KAI

2011

(Reports) / 5

2011
, , , ,


:
2011


:
2011

2011



71
106 81,
. +30 2103327779
Fax +30 2103327770
www.ineobservatory.gr

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: www.shutterstock.com

:
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ISBN: 978-960-9571-10-4

2007-2013.

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12

2.2

14

2.3

22

2.4

27

2.5

29

2.6

39

2.7

42

2.8

45

2.9

47

2.10 ,

48

2.11

50

2.12

52

2.13

53

2.14

56

2.15

57

61

27

3.1

61

3.2

67

3.3

71

3.4

75

3.5

81

3.6

84

3.7

88

3.8

97

3.9

101

3.10

106

3.11

109

3.12

114

3.13

118

3.14

124

3.15

129

3.16

133

3.17

137

3.18

143

3.19

149

3.20

152

3.21

155

3.22

158

3.23

162

3.24

165

3.25

169

3.26

171

3.27

177

3.28

184

203

207

27 (2010)

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10.2.2010

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Eurelectric / EPSU / EMCEF

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2020:
,

9.3.2010

30.4.2010

23.6.2010

[COM (2007) 23
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[COM (2009) 591 ]

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(REPORTS) / 5

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[COM (2010) 365

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2010.



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2009. 2009

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2011-2012

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82

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3.5.3 /

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2011 2012.

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(REPORTS) / 5

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3.6.4

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409.000.
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87

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3.600 ,
2008 120.600

51.900 .

3.6.5

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3.7.1


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88

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2010)
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3.8
3.8.1
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(CBI)
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70%

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(33%).

3.8.2

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2,84
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97

3.8.3

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3.8.4

7 30

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3.8.5

98

2011


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300.000 .
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3.8.6

2010
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,
250 (
2011 )
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3.8.7



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3.8.10

100

,
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65 2011

2011, .

 Age UK,

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187 . .
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3.9.1



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90 . .

101

 2010 90 .

, ,
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1
7,65 , 10%

.
15 .
3% 2014.

2011.

,
,

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.

4%
2008 14%
2010 .

102

2011
:

, -

(REPORTS) / 5

5.000 ,

5.000 .

,
, , ,
.

2010.
-
,

. 2011
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3.9.2

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. (
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3.9.3 /

2009 / 2010

. ,


1 .
,

250.000 .

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1987.
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ICTU,
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2014 Croke Park .

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330.000
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2010,
694,69 , 1,4%
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(-0,3%) . , 8 13 ,

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103

3.9.4

CSO 2010,

2008
2009
, .

,

.
.
, 35%
2%.
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,

, .

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5.100
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2010 2009 (ESRI).

104

2003,
(REPORTS) / 5

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(21% )
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5.110 ,
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54%
34% 2003,
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(61%
, 45%
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/
.

53% 62% 2003 2009
20% 26%.

3.9.5

2010.

97 . Aer Lingus 2010.

676
: 230 , 100
, 160
.
, 7,5%
40.000 50.000 , 10%

50.000. 40.000
.

2011, 1,5 .

3.9.6

6,5
2010 80
2009. ,
, , ,
.

3.9.7

2010 ,
60 .
. ,
.

,
90 . ,



1 2011. IBEC
.

4%
12.000, 6% 12.001 24.000
, 9% 24.001 60.000

105

 12% 60.001 . ,
,
, .
66 65 . ,

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3.10
3.10.1
2010
.

.
Mr Lars
Loke Rasmussen, .

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.
,
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, , ..,
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106

(REPORTS) / 5

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2010
, ,
, .

3.10.2 /

.

, -
.

2010 ,

, (Confederation of Danish
Industry)
(Central
Organization of Industrial Employees).

,
. ,

1,07%
2010 1,72% 2011. 1 2011

14,24 .

 1,5%
( ) 2% ( 2011 2,5%).
3
.
85%
.

.
, , ,
dumping. dumping


.


( ). ,


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.

3.10.3

, ,
,
, 6 . , 2010

73% 67% 19952010. , ,
3,
12
65% 1996 53% 2010. ,
(unemployment
funds), ,
1994 2008, 5%,
79% 74%.
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(18-29
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3.10.4

2010 .
. 1970

, .

