Temperature Control Engine Water Pump

Srinivasan.S Department of Mechanical Engineering (M.E Engineering Design) St.Peters Institute Of Higher Education And Research
ABSTRACT This project presents the Brushless DC drive design of water pump system for automotive application. Electric water pumps offer several advantages. Among them, the efficiency is the main reason for electric water pumps. Conventional mechanical water pump is directly connected by the engine belt. For this reason, regardless of coolant circulation, the conventional mechanical water pump is always operated. The way which the mechanical water pump is replaced by electric water pump could reduce energy consumption. Here a simple compact design can be obtained therefore high speed can be achieved by eliminating belts and pulleys. Since every point of increase in temperature results in the increase of the speed of the pump. INTRODUCTION A water pump motor is device that is commonly found in motor vehicles like cars, trucks, buses, and trains. This pump distributes the heat that is produced by internal combustion engines. The heat is actually the end form of wasted energy produced when these motor engines work. Without the water pump, the heat can build up inside the engine causing the engine to overheat. If this process continues, the engine will be eventually destroyed. In simpler terms, a pump keeps the temperature at acceptable levels by dissipating the heat. Most water pumps look like a disc. It is circular and made from a combination of steel and aluminum. The inside of this device is also circular with chambers. Then a spindle is located in the middle with several protrusions that look more like paddles for small boats. It is usually found in front of the car, which is normally in front of the engine. It can be bolted against the radiator. At the same time, another set of hoses is used to connect the pump to the engine in a closed circuit. On the other hand, a fan belt is then utilized to connect the central spindle of the pump to the engine output.engine or on the mounting of the engine. Keeping the water pump bolted will keep it in place even during rough drives. A hose is used to connect this device to the NEED FOR THIS PROJECT The coolant needs to run round the engine taking the heat from the block and dissipating it in the radiator. Most cars come with mechanical water pumps which have a number of drawbacks, will take a look at the benefits of upgrading to an electric water pump. Mechanical pumps take a lot of power from the engine. They also rotate and therefore pump in proportion to the engine RPM. This does an adequate job but causes the following 2 issues. 1. After a hard run with lots of heat in the engine the pump will slow down as you slow down. This can mean the engine temperature raises to dangerously high levels. When the engine is cold the coolant is being pumped round at the same rate as a warm engine causing the engine to take longer to warm up.

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This is tolerable on a standard car which rarely is driven hard. But when you have a highly tuned car and frequently take it for a spirited drive you can start to experience problems associated with overheating ARDUINO Arduino is a popular open-source single-board microcontroller, descendant of the open-source Wiring platform designed to make the process of using electronics in multidisciplinary projects more accessible. The hardware consists of a simple open hardware design for the Arduino board with an Atmel AVR processor and on-board input/output support. The software consists of a standard programming language compiler and the boot loader that runs on the board. Arduino hardware is programmed using a Wiring-based language (syntax and libraries), similar to C++ with some slight simplifications and modifications, and a Processing based integrated development environment. Current versions can be purchased pre-assembled; hardware design information is available for those who would like to assemble an Arduino by hand. Additionally, variations of the Italian-made Arduino with varying levels of compatibility have been released by third parties; some of them are programmed using the Arduino software. DESIGN PROCESS TASK The task of our project is to overcome the problems in the mechanical water pump we are using ELECTRICAL WATER PUMP. REQUIREMENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Water pump DC motor Temperature sensor Electronic controller kit 12v adaptor

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Display unit gears BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig .1 SPECIFICATION Operating voltage Nominal voltage Current Speed Torque Efficiency Weight Shaft diameter 5V to 15V 12V 1.9A 10700RPM 18 N-m 75% 91g 2.3mm

The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling. The LM35 does not require any external calibration or trimming to provide typical accuracies of 14C at room temperature and 34C over a full 55 to +150Ctemperature range. Low cost is assured by trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The LM35s low output impedance, linear output, and precise inherent calibration make interfacing to readout or control circuitry especially easy. It can be used with single power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies. As it draws only 60 A from its supply, it has very low self-heating, less than 0.1C in still air. The LM35 is rated to operate over a 55 to +150C temperature range, while the LM35C is rated for a 40 to +110C range (10with improved accuracy). The LM35 series is available packaged in hermetic TO-46 transistor packages, while theLM35C, LM35CA, and LM35D are also available in the plastic TO-92 transistor package. The LM35D is also available in an 8-lead surface mount small outline package and a plastic TO-220 package. FEATURES 1. 2. Calibrated directly in Celsius (Centigrade) Linear + 10.0 mV/C scale factor

