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'UNCLOSwon'tresolvesearow'
ByJoseKatigbak,STARWashingtonBureau(ThePhilippineStar) Postedat06/22/20127:43AM|Updatedasof06/22/20127:50AM
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WASHINGTONUSaccessiontotheUnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSea (UNCLOS)willnotresolveconflictingclaimsbyanumberofcountriesincludingthe PhilippinesandChinatobarrenislands,reefs,shoalsandcoraloutcropsintheSouthChina Sea,saidretiredadmiralJamesLyons,aformercommanderoftheUSPacificFleet. TheargumentmadethatwemusthaveaseatatthetabletosecuretheUSNavysfreedom ofnavigationandothertransitrights,includingtherightofinnocentpassage,isnonsense,he wroteinanarticlepublishedinWednesdaysissueofTheWashingtonTimes. PresidentAquinoduringanofficialvisittoWashingtoninearlyJunetoseekUSbackinginthe WestPhilippineSeawascarefulnottopubliclyvoicesupportfortheObamaadministrations effortsinCongresstomaketheUSasignatorytoUNCLOS,butaidesprivatelysaidthe Philippinessupportedsuchamove. LyonssaidtheassertionthatUSrightstofreedomofnavigationwouldbeerodedunlessit joinedthetreatywassimplyfalse. TheUnitedStateshasenjoyedthesamenavigationrightsandfreedomsavailabletothe153 partiestoUNCLOSfordecadesandwillcontinuetodosowithoutbecomingamember,he said. Ratifyingthetreatywillnotendexcessiveandillegalclaimsbyothernationsnorwillithelp resolveUSissueswithIranandChina,hesaid. HepointedoutIranwasnotapartytothetreatyandthereforevieweditselfasnotboundbyits terms. China,whichispartytoUNCLOS,hasnonethelessundertakenillegalmaritimeclaimsinthe SouthChinaSea,manipulatingthetextofthetreatyasameanstosupporttheseclaims, Lyonssaid. Furthermore,ChinaillegallyhasclaimedsovereigntyoveralmosttheentireSouthChina Sea,renderingUNCLOSinapplicableinChinasview,hesaid. HesaidtheUNCLOShadprovisionsthatcouldseriouslyinterferewithlegitimateUSnaval operationsbyallowingothernationstoavailthemselvesofthetreatysmandatorydispute resolutionmechanisms. Thesecouldbeusedtointerferewithtrainingexercisesandotheroperations,suchas hydrographicsorintelligence.Suchinterferencecouldadverselyimpactourantisubmarine warfareoperationswithseriousconsequences,headded. Feasiblebutcostly Meanwhile,theformerpresidentoftheAssociationofStructuralEngineersofthePhilippines (ASEP)yesterdaysaidputtingupapermanentstructureinthedisputedPanatag (Scarborough)Shoalisfeasiblebutcostly.

