1)(4) + (8.39(8)](0.307) = 40.38 KN / 4038 = @3n 255-030 1 ™ P=4(4Y(19.77) + (819-71) +5 (8)(40.38 - 19.77) +4.(1.63\(40.38) = 39.54 + 158.16 + 82.44-+32.91 = 313.05 KN /m P@)= o9sn(oes + 4) + (15816)(5.63) + (82. aa(iss + 5) -{22)oasy 05 = (ht 11DK + 71K -K) = [(16.1)(4) + (8. 39)(8)](G 255) + (8.39)(1.63)(2.948) = 468.4 KN /m? 4684 Bose 1(8)(31305) ae 210125 7 = (@39)(2.948) — (6(313.05)[(2(547)(839)(2.948) + 468.4) _ (839)? (2948)? — (313.05)[(6)(5.47)(468.4) + (4)(313.05)) _ (839)? (2948)? = 850744 4, A Li + 18.9423 ~ 101.2513 ~ 2268.94L, - 8507.44 = 0; L,= 11.68 m D=Ly+L,= 1.63 + 11.68= 13.31 m b. Total length = 4 + 8 + (1.3)(13.31)=29.3 m a 2P__ [ GxGTRO5) _ © aR) ~Ve30005 7 ™ Man = PE+2")-27/'2(K, ~K,) = 21309647 +5)-2639)5)° 2.948) = 2762 KN-m/m 92 a. Referto Figure 9.7 K= ta’ (45~ £) (45-15) =~ = 0333; K, = tan?(45+15)=3 3 of =7,K, =07390($} =173 ev nt 5 =, +7 L)K, =1073)3) + (19.4 ~ 98101 = 3648 KN/m? P= Areas of | +2 +3 +4=25.95 + 103.8 + 57.54 + 26.01 =213.3 KN/m93 (2595)(8426)H(1038)(4.426) + (57.54\3.426) + (2601095) 2133 _ 218.65 + 459.4 +19713 +2471 ae 2133 ze =422m Eq. 911): 0% = (pL) + ¥Ly)Ky + ¥L3(K,—K) = (17.3 x3 + 9.59 x6)(3) + (9.591 426)(2.667) = 364.79 KN / mi? 364.79 Ba. 0.17: 4 @sqa.667) 476 pw 2133) Eq. 9.18): “7 (9.59)(2.667) fy = (ABN 422Y9 592.667) +3649) _ Eq. (9.19): (9.59)*(2.667) 1136 = 21331((4-22)(364.79) + (4)(2133)] _ Eq. (9.20); 44 6.592.667 3290 Eq. (9.16): Li-+ 14.2613 - 66.72L3 - 11362, ~ 3290=0;2,=9m D=L,+L,=1.426+9 = 10.43 m b. Total length = 3 +6 + (1.3)(10.43) = 22.56 m a) 2P _ { @@133)_ ce. Eq. (9.21): Rene 2.667)(939) 4.08 m Eq. (9.22): Mom = (2133422 + 4.08) — [Fosoxs 08)7(2. on|(4) = 177039 ~28958 = 1480.9 kN-m/m K, = tan'(45 — 17.5) = 0.271; K, = (45 + 17.5) =3.69 -93-Bq. (9.24): 04 = yLK, = (108)(15)(0.271) = 439.02 Ib/ f? IK, _ (150271) . Ly =e = SO 21 Bq. (928): 4s K,-K, 369-0271 er Eq. (9.29: P=L 05 L+ 5.04 Ly =4-(439.02)15) +5 (439.02) 189) = 3292.65 + 261 = 3553.65 lb/ft LQK, + Ky) _ 1920271) +369) _ 619 ft Fa. (930) 250 Ey ~ 3869-0271) Eq.(9.27): 03 = yLK,+ 7L(K,-K,) = (108)(15)(3.69) + (108 1.189)(3.69 - 0.271) = 5977.8 +439 = 6416.8 Ib/ #2 Eqs. (9.32) to (9.35): eee en OulOR 1K, ~K,) (108)(369- 0271) (8)(3553.65) (108)(369 — 0271) =1738 7699 6PL22/(K, - K,) +04] 7 (K,- KY = ((B553.65)1(2(6.19( 1083.69 0271) + 64168] _ = G05257 = 171834 P(6z0; +4P) s (B553.651(6 6.19 }(64168) + (4)(355365)] _ 559) 95 V(K,- KY 369.257" ae Eq. (9.31): L + 17.38L3- 76.9917 - 1718.34L, - 6581.95 = 0; L, = 10.7 Decors = Ly + Ly 1189 + 10.7 = 11.9 ft Maximum Moment: Similar to Eq, (9.21): 94+= [ 2P__ _ [G55365) _ PVR V sems 47 * Muu" PG +2) § HER, ~ Ke) = (3553.65)(6.19 + 4.39) ~ F(108)(4 39)°3.69 - 0.271) = 37,597.6 ~ 5,206.7 = 32,391 Ib-ft / ft 94 K, = ten'(45-£) = 0393, K,=3 04 = YLK, = (16.7)(3)(0.333) = 16.68 KN / ni? LK, oe) cr x, l= 2.667 P OL +5 0415 = F(16.68)3 + 0.375) =28 15 KN/m L2K,~K,y) _ (3)(0.666+3) _ 3K, -K) ~ @y26en 7” 04, = YLK, + 7L3(K, ~ K,) = (16.1)(3)(3) + (16.7)(0.375)(2.667) = 150.3 + 16.7 = 167 KN /m* pecan, Peep eign ATK =K) denasen 8P (8)(28.15) =5056 ie 1(K,-K,) (672667) 1» SPIZEY(K, ~ Ka) +05] _ (6(2815)[(2X{1.375)(16.7(2.667) + 167] _ 94 65 7K, - KY [a67\2667)} 1, P(O5+4P) _ (2815){(6(1375K167) + (4)(2815)) _ 9115 17K, -EY [62667 = Li, + 3.7513 - 5.05613 - 24.65L, 21.15 = 0; L, = 28m Decoy = Ly + Ly = 0.375 + 2.8 = 3.175 m= 3.18 m -95-: IP [OCI yy (K,-K,)y (2.667167) Mon = P+2) ~2 HEM, ~ Ky) = (28.15)(1.375 + 1.12) 406 T)(1.12)2.667) = 70.23 — 10.43 = 59.8 kN-m /m 95 a. Referto the following figure: 91 = 1256S '2 = 24.04 KN /m? 05= 43.8 KN/ m] D=7n L4=1.79m > 4 07 = 188.13 KN / m? (gigas ed kK, san'(45-£) = nts = K, wa" (4542) = tan'45+15)=3 o> 2, K,= (15. N2A= 12.56 N/m? 04> (Hy + 1/12) = [5.T92.4) + (1739.81 (4.6) = 24.04 KN / me? , = Areas of | +2 +3 = 15.07 + 57.78 + 26.4= 99.25 KN/m (15.07)(5.4)+ (57.78)(2.3) + esa(*) 99.25 =2567m -96-e 96 a. BP +12c%) QL, +7'L) +20 Bq. (9.44); D*[4e~(yL; +7'L,)]-2DP, - =0 992519925 + (12292567) _ 9 D?