, .
.
3. .

107

60 62 ( 2019 2022),
-

65 67 (
2024 2027).

3.10.5

. -

2010 2009

(79%).
0,1%, 1,2%.

2010.

2008-2009 ,

(1.100 ).

2009 (200 ).

2010,
.

2011,
,

22

,
-

. 6
, 5 -

108

(REPORTS) / 5

,
2010,

(4%
). ,

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,


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, .
,
/ .
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,
.
,

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10
, ,

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, 2010

68 %

50%

50%

49%
41%

21%

16%

: Larsen et al. (2010)

19%
7%
5%

2008 2009

.
2010 .

,
, , .

3.10.6

.
,
,
4.000 .
TNT Post.

,
1990,
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Vestas .
, . 26
2010
, 1.919
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3.11
3.11.1

(, , ).
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1914.

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Laval


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( 140.000 )

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2002) (REPORTS) / 5

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3.11.2

Laval, -

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Byggnards
Elektrikerna -

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(4 , 3 ),

LO
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dumping
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3.11.3

,
2010.
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1%
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3%
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90%
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11 .

,


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111

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.

20% ,
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, 138

.
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2010) 17%
12% (
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(REPORTS) / 5

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5 ),

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2010


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90 ,

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)

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114

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(REPORTS) / 5

3.12
3.12.1
2010,
, .

13,3 . 2010 8,3 .
2011. , .

8,9% 2009, 8%.
2010, 500.000
. 1% .


,
, .
2010
,
3 2025

. ,


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1.000
2005 2009
(28,3
2005, 29,9 2006, 30,5 2007, 5,7 2008
18,2 2009).

( 2010) , .
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( 2010)

Finnair .
:

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( 2010)
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(S)

(S)


, , ,
-

(AKAVA) ,

.

(JHL)


,

, , (SuPer)
. ,



47.000
.

3.12.3 /

2010 o
300.000 . 1%
.

(2009) 3,9%,
()
8%.

115

, ,
()


1%
. ,

.
, ,

2011 2%, 1%

EK . ,

(STTK),
3%
, .

116

2010


1%

0,5%. , 200.000
2012,

. (YTN)
(REPORTS) / 5

,
1,5%
2010, 1%
0,5%

.
40.000 , , (),

.
2011
( 500.000 )
,
..
,

,
. 2007,
,
, .
2009,

, .

3.12.4

2009 (EK)


(STTK) .
2009,
(, )

.

63 65 ,
.
EK 67
,
,

, .

, ,

, ,
(unemployment
tunnel)
58
,
, .
,
3 , 2025. ,
, 59,4
2008 59,8 2009,

. ,

1999 59 .

,
2010

.
,



.

,
90, ,
,
,
.
,

.
(SAK)

, (STTK)

,

(AKAVA)

.
()

, 3

117

, 59 62
2025.

3.12.5

2010,
TEAM


(S).

6 SAK
, , ,

, .


,
,
.

3.13
3.13.1

118

. ,
, 2010.
,
(REPORTS) / 5

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13 , .

, ,

.

,
2010


,

.
,

.


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,

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.

, Assolombarda,

Confidustria. ,




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,
, , , , ,
.

2009 (
, 5%),
.
, ,

,
.

.

20%


.
,


.


Poste Italiane Spa, ,
2009 10.700 (
150.000 )


2011.
,


,
:

5.800

119

/
,

,

500
.

,
(36 ) (7 12 ),
.
, Telecom
Italia
6.800 2012
24


,
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3.900 ,
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90%
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120

(REPORTS) / 5

,
2012,
.

118



(2010-2012). 20.000 2009 10%

.
,
,




, , ,
.

,
. , ,
3%
,


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.
, -

155

(2010-2013).

()
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,


210

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:

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,

.
,

Piaggio-Aprilia,
,

.

Scorz, 393 12

2010
50% , , .
30%
, 80% .
, ,
,

.


Bosch
,
Modugno Bari
2.200 .

