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    102 views76 pages

    Basic Algebra

    Uploaded by

    Patty Hi

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 76

    iMath

    .. ()
    . ()
    ..1


    .. 1




    1.

    2.

    3.

    4.
    5.

    6.
    7.
    8.
    9.

    10.
    11.
    1
    12.
    13.
    14.




    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    6.
    7.
    8.
    9.
    10.
    11.
    12.

    1
    1
    7
    10
    10
    19
    24
    27
    29
    38
    54
    57

    1.
    :

    1.
    2.
    3. ()
    4. ()
    1

    (4 + 8) 3 5 + (2 2 + 9)
    = 12 3 5 + (4 + 9)

    (4 + 8) 3 5 + (2 2 + 9)

    = 12 3 5 + 13
    = 4 5 + 13
    = 20 + 13

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    4 + 8 = 12, 2 2 = 4
    4 + 9 = 13
    12 3 = 4
    4 5 = 20

    = 33

    [4 + (7 3) ] + 2
    2

    [4 + (7 3) ] + 2
    2

    = 4 + 42 + 2

    = [4 + 16] + 2
    = 20 + 2
    = 22

    ; 73= 4
    ; 4 2 = 16
    ; 4 + 16 = 20

    2.
    :
    ()

    .. 1

    3a

    ab
    5a

    d3
    3xy

    a[b(cd )]
    t
    3b

    2(4)

    x+ y4

    3 a

    ab
    5 a
    d d d

    3 x y y
    a (b c d )

    t (3 b )

    2 4

    x+ y4

    x = 7, y = 3

    = 7+34

    x 7 y 3

    = 10 4
    =6

    2a + 3b

    2a + 3b

    y2
    3x

    a = 4, b = 12

    = 2(4) + 3(12)
    = 8 + 36
    = 44

    a 4 b 12

    y = 6, x = 3

    y2
    3x

    62
    3(3)
    36
    =
    9
    = 36 9
    =

    y 6 x 3

    =4

    .. 1

    1
    1.
    6 x = 6 x
    1.1 6(3ab) = ....................................................................................
    1.2 (3a)(2b) = ................................................................................
    1.3
    1.4

    5ab 2
    = ......................................................................................
    3c 3 d
    ab
    4d = ..................................................................................
    c
    (ab) 2 = .....................................................................................

    1.5
    2. (4 + 3)2 5 6
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    3. 2 5 + 3
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    4. 5 (2 + 3) 4 + 5 6
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    5. 21 + 2 9
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    6. 3(5) + 4 2
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    7. 18 3 5
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    8. 5(6 + 32 )
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    9. (9 7 )3

    12
    3 2

    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    10. a = 7, b = 6, c = 4 d = 3
    3a + 4b 2d =...................................... =...................................... =.................
    abc 21 =...................................... =...................................... =.................
    (3b + 2c ) d =...................................... =...................................... =.................
    =...................................... =.................
    3b + (2c d ) =......................................
    cd 2 =...................................... =...................................... =.................
    (cd )2 =...................................... =...................................... =.................
    11.
    3 (19 4) +

    23 7
    2

    4 2 3 4 + (6 6)

    (7

    +1 5
    21
    2
    3 2

    [4 + (7 3) ]+ 2
    [7 (8 6) ] 1
    2

    =......................................

    =...................................... =.................

    =......................................
    =......................................

    =...................................... =.................
    =...................................... =.................

    =......................................

    =...................................... =.................

    =......................................
    2
    =......................................
    [(4 + 3)2] 7 =......................................
    17 2[8 (17 14 )] =......................................

    =......................................
    =......................................
    =......................................
    =......................................

    =.................
    =.................
    =.................
    =.................

    .. 1

    12. y = 36, x = 25 w = 20

    xy
    ( x + w)
    w

    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    13.

    5 2 + (4 3) = 37

    72 6 + 3 =

    46 + 4 36 4 + 5 =

    46

    7 + 42 2 + 6 =

    38 5 +1 =

    4+875 =

    10

    .. 1

    3.
    :
    (
    = )
    5+4 =9
    ;
    10 - 3 = 7
    ;
    ;
    2(5 + 6) = 2(5) + 2(6)
    ;
    5 + 2 3 = 21


    5+4 =x
    10y - 4 = 26
    2a = 8
    3x = 1
    4



    6 (8, 9, 10) 5 + 4 = x
    x
    5+4 =x
    5+4 =8
    x 8
    9 =8
    8

    5+4 =x
    5+4 =9
    x 9
    9 =9
    9

    .. 1

    7 (1, 2, 3) 10y - 4 = 26
    y
    10y - 4 = 26
    10(1) - 4 = 26
    y 1
    10 - 4 = 26
    6 = 26
    1

    10y - 4 = 26
    10(2) - 4 = 26
    y 2
    20 - 4 = 26
    16 = 26
    2

    10y - 4 = 26
    10(3) - 4 = 26
    y 3
    30 - 4 = 26
    26 = 26
    3

    .. 1

    2
    1. ()
    x = 14 + 38 (52, 42, 24)
    (14, 16, 19)
    3m = 48
    (0.80, 1.80, 5.30)
    1.3 c = 0.50
    792
    (44, 54, 99)
    =8
    w

    2.
    5x

    34 + 16

    = 100

    =x

    d 7

    = 24

    t +8

    = 18

    x = ........
    x = ........
    d = ........
    t = ........