[(4)(29) ~ 72.13] -2D(99.25) — Bid+ ON) 43.87D? -198.SD - 757=0;D=7m Length of sheet pile = 2.4 + 4.6 + 1.4(7) = 16.8 m Eq. (9.38): o, =4e-(7l; + ¥'La) = (429) - [(15.7(2.4) - (17.3 - 9.81)(4.6)] = 43.87 KN / i? P _ 99.25 pot = 9 Ba, 45): 2 = Th = G57 226m 2 2 Mau = Ble! 43) = (99.25)(2.26+2567) ~Gaaa = 479.08 - 112.04 = 367.04 KN-m / m of the wall K, = tant(45 — 18) = 0.26 0% = yl, K, = (108)(5)(0.26) = 140.4 Ib / £? 05 = (pL, + YL), = [(108)(5) + (60)(10)]0.26 = 296 4 Ib / ft Py = F140. 4) + (140.4)(10) +4(10)296, 4140.4) =351 + 1494 +780 = 2535 Ib/ ft cesn(10 + 3) + (1404)(5) + (780) 2 2535 =S4ift FR +1268) _ 9 Qh, +7) +2¢ Di [de ~ (yl, +Y'l)]-2DR, ~ 2535{2535+ (12541800)] _ 4 ? (108 x 10)] -2D(2535) - Fe cerita tg nae 10 GO 10) 11600D-246D~24.46=0; D=6.4 ft b. Length of sheet pile = 5 + 10+ 1.4(6.4) = 23.96 ft = 24 ft ©. a= (Yl, + ¥’L;) = 3200 ~ (540 + 600) = 2060 Ib / A 2535 => =13 ft 2060 og? (2060)(1.23)* 2 Maz = P(2' +%,)~ = 2535(1.23 +541) —. = 15,274 Ib-ft/ ft 9.7 K,=tanr(45 ~ $72) = tan'(45 - 352) =0271 Eq. (9.50): P= 4 PK, = 31640271) = 34.69 KN /m 2,=LB=43=133m Eq, (9.52): D*(4e~ yl) -20p, - A+ 126%) _ 9 ( We 34.69[34.69 + (12)(45\1.33)] DUA x 45) — (16)(4)] - (2(D)(34.69) - = [4 * 45) - (16)(4)] - 2(DV(34.69) 1X4) + 0X43) M6D? - 69.38D~ 169.6 =0 D=16m oz"? ai Eg. (9.54): Ma = Pz’ +%,)- @5=4e~ yh = (4 * 45)—(16 x 4) = 116 KN / mt Eq. (9.55): 2’ = 0299 m= 03m Men, = (3469)(1334 03) ~ OOS" = 5654 =522 = 51.32 kN-m/m 98.98 a. Refer to the figure. # = 34° oy = 19.244 KN/ mi? Zero shear -——~atthis depth a, = 42.65 KN / mi? 15=143 m| Ly=3.3m o's = 98.68 KN/ m=. K, ta’ (45-£) =0283, K, ta (45 {= vhs K,= (17)(4)(0.283) = 19.244 KN / m? G5 = (pL, + YLK, = [17)(4) + (19 -9.81(9)](0.283) = 42.65 KN / me? 1-26 42.65 v'(K,—Kq) (9193254) P= Area ofl +2+3+4=38.49+ 173.2 + 105.33 + 30.49 = 347.51 KN/m 143m z == [00849)01176 + (1732)(5.93) + (10533)(4.43) + (30.49)(0.95)] = 5.68 m 34751 Eq. (9.58): 3, -E+h RAISHG +h + byt ht) E41) rae om 9 Bp r1512Q +9 +143 -QOASVIG+9 +143) ~ (588+ 2) g (9.19)(3254) -99-99 a D+ 18.645 13 -235.32=0;2,=33m D=3341,=33+143=473 Eq. (9.56): of= 7 (K,—K,)La= (9.19)(3.254)(3.3) = 98.68 KN / mi? ‘The pressure distribution diagram is shown in the figure. Eq. (9.57): F= PSU (K,~K)L3) = 347 51 ~5 (9.19). 254)(3.3))] = 184.68 KN /m Priest = (1.3)\(D ier) = (1.3)(4-73) * 6.15 m For zero shear, use Eq. (9.60): o{L,-F+ o((@-L,)+4K, re-L,=0 Letz—L,=x FOtby- Fa ox hK, ye=0 (19.244)(4) ~ 184,68 + 19.244r +4 (0.283)9.19 0" =0 v+148x— 112.46 =0;x= 5.7m gox+L,=5.7+4=9.7m Taking the moment about the point of zero shear ey 4 Eiee ye dio Mon =-foin(=+4)+r009-o(5]+4 7 x(2) With 0 = 19.244 KN/m, L, = 4, x= 5.7, P= 184.68 kN/m Mog. * 759 KN =m / mo b tL + Daas 2449+ 6.15 = 19.15 m= 20m : I lH 91x107 A" s M,=So, | Ma Section] atm) fo] O°" er | 8? | e/a) [N/m | Hoe Pz-35 [493.4x10*| 20] __16.85x10* _|-2.773|260.5x10°| 547.05 _| 0721 Pz-27 [251.510] 20| 33.0510" __|-2.48i]1623x10°] 340.83 | 0.449 | -100-If loge and M,/M,., ate plotted in Figure 9.22 with the curve for loose sand as the separating line, it can be seen that PZ-35 will be sufficient; however, PZ-27 is not suitable. 9.10. a. Referto the figure. ¢/= 40" 260.88 Ib/ fi? L=10ft In=25 ft Zero shear ~ “at this depth o’2 = 625.02 Ib/ ft? o’g= 1970 Ib/ ft = ~£) -02174; , K,= ta 4s 7 02174 K, = tan’ (15+ 7, = yh,K, = (120\(10)(0.2174) = 260.88 Ib / £2 02> (yL,+ ¥°L2)K, = [(120)(10) + (67)(25)\(0.2174) = 625.02 Ib / 625.02 625.02 BA 1'(K,-K,) (61)(43816) P= Areas of 14243 +4=4, +4, +45 +4, L= = 1304.4 + 6522 + 4551.75 +665.65 = 13,043.8 lb/ft Ay (3046) + (Ay 14.63) + (4 )(10.46) + (4,142) — 13,0438 ea =101-D415 + ly +1) tht b)-E +I) g 7K, -K) 2D) +49723 -25433=0; L,=671f D=1y+1,=213+6.71=884 B. O5= 1K, —Ky)La= (671438166 71) = 1970 1b £? The pressure diagram is shown in the igure © F= Pay KK = 13,043, 8-H67)4 3816)(6.71)? = 6435 Ib / ft GAL Desa = (1-3)(Drgory) = (1.3)(8.84) = 11.49 ft For zeio shear: oj Ly-F + o(e—L,) +k, y@~L)'=0 Let @-L,) =x 3060 88)(10) — 6435 + (260.88)(x) +700 2174\(67)(2) = 0 +35 82x — 704.5 =0;x = 1428 i Hee 10 eee Man, =-Join(r enero -0(]-4 oy 5) With 07, = 260.88 Ib/ £2, Z, = 10 ft, x= 14.20 f, F= 6435 Ib/ A, Meg = 73,864 Ib-ft / ft = 8.86 10° Ib-in. / ft H" M, i H’ =— | Io} Ss M, = So, 4 (in*/f) |B) eae n2/) | lb-in. 78) Morax PZ-35 | 361.2 | 46.49] 0.000445 | -3.35] 485 | 1,212,500 | 137 PZ-27 | 184.2 | 46.49 | 0.000874 | -3.06| 30.2 755,000 | 0.85 H = L, +L, + Dyzu = 10 +25 + 11.45 9 ft; B= 29 x 10° Ib/ in?; uy = 25 kip / in? PZ-21 falls above the plot for loose sand in Figure 9.22, so PZ-27 may be used. Section 4 Lek From Figure 9.16, GD = 0.18; from Figure 9.19, CDL, = 1.144 2 L, =~ = 0167; g'=35°; —1-=_4_. 