Chng 5: Lp lch trnh sn xut

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Chng 5 LP LCH TRNH SN XUT

5.1. Mc tiu ca lp lch trnh sn xut Trong qu trnh sn xut hoc thc hin cc dch v, chng ta cn tin hnh nhiu cng vic khc nhau. iu ny i hi s iu hnh, sp xp sao cho khoa hc, hp l, cht ch vo nhng lc cao im v ngay c nhng lc rnh ri. Lp lch trnh sn xut nhm mc tiu m bo sao cho cc cng vic c thc hin vi hiu qu cao nht, c th l:

p ng k hn giao hng cho khch hng; Ti thiu ha s chm tr trong cng vic; Ti thiu ha thi gian phn ng hay p ng; Ti thiu ha thi gian hon thnh; Ti thiu ha gi lm thm; Ti a ha mc s dng my mc hoc lao ng; Ti thiu ha thi gian khng hot ng hay khng c s dng; Ti thiu ha hng tn kho d dang.
5.2. Nguyn tc sp xp th t cc cng vic trn mt my (dy chuyn) Xp th t cc cng vic l quy nh th t cng vic no c lm trc, cng vic no c lm sau trn mi my, chng hn: C 10 bnh nhn a vo bnh vin, th nn xp ngi no c cha trc, ngi n trc c cha trc hay ngi bnh nguy cp c cha trc. Xp th t cng vic trn mt my l mt bi ton n gin. C n cng vic gia cng trn mt my. Mi cng vic c mt thi gian gia cng (sn xut) v mt thi hn hon thnh theo yu cu c quy nh trc. Vn t ra l phi b tr lm sao cho n cng vic ny c lm ni tip nhau cho ta t c kt qu ti u. C ngha l cc cng vic ny cn c sp xp thnh mt lch trnh cht ch v khoa hc, c bit l khi c nhiu cng vic chng cho trong nhng thi k cao im. Mun sp xp ti u cc cng vic trn mt my ta phi da vo 4 nguyn tc u tin sau y: (1) Cng vic t hng trc, b tr lm trc (First come, first served - FCFS); (2) Cng vic c thi hn giao hng sm nht, b tr lm trc (Earliest Due Date - EDD); (3) Cng vic c thi gian thc hin ngn nht, b tr lm trc (Shortest Processing Time - SPT); (4) Cng vic c thi gian thc hin di nht, b tr lm trc (Longest Processing Time-LPT). V d sau y s cho ta so snh cc nguyn tc va nu: 79

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V d 5.1: Mt x nghip c kh c nhn 5 hp ng ct tn cho bn ngoi. Thi gian gia cng (sn xut) v thi hn hon thnh c cho trong bng 5.1 sau: Bng 5.1 Cng vic A B C D E Thi gian gia cng (ngy) 6 2 8 3 9 Thi hn hon thnh (ngy th ...) 8 6 18 15 23

Hy xc nh th t cc cng vic c gia cng theo nguyn tc: FCFS, EDD, SPT & LPT. so snh cc nguyn tc trn, ta cn tnh cc ch tiu hiu qu sau: Ta c: Tng dng thi gian = Tng thi gian sn xut + Tng thi gian ch i Cc ch tiu hiu qu c tnh theo cng thc: Thi gian bnh qun thc hin (hon tt) cng vic (Ttb):

Ttb = Tng dng thi gian/ S cng vic

S cng vic bnh qun ch i trong h thng (Ntb):

(5.1)

Ntb = Tng dng thi gian/Tng thi gian sn xut (5.2)

S ngy tr hn bnh qun ca mi cng vic (TRtb):

TRtb = Tng s ngy tr hn/S cng vic

5.2.1. Xp th t cc cng vic theo nguyn tc FCFS

(5.3)

Vi nguyn tc ny, th t thc hin cc cng vic ny l: A B C D E. Do cng vic A phi lm mt 6 ngy, xong A mi gia cng B. Vy B phi ch mt 6 ngy. Thi gian thc hin B mt 2 ngy, do thi im hon thnh cng vic B l: 6 ngy ch + 2 ngy gia cng = ngy th 8 V thi hn hon thnh theo yu cu i vi B l ngy th 6, nn cng vic tr mt 8 6 = 2 ngy. Theo cch tnh trn vi cc cng vic cn li C, D, E ta lp c bng 5.2 sau y: Bng 5.2: Lch trnh sn xut theo nguyn tc FCFS 80