    3.

    C=

    5( F 32)
    C
    9

    F
    32
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    10

    4.
    :
    1
    x+5

    = 10

    3x + 4

    = 25

    x+4
    3x + 4
    5

    = 3x + 6

    2 x + 8(3 6 x )

    = 25
    = 25 5 x

    5.
    :

    ()

    a = b
    5 = 5
    a+c = b+c
    5+2 = 5+2
    7 = 7

    ()

    a = b
    5 = 5
    a-c = b-c
    5-2 = 5-2
    3 = 3

    .. 1

    11

    y 34 = 15

    y 34
    y 34 + 34

    = 15
    = 15 + 34

    = 49

    y 34

    = 15

    49 34

    = 15

    15

    = 15

    34

    y 49

    15
    9

    w + 4.35 = 7.23

    w + 4.35

    w + 4.35 4.35

    = 7.23

    = 7.23 4.35

    = 2.88

    w + 4.35

    = 7.23

    2.88 + 4.35

    = 7.23

    7.23

    = 7.23

    4.35

    w 2.88

    2.88

    .. 1

    12

    3
    1. 15 + x = 21
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    2. 40 + n = 70
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    3. p + 82 = 142
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    13

    4. 24 = x 5
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    5. 8 = f 6
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    6. 19 = 13 + s
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    14

    ()

    a = b
    6 = 6
    ac = bc
    6(2) = 6(2)
    12 = 12

    : ( 0)

    ()

    6 = 6
    a = b
    6
    a = b
    ,c 0
    = 6
    c

    2 = 2
    10

    p
    =2
    4

    p
    4
    p
    4
    4

    =2
    = 24

    =8

    p
    4
    8
    4

    =2
    =2

    p 8

    =2

    .. 1

    11

    15

    24 = 6 z

    24
    24
    6

    = 6z
    6z
    =
    6

    =z

    24

    = 6z

    24

    = 6(4)

    24

    = 24

    z 4

    = 48
    48
    =
    16

    16

    4
    12 16 x = 48

    16 x
    16 x
    16

    =3

    16 x

    = 48

    16(3)

    = 48

    48

    = 48

    x 3

    .. 1

    16

    4
    1.

    s
    = 18
    7

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    2. 23 4 = w
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    3.

    9=

    c
    60

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    17

    4. 18.4 = 0.2q
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    5.

    p
    = 3.6
    0.6

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    6. 3m = 183
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    7.

    18

    f
    = 56
    7

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    8. 102 = 17 p
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    9. 1.4t = 3.22
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    19

    6.
    13 2 3 + 4

    1 2 3 6
    2 6 4 10

    2 3 + 4 = 10
    2 x + 6
    1 2 x 2x
    2 2x 6 2x + 6

    1, 8 + 5 x
    1
    2
    2.

    5x 4

    1
    2
    3.

    4x + 6

    1
    2
    4.

    d
    4
    12

    1
    2

    .. 1

    5.

    6+

    20

    w
    3

    1
    2
    ()()

    14 2 x + 4 = 8

    1 2 x 2x
    2 4 2x 8

    1 4
    2x + 4 4
    2x

    =84

    =4

    2
    2x
    2
    x

    4
    2

    =2

    2x + 4

    =8

    2(2) + 4

    =8

    4+4

    =8

    =8

    x 2

    .. 1

    15

    21

    d
    4=8
    12

    1 12 x
    2

    d
    12

    d
    12

    1 4
    d
    4+4
    12
    d
    12

    =8+4

    = 12

    12
    d
    12
    12
    d

    = 12 12

    = 144

    d
    4
    12
    144
    4
    12

    =8

    12 4

    =8

    =8

    =8

    d 144

    144
    16

    4r 9 = 7

    4r 9

    4r 9 + 9

    4r
    4r
    4
    r

    =7

    = 7+9
    = 16
    16
    =
    4
    =4

    4
    ()
    .. 1

    22

    5
    1. 3x + 4 = 7
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    2. 1.2 + 6t = 3.6
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    3.

    f
    + 3 = 27
    8

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    23

    4. 35 = 18h 1
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    5. 0.42 = 0.17 + 5k
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    6. 4 g + 1.7 = 2.3
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    .. 1

