Estimated Pressure Rise From Thermal Expansion is Within the Design Limits of the Equipment or Piping

( ( )( )( ) )

where p2 is the final gauge pressure of blocked-in, liquid-full equipment, expressed in kPa; p1 is the initial gauge pressure of blocked-in, liquid-full equipment, expressed in kPa; T2 is the final temperature of blocked-in, liquid full equipment, expressed in C; T1 is the initial temperature of blocked-in, liquid full equipment, expressed in C; v is the cubic expansion coefficient of the liquid, expressed in 1/C; l is the linear expansion coefficient of metal wall, expressed in 1/C; is the isothermal compressibility coefficient of the liquid, expressed in 1/kPa; d is the internal pipe diameter, expressed in metres; E is the modulus of elasticity for the metal wall at T2, expressed in kPa; W is the metal wall thickness, expressed in metres; is Poissons ratio, usually 0,3;

( ) where v is the cubic expansion coefficient, expressed in 1/C; 1 is the density of liquid at the first temperature, expressed in kg/m3; 2 is the density of liquid at the second temperature, expressed in kg/m3; T1 is the first temperature, expressed in C; T2 is the second temperature, expressed in C. ( ( ) )

where is the isothermal compressibility coefficient, expressed in 1/kPa; v1 is the specific volume of liquid at the first pressure, expressed in m3/kg; v2 is the specific volume of liquid at the second pressure, expressed in m3/kg; p1 is the first absolute pressure, expressed in kPa; p2 is the second absolute pressure, expressed in kPa. Referencia: 1 - Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems
ANSI/API STANDARD 521 FIFTH EDITION, JANUARY 2007 (INCLUDES ERRATA JUNE 2007) ADDENDUM, MAY 2008