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Cng vic A B C D E

Thi gian gia cng (ngy) 6 2 8 3 9 28

Thi hn hon thnh theo yu cu (ngy th) 8 6 18 15 23

Thi im hon thnh (dng thi gian) (ngy th) 6 8 16 19 28 77

Thi gian chm tr (ngy) 2 4 5 11

Vi cc s liu trong bng 5.2, ta tnh c cc ch tiu hiu qu sau: Thi gian bnh qun hon thnh cng vic = 77/5 = 15,4 ngy. S cng vic bnh qun ch i trong h thng = 77/28 =2,75 cng vic. S ngy tr hn bnh qun = 11/5 = 2,2 ngy. 5.2.2. Xp th t cc cng vic theo nguyn tc EDD Theo nguyn tc ny th cng vic no c thi im hon thnh sm nht s c u tin thc hin trc, do ta c th t thc hin l: B A D C E. Bng 5.3: Lch trnh sn xut theo nguyn tc EDD Cng vic B A D C E Thi im hon Thi hn Thi gian thnh (dng hon thnh gia cng thi gian) theo yu cu (ngy) (ngy th) (ngy th) 2 6 3 8 9 28 6 8 15 18 23 2 8 11 19 28 68 Thi gian chm tr (ngy) 1 5 6

Cc ch tiu hiu qu c tnh: Thi gian bnh qun hon thnh cng vic = 68/5 = 13,6 ngy. S cng vic bnh qun ch i trong h thng = 68/28 =2,42 cng vic. S ngy tr hn bnh qun = 6/5 = 1,2 ngy. 5.2.3. Xp th t cc cng vic theo nguyn tc SPT

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Theo nguyn tc ny, cng vic no c thi gian gia cng ngn nht c u tin lm trc, do ta c th t thc hin l: B D A C E. Bng 5.4: Lch trnh sn xut theo nguyn tc SPT Thi im hon Thi hn Thi gian thnh (dng hon thnh gia cng thi gian) theo yu cu (ngy) (ngy th) (ngy th) 2 3 6 8 9 28 6 15 8 18 23 2 5 11 19 28 65 Thi gian chm tr (ngy) 3 1 5 9

Cng vic B D A C E

Cc ch tiu hiu qu c tnh nh sau: Thi gian bnh qun hon thnh cng vic = 65/5 = 13 ngy. S cng vic bnh qun ch i trong h thng = 65/28 = 2,32 cng vic. S ngy tr hn bnh qun = 9/5 = 1,8 ngy. 5.2.4. Xp th t cc cng vic theo nguyn tc LPT Theo nguyn tc ny, ta chn cc cng vic c thi gian gia cng di nht b tr lm trc, th t gia cng cc cng vic s l: E C A D B: Bng 5.5: Lch trnh sn xut theo nguyn tc LPT Cng vic E C A D B Thi gian gia cng (ngy) 9 8 6 3 2 28 Thi im hon Thi hn thnh (dng hon thnh thi gian) theo yu cu (ngy th) (ngy th) 23 9 18 17 8 23 15 26 6 28 103 Thi gian chm tr (ngy) 15 11 22 48

Cc ch tiu hiu qu c tnh nh sau: Thi gian bnh qun hon thnh cng vic = 103/5 = 20,6 ngy. S cng vic bnh qun ch i trong h thng = 103/28 =3,68 cng vic. S ngy tr hn bnh qun = 48/5 = 9,6 ngy. Di y l bng tm tt cc ch tiu hiu qu ca 4 nguyn tc trn: 82

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Bng 5.6: Tm tt cc ch tiu hiu qu ca 4 nguyn tc Nguyn tc 1. FCFS 2. EDD 3. SPT 4. LPT Thi gian bnh qun hon tt cng vic (ngy) 15,4 13,6 13 20,6 S cng vic bnh qun ch i trong h thng 2,75 2,42 2,32 3,68 S ngy tr hn bnh qun 2,2 1,2 1,8 9,6