121



,

.

, ,
150
,

2011. ,

,
,
,
.



( , 2010-2012),
200.000
1.700 , ( 90%).

122

150

,
, .

(REPORTS) / 5

( 37,45 38 )

,

( ).


.

(2009-2011),
,
160.000 .

129
,

(585 ) .

:


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,
15% 20%,
,
,


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 call center,


.

3.13.3

CGIL, 5,7 ,
2010 16 1.039 .

- ,

,
Epifani CGIL
.
17%
82%, (78%),
Epifani.


,
,
,

.

(CISL UIL)
, ,

- CGIL

22 2009

.

CGIL

.

3.13.4

.
,
,

.

12 2010

.

, -, :
)

.

123

 ,
.

43%
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) .


, 100
. , 24% .

(65 60 ) 114
.

,

61 2011

65 .

) .


- .

, 2009,
(CGIL)

,


.

124

,

FIAT 2010-2011,

Termini Imerese.
1.350 , 600

(REPORTS) / 5

3.13.5

,
,
.
2012 65 .
,
25.000 .

1,45 .
2019,

.

3.14
3.14.1
2008,


,


.
2001-2005
.

, 2009,
,
3,6%.
2009 11,4% . , 2010
3%
74% 2013. ,
, , ,
..
( )


. ,
, ( )
2010 1,3%,

2010-2012

1% 2010, 1%
2% 2011 1,5% 2%
2012.
, -

2010 :

3.14.2

( 2010,
2010, 2010, 2010)
.
:

) 2010
2010
,

4% 280 . .
, 2009 15.084
, 2010
1.989
( 87%).
2010
2011, 2012
2013.
) 2010
16% 18% 7%
8%.
.

) 2010
,
, 1% 2010.
,

125

 ,
2010 2011

, 8%-15%
0,56%-7%
.
)
,
2010
61
30 , 2.500

( ).

126

) ,
2010
,
, ,

. : i)

36 24
. 24 , . ,


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,
(33

(REPORTS) / 5

45 ). , . iii)

.
,

. iv)
, 16
31 45 .
v) , 2010


. vi) ,
,
,

,
.
) 2010
, ,
,
,
. , : i)
,
(25%
30%), ii) -

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, vi)


, vii) . viii) ,
, 2010,

426 ,
700.000 .


, .

3.14.3

. 1
CCOO
( 5), 2005-2008,

,
, 3,3%,
2009 2,4% 2010 1,3% (
2010
2010).

3.14.4 /

2009,

, 9 2010
(CCOO
UGT) (CEOE, CEPYME) 2010-2012,

.

, ,

, .

, , -

5: , , 2005-2010 (%)
2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010*

: CCOO

3,7

3,0

2,9

3,2

3,2

3,9

4,0

3,9

2,1

1,5

3,3

3,1

3,4

2,4

1,0

* 2010

3,0

3,3

3,6

3,6

3,6

3,5

0,9

3,0

2,3

1,4

3,3

3,1

3,6

2,4

1,3

127

 ,

. ,
,
: i) (
), ii)

, iii) ,

iv)
.
, ,

1%
2010, 1% 2% 2011
1,5% 2% 2012.



,
. ,

,

.

3.14.5

128

28 2010
(REPORTS) / 5

,
,

2010
(

) (


).
, CCOO UGT,

. ,

.
,
.
, ,
(
7%)
( 23%).

(CEOE) (CEPYME),

3%, 5%,
10%. ,
70%.

3.15
3.15.1

.
80 . .
Jose
Socrates
.
,

. ,

.

2010,

,

.

2011.

,
.

.
,
.

, ,
(CIP).
,
(FIEQUIMETAL/ CGTP) .

3.15.2

2009
2010.
2010,
PSD

( )4.

,
PSD

, 4.

.

129



. 2010, (ICE).
, 2
50 .

,
.

31 2010
5 475 (2009) 485 (
1/1/2011)
, 500
.

385,90 2006 500 2010.

3.15.3 /

2010 2346 (.
6). 2008,
, 2010

.
5.
.
6. .

