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Unit Conversion
Unit Conversion
The conversion factors shown below are approximate and were taken from a variety of sources. When dealing with liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons, the actual volume, weight, mass, or heat content may depend upon a range of factors such as the specific gravity of the fluid, the amount (if any) of water entrained in the mixture, the temperature and pressure at which the measurements are taken, and other factors. Consequently, in many cases there is no single factor that can be used for conversion. The factors below may be used as rules of thumb and will work for general comparison purposes or calculations. Thermal conversion factors measure the equivalent heating content of various fuels in British Thermal Units (Btus). In the U.S., common practice is to use the gross or upper end of the range of heat content values for a specific product. In Europe, net or lower end heat content rates are typically used. The difference is the amount of energy that is consumed to vaporize the water created during the combustion process. This difference is typically 2 to 10%, depending on the specific fuel and its hydrogen content. Some fuels, such as unseasoned wood, can be more than 40% different in their gross and net heat content rates. [Source: U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration] Conversion tables included:
Volume Mass/Weight Length Area Energy Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Products Million Btu (MMBtu) per Barrel
Volume
Unit multiplied by X X Approximate Conversion Factor 42 34.97 equals Unit
= =
US gallons (gal) Imperial gallons (UK gal) tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) cubic metres (m3) cubic feet (f3) of natural gas barrels of oil equivalent (boe) cubic metres (m3) cubic metres (m3) barrels of oil equivalent (boe) barrels (bbl) liters (l) Imperial gallons (UK gal) US gallon (gal)
0.136
barrels of oil (bbl) barrels of oil equivalent (boe) tonnes of oil equivalent (toe) cubic yards (y3) cubic feet (f3) cubic feet (f3) of natural gas US gallons (gal) US gallons (gal) US gallons (gal)
X X
0.1589873 5,658.53
= =
7.33 [1]
X X X
= = =
X X X
= = =
1.201
4.545
liters (l)
[1] This conversion can range from 6.5 to 7.9 depending on the type of crude oil. This factor is intended to provide an approximation that can be used when the exact factor is unknown.
Mass/Weight
Unit multiplied by X X Approximate Conversion Factor 2,000 0.9071847 equals Unit
= =
pounds (lb) metric tonnes (t) metric tonnes (t) pounds (lb) kilograms (kg)
long tons
1.016047
long tons metric tonnes (t) metric tonnes (t) metric tonnes (t) pounds (lb) kilograms (kg)
X X
2,240 1,000
= =
0.9842
long tons
1.102
short tons
X X
0.45359237 2.2046
= =
Length
Unit multiplied by X X X X Approximate Conversion Factor 1.609344 0.9144 0.3048 2.54 equals Unit
= = = =
kilometers (km) meters (m) meters (m) centimeters (cm) miles (mi)
kilometer (km)
0.62137
Area
Unit multiplied by X X Approximate Conversion equals Factor 0.40469 2.589988 = = Unit
acres square miles (mi2) square yards (yd2) square feet (ft2) square inches (in2)
0.8361274
0.09290304
6.4516
Energy
Unit multiplied by X Approximate Conversion Factor 1,055.05585262 equals Unit
British Thermal Units (Btus) calories (cal) kilowatt hours (kWh) therms
joules (J)
X X
4.1868 3.6
= =
100,000
tonnes of oil equivalent tonnes of oil equivalent tonnes of oil equivalent tonnes of oil equivalent cubic feet (f3) of natural gas
10,000,000
396.83
therms
41.868
gigajoules (GJ)
11,630
1,025
Approximate Heat Content of Petroleum Products Million Btu (MMBtu) per Barrel
Energy Source Crude Oil Natural Gas Plant Liquids Asphalt Aviation Gasoline Butane Butane-Propane (60/40) Mixture Distillate Fuel Oil Ethane Ethane-Propane (70/30) Mixture Isobutane Jet Fuel, Kerosene-type Jet Fuel, Naphtha-type Kerosene Lubricants Motor Gasoline - Conventional MMBtu/bbl 5.800 3.735 6.636 5.048 4.326 4.130 5.825 3.082 3.308 3.974 5.670 5.355 5.670 6.065 5.253 Energy Source Natural Gasoline Pentanes Plus MMBtu/bbl 4.620 4.620
Other oils >= 401 F 5.825 Still Gas Petroleum Coke Plant Condensate Propane Residual Fuel Oil Road Oil Special Naphthas Still Gas Unfinshed Oils Unfractionated Stream Waxes 6.000 6.024 5.418 3.836 6.287 6.636 5.248 6.000 5.825 5.418
5.150
5.537
3.539
Miscellaneous
5.796