912 Tag 7 016% w= 35 0333 4 L+L, 448 -102-9.13 Eq. (9.61): D=(L, + L,)(GD)(CDL,) = (12)(0.18)(1.144) = 2.47 m b. From Figure 9.17, GF ~ 0.059. From Figure 9.20, CFL, = 1.071 +yT +2ylyLy _ (V6X4)?* + (185 ~ 98118)" + (2)(16)(4(8) +h) i2? = 1275 KN/ m? Eq. (9.62): F= Yq(Ly + L,)(GF)(CFL,) = (12.75)(12)?(0.059)(1.071) = 116 KN / m ¢. From Figure 9.18, GM/= 0.018, From Figure 9.21, CML, = 1.026 Myac™ Yo(Ls + L;)(GM)(CML,) = (12.75(12)(0.018)(1.026) = 406.9 KN - m/m Y = You~ Yo= 19.5 - 9.81 = 9.69 KN / im? ye Aytrh, EIA) = 1229 KN/ m? K oe a! CK, VoL = (0.68)(0.271)(12.29)(9) = 20.38 KN / m? B= ROY = (0.62038) = 12.23 KN/ me D +2oi{1-4)-2I1-2f4)]-0 pi +206, 1-72)- 2 -0f 3 ale =0 DP+15D-90=0;D = 4.6m F= Gt (L— RD) = (20.38)[9 — (0.6)(4.6)] = 127.17 KN / m -103-914 waco) ( L = 05203940) (1- oszsa) -(255)0- 59) - ane a. Refer to the figue. Z=3mb 1,=8m = 31.48 KN/m? =33.4kN/m* D=33 m| L_ wtanl 45-2.) n 026 K, =tan'(45 “) 026; K, ~tan'(s5+ ©) = 305, K,-K, =359 0% = 7, K,= (1730.26) = 13.26 KN / mn? 05> (Ly +7'L:) = (IN) + (19.5 - 9.81)(8)K0.26) = 33.4 KN/ m? P, = Ateas of | +2 +3 = 19,89 + 106.08 + 80.56 = 206.53 KN/m = 4989N(9) + (106.08)(4) + (8056)(2.67) _ 179.01 + 42432 +2151 =396m Eq. (9.75): ogD? + 204D(L, + 1,~ h)~2P(L, + L,—h-2) =0 06 = 40 (Yb, +9'L,) = (4)(40) - 128.52 = 31.48 KN / mt So, 31.48D? + (2)(31.48)(9.5)D — (2)(206.53)(3 + 8 — 1.5 - 3.96) =0 -104-or DP +19D-72.69=0;D=3.3m b. P\-a,.D=F 206.53 ~ (31.48)(3.3) = 102.6 KN/m 915 a Ky =tn'(45-Q)=o2174 0% = Yh, K, = (115)(8)(0.2174) = 200 Ib / ft? 03 = (ply + 7'LA)K, = [(115)(8) + (128 - 62.4)(20)](0.2174) = 485.24 Ib / P, =H obs + ola +Ho4— 07s =H(200K8) + (200)20) + (485.24 - 20020) = 800 + 4000 + 2852.4 = 7652.4 Ib/ ft ‘Taking the moment about the dredge line (at z= 1, + L,) AE, -(feun)(o +4) m(2)ofe: -oixt (4) 1652.43, = 20020 + 5) + caoon{22) + casza(2) 77,149.33 = 10.08 ft 7652.4 06> 4e— (yl, + La) = (4)(1500) ~ [(115)(8) + (128 — 62.4)(20)] = 3768 Ib / Eq. (9.75): o,D?+ 206 D(L, +L,-h)-2P\(L,+L,-h-%)=0 3768D? + (2(3768)(D\8 + 20 — 4) — (2(7652.4)[8 + 20-4 — 10.08)] =0 Di +48D~5654=0; D=1.15 ft b. F=P,—o,D= 7652.4 — (3768)(1.15) = 3319 Ib / ft 9.16 From Figure 9.33(a), for ¢” = 30°, the value of K, ~ 0.31 W = Hty cence = (3) =1875 lb/ft -105-917 Eq. 9-79): W+haAPK, sing’ 187544 (10¥5)°(031K05) Ksing' 2 oe 029 2 Ti 2 gH 2 (1105) From Figure 9.33(b), K,cosd’= 3.4 Eq. (9.78): PL=} YEP Kc0s8"~ Koos’) =4(110)(5)13 4 ~ (0.31)(0.866)] = 4305.9 1b/ ft Assume loose sand. Eq. (9.85): ae (4328.5) = 41443 Ib/ ft ley SB H+h 5+3 ee i Hah 019; B, = (0198) +4 = 552 = 0375. Referring to Figure 9.35(b), P= Pg B,= (4122.7)(5.52) = 22,757 Ib = 22.76 kip Eq. (9.82): 54 (w)™ 54 (os?) A (3) PBhH =| ggg] (17(BX03(09) = 52.39.8°” KN Ba) | P.=52.39B°? ON) 03 2 06 36.3 09 48.610.1 102 CHAPTER 10 Eq. (10.1): 0, = 0.6 YHK, = 0.65 yHtan*(45 — $12) = (0.65)(17)(6.6)tan"(45 — 35/2) = 19.46 KN / me 19.46 KN / m? Im 2m A By EM, = «is45ea(2) = = 4879 0 By =(19.46)(3) - 43.79 = 14.59 KN/m =m, (19.46)(35)| B,=(19.46)3.5) - 59.6=8.51 N/m Strut load at A = (43.79)(spacing) = (43.79)(3) = 131.4 KN Strut load at B= (B, + B,)(spacing) = (14.59 + 8.51)(3) = 69.3 KN Strut load at C = (59.6)(3) = 178.8 KN a, For the sheet pile, refer to the shear force diagram on the next page. -107-10.75 m->4 19.46 kN 14.59 KN (0.437)(8.51) = 1 86 KN - m/m; M=3(1 5)(29.18) » 21.9 KN ~ m/m 219 KN-m/m Sa 5 = 0.129 x 10° m? 70x10 INT x10 m? /m of wall 2 b. For wales, 4, = 25 fou = ea fou 103 K, = (45- #) 2M, =0 (6933?) 3170 x 10°) = 0.459 x10? m?