130

(REPORTS) / 5

6: , 2008-10,
2008

2009

2010

172

142

141

97

87

64

27

22

25

296

251

230

304

259

234

137
441

101
362

116
352

7: , 2010,
2010

2,4%
1,0%

5,6%
(475)
0%

2009,

.
.

2010

2,4% 1,4% (.
7). , .

(RMMG),

2006, -

2010 5,6% 450

475 (2009:+5,6%).

2009

, o

(working time accounts and the

so-called concentrated working hours). ,

2010, -

. ,

(AIMMAP)

3.15.4 /
/

. Sonae,

700
.

(Rohde),
980
.

2008 -

( 57,4%). -

, 7, 2010
: 36,2% 2009 2008, 2010 15,6%
2009.


2010. ,
(CIP)
.
,
.
,
(CIP). H

CIP
,
(AEP)
(AIP).
2010
AEP AIP
CIP.

AEP AIP
CIP,
.
AEP AIP CIP .
, 2010 , 7. RM (2010).

131

 8
, 4
(, -, -, ).
,

, . :
,

(SITE Norte),
,

- (SITE CentroNorte),

,


(SITE CSR),
,

(SITE Sul).

3.15.5

2010, 8. 4 2010,

.

,
(CGTP-IN
UGT) 24 -

8. 2009

.

132

(REPORTS) / 5

2010. , 29% .

. , , .
, ,
Volkswagen, .

3.15.6

2010
,


2010-2013. , , 1%.
,

.

3.15.7

2010
. 2 2010-2013
,
:
,

 ,
,

,
,

,

,
,

.

,

, .

3.16

3.15.8 /

3.16.1

2010, 4
,
2011-2013,
.
14
,

, .

2010 . ,





, .
,
.

,

,

,
, ,
,
.

2010
. , ,
,
835 791 2009,

133



, 887 840 2009.

,
, 2010
.
( 2011)

50%.

,
.
(), 178
2009 2010,
108
31.000 ,
140 2009 10.000 .
, ,

2010, 250 , 30.965 , ,
229 2009,
41.871 ( 2009).

134

,
(7,3% 2010 6,1%
2009)
-

(REPORTS) / 5

2010. ,

.

2010,

38 . , . ,
2010

, ..
:

3.16.2

, ,
2009,

.
,
,
.

,

. Eurostat (30 2009),

-27 ( 5,9% 2009),

2008,

 3,5%.

,
, 2008 2009,

, 7%.
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) , 1.700 ,


, .
30%
, 3.600 .
)
31 2010,
() 8% 5%,
10 .
..


,

,

.
,
,

(),

,
.

() ( 2009)

,
.
. , 33%

2010,

(40%), (44%), (47%).
, ,
5,9%
6,6%.
,
Eurostat ( 2010),
-27 (6,2%
2009), 2008,
3,7%.
,
,

,

(), /
,
..

135

3.16.3
(
2009)
(,
, ,
,
,
).
,

,
. ,

.
,
,

. ,

791 .
,
840 ,
4,35
4,62
.

136

Eurostat (2009),

( 2004 2007).
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, , ,
.
(REPORTS) / 5

3.16.4 /
M 18 ,


.
, , 2009
2011,
, . , , .

, 16.000 ,
, ,
(
2010) 150 ,
,
,
1,5%
.

(EB-)
(YKA),

.
, , () ()

 .
,
,

, ,

.

3.16.5

2009, ()

2009
2010.


,


.
,

. 178
43.855 , ,
, - .

,
,

,

,
.

(EK). ,

, EK 1,5%,
.
,


, 2009 , ,
, , , ,
.

3.17
3.17.1
o , 2010, .
Partit
Nazzjonalista (PN),
,
Partit Laburista (PL).

137


,
. ,
.
,
2010,
,
.

,
,

ST Microelectronics
Air Malta, .
2010,
( 2009)
,
,

,

.

138

,
,

.
(REPORTS) / 5

3.17.2

,
, , ,

20

2 , 2010.
,



,
.

,

14
,

,

.
, ,

(46%).
,

 2010 ,
,
.
, ,
,
,
.