Qua bng 5.6 ta nhn thy: Nguyn tc LPT c cc ch tiu hiu qu km nht. Nguyn tc SPT c 2 ch tiu u vt tri, tc thi gian bnh qun hon tt cng vic = 13 ngy (min) v s cng vic bnh qun ch i trong h thng = 2,32 (min). Nguyn tc EDD c ch tiu th 3 vt tri hn c, s ngy tr hn bnh qun = 1,2 (min). Nh vy trong 4 nguyn tc trn th nguyn tc SPT c li hn c. Theo kinh nghim thc t, ngi ta rt ra nhng nhn xt nh sau: Nguyn tc theo thi gian thc hin ngn nht SPT c coi l k thut tt nht gim thiu dng thi gian v gim thiu s cng vic bnh qun ch i trong h thng. Tuy nhin, mt hn ch ca nguyn tc ny l y nhng cng vic c thi gian thc hin di xung di, iu ny d lm cho cc khch hng quan trng pht , dn n vic c th gy ra nhng thay i, bin ng i vi cc cng vic di hn, tuy vy nguyn tc ny thng c dng nhiu nht. Nguyn tc t hng trc, b tr lm trc FCFS tuy c cc ch tiu hiu qu khng cao, nhng khng v vy m coi n l nguyn tc km nht. Bi v u im ca n l lm hi lng cc khch hng, th hin tnh cng bng, y l yu t ht sc quan trng trong cc h thng dch v. Nguyn tc cng vic c thi gian thc hin di nht LPT thng t khi c s dng, n thng c p dng khi: Cc hp ng cha chc chn. Khi cc cng vic c thi gian thc hin xp x bng nhau. Da vo kt qu cc ch tiu tnh c, ta thy nguyn tc u tin sp xp cng vic theo thi gian thc hin ngn nht c nhiu ch tiu tri hn.

5.3. Phng php phn giao cng vic trn nhiu i tng 83

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5.3.1. Phng php Johnson b tr th t thc hin cc cng vic trn 2 my iu cng vic lm trn hai my s khng n gin nh mt my, m ty theo cch iu chng ta s kt thc cng vic cc thi im khc nhau. Do hai my c chc nng khc nhau nn c hai giai on lin kt nhau theo trnh t: Cng vic no cng phi c lm trn my 1 trc ri mi chuyn sang my 2. Mc tiu b tr cc cng vic l lm sao tng thi gian thc hin cc cng vic l b nht. Nhng v thi gian thc hin mi cng vic trn mi my l c nh (do khi lng cng vic v cng sut ca my quyt nh). Nn c c tng thi gian thc hin cc cng vic min, ta phi b tr cc cng vic sao cho tng thi gian ngng vic trn cc my l b nht. b tr cc cng vic trn 2 my ta dng nguyn tc Johnson. Nguyn tc Johnson c thc hin theo cc bc sau: Bc 1: Sp xp cc cng vic theo th t c thi gian thc hin nh nht tng dn; Bc 2: p dng nguyn tc Johnson. Theo th t xp bc 1, ta ln lt b tr nh sau: Cng vic no c thi gian thc hin nh nht my 1 (ct s 1) th b tr bn tri ( u); Cng vic no c thi gian thc hin nh nht my 2 (ct s 2) th b tr bn phi ( cui). Bc 3: Khi mt cng vic c sp xp ri th ta loi tr, ch xt nhng cng vic cn li; Bc 4: V biu thi gian v tnh tng thi gian thc hin cc cng vic. V d 5.2: Mi ngy bnh vin Nhn Dn cn git by loi khn khc nhau, bnh vin ch c 1 my git v 1 my sy. Thi gian git v sy trn hai my c cho theo bng 5.7 nh sau: Bng 5.7: Thi gian thc hin cc cng vic trn 2 my Loi khn A B C D E F G Bi gii: 84 Thi gian git (Pht) 30 55 100 40 110 45 120 Thi gian sy (Pht) 50 35 80 10 90 55 100

Yu cu: Hy sp xp th t cc cng vic tng thi gian thc hin l nh nht?