/m 0217 0, = 0.65 7HK, = (0.65)(18)(6.5)(0.217) = 16.5 KN/ mi? 3 = LH raster ~108-16.5 KN/m? 16.5 KN/ im? Im j 2m tT 2m fism 7 c BB By = (16.53) - 37.13 = 12.37 KN/m Mao 16.53.85 cnt OY) ssn By = (16 53.5) — 50.53 = 7.22 KN/m Strut load at 4 = (37.13)(4) = 148.5 kN Strut load at B= (12.37 + 7.22)(4)= 78.4 kN Strut load at C= (50,53)(4) = 202 kN 104 Refer to the pressure diagram in Problem 10.2. The shear force diagram is given, — 1 m9 2 m —__} 2063 kN] 25.78 KN be 3" C 44.75 kN 722 kN ee 1.562 moe} 0.438 m 15m -109-It can be seen that M. will be maximum, Mc = 4(1.5)(24.75)= 18,56 kN - m 1856 8.56 KN 70x 10° ou 0.109 x 10° m? /m of wall 105 a H=8m,H,=3m,H.=5m Eq. (10.5): 7 Ait, +(H- H,)7 )= 107513) +(64082))= 17,94 KN/m?* Eq. (10.4): ¢ Ca = 1 [a75n)* tan 34) + (5)(075)(55)] = 19.53 KN / m? The pressure diagram will be like Figure 10.6 a -r[1 Also check g, = 0.3 y, H= (0.3)(17.94)(8) = 43.06 KN /n? =07900(1- 4.) = 654 KN/m? Use 0, = 65.4 KN / m? 106 a Bq.(10.6): ae = Fe USH2I25) + (10}1565) + (10,1670) = 1719 be Eq. (10.7): re = UII) + 4O}007) + 003109) = 108.6 Ib /f¢° 108.625) 7 = B82 _ 158. U: T7197 158. Use Figure 107. 0, = 0.3 YH = (0.3)(108.6)(25) = 814.5 Ib / ft? -110-107 2.1929 _ 394. Use Figure 10.7 e800 1-65 te 8 5 fR—P} 44.5 fe 65 ft} 2 (ee). G 9204 6s\(25+S3) Fa Seana a 10 = 65156 Ib/ ft B ~[o20sy25)+516549208)]-6s156= 4299.1 Ib / ft EM, =0 (et). 9204 6s}(4s+ = 3657.63 Ib/ ft c= (9204\(45) + 165x920 | 3657.63 = 347547 lb/ft 65156 = ( 5136)\q2)- ki Strut load at A (§ \ ) = 78.19 kip Strut load at B = (B, + By) 12) = PL TESTI) «93.99 kip Strut load at C= (3.657)(12) = 43.88 kip 10.8 Refer to the load diagrams in Problem 10.7. The shear force diagrams are given on the next page “il.10.9 4299.1 1b le— 5 te 10 8 ——_ 3776 13020.43 Ib — 3475.47 Ib 6372 1b) #— 8 —ie- 3-H Tt can be seen that Mygg = Mg = 34 67)(4299.1) = 10,038 Ib- f/f 10,038 Ib: leon 2 OC9 511, Use Figure 10.6 0,= 03H = 920.4 Ib / £8, or fe) a a 1-*£)- aoa | So, use 0, = 920.4 Ib/ 8? 6.5 ft-e— 85R— 11 t——_91Reactions at A and B, will be similar to those in Problem 10.7; that is, A = 6515.6 Ib/ ft, and B, = 4299.1 Ib/ft IM, =0 (9204). (2) Co eaaye 8 = (920.4)(11) ~ 6960.5 = 3163.9 Ib/ ft 960.5 Tb/ ft 65156 tk Strut load at A= (Ss 2) = 78.19 kip 42991431639 2)= 000 12) = 89.56 kip Strut load a2 = [ 69605 ‘Strut load at C= { 2° \(12y = 83.53 kiy strut load at (Sha 83.53 kip 028" + +. 5 141 10.10 Eq. (10.14): FS= Wi+g Given: c = 800 Ib/ ft?; g = 0; y= 118 Ib/ ft; H= 26 ft; and L = 30 ft aes v2 B grein Note: T > 2. 80 B” = J2B v2 6.14)(800)] 1+ (18X26) FS= -113-“11411 a Eq. (11.15): Q,=4,q/N," 4, = (0.46) = 0.2116 m? q = YL = (18,6)(20) = 372 KN/ m? NN, = 55 (Figure 11.12) Q, = (0.2116)(372)(55) = 4329 KN Check: Eq. (11.17): 2, = 4,91 = 0-SPaAyN, tang’= (50)(0.2116)(55)(tan30) = 335.96 KN = 336 KN Use Q, = 336 kN v Eq. (11.20) (for e’= 0): Q,= 4, TNs. 1,= 75; $= 30°; N“,= 45 (Table 11-5) -(238) : ea acat 19" q =372KN/ mv; K,=1-sing’=05 e [E92 Jom = 248 KN /m* Q, = (0.2116)(248)(45) = 2361.5 KN = 2362 KN c, Eq. (1131) (fre=0): 0,=4,9q'N, NN, = 18.4 (Table 11.6) Q, = (0.2116)(372)(18.4) = 1448.4 KN = 1448 kN 112 Eq.(1137) L’ =15D=(15)(0.46) = 6.9m <115-113 114 Atz=0, f=0. Atz=69m, f=Ko, d= (1.5)(18.6 * 6.9)[tan(0.6 x 30)] = 62.55 KN/ m? 2. Qeecaa (axadsyosy 23 Qs (2691020) = (4 * 0.46)(13.1)(62.55) = 1507.7 KN Q,= 397.1 + 1507.7 = 1905 KN Bib = A= 408; g'= 30" From Figure 11.15, N,’ = 23. Bq, (11.33): Q,~4,4°N,’ = (0.2116(372)(23) = 1810.5 KN With f= 4548, fom Figuie 11.19; K = 0.2 (extrapolation) Eq. (11.41): Q, tan(0.89") pL = (02( 85222) enaone x 0.46)(20) = 6095 kN On 19102-6095 OS EN a. Eq. (1113): Q,=4,4°N, = 35°; N,” = 125 (Figure 11.12) 2 2 -(& al (15x 80)(125) = 1,150,000 Ib = 1150 kip 12x12 Check: Eq, (11.17): . Ayr = (05x 2000) Bee) (125)(1an35) = 87,526 Ib ~ 87.5 kdp Use 87.5 kip b. 1,=75; $= 35% N," = 72 (Table 1.5); K,= 1 - sin35 = 0.426 -116-we eeaeea 15x 80) = 56795 Ib/f? Q, ABN, (B2y (5679.6)(72) = 408924 Ib ~ 408 kip ©. Bq. (1131): Q,74,q'N,. Ny #34 2 & 3) (115 80)(34) = 312,800 Ib = 313 kip 15 L’=15D= 15(12/12)= 15 ft Atz=15 ft, f= Ko',tand’= (135115 * 15)tan(0,75 « 35) = 1148.4 Ib/f? Qrowisty (+»2)as(384)- 34,452 Ib Opcce -(« 118 x 20=2360 ope 2360 + (60)(40) = 4760 2 202360) + J4oy2s60 +4760) Foy = 2766.7 Ib/ Length of pile = 60 ft = 18.3 m; A ~ 0.18 -119-Q, = PLALB ay + 2a) i = ia 4 56 enyo1sy27667 + (2y02333)]= 3014 kip ~ 301 kip Se fagry = (- sings) tan PRE yay, =(l- sinz0yean20)(2 x118%20) = 2826 Ib/ ft? 8526 Ib/ ft? Suey = = sn2o(anan (220) . 