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WhileitwouldbetheAquinoadministrationthatwilldecideonwhetherapermanentstructure wouldbebuiltinPanatagShoal,thepossibilityispresent,saidformerASEPpresidentCesar Pabalan. Thisispossiblebut(erectingabridgefromZambalestoPanatagShoal)wouldbeverylong. Itwouldalsobeverycostly,thefunding,wherewillitcomefrom?saidPabalan. Ithasbeenreportedthattheshoalislocated124nauticalmilesfromZambalesprovince. Pabalanaddedthateveniftheshoalisattimesexposedtoharshweathersuchastyphoons thatbringaboutroughseas,infrastructureprojectscouldstillbebuiltthere. Itcanwithstandweather.Itcanbedesigned(andbuilt)aslongasitwouldconformwiththe NationalBuildingCodeandNationalStructuralCodeofthePhilippines.Anythingthatwould bedesignedandconstructedshouldconformwithourbuildingcodes,Pabalansaid. Apartfromcomplyingwiththebuildingcode,headdedthatthedesignshouldalsotakeinto considerationthelateralloadagainstthewindandtheearthquake. Healsosaidthatthereshouldbeageotechnicalreportonthematerial,classificationofsoil sothatwecanchoosewhatfoundationtypewouldbeused. Hesaysthedepthofthewaterleadingtotheshoalwillalsonotbeaproblem. He,however,stressedthatthesuccessoftheseprojectswilldependonwhetherornotthere willbeobjectionsfromotherclaimantcountries. US,PHstandbytreaty FortheUnitedStatestopdiplomatinthePhilippines,thereisnodoubtandnoquestionthat hisgovernmentstandsbyitscommitmentundertheMutualDefenseTreaty(MDT). Westandbyourtreatycommitment.Itsamazingtomethatpeoplewouldquestionthat,US AmbassadorHarryThomasJr.toldthemediaduringthefirstKapihansaEmbahada. HesaidtheUSisconcernedabouttheeventsintheWestPhilippineSea(SouthChinaSea), includingthetensionssurroundingPanatagShoal,emphasizingthatWashingtonopposes coercionbyanynationtoadvanceitsclaimandtheUSclearlysupportstheCodeofConduct betweenChinaandASEAN. However,Thomasdidnotgiveacategoricalanswerwhenaskedabouttheprovisioninthe MDTonanattackononepartybeingconsideredanattackontheother,sayingitis hypotheticalandtheUShopesfordeescalationandnoviolenceinthedisputedwaters. Allwecansay(is)westandbyourcommitmentsandImnotgoingtochangethat.The SecretaryofState,thePresidentoftheUnitedStateshavealsosaidwestandbyourtreaty commitments,hesaid. USembassyPoliticalCounselorandactingDeputyChiefofMissionJoyYamamotosaid,The languageoftheMDTdemonstratesourverystrongcommitmenttothePhilippines. AccordingtoYamamotoandThomas,theUSsupportssettlementofdisputesintheWest PhilippineSeatowardstheuseofarulesbasedregimeinaccordancewithinternationallaw andtheInternationalTribunalontheLawoftheSea(ITLOS). Wevebeenveryconsistentthroughoutthedisputeinsupportinginternationallawand settlementofthiskindofdisputeunderinternationallawsowewouldsupportChinaandthe Philippinessettlingtheissuethroughinternationalmeans,Yamamotosaid. ChinaaccusedtheUSofcreatingtensionintheregionandrepeatedlywarnedthatterritorial disputesovertheWestPhilippineSeawereissuesbetweenChinaandclaimantcountries. BeijingsaiditwouldnotallowUSinvolvementinterritorialdisputes. TheambassadorsaidtheUShasbeenveryclearthatittakesnosideinterritorialdisputesor crosscuttingclaimsbetweenseveralstatesnotjustChina,buturgedallpartiestositdown andironoutdisputesinapeacefulandlegalmanner. AlthoughtheUSpositionisnottogetinvolvedinterritorialdisputes,SecretaryofStateHillary ClintonrecentlytestifiedbeforetheSenateForeignRelationsCommitteehearingconcernson theUSaccessiontoUNCLOSandsaidChineseclaimsexceededwhatwaspermittedbythe convention. ClearlythisissomethingthatSecretaryClintonrecentlytestifiedinsupportofthelaw.Weve towaittoseewhatourSenatewereunderorderstobeverycarefulintermsofpending legislationwecommenton,Thomassaid.AsSecretaryClintonhassaid,sheviewsthat (UNCLOS)asareaffirmationofoursupportforfreedomofnavigation,unimpededcommerce andtreatybaseddecisionmakingoninternationaldisputes. TheUSexpressedsupportfortheestablishmentoftheNationalCoastWatchCenterthatwill enablethePhilippinestoknowwhatishappeninginitsmaritimeterritoryona24hourbasis. ForeignAffairsSecretaryAlbertdelRosariosaidtheUSsupportfortheNationalCoastWatch SystemwasannouncedduringtheluncheonhostedbyClintonlastJune8inWashington. TheUS,Thomassaid,isassistingthePhilippinesinthecoastwatchsystemtobeabletosee

whatisgoingoninthemaritimeterritory,especiallyintermsofhumanitarianassistanceand disasterrelief. ClintonsaidtheUSsupportwouldcomeintheformofintelligenceexchangesonmaritime domainissuesandfundingfortheconstructionoftheNationalCoastWatchCenteraswellas equipmentandtraining. TheDepartmentofNationalDefense(DND)alsoexpressedsupportyesterdayforthereturnof PhilippinevesselstoPanatagShoal. DefenseSecretaryVoltaireGazminsaidPhilippineshipsshouldreturntotheshoaloncethe weatherconditionimprovessinceChinesevesselshaveremainedinthearea. Whynot?TheChinesearenotleavingthearea.Weneedtogoback,GazminsaidinFilipino whenaskedifhewouldrecommendsendingbackshipstotheshoaloncetheweather improves. GazminsaidChinacouldusethepresenceofitsshipsintheareatoassertitsclaimoverthe shoal,whichiswellwithinPhilippineterritory. Paghindimotinauhanyunglugarnayun(Ifyoudontputpersonnelinthatarea),they (China)canciteoccupancy,thattheyarethereandthatwillbethebasisfortheirclaim,the defensechiefsaid. ShipsoftheCoastGuardandtheBureauofFisheriesandAquaticResources(BFAR)might besenttotheshoalincasethegovernmentdecidestorestoreitspresenceinthedisputed area,headded. Lastweek,PresidentAquinoorderedtwoPhilippineshipstopulloutoftheshoalduetobad weather. OrderedtoreturntoportwasaPhilippineCoastGuardshipandaBFARvessel,which symbolizedthecountrysclaimoverthearea. AquinoorderedthepullouteveniftropicalstormButchoywashittingthePhilippineseastern seaboard,notthewesternportionwherePanatagShoalislocated,althoughtheseasaround Panatagwererough. DelRosariosaidtheywouldevaluatewhethertheshipswouldbesentbackoncetheweather improves. TheDepartmentofForeignAffairshadclaimedthatChinawouldalsopulloutitsshipsbutthis waslaterdeniedbyBeijing. Beijingsdenialdashedhopesthatthestandoff,whichtriggeredfreshtensionsintheWest PhilippineSea,wasnearingitsend. DNDearlierclaimedthatthepulloutofvesselswouldnotweakenthePhilippinesclaimover thearea,whichisrichinmarineresources. LastMonday,AquinosaidthegovernmentisreadytosendshipsbacktotheshoalifChinese vesselsremaininthearea. Theguidelinesareveryclear.Iftherearevesselsthatarenotours,wehavetosendbackour vessels,thePresidentsaid.WithEvelynMacairan,PiaLeeBrago,AlexisRomero

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