TEMPERATURE SENSOR The Thermistor is another type of temperature sensor, whose name is a combination of the words THERM-ally sensitive res-ISTOR. A thermistor is a type of resistor which changes its physical resistance with changes in temperature

3. 0.5C accuracy guarantee able (at +25C) 4. Rated for full 55 to +150C range 5. Suitable for remote applications 6. Low cost due to wafer-level trimming 7. Operates from 4 to 30 volts
8. 9. 10. 11. Less than 60 A current +drain Low self-heating, 0.08C in still air Nonlinearity only 14C typical Low impedance output, 0.1 W for 1 mA load

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Fig.2 Thermal Resistance Junction to Air Thermal Time Constant Thermal Response in Still Air Thermal Response in Stirred Oil Bath Minimum Supply Voltage vs. Temperature Quiescent Current vs. Temperature Accuracy vs. Temperature Noise voltage Startup response

APPLICATIONS The LM35 can be applied easily in the same way as other integrated-circuit temperature sensors. It can be glued or cemented to a surface and its temperature will be within

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

about 0.01C of the surface temperature. This presumes that the ambient air temperature is almost the same as the surface temperature; if the air temperature were much higher or lower than the surface temperature, the actual temperature of the LM35 die would be at an intermediate temperature between the surface temperature and the air temperature. These devices are sometimes soldered to a small lightweight heat fin, to decrease the thermal time constant and speed up the response in slowly-moving air. On the other hand, a small thermal mass may be added to the sensor, to give the steadiest reading despite small deviations in the air temperature WORKING PRINCIPLE 1. A 12V adaptor is plugged into the 240V AC supply . 2. Adaptor plug is connected into the port of the electronic controller kit and switched on. 3. After few seconds system responds to work. Now temperature sensor reads the room temperature. 4. The corresponding room temperature is displayed in the LCD display unit. 5. Soldering stick was connected into the another plug point and switched on. So the heat is gradually increased at the soldering stick. 6. Now the soldering stick was made contact into the temperature sensor. Here sensor receiving every point of the raise in temperature. 7. After receiving the signal, it was send to the microcontroller to execute the program. 8. Controller ATmega8L processing the input temperature and sending the datas to the L293D motor driver. 9. L293D driver controls the speed of the motor shaft which is proportional to the input temperature. 10. If the input temperature raises then motor speed also raises and vise versa. ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Arduino board was designed using eagle software. ICs were positioned at the desired places on the board area using this eagle software. Now the designed board was taken into the manufacturing process. Program interfacing IC was soldered on the board primarily. Then the controller ATmega8(L) was soldered at the desired area on the board. The L293D motor driver also soldered opposite to the controller which is interfaced with it. Display port was soldered at the right top corner of the board and thus it was interfaced with the program chip. Then the separate display unit was plugged into the display port. Adaptor port is fixed at the bottom corner of the board and the 12V adaptor was plugged to it.

10. Next to the display port temperature sensor was plugged into the pin. 11. Water pump, motor and electronic controller kit were fitted on the rectangular wooden board. 12. A plastic spur gear was connected on the motor shaft and the another plastic spur gear was connected at the water pump shaft. 13. Finally the two spur gear teeths were made into contact to rotate the pump impeller for coolant circulation. ADVANTAGES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Engine efficiency is increase. Energy upto 12% of the engine can be saved. Compact design. High speed of engine can be achieved. High cooling effect is obtained. More flexibility during operation Engine space can be reduced Noise can be reduced APPLICATIONS 1. 2. 3. Automobile race cars Electric race cars Electric hybrid vehicle CONCLUSION There are many uses of the temperature controlled water pump in the automobile vehicles. Because it is very compact and less space required to place the engine on the chassis then the mechanism can be able to perform at the different speeds at the different temperature of the engine in any on road condition application areas very easily. Nowadays mostly this water type water pumps are using in electric vehicles and race cars. In order to increase the very high cooling effect and engine overall efficiency temperature control water pump is introduced. The main advantage of this mechanism is giving the multiple advantage and high speed of engine can be achieved Future uses may be in the place of petrol or diesel engine vehicles in the automobile field. REFERENCE 1. Heywood J. B. (1988). Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, Mcgraw-Hill, Singapore, 1988 Automobile Technology, Kapil Singh. Advance Ic Engines,V.Ganesan. Diesel Engine Reference Book, Bernard Challen, Rodica Baranescu

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