2. = PL foey + Eafe (e a](« x B)ene6 + (40)(852.6)] = 212 kip 1111 Bq. 11.59): dyanign ~ Sen = HAO 2980 bin? wy, = tan? 45+) - tan?(45 +25) — 3852 ‘ 2 2 ( Fucasion (Ny + 4, Eq (11.61): Qy 7 For HP 14 x 102, 4, = 30 in? (22803852 +1)(30) yeas = i 0oa) = OS kip (Quy + SQL _ [70+ (057)(110)\(50) L 63): Sq = = 170+ 057)110)160)_ 12 Bq. (11.63): say 4,5, (16x 16 in? )(3x 10° kip /in?) = 00086 f = 0.104 in GaP iy _ a Bq. (11.64): Sua) =p (1— A Ve _ {tok /_16 Pes > =}fe- 038?)(085) = 0.636 in. -120-113 14 241.665 Ay =(2¢} Past 30 Typ = 24035 13 Susy aiatsaaaile Ossazseae (16: : atl? Ja 038*)(4.13) = 0032 in. 5. = 0.104 + 0.636 + 0.032 = 0.772 im. (Quy + FQun LE : [98 (06)240)112 Eq. (11.63): Seay = 4,E, (0305)?(21x 10°) = 0.00148 m= 1.48 mm .D Eq. (11.64): 54) = S122), Bee 9810534 kN /m? 40 =A, 305" ea 1-037 = = 30,000 | 03)(085) = 0.0083 m=8.3 mm So, S42) Again, from Eq. (11.66) Say) (2 O-12)h, 1.224035 [E = 24035, 2 0305 240 (= 030512) So, Sas) = Je 03*)(42) = 0.00064 m= 0.64 mm 30,000, 48 +8.3 + 0.64 = 10.42 mm =o -+1(0305) = ' 1= 708? = 75 (0309)' = 00007 m -121-E,=21 «10° KN/ mi? pn gfBede _ ¢[@1%10°X0.0007) _ By (AD) P= gee = SRT OD = 1098 m 2-29 55 so, tong pile. M, =0. From Eq, (11.75) T 1098 Q,7* *@E,I, 24,2, 9, OFM, AO) ABs OTE Atz= 0, x, = 12. mm = 0.012 m; 4, = 2.435 (Table 11.13) = (0.012)(21 x 10°)(0.0007) _ 54 iN (2.435)(1098)° a ie i Check for moment eaptcity: Magus = Fe 2 2Fl, 2 wT From Table 11.13, the maximum value of 4, is 0.772. (2)(21,000)(0.0007) = DONO 0007) 1 25 = (0305,0.772\1.098) 1137 KN Use Q, = 54.7 KN 11.15 Check for bending failure: 0.0007 | _ “W305 |= 9639 KN-m 2 9639 6 Diya as) (0305)*(16) tan? (45415) = us) 4. 50 . te From Figme 1.54, with 5 = 0, 7122.Quq) = 50tan?(60)(0.305)*(16) = 68 kN Check for pile head deflection: mee 9200 a. A Ba (LS 9 = ermanyoaay 7°!™ al = (0.91)(30) = 273. From Figure 11.35a, for #l =273, ee Fen E ply) On)? Si = O15 22 2 0,= Xsan) (Eyl) (24)? 2012){(21%10°)(0.0007]5(9200)5 _ =7251N (O15)E (015)G0) Use Q, = 32.5 KN FH, 1116 Bag, (11.108): , = Ss, = 40 kip - = 40 « 12 kip - in; £= 0.85 = 290 12) Jar 10 = 2040 kip 2040 : Qu == G— = 340 kip EW,h Wy +h, S+C W,+W, 117 Q= W, = weight of (pile + cap)= Ree +24= 114 kip , =| 285X40%12) [Prgerae =11679 ki rt 124114 | are ee 10 -123-[@B5X40x12)90%12) _ 4, (2(294)30x 10°) Oy = = 227 kip 1—sin gy )7',H7 tand" 11.19 Eq. (11.116): 9, = PE abi Hh ne" = EADASD sn 29017 918) 2105229 _ 95. yx dH ted" 2 = (4x 0450)(1 ~ sin25)(19.8 - 9.8147) tan(05 x 25) 2 = 14.5KN (-#,) q (L= Hy) 1yHy) Hi, 11.21 Bg. (11.117): 4 ED th «) ine a y = Gena, 05x02) ee 1 2" a21-624)} 021-62.4) 2184 cen 43; 1, =30f -124-‘ Ej pi-sing,,, )y" tand Eq. (11.119): Qe = PU-Singy 7H, tandL, EA Se ene = (=x8ja — sin 28)(105)(12) tan(0.5 x 28)(30) + arte x Bye sin28X121 - 624) tan(05 x28) - = 56,434 Ib ~ 56.4 kip = 20h +m =2)d+4D 122 a 0 Pmt d= 0.92 m; D=0.46m. So ” [A OHO48 Lao = 70.7% (ax 046)(3)3) 1123 a d=12m -[ QVG+3~2)0.2) + 400.46) ogy n= [ena ae Gani TOaGNG foe 87.96% 046 HAD |* O@ + (2) 22] =076= 76.06% b. n=l 11.24 Piles acting individually: Eq, (11.123): DQ, = 210: [94,¢q) + ope, L] To obtain a: 3, = PED. 21665 KN /m? -125-11.25 = 0575. Figure 11.23: @ = 06 ( 2, = 3) off x 0.406" Jos +(0.6\(a x osnsxosey185] = (9)(111.62 + 13563) = 13,211 kN BEI 4404 un Qa = ae Eq. (11.124): PO, =L,ByeyyN, + 2E(L, + Bye, AL L,=B, =o-naa92 = (2)(0406) + =< en =1512m Lys, £185 BoE Bo iia 712% From Figure 11.44, 0; =9. $0 LQ, = (1.512)(1.512)(95.8)(9) + (2)(1.512 + 1.512)(95.8)(18.5) { = 1971.1 + 10,718.9 = 12,690 KN Qu 2g = 4230 kN individuall Eq. (11.123): LO,= mm [9A Cu) + @pe,L] To obtain a: = CO). 