Cau 1: Cho cac chat sau: S, SO2, H2S, H2SO4.

Co may chat trong cac chat a cho va co tnh oxi hoa va co tnh kh: b) 2 d) 4 c) 3 a) 1 Cau 2: Phan ng nao sau ay SO2 ong vai tro la chat kh: a) SO2 + H2O H2SO3 b) SO2 + NaOH NaHSO3 c) SO2 + H2S S + H2O SO Cl H 2O +4 H2SO4 d) SO2d) + Cl HCl + HCl H2SO 2+ 22++H 2O

Kiem tra bai cu:

Cu 3: Hoan thanh chuoi bien hoa sau :

FeS H2S S SO2 SO3 H2SO4

Tra li
1. FeS + 2HCl H2S + FeCl2 2. 2H2S + O2 2S + 2H2O 3. S + O2 SO2 4. 2SO2 + O2 2SO3
V2 O 5 to to

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

5. SO3 + H2O H2SO4

Ten goi co cua no la dau sunfat, c at ten bi nha gia kim thuat the k th 8, Jabir ibn Hayyan sau khi ong phat hien ra chat nay.

Chan dung Jabir ibn Hayyan, bn v tay thi trung c

Giy, t si

Phm nhum

Co nhieu ng dung, va no c san xuat vi mot san lng ln hn bat ky chat hoa hoc nao, ngoai tr nc. San lng cua the gii nam 2001 la 165 trieu tan, vi gia tr xap x 8 ty USD.

Sn

Luyn kim

Phn bn

ng dng khc

Cht do

Cht ty ra

La thanh phan cua cac tran ma axt, c tao ra do phan ng cua kh sunfur vi nc co trong kh quyen. Kh sunfur la san pham chnh c tao ra khi cac loai nhien lieu co cha lu huynh nh than hay dau mo b ot chay.

1908

1968

I- CAU TAO PHAN T:

Axit sunfuric
I- Cu to phn t:
H O
S H
hay

O O

O O

S
H O O

II- Tnh cht vt l:

Cht lng snh nh du, khng mu, khng bay hi. D(98%) = 1,84 g/cm3, tos = 337oC, tonc = 10oC

Axit sunfuric c tan trong nc, to thnh hirat H2SO4.nH2O v ta nhit mnh
Th nghim: Thm axit sunfuric c vo nc. Nhit u 19.20C

Nhit sau 30 pht

Nhit cao nht

TH NGHIM

Cch pha long axit sunfuric c

Cch 1: Cch 2:

Rt H2O vo H2SO4 c

Rt H2SO4 c vo H2O

Chn cch pha long H2SO4 c an ton ?

Cch pha long axit sunfuric c

Rt t t axit H2SO4 c vo nc v khuy nh bng a thu tinh, tuyt i khng lm ngc li.

B bng do H2SO4 c

III. Tnh cht ha hc

D on tnh cht ha hc ca H2SO4 ? H O
+6

O S

III- Tnh cht ha hc: H O

+6

S
H O O
D on tnh cht - L axit 2 ln Trng thi - Axit long - Axit c

c im cu to - 2 nguyn t H

- Nguyn t S c s - Tnh oxi ha OXH cao nht l +6

III. Tnh chat hoa hoc

1) Axit sunfuric loang
a. Lam quy tm hoa o

(Co ay u tnh chat cua 1 axit manh )

b. Tac dung vi kim loai :

+1 0

(ng trc hidro trong day HHH )

+2 0

H2SO4 + Fe = FeSO4 + H2 c. Tac dung vi baz tao muoi + nc H2SO4 + NaOH = NaHSO4 + H2O

H2SO4 + 2NaOH = Na2SO4 + 2H2O d. Tac dung vi oxit baz tao muoi + nc H2SO4 + CuO = CuSO4 + H2O e. Tac dung vi muoi ( k : co ,, chat ien ly yeu ) H2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2HCl * KL co nhieu so oxh tac dung vi H2SO4 KL ch at so oxh thap

TH NGHIM

2) Axit sunfuric ac
a) Tnh hao nc:
H2SO4 ac rat hao nc, no chiem nc cua nhieu chat hu c cha H va O : ng, go si bong C ( muoi than) H2SO4 ac

C12H22O11

12 C + 11 H2O

C + 2 H2SO4

CO2 + 2 SO2 + 2 H2O

TH NGHIM

b) Tnh oxi hoa cua axit sunfuric ac

H2SO4 ac oxi hoa c hau het cac kim loai (tr Au, Pt) tao ra muoi sunfat + nc + SO2 ( hay H2S , S ) va nhieu phi kim (C ,S, P), nhieu hp chat.
Cu +
0 0
+6 2H2SO4 ac o +2 +4 t CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O

2Fe + 6 3S +
0

+6 H2SO4 ac nong
+6 2H2SO4ac

+3 Fe2(SO4)3
+4

+ 3 SO2 +

+4 6H2O

3SO2 + 2H2O

*Axit H2SO4 ac nguoi lam thu ong hoa Al, Fe * KL co nhieu so oxh + H2SO4 ac nong KL at so oxh cao nhat

Viet va can bang cac phng trnh sau :

6H2SOH Fe (SO4)3 +Kh 3SOc mi 4 c+ 2Fe 2+ 6H 2O xc 2SO 4 c + Fe2

t0

+6

+3

+4

Kh c mi trng thi + Mg 5H2H SO + 4Mg 4MgSO + H S + 4H O 2SO 4 c 4 c 4 2 2

+6

+2

-2

CNG C
Chng ta bit

Axit sunfuric long

Tnh cht c trng Axit sunfuric c

Tnh axit

Tnh OXH

Vy c hay khng?
Axit sunfuric long Tnh axit

Axit sunfuric c

Tnh OXH

CUNG CO:
Kin thc cn nh:

- Cach pha loang axit sunfuric ac, than trong khi lam viec vi sunfuric ac. - So sanh tnh chat hoa hoc cua axit sumfuric loang va axit sunfuric ac.

Cau 1: Hay chon s o phan ng hoa hoc sai di ay:

A. A. B. C. D.

Cu + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2 Cu + H2SO4 c nong CuSO4 + SO2 + H2O CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O Cu(OH)2 + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O

Cau 2: Dung dch H2SO4 long phn ng c vi tt c cc cht trong dy:

A. CuO, Mg(OH)2, Cu, CaCO3 B. Mg, Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, Ag

C. CuO, NaOH, CaCO3, Fe

D. Au, CuO, Mg, Cu(OH)2

Cau 3: pha long dung dch H2SO4 c trong phng th nghim, ngi ta tin hnh theo cch no di y? A. Cho t t nc vo axit v khuy u
B. Cho t t axit vo nc v khuy u C. Cho nhanh nc vo axit v khuy u D. Cho nhanh axit vo nc v khuy u

Cau 4: Trong cc cht sau, cht no

u tc dng vi dung dch axit sunfuric long v axit sunfuric c, nng cho cng mt loi mui:

A. Ag, Ca. B. Fe, Mg. C. Na, Al. D. Zn, Cu.

H2SO4

Axit g cng st
To mui st hai, ba

Ty iu kin dung dch

Cn lm st tr ra?