, (MPA),



, , , ,

.

15% .
UHM
.



(MCESD), -

. ,
,

.

3.17.3

, 2010,

.

144.406 2010
143.344 2009,
0,7%.

, 2,1% 2010
2009.

,

1,2%, .
1,0%
6,7%
.
,

1974,

.
,
2011 1,16 .
, 2011, 153,45

139

 ( 613
), , ,
314 (
1.256 ).
, 1995-2007, Eurostat,

1,9%.


.

,
,
.
2011.

3.17.4 /

,
, ( ) , 3,5%
2010, 4,1% 2009.

140

7,2% 2009
4,2% 2010. , 3,3%
2010, 3,1% 2009.
(REPORTS) / 5

,
,
2010
1,7%, 2,9% 2009.
,

2010
29, 2009 21.
2010

(MUT) ,

.

3.17.5

2010,

, :
Air , , ST Microelectronics,
.
Air
.
, ,
52 . ,


.

 2004,


,

ST Microelectronics,
- ,
-
1981. ST Microelectronics
,
1.500
.
,
2008 2009,
1.000 . 2010, ,

, , - ,
.
, / ,


3 . . , , 600.000 ,
/
355
,
1.800 .
, ,

94% .
,
,
-
250-350 .


, ( 620
860 ), .
,
,
1% ,


.
,
2010
, .
,
,
2008,
.
,

.
,

GWU,
59 ,

,

141



. ,
Industrial Projects and Services
Limited,
.

,
59
,

( 2001/23/ , 5).

3.17.6

, .

,
(GWU),
60% .

UM,
2004 Forum,

, -
11
, 11.000
( 12%
).

142

Forum

(REPORTS) / 5

,

(MCESD), .

3.17.7

2010,
.

2010, (MUT)
2007
. , ,
. ,

( ). ,
,
2010
.

,
(MUMN),

, . , 700
300 . 100
,


,

, ,
,
170
.

3.17.8

2006
65
1962,
.



(PWG),
2010 45 ,


.
,

( ),

. .

3.18
3.18.1
2010 ,
. , TOP 09
(Vci veejn).
2010
(ODS),
.

, 2010,
2,3%, 9,6% 2010. ,
,

(, ),
.

3.18.2

2009
.
, 2008, 5,3%
, ,
5,7% 6% 2009. ,
,
8,5%,
( ,

143

 ,
-).
2010.

2009. ,
,
koda Auto
(
2009),
75% , . ,
Precheza

2009.
,
.
,
,

(OSTOK) 3%,

. ,
,

6% .

144

, ,
,

2009 6,6%
5%. ,

(REPORTS) / 5

6,5% 2008.
,
,
, 2009, .

3.18.3

( 2010) 2011 , (
2010),
(. 347/2010)

10% ,
,
.. .

.

21 .

2007.

,


.

.


-

 , .
,

.
, , .

.
,
,


.

.

300

.

.
(SP R)
,
, ,
. .

.
,

(

).

3.18.4 /

,
MKOS,
2009-2010 9%. , 42% ,
14%.
(40 / ), 2010 47%

37,5 /
, 53%

5 (4
). ,

95% .

( 2010),
38
, ,
,
, , , ..
, ,

145

,
2010
13, ,
,

. , , ,
,
,
Kurzarbeit ,
80%
, ,

..

146

2010,
,
- (MKOS) (SP R),
2011
5,5 ., 4,6%
().
(
10% ),
, ,
, , -

(REPORTS) / 5

,
.

2011. ,
, ,

. , ,
,

.

( , )
.
MKOS
(RIA),
,

.
, SP R , ,
2,3% 1,4%.
.
H MKOS, ,

,
.

3.18.5
,

(-

2010) CSA
Letit Praha, , esk aeroholding.

(
2009)

. ,

, , ..

. , -

SOLO Suice

170
( 2010)
. 50

.
Ints,

, 130 -

,
. -

180
.

3.18.6 /
2010.
,
20% ,
- (MKOS),
470.000 .

,

2010

,


.

,
150.000
(
10%
). , ( 2010)

, .