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Bc 1: Xp cc cng vic theo th t thi gian tng dn: Loi khn D A B F C E G Thi gian git (Pht) 40 30 55 45 100 110 120 Thi gian sy (Pht) 10 50 35 55 80 90 100

Bc 2: Sp xp theo nguyn tc Johnson: A My git My sy 30 50 F 45 55 G 120 100 E 110 90 C 100 80 B 55 35 D 40 10

Bc 3: V s cc cng vic v xc nh tng thi gian: My git My sy

A= 30

F= 45 A=50 30 80

G=120 F=55 135 195

E=110 G=100

C=100 E=90 395

B=55 C=80 405

D=40 B=35
D= 10

295 305

485 520 530

Nhn vo biu thi gian ta thy: Tng thi gian thc hin tt c cc cng vic trn 2 my = 530 pht (tc 8 gi 50 pht) l t nht; My sy c huy ng sau my git l 30 pht; My git c gii phng sau 500 pht (tc 8 gi 20 pht); My sy c gii phng sau 530 pht (tc 8 gi 50 pht); My sy sau cng vic F phi ch mt 60 pht, sau cng vic G v E u phi ch 10 pht. y l phng n ti u c tng thi gian hon thnh tt c cc cng vic trn 2 my l ngn nht (8 gi 50 pht) Trng hp b tr trn 3 my th c th ng dng phng php Johnson nu tho mn c 2 iu kin sau: (1) Thi gian gia cng ngn nht trn my 1 bng hoc di hn thi gian di nht trn my 2; 85

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(2) Thi gian gia cng ngn nht trn my 3 bng hoc di hn thi gian di nht trn my 2. Khi ta s gp 3 my thnh 2 my theo nguyn tc sau: gp thi gian gia cng ca my 1 vi my 2 thnh my I; My 2 v my 3 thnh my II ri b tr nh c 2 my. V d 5.3: C 4 cng vic phi thc hin ln lt trn 3 my mi xong, v c thi gian cho theo bng 5.8 nh sau: Bng 5.8: Thi gian thc hin cc cng vic trn 3 my Cng vic A B C D Thi gian thc hin cc cng vic (gi) My 1 (t1) 13 5 6 7 My 2 (t2) 5 3 4 2 My 3 (t3) 9 7 5 6

Bc 1: Xt bi ton c tha nguyn tc Johnson khng?

t1 min t2 max; t3 min t2 max.

Theo thng tin c cung cp ta c t1 min = t2 max v t3 min = t2 max. Nh vy, iu kin ca nguyn tc Johnson i vi 3 my c tho mn Bc 2: Lp ma trn mi bng cch ly t1 + t2 v t2 + t3 Cng vic A B C D t1 + t2 18 8 10 9 t2 + t3 14 10 9 8

Bc 3: Sp xp cc cng vic theo th t thi gian nh nht tng dn. Cng vic D B C A t1 + t2 9 8 10 18 t2 + t3 8 10 9 14

Bc 4: Sp xp th t thc hin cc cng vic theo nguyn tc Johnson

86

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My My 1 My 2 My 3

B 5 3 7

A 13 5 9

C 6 4 5

D 7 2 6

Bc 5: V biu v tnh tng thi gian thc hin cc cng vic

5 18 24 31

My 1 My 2 My 3
0

B =5 B= 3

A =13

C=6 A=5

D=7 C=4 A=9

D= 2

B =7
8 15 23

C=5
32 37

D=6
43

Tng thi gian thc hin cc cng vic nh nht l 43 gi. 5.3.2. S dng bi ton Hungary trong phn giao n cng vic cho n i tng Trong trng hp sp xp hoc phn giao n cng vic cho n my hoc n ngi vi iu kin mi my hoc mi ngi ch m nhn mt cng vic cng c rt nhiu phng n sp xp khc nhau. Trong trng hp ny c th xc nh c phng n sp xp ti u gia cc phng n . Phng n ti u c th l phng n c tng thi gian thc hin nh nht hoc cung cp sn phm, dch v nhanh nht, tu thuc vo mc tiu c th t ra trong khi sp xp. Trong mt s trng hp mc tiu t ra l tng thi gian thc hin ca tt c cc i tng l ngn nht nhng trong cc trng hp khc mc tiu li l gim thi gian ng khi thc hin cc cng vic. xc nh c phng n ti u ta dng thut ton Hungary. Thut ton ny c thc hin theo trnh t sau: Bc 1: i vi mi hng, tm s nh nht trong hng ri tr n cho tng yu t c trong hng (s sinh ra mt ma trn chi ph mi c cng mt p s nh ma trn ban u); Bc 2: i vi mi ct ca ma trn, tm s nh nht trong ct (c th l s khng) v ly s tr i cho tng yu t c trong ct. Mt ln na ta li c mt ma trn mi c cng mt p s vi ma trn ban u; Bc 3: C gng tm mt p s c tng chi ph bng khng (3a) Xem xt tng hng mt ca ma trn, nu trong hng khng c mt s khng no hoc c nhiu s khng th ta b qua hng . Nu trong hng c ng mt s khng th ta khoanh trn s khng ri gch mt ng thng xuyn sut ct; (3b) Xt tng ct mt ca ma trn, nu trong ct c ng mt s khng th ta khoanh trn s khng li, ri gch mt ng thng xuyn sut hng. Nu iu kin khng c tha mn th b qua ct ; 87

