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What is a noun phrase?

A noun phrase is a phrase which includes: 1. a noun (also called head) 2. and optionally modifiers. Examples:

Love is a beautiful feeling. (Love is a noun phrase without modifiers. However, a beautiful feeling is a noun phrase that includes a noun, feeling, and the determiner a and the adjective beautiful) My house is over there. (My house is a noun phrase which consists of the noun house and a modifier - the possessive adjective my)

Possible noun modifiers


A noun phrase may optionally contain noun modifiers. If these modifiers are placed before the noun they are called pre-modifiers. However, if they are placed after the noun, they are called post-modifiers. Possible noun modifiers include the following: 1. Determiners:

articles (the, a), demonstratives (this, that) numerals (two, five, etc.) possessives (my, their, etc.) quantifiers (some, many, etc.).

In English, determiners are usually placed before the noun; 2. adjectives (the delicious food) 3. complements, in the form of a prepositional phrase (such as: the student of physics), or a That-clause (the idea that the world is a small village )

Functions of a noun phrase


Noun phrases can function as subjects, objects:

1. That sophisticated woman is beautiful. (That sophisticated woman is a noun phrase that functions as a subject.) 2. I like the book that you bought. (the book that you bought is a noun phrase that functions as an object.)

Some examples of noun phrases are underlined in the sentences below. The head noun appears in bold. The election year politics are annoying for many people. Almost every sentence contains at least one noun phrase. Current economic weakness may be a result of high energy prices. Noun phrases can be identified by the possibility of pronoun substitution, as is illustrated in the examples below. a. This sentence contains two noun phrases. b. It contains them. a. The subject noun phrase that is present in this sentence is long. b. It is long. a. Noun phrases can be embedded in other noun phrases. b. They can be embedded in them.

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