1350 1b/ 8? Figure 11.23: a =0.58 -126-- ooofolF-(8 ) Jas sos ~{Z)ooss} = (9)(6079 + 70,516) Ib = 689 kip ee Eq. (11.124): FQ, LyByeuyNe +20 (Ly + Be, AL =B, =o-nd+2{2)-= ves A)+1R= 68 8 75 From Figure 1144, N; =9 (OBEN 6+ 91860149) _ roar 4p 1000 =Q,= Qu ~B 2097 ~230 kip 11.26 Piles acting individually: LQ_= mm[WApeuyy * Gr PCuyLs + %PCoaybet spe, Ls) Depth | cy a C/o, a f)_| db/f?) (lb/ft) (Figure 11.23) 0-15] 550 {AUS - s005 0.64 058 15-35] 875 (52H C0129) =20625 | 0.424 07 fi (5x 115) + (20x 12)]] 35-55} 1200 | |+124%20) 33005 | 038 0.88 7 = 9) (ey (1200) (058/474 sso 20, =aaGxs =2313 kip +00 { 4x x — }(875\20) +: cosas x Ba20e0 -127-Piles acting as a group: Bq, (11.124): LO,= LyBycyyNe +200, + Bey AL 1,= 120+ 14= 134 in.= 11.178; B,=80+14=94 in = 7.83 ft From Figure 11.14, N, 1 [1117\(783(1200\857) + (211.17 +7.83)] * ©1000 |x (550)(15}+ (875)(20) + (1200)(20)] 28 = 578 kip Quy 11.27 The pressure distribution diagram is shown, -128-Layer a Ao’ + Ao" (KN /n?) (N/a) GN/ 1?) (15:72)@) + (18.55 - 981)G) 1 | +(3)(19.18 - 9.81) 217.42 =47.16 + 26.22 + 121.81 = 195.19 195.19 + (5)(19.18 - 9.81) 1335__ sq 2 + (2.5)(18.08 - 9.81)= 262.72 | (275123) Gccted 262.72 + (2.5)(18.08 - 9.81) isosenia . “+ (1.5(19.5 - 981)=29793| Qiseleyr | 30153 (08)(10), (217.82 Asn = "Tog 1 222) 0208 031 268.46 Asay = C200 jog 25848 = 00073 m = (0.26)(3) 5, (30153) _ = T 97 ss) 99024 m DAs, # 217.7 mm -129--130-124 122 CHAPTER 12 Bq. (12.20): Opney = 4p 9 (@NG - 1) q/ = Ly Y. + Ly , = (18)(100) + (10)(112) = 2920 Ib / Aya Ga GOP = 28.27 fF Eq. (12.21): N= 0.216% = 0.216% = 134.2 £18410 6 7 = 4.67. Assume approximately 5. » Figure 12.7; w= 0.83 Qppney = (28.27)(2920){(0.83 * 134.2) — 1] = 9,112,187-7 Ib = 9112 kip ~ 3037 kip Eq. (12.16): Opney = 4p9’(Ny ~ WF Poa Pe P= 35°. Table 3.3: N,= 48.93 Fy, = 1+ tang’= 1 + tan38 = 1.78 Fu ste zimg t—singy an Etta ina8? tan’ (28) = 1314 Eq. (12.9): 1, = 0Se28500{45-£)] 05 assco(45~38)]- 17247 Eq. (12.10): J, 201+ ,)q" tang" E, = 400p, = (400)(2000) = 800,000 Ib / ft? = 800 kip / A -131-123 124 ey g- Eq, (12.18): = 01409 # (cere OO eee * 2+ 0295)(2.92)(tan38) Eg.(12.19): A= 009{1- eye “|. ong 3282 ae 1354 ” “T+ (1354 x 0.00256) = 1354 = 10055 $0, 1, Ing. 80, Fee = Qyrey = 4p 7! (Ny ~ WF Fea Foe = (2.405\(116.7(23.18 ~ 1)(1.625)(1.361)(1) = 13,767 kN 13 3 ey = eee 3442 KN -133-126 a Q,=a'c,pL,=(0.4)(32)(7x 1)(4) = 160.8 KN B. O,= aiegyplL, ~ 1.5) = (0.55)(32\( 2 1)(4 ~ 1.5) = 138.2 KN 127 a Q,=A,cyyNt Ne=1.33fhn(,) +1) ua) _ 1800 _ yg Ps 2000 From Eq, (12.41) and Figure 12.15: , asf =215 10) NE=1.33(ln(237.5) + 1]=8.61 2, =F (5)°(1800)(8.61) =304,302 Ib = 304 kip BO, = aM eynply + a*Cy2,pLz = (0.4)( 1x 5)[(1000)(20) + (1800)(15)] = 295,310 Ib = 295.3 kip 128 a Eq. (12.46): 7 |. 33)) 2 2 4=6,(14024) covaonnf+02{ 3)] 36,000 Ib/ ft Check: 9¢, = (9)(2000) = 18,000 Ib / A? Use g, = 18,000 Ib / ft? a 8000{ Z}as = 9,4, =———S*4 = 173.18 kai Qrived = Ie Ay To00 ip 2134.s 129 a, s Q,= ai cupplLi - 5) + @icynPlla - D,) = (0.55)(m x 3.5)(1200)(25- 5) + (0.55)( x 3.5)(2000)(10 - 3.5) = 223,760 tb = 223.76 kip 2, _ 12318 e738 =1323 kip Bq. (12.32): g, = 57-5Nep = (57.5)(23) = 1322.5 KN / mi? Since D, >127 m, 9, = zi, = (Phorm = 839,79 KN/m? » settlement of base __25 Ds 2% 1000 =125% Figure 12.9: Using the trend line, end bearing 4, = 039 Te Qatgay = (039) fx 2 397 = 1028.9 KN Bqs. (12.30) and (12.31): O,= EfpAL, te * BO Cn (2a = 11875 KN/ m? 3 (B= 15—02442% = 15-248 (25) = 089 J; = (0.89)(118.75) = 105.69 KN /m? O, = (105.69)(# x 1)(12.5) = 4150.4 KN settlement 25 =25% D;, 11000 -135-Figure 12.10: Using the trend line side load transfer Df pAL Qures = (0-9)(4150.4) = 3735.4 KN 509 ©. Q,=1028.9-+3735.4 = 4764.3 KN 095 12.10 a. Eq. (1236): B= 20-00622;" = 0-co0sn #8) =1678 1 18 DApAL, = BBY DX) = (wall 18x x 1678 x3)(18) = 3023 kip 1000, 2 4,4, = 12N 9A, = (1229) x 4s) 55347 kip Q, = 3023455347 ~ 856 kip allowable settlement ___1___ » ago Dd, 2) From Figure 12.12a trend line, normalized size load ~ (0.95)(ultimate side load) allowable settlemer dD, From Figure 12.9 trend line, normalized end bearing = (0.4)(ultimate end bearing) Q= (0.95)(302.3) + (0.4\(553.47) = 508.6 kip 12.11 a AL,=20-5=15 ft; cq) = 1000 Ib/ AL, = 15~5= 10 ft; ¢,g) = 1800 Ib/ f? E/pAL, = (0-55)[(1000)( a x 5)(15) + (2800) x 5)(10)] = 472,593 Ib = 371.5 kip = «(1 +024) 7 eoxisoof1 +2(2)] = 25920 Ib/ ft? , Check: gy = 9c = (9)(1800) = 16,200 Ib / ft? -136-Use qy = 16,200 Ib / Q= 371s+162 2x *) = 689.6 kip p, allowable settlement _ re From Figure 