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(3c) Lp li bc (3a) v (3b) cho n khi khng cn c th khoanh trn con s khng no na. Nu s s khng khoanh trn bng s p p cn tm th bi ton gii xong, nu s s khng khoanh trn cha bng s p n cn tm ta phi thc hin tip bc 4. Bc 4: Ta to thm s khng bng cch: (4a) Tm ra s cha b gch nh nht; (4b) Ly cc s khng nm trn cc ng thng tr i s nh nht ; (4c) Ly s nh nht cng vo cc s nm trn giao im ca cc ng thng; (4d) Chp li cc s b gch bi mt ng thng. Sau ta li b tr cng vic nh trnh by bc 3, c tip tc nh vy cho n khi no s khng khoanh trn bng s p n cn tm th bi ton mi gii xong. Cc cng vic s c b tr vo cc c s khng khoanh trn. Nh vy chng ta s c tng thi gian thc hin hoc chi ph thc hin cc cng vic l ti thiu. a) Bi ton 1 mc tiu V d 5.4: C 3 cng vic X 25, Y 47, Z 72, v c 3 my A, B, C. Thi gian thc hin cc cng vic trn cc my cho nh bng sau: Bng 5.9: Thi gian thc hin cc cng vic trn cc my n v tnh: gi My A X 25 Y 47 Z 72 11 8 9 My B 14 10 12 My C 6 11 7

Tm phng n b tr cc cng vic trn cc my sao cho tng thi gian thc hin l nh nht? Bi gii: Bc 1: Chn trong mi hng 1 s min, ly cc s trong hng tr i s min . My A X 25 Y 47 Z 72 5 0 2 My B 8 2 5 My C 0 3 0

Bc 2: Chn trong mi ct 1 s min, ly cc s trong hng tr i s min . My A X 25 Y 47 Z 72 5 0 2 88 My B 6 0 3 My C 0 3 0

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Bc 3: B tr cng vic vo cc s 0 duy nht ca hng v ct

Chn hng no c 1 s 0, khoanh trn s 0 , k ng thng xuyn sut ct. Chn ct no c 1 s 0, khoanh trn s 0 , k ng thng xuyn sut hng.

My A X 25 Y 47 Z 72 5 0 2

My B 6 0 3

My C 0 3 0

Bc 4: S 0 c khoanh trn cha bng s p n cn tm, do ta chn trong cc s khng nm trn cc ng thng 1 s min, ly cc s khng nm trn ng thng tr i s min , ly s min cng vo cc s nm trn giao im ca cc ng thng. My A X 25 Y 47 Z 72 3 0 0 My B 4 0 1 My C 0 3+2=5 0

Bc 5: B tr cng vic vo cc s 0 duy nht ca hng v ct. My A X 25 Y 47 Z 72 3 0 0 My B 4 0 1 My C 0 3+2=5 0