21 . CZK ( 856 .
2010).
10%
34%.

(NOS PCR) .

147

 20.000 , ,
, 45.000
.
,


,
, . , 10%
,

,
, , , .

(SP R), ,


2010. 2009
1.600 .
,
(44%)
2010,

. ,
(SST)

.

148

, 2010, 3% -5%, (SCHP R)

(REPORTS) / 5

20%-25% 5%.

, -

- (MKOS), -

, 2010
10% -

.
-

. H , ,

, ,

,
.

3.18.7
-

.

,
.

. ,

. ,
- (MKOS)

3.19
3.19.1
2010,
,
1,7% 2009.


2009 . ,

50% , 42% ,
. ,


.
,
2010
.

2010 :

3.19.2

,

( 1,7% 2009)
2008-2009. ,
( 55% ),

(PO) 2011: ,
23%
(

)
1%
.
, ,
2010
.

3.19.3

, 2010,
3,5%.
,
2010 1.317
PLN ( 330 ), 1.276 PLN ( 295 ) 2009.

3.19.4 /

.

, , 25%.

, ,
, , , , , ,
,

Telecom.

149

3.19.5
,
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,
.
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,


,
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.


29 ,

,
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150

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,
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21.800 , 2009 49 24.000 .

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Zakady Wyrobw Metalowych

2010, .

Fiat
2010 164
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 21 2010 Energa, 10%,

,

.

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,
,
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62.300
45.400 2011-2012. 13


2015,


. , .

2010,

.


2011
22 2010,

5,3% 2011.

28 2011

,
,

PKP Intercity PKP Cargo.
, 2010 PKP Intercity 1.800-2.000 .

29
, ,
50% , ,


,
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,
,
.

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,

151

 50%.

3.19.6

2010 -

,

. -

Wglowa, -

2010

2011-2012, 62.300 45.400

.

KGHM
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10%

, 10%.

, -

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25.600.000 2009. ,
PKP Intercity PKP Cargo,

152

PKP (Grupa PKP). 2010

(REPORTS) / 5

PKP Intercity
1.800-2.000 .

,
.

Powszechny Zakad
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, 2010 2.079

4.576 2010.

3.20
3.20.1

2010,

(FIDESZ-KDNP),

.


20 , (MSZP-SZDSZ)

- .

, , ,
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, 16,6%

.
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,


2008.

3.20.2

2009
,
.

,

2009,
,

31 2010.


2010,

32
210 .

, ,
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,
Volan
2016, ,

.
,
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5%
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,
2014.
,

, ,
279 339
.

153

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154

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250 ,
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3.21
3.21.1

2008 ,

(Socialni Demokrati, SD),

2010 -

,
(SLS)
(SDS).

155


().

,


(
3% 2013),

.

, 2010,

/ .

3.21.2

( 2010),
, ,
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,

,

( )
.

156

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15-30
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,
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3.21.3

2010, 45 ,
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23 ,
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,
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,
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2010,
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157

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,
, .

3.21.4

2010, -
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, 100 600
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3.21.5

,
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(40.000 ) .

158

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3.22
3.22.1

2010 .

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,

,
,

2010, .
(SU SR), 2010, 19%
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,
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,
.
9
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, 2009 28%.
,
,
10% (24% 2009).
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, , :

, 60%
60

9. : ERM (2010).

(SP)
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,
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3.22.2

2010 .

,
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),

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. ,

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, 2011,

.
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. ,
,

159


(Flexikonto).

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3.22.3

(, SR), 2010

( 3035%). , 2010, 33

, 2009 35.

,
2010.

2010,
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. -

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, ,

2010 38,9 ,

39 ,
2009.
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,

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3.22.5

,
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 1,1% 2010
2009. , 12,1% 2009
14,4% 2010,
96% 95,6%
4% 4,4% . ISPP,
Trexima , 10,4%
764.491 ,
4.502 ,
2010.

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2010,
.


,
.

ISPP,
, 2010, 30,8%. ,
, 45,3 2009,
56,7 2010. , , 54,9
2009, 2010 63,0.