12.16, normalized side load = (0.87)(ultimate side load) allowable settlement ___1 D; az From Figure 12.17, normalized end bearing = (0.77)(ultimate end bearing) Q= coanens+o7asal£x5') = 568.1 kip 12.12 From Problem 12.7(c), Q, = 149.9 kip. Q,, = 0.80, = (0.8)(149.8) = 119.92 kip Quy = 149.9 - 119.92 = 29.98 kip KN Quy + SQua)E _ [29.98 + (0.65)(119.92)139) 45, [(2)s" Je 10? x 144) = 0418 x10 ft = 0.005 in. Eq. (11.63): sy = Eq. (11.65): Sq = BE Gp = Cu. = (1800)(9) = 16,200 Ib / #; C, = 0.03 = 2258009) _ ori t= 0.133 in Sea) =" 15162) 203s f= = 1800 Ib / in? = (1.8144) kip / 82 Eq, (11.66): Ty, = arass[E 2926 Assume 2, = 0.3; E, -137-1213 Eq, (11.66): Sa) = (%)2o-2y. 119.92 5 =| 1 ~ (5 __\1—-038 (2926) = 00112 8= 0.134 es mal 22926) = 00112 a Total settlement = 5,4) +5,q) +5.) = 0.005 + 0.133 + 0,134 = 0.272 im. From Problem 12.8(¢), Q, = 1323 kip Que = 0.830, = (0.83)(132.3) ~ 109.8 kip Q,= 1323 ~ 109.8=22.5 kip ‘ — Que + Qu [22.5 + (0.65109.8)1(35) Eq. (11.63): je oe [Geo 2) 3x 10° x 144 4 10° = 0.00079 ft = 0.0095 in. ( QC, 11,65): = Ba. (65) S50) = C= 0.03 dp = Cy Ne (2 kip / $2)(9) = 18 kip / #2? 225,009) _ 99107 0.13 in Pas" G5x08) Dat Dnees -( }Ba He Eq. (11.66): Sy = [7 z 35 Iq) = 24035) =2 4035/2 =3: fe = 240355 35 73107 #,= 0.3; E, = 2000 Ib / in.? = 288 kip /A?. So _[__1098 1/35) _ 932. : ee so [ees (Zhe 037)(3107) = 0.0098 ft = 0.118 in Total settlement = $,¢ + 5: +5, = 0.0095 + 0.13 + 0.118 = 0.258 in, -138-12.14 From Eq, (12.63): f= 6.56492 < 0.159, Since 4 concen) < Gury USE Gu (omer) i Eq, (12.63). Qu concrete) = 28,000 KN / m? f= (6.564)(28,000)°* = 1098.4 KN / mf? Check: f= 0.159, = (0.15}(28,000) = 4200 kN / mi? > 1098.4 KN /n? So use f= 1098.4 KN / m? From Eq. (12.64): Q,= mD,Lf = (#)(1.5)(8)(1098.4) = 41,409 kN 1 From Eqs. (12.65), (12.66), and (12.67): 5, 3 t For RQD = 75%, from Eq. (12.69): fon = 00266(RQD) - 155 = (0.0266)(75) ~ 166 = 0335, Enns = 0.33 5Eee = (0.335)(12.1 * 10°) = 4.05 % 108 N/m? From Table 12.1 for =543 and e783 hemagnind off, is about 0.42. E, Hence (41,409 KNX8) ¢ 41409 kNY(0.42) 2 5)*(22% 108 KN/m?) (5X4 05% 10" KN/ mi?) iz = 00114 m=11.4mm>10mm So, From Eq, (12.71): +139-348 500 100 = 29,573 KN Q, = 34, (28,000) 1215 a. Eq. (12.56): 7 =157D? Q, = 157DXE,R, { EE E, =22* 110° KN / a? K,= ta’ (4s +§)- in (45- i 2 09 51081] A ZSAZSN3SN3.69) P” _ Q. = AS7Y(125)"(22 x 10 Oe | = 326,630 LN Q 260 Q. 326,630 From Figure 12.21, x,/D, = 0.0025 = 00008 = (0.0025)(1.25) = 0.00313 m= 3.13 mm b. Eq. (1258): : os M, =133D3(6, 8, PBR E, =asqaas?eaxio5ay Gino KH | =1se6st4nay-m From Table 123, for ge = 0.0008, Mon = 0.000375 -140-Max = (0.000375)(1,586,544) = 594.9 KN - m (94 (22) 2+. 2 Digg 7 SHOE KN /m E,R, (22x10°)(1) 77872 "7 DOK, (075\125(35)3.69) la).-* Din = (6)(1.25) = 7.5 m -141--142-11 13.2 13.3 CHAPTER 13 - Gre Bq, (13.5): For eollapee, 7 5 Pe G,=2.74; ¥,=9.81 KN/ me? 7% (KN/ mt) below which LL | collapse will occur 20 1736 25 15.95 30 14,75 35 B72 40 12.82 The plot can now be made (2.74)(981) : 3 T+ 0270.74) S45 KN/ me For LL = 27, Ye Since the given y, is 14.5 KN / m’, which is less than y,= 15.45 KN/ m, collapse is likely to occur 7, = 84 KN; 07, = 62 KN/m? 84 =135<15 7 < ‘The soil is normally consolidated LL =50; w= 20%; 2= 10 ft Eq. (13.10): AS;= 0.003325, je From Figure 13.9, 5, (ga) = 3%. So AS, = (0.0033)(10)) = 0.099 ft = 1.19 in, -143-(06+ 092) +2064 15\2)+ za $+275\2) +e 75+4. 750] = 0.145 ft = 1.73 in, 0 2 7 § sary (%) 4 8g 12 Depth (ft) 135 Depth (ft) Total swell, AS (in.) 12 0 1 1 10 o+ 5094, \aay = 0072 cE 1 1.072 + — —_— = 8 0.07 +}as+osea, Zam 0324 a 1 324 +—(15+2.7: — = 6 03: +30 +2. 912, t-Ja2y 0834 1 1 4 083445295. +4, 7390( ia 9 = 1734 The plot of AS vs. depth is shown in the figure on the next page. From this figure, the depth of undercut is 5.4 - 4 = 1.4 ft below the bottom of the foundation. 144.AS (in) Depth (f) dos +0)0) +} 04+ 075\0) +ho7s +15) B6 as=4 = 00635 m= 63.5 mm 700) 4 1 +505+30) +7 G1+59405) 2 4 6 oF su (%) i 7 6 Depth (m) -145-137 Depth (m) Total swell, AS (m) ( 6 0 5 o--5(04--0¢0{ 2. | 0002 2 100, 1 1 4 o002s Fars osyn{ 2) 0007s 1 1 oa (1)} —] = 3 ovorrs F075» 15¢9(-25) 0019 1 1 2 oois+Fasesnon( zfs) =o012 1 1 1s oor Far4ss909( 1) = 0.0635, The plot of AS vs. depth is shown in the following figure. From this figure, the depth of undercut is 2.5 ~ 1.5 = 1 m below the bottom of the foundation. 