Nh vy, cch phn cng cng vic cho cc my ti u nh sau: Cng vic X 25 b tr vo my C mt 6 gi. Cng vic Y 47 b tr vo my B mt 10 gi. Cng vic Z 72 b tr vo my A mt 9 gi. Nh vy, tng thi gian ti thiu thc hin cc cng vic l 25 gi. Trong thc t chng ta gp trng hp phn giao cng vic sao cho tng li nhun thu c l ti a. tm c phng n phn giao ti u vn s dng phng php gii trn. Tuy nhin, cn phi i du ton b cc s liu trong bng phn vic, sau vn dng bi ton Hungary gii bnh thng. b) Bi ton 2 mc tiu Trong trng hp bi ton phn cng cng vic c t ra vi hai mc tiu: Tng chi ph hoc thi gian thc hin cng vic l ti thiu. Chi ph thc hin cng vic hoc thi gian thc hin tng cng vic khng c vt qu 1 mc no th chng ta ch cn loi b cc s hng bng hoc vt qu mc qui nh bng cch thay chng bng du X, sau tin hnh gii bnh thng. 89

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V d 5.5: C 4 cng vic cn phn cho 4 cng nhn c tay ngh cao l An, Bnh, Chnh, Dng vi thi gian thc hin c cho nh trong bng 5.10: Bng 5.10: Thi gian thc hin 4 cng vic ca 4 cng nhn n v tnh: Gi CV Cng nhn An Bnh Chnh Dng I 70 40 30 60 II 100 110 50 30 III 110 140 90 50 IV 130 80 45 70

Yu cu: Hy b tr cc cng vic cho bn nhn vin trn sao cho tha mn ng thi 2 iu kin sau: Tng thi gian thc hin chng l min; Thi gian thc hin mi cng vic < 110 gi. Bi gii: Bc 1: Loi b cc s hng 110 gi, thay vo v tr 1 du cho X. I An Bnh Chnh Dng 70 40 30 60 II 100 X 50 30 III X X 90 50 IV X 80 45 70

Bc 2: Chn trong mi hng 1 s min, ly cc s trong hng tr i s min . I An Bnh Chnh Dng 0 0 0 30 II 30 X 20 0 III X X 60 20 IV X 40 15 40

Bc 3: Chn trong mi ct 1 s min, ly cc s trong hng tr i s min . I An Bnh Chnh Dng 0 0 0 30 II 30 X 20 0 III X X 40 0 IV X 25 0 25

90

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Bc 4: B tr cng vic vo cc s 0 duy nht ca hng v ct. I An Bnh Chnh Dng 0 0 0 30 II 30 X 20 0 III X X 40 0 IV X 25 0 25

Bc 5: S 0 c khoanh trn cha bng s p n cn tm, do ta chn trong cc s khng nm trn cc ng thng 1 s min, ly cc s khng nm trn ng thng tr i s min , ly s min cng vo cc s nm trn giao im ca cc ng thng. I An Bnh Chnh Dng 0 0 0 30 + 20 II 10 X 0 0 III X X 20 0 IV X 25 0 25 + 20

Bc 6: B tr cng vic vo cc s 0 duy nht ca hng v ct. I An Bnh Chnh Dng 0 0 0 30+20 II 10 X 0 0 III X X 20 0 IV X 25 0 25+20

Bc 7: S s 0 c khoanh trn cha bng s p n cn tm, nn ta phi to thm s 0 nh bc 5, ri tip tc nh bc 6. Ta c s 0 khoanh trn bng s p n cn tm v bi ton gii xong. I An Bnh Chnh Dng 0 0 0+10 50+10 II 0 X 0 0 III X X 20 0 IV X 15 0 50

Nh vy, phn cng cng vic ti u trong tnh hung ny l: Anh An b tr lm cng vic II mt 100 gi < 110 gi Anh Bnh b tr lm cng vic I mt 40 gi < 110 gi Anh Chnh b tr lm cng vic IV mt 45 gi < 110 gi Anh Dng b tr lm cng vic III mt 50 gi < 110 gi Tng thi gian ti thiu thc hin cc cng vic l 235 gi. ------------------------------91

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CU HI N TP CHNG 5
1. Lp lch trnh sn xut l g? Mc tiu ca lp lch trnh sn xut l g? 2. Trnh by cc nguyn tc sp xp th t cc cng vic trn 1 my (dy chuyn)? 3. Trnh by cc bc ca phng php Johnson trong sp xp th t cc cng vic trn 2 my (dy chuyn)? 4. p dng nguyn tc Johnson trong sp xp th t cc cng vic trn 3 my cn phi tho nhng iu kin no? Trnh t p dng nguyn tc Johnson trong sp xp cc cng vic trn 3 my nh th no? 5. Trnh by cc bc ca phng php Hungary trong phn giao n cng vic cho n my (cng nhn)? ----------------------