3.22.6

2010 (National Seminar on

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, -

,
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1993.
20 ,
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,
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2004.
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2009, ( 72%),

10 -

.
6%
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10. : ERM (2010).

161

3.23
3.23.1
2010, 20
.

, , .

2010 , ,
,
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162

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285 2011.

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142 ,
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163


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427 ).

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, 213, 284
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3.23.3 /

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164

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. ,
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254 3 2010 .
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LDDK , 2010,

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3.24
3.24.1
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, (Reformierakond, RE)

165


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.
,
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,
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, 2009-2010,
.
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3.24.2

,
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, 42.000 .

166

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-

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2008, 278 ( 1,73 /).

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320 2011
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759 1 2010,
784 4 2009,
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2010
2008.
2002
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(ETTK).

3.24.5

2010,
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2007).
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167

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168

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50%
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3.24.6

2010,

( 2010)
(
2010),
(
2010).

, ,
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3.24.7

 , 2010

( 63
60 6
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2017 2026
65
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3.25
3.25.1
2010
.

. ,
28 2009,
.
,

2010. ,
.

,
2010
:

3.25.2

2010
.

. ,



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3.25.3

.
,
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,

169

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2009-2010
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.
,
2004-2008 130
232 . ,
2008 31.12.2010 .

3.25.4 /

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(13%,
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170

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10%, , ,
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, 2010
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.
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(LRTT),

, ,
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3.25.6

2009
-

2010-2011.
2% 12%
.

2011


.

3.25.7

, 2010
,
.

, , , , ,
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29
2010 ,



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3.26
3.26.1
2009, (CEDB) ,
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171

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3.26.2

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1.559.

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9%.

,

2010, 123
.
()


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3.26.4

173


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.

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6
50 .

,
, 90 -
59 ,
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,
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174

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75 ,
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2010,

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) ,
30% ( 8.000 ).
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3.26.6

,
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40 ( 37)
63 ,
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63 . ,

2021 ,
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175


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63 .
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,
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,

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70%,
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3.27
3.27.1
2009,
2010 ,

. , ,
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, , ,
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, , 2007, 2008,
,
.

2009,
,
,
20 . .
,
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177

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3.27.2

178

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50%

6 12 ,

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3
75% .
(REPORTS) / 5

3.27.3
,
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),
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48
,
60 ( 30 ).

.
,
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24 36
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3.27.4

2010,

1.377 RON, 6,4%
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, ,
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1.913 ( 2009) 1.601 RON ( 2010).

 ,
600 RON,
(
)
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3.27.5 /

, 2010,
(2007-2010)


(2011-2014) .



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(ACPR).

2011.


600 700 Lei
(RON) 145 169 , 1 2011. , ,


,
.

2009

,
( 2010), ( 2010-2011),
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(2010-2014).
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, 51 458 ),
3.698
, 2009. , 1.568 .
540.000 .

3.27.6

,
2010,
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Dialogue Code). , (. 54/2003),
(. 356/2001),
(. 130/1996),

(CES).

179

 ,
, / .
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25%-30% .

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,

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.

180

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15,5%,
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10 /

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.

2010, , (),


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. 140.000 2011.

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CES

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2010, 40.000-50.000

.
31 , 15 ,

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181

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,
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99
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,
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70.000 .
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200.000
2010,
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2010
187.000 . ,
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()

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95/1949

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2010,

40.000-50.000 ,
.

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183


2009.
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12 ,
17 ,
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2010.

3.27.9

184

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15%

.
(REPORTS) / 5

, 2010,
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, 2010, . 263/2010

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59 64
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63 2030 ,
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2015.

35

2015
2030 .
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RON ,
.

3.28
3.28.1
,
,


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.

2010 -
.
.


,
.
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.

,


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(17,7% 2011
),
( 20%),
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45,


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2010,
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1 5
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2010

30%.

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25 ,
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24
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:

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(
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3.28.3

2010
.

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191

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740 33 (

1/5/2009).
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2013, 11% (
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, 150.000
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.
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360 2018 .

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-, 28, .

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/, 27, .

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ISBN: 978-960-9571-10-4