0 2030 40 60 as (mm) 60 Depth (m) -146-13.8 139 Eq. (13.14): U= 2D, Zo‘tang, D,=1m;,Z=9m U=(a)(1)(9)(600)(tan20) = 6174.6 KN Ne x, Eq. (13.17): oa Tle -D?) 150)(6.14 2 1746 = (GOED) (2) pp ~1") = 2411(D} -1) or 2561+1=D} D,= 5.16 m i ea(Z}@,-0d FS U-D 2 2 aasoxsiay(£)c03 ") _72335(D} - 1) 61746-1500 —SC«6 74 or 25.85 = D1 D,= 52m -147--148-CHAPTER 14 141 Eq. (14.1): yay = if 3 Yow = 9-81 KN/ im? =+w ” Yas QN/?) (%) | G,=2.60 | G,=2.65 | G,=270 | G,=2.75 5 22.57 22.95 23.34 23.72 10 20.24 20.55 20.86 21.16 15 18.35 18.60 18.85 19.1 20 16.78 16.99 17.20 17.40 Now the plot of Yu vs. w can be plotted. 142 a. Bg. (142): Re = Za. «(8 100) = 89.3% Yammy 412 RC-80 _ 893-80 b. Bq. (14.4y D,(4) => 02 = 465% A ¢ Ba (143): RO“ Yann) * 9105 To f f° 143° a Eq. (14.5): Wq,= [1.95 — 0.38log(CE)](PL) = [1.95 - 0.38log(600)](14) = 12.5% Eq. (14.7): Yuin) = 22-26 — 0,28(W%pq) = 22.26 — (0.28)(12.5) = 18.76 KN / mi? -149-b. Eq. (14.5): Wage = [1.95 - 0.38log(2700](14) = 9.05% Eq. (14-7): Ya¢ens) * 22-26 — 0.28(9.05) = 19.73 KN / m? 14.4 Compacted y,= 108 Ib/ft*. y= 108(1 + w) = 108(1 + 14/100) = 123.112 Ib/f? (123.12 Ib / °}(20,000 x 27 ft, Total weight of moist soil needed = D = 3,242.4 tons 2000 Total volume of sol to be excavated = ~ 332174 _=23,451.4 y@* 295 a7) (seam i‘ Truckloads needed = 2324 162 145° Forthe compacted fil, x, =e = Get yy m? 1406 16 The total dry weight of fill needed = 7, = S0°0G.7~ Borrow | Void | Dry unit | Volume of soil to be pit | ratio } weight, y, | excavated = W,/7, Cost @) On A [082 |Gy1-82 9100 9100*9 = 81,900 B /o1|Gx/91 9500 9550%7 ~ 66,850 Cc | 095 | Gx/1.95 9750 9750%8 = 78,000 D_ [075 |Gy/.75 8750 8750x11 = 96,250 Borrow pit B is the cheapest. 146 Eq. (14.11): ee apse sees a pose ae Nee see lee (a sy, Gar aa a on OP On Woy Rating — Excellent (Sy between 0 and 10) -150-3 7 1 Sart Want * Gant |S — Excellent 147 Bq. (14.11): s, -0a] 148 a. Eq. (14.12): CH, jog 1075 _ 0.241 m Sin = b For 80% consolidation, 7, = 0,567 (Chapter 1). 0567 = 0520 _ 17,45 months 2 d. For = 12 months (Figure 14.20), 7, = Sa 522) _ 939 @) From Figure 14.21, for 7, = 0.39, U= 53%. Refer to Eq. (14.15). 5 2 = 0682 gaa Jog(l + 0.682) . AS _ eens age og} 1+0:682| 14+ 420. en Asin) Mop = (1.44575) = 108.4 KN / mi? 053= (03)(15) | 1500+ 1200 _ es 49 a 7B apg OST4 A = 6.9 i, bo 7. = 0567 = 23%10" in?/ minyy : 15x12¥ 2 -151-1= 1996.8 x 10° min = 138.67 days = 4.62 months Gata 23107 in? miny(12 30% 1440) _ w (2 12 2 From Figure 14.20, U = 95% (by extrapolation) . Fort, =12 months, 7, = From Figure 14.18, for U= 95% and Ao = (0.1)(1200) = 120 Ib / f 45 1410 a, Bq. (1421): m=3h= 035 : S 933 Bq. (14.22): ot l4 Bq (14.23): T= Eq, (14.20): Reena yg 2 rar) 7 ar o(2s ~ ny = 192 Eq. (14.19): 2 ) 3 U,=337% -152-Eq, (14.18): U,,= 1 -(1-U)(1 -U) = 1 - (1 0.324)(1 - 0.337) = 0.552 = 55.2% 14.11 C,=C, = 0.042 ft / day = 15.33 f/ year Vertical drainage: -S8- ee = 0613, (2) Radial drainage: Bq (1423): T, = Safa = NSM 94264 d, _ (6)(12) sata 45 2, 2G) U, b qr, U, fr (Eqs. (14.19) Uy (yo)_| a. @)) | Fig. 1.21) | [Eq] | and (14.25)) | Teg. (14.18) o2 | 0123 | o38 | 008s 0553 072 o4| 0245 | 056 | 0.170 0380 091 os | 049 076 =| 0341 0.96 039 10 | 0613 | 082 | 0.26 098 0997 14.12 Eq. (14.32); T= H = GA _ 0015)50) _ Ta Gihe a= 00248 From Figure 14.24, U, = 15%. For the sand drain, n= 22 = —25__ 2r, @N(007) Eq. (14.28): Ty She = ONGD _ gos Cote _ 0.015)30) _ yy79 a 25)" =153- @ )Curt _ (001550) =012 a sy Eq. (1427): U, 1 lexp(AT,.) ~ lJexp(-AT.) Eq 1786? 0786) - ‘In(17.86) — = 214 ise = 789 (4)(17.86)" AT,<= (0-935)(0.072) = 0.067 I mec 7) = 067) = 0: = U, = 1~ GygqlexPl0.067) ~TJexp(-0067) = 0033 = 33% = 1 -U)C -~ 0) = 1 ~ (1- 0.033)(1 ~ 0.15) = 0:178 = 17.8% Sp CH (sine) ONES) j59( 80470) _ 9056 m=256 am =o, ea eee 14076 80 Settlement at 50 days = (256)(0.178) = 45.6 mm

Principles of Foundation Engineering 6th - Solution Manual

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