BI TP CHNG 5
Bi 1: Mt cng ty xy dng nhn c 6 hp ng xy nh sau y: Nh A B C D E F Yu cu: 1. Theo anh (ch) cng ty nn dng cch no gia 2 cch iu theo nguyn tc n trc lm trc FCFS v nguyn tc thi hn sm nht EDD? 2. Cng ty mun xt thm nguyn tc thi gian thi cng ngn nht SPT v thi gian thi cng di nht LPT. Vy anh (ch) hy tnh ton v cho li khuyn? Bi 2: Hy dng nguyn tc Johnson xc nh th t gia cng ti u cho cc cng vic lm trn 2 my sau y: Thi gian xy (ngy) 6 12 14 2 10 4 Thi hn bn giao (ngy th) 22 14 30 18 25 34

92

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n v tnh: gi Cng vic A B C D E F My 1 6 3 18 15 16 10 My 2 12 7 9 14 8 15

Bi 3: Cc cng vic c tun t v thi gian gia cng trn 3 my c cho trong bng sau: n v tnh: gi Cng vic A B C D E My 1 22 18 16 20 15 My 2 8 6 3 12 14 My 3 10 5 3 17 12

Yu cu: Hy lp bng iu gia cng sao cho khong thi gian gia cng l nh nht? Bi 4: Mi ngy bnh vin Nhn Dn cn git by loi khn khc nhau, bnh vin ch c 1 my git v 1 my sy. Thi gian git v sy trn hai my c cho theo bng sau: Loi khn A B C D E F G Thi gian git (Pht) 30 55 100 40 110 45 120 Thi gian sy (Pht) 50 35 80 10 90 55 100

Yu cu: 1. Hy dng nguyn tc Johnson xc nh th t cc cng vic sao cho ti u nht? 2. Nu hng ngy bt u git lc 8 gi sng th khi no cng vic git sy xong? Bi 5: Mi ngy phn xng c kh c 4 th gii u c th ng c c 4 loi my phay l phay ging (G), phay ng (), phay ngang (N), phay rng (R) nhng do mc lng v trnh thnh tho ca cc anh khc nhau nn chi ph ng my c phn b nh sau: 93

Chng 5: Lp lch trnh sn xut

QUN TR SN XUT

Cng nhn An Bnh Cng Dn

Chi ph my phay (1000ng/gi) Ging 25 25 30 20 ng 30 10 10 15 Ngang 15 5 25 10 Rng 20 15 10 5

Theo anh (ch) nn phn cng nhn no ng my no cho kinh t nht? Bi 6: Mi ngy Cng ty VICODEC ng ti Nha Trang mun phn 3 sinh vin tt nghip i hc Thy sn l Giang, Sn, Vinh v 3 c s nui tm ca cng ty Cam Ranh, Sng Cu v Thun Nam. Chi ph n nh ch cho mi sinh vin tng a im l khc nhau. Bit chi ph n nh ch cho 3 sinh vin ny ti 3 c s Cam Ranh, Sng Cu v Thun Nam nh sau: Ni cng tc Sinh vin Giang Sn Vinh Yu cu: 1. Theo anh (ch) nn phn sinh vin no n a im no cho kinh t? 2. V mt l do no Vinh bo co anh ta khng th v Sng Cu. Trong trng hp ny phn cng cng vic s nh th no? 3. Gi nh cng thi im cng ty mi va khai trng mt nh my ch bin Hi sn Phan Rang nn mun phn 1 trong 3 sinh vin ni trn n Phan Rang nu xt thy kinh t hn. Bit rng Vinh khng th v Sng Cu v chi ph n nh ch cho Giang i Phan Rang 1.000.000 , Sn i Phan Rang 800.000 , Vinh i Phan Rang 1.800.000 . Nu cn c 1 sinh vin i Phan Rang th nn c ai i? ---------------------------Cam Ranh 800.000 500.000 500.000 Sng Cu 1.100.000 1.600.000 1.000.000 Thun Nam 1.200.000 1.300.000 2.300.000

94