    24

    7.
    :
    1.
    2.
    ()
    3.
    17

    4r 9 = 3r + 5

    4r 9

    4r 9 3r

    r 9
    r 9+9

    = 3r + 5

    = 3r + 5 3r
    =5
    = 5+9

    3r
    3r
    9

    = 14

    4r 9

    4(14) 9
    56 9
    47

    = 3r + 5

    = 3(14) + 5

    r 14

    = 42 + 5
    = 47

    14
    18

    5 x 2 = 16 4 x

    5x 2
    5x 2 + 4 x

    9x 2
    9x 2 + 2
    9x

    = 16 4 x
    = 16 4 x + 4 x

    = 16
    = 16 + 2

    4 x
    4 x
    2

    = 18

    .. 1

    25

    9x
    9
    x

    18
    9

    =2

    5x 2

    5(2) 2
    10 2
    8

    = 16 4 x

    = 16 4(2)

    x 2

    = 16 8
    =8

    2
    19 10 3w = 5w + 42

    10 3w
    10 3w + 3w

    10
    10 42

    = 5w + 42
    = 5w + 42 + 3w

    = 8w + 42
    = 8w + 42 42

    32
    32

    = 8w
    8w
    =
    8

    =w

    3w
    3w
    42
    8

    10 3w

    = 5w + 42

    10 3(4)

    = 5(4) + 42

    10 (12)

    = (20) + 42

    10 + 12

    22

    w -4

    = 42 20

    = 22

    -4

    .. 1

    26

    6
    1. 2t 3 = 4t + 5
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    2. t + 4 = 3 + 2t
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    3. 5c 8 = 5c + 22
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    27

    8.
    1
    :
    1.
    2.

    20

    4a + 10 3a = 2a + 43 + 6a

    4a + 10 3a
    a + 10

    a + 10 a

    10
    10 43

    = 2a + 43 + 6a
    = 43 + 4a

    a
    a
    43

    = 43 + 4a a

    = 43 + 3a
    = 43 + 3a 43

    33
    33

    = 3a
    3a
    =
    3

    11

    =a

    4a + 10 3a

    4(11) + 10 3(11)

    44 + 10 (33)
    1

    = 2a + 43 + 6a

    = 2(11) + 43 + 6(11)

    a -11

    = 22 + 43 + (66)
    = 1

    -11

    .. 1

    28

    7
    1. f + 4 3 f = 7 f
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    2. 3z 5 + z = 3z + 20 2 z
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    3. 4 g 2 3g = 100 g + 4 100 g
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    29

    9.
    :



    21

    4( x + 5) = 3 x

    4( x + 5)

    = 3x

    4 x + 4(5)

    = 3x

    4 x + 20

    = 3x

    4 x + 20 3 x

    x + 20
    x + 20 20

    = 3x 3x
    =0
    = 0 20

    3x
    3x
    20

    = 20

    4( x + 5)
    4(20 + 5)

    = 3x

    = 3(20)

    4(15)

    = 60

    60

    = 60

    x -20

    -20
    22

    3( x + 4) = 2(4 x)

    3( x + 4)
    3x + 3(4)
    3 x + 12
    3 x + 12 + 2 x

    = 2(4 x)
    = 2(4) 2( x)

    = 8 2x
    = 8 2x + 2x

    2x

    .. 1

    30

    5 x + 12

    5 x + 12 12
    5x
    5x
    5

    =8

    2 x
    12

    = 8 12

    = 4
    4
    =
    5
    4
    =
    5

    3( x + 4)
    4

    3 + 4
    5

    4 45
    3 +

    5 1 5
    4 20
    3 +
    5 5
    4 + 20
    3

    16
    3
    5
    48
    5
    48
    5

    = 2(4 x)

    4
    = 2 4
    5

    4 5 4
    = 2

    1 5 5
    20 4
    = 2
    5 5
    20 4
    = 2 +
    5 5
    20 + 4
    = 2

    5
    24
    = 2
    5
    48
    =
    5

    4
    5

    4
    5

    23 3[2(x + 1) (x + 2)] = 2(x + 1)

    3[2( x + 1) ( x + 2 )] = 2( x + 1)
    3[2 x + 2 x 2] = 2 x + 2
    3x
    3x 2 x

    3[2( x + 1) ( x + 2 )]

    = 2x + 2
    = 2x + 2 2x

    =2
    = 2( x + 1)

    .. 1

    31

    3[2(2 + 1) (2 + 2 )]
    3[2(3) 4]

    = 2(2 + 1)
    = 2(3)

    3[6 4]

    =6

    3(2)

    =6

    =6

    2
    24

    4( x 5) x = 4( x 1)

    4( x 5) x
    4 x 4(5) x
    3 x 20
    3 x 20 3 x

    20
    20 + 4
    16

    = 4( x 1)
    = 4 x 4(1)
    = 4x 4
    = 4 x 4 3x

    = x4
    = x4+4
    =x

    4( x 5) x
    4(16 5) (16)
    4(21) + 16

    = 4( x 1)
    = 4(16 1)
    = 4(17)

    84 + 16

    = 68

    68

    = 68

    -16
    25

    3x
    3 = 15
    7

    3x
    3
    7
    3x
    3+3
    7
    3x
    7

    = 15

    = 15 + 3
    = 18

    .. 1

    32

    3x 7

    7 3

    = 18

    = 42

    3x
    3
    7
    3(42)
    3
    7
    126
    3
    7

    = 15

    18 3

    = 15

    15

    = 15

    7
    3

    = 15
    = 15

    42
    26

    2x + 1
    =1
    5

    2x + 1
    5
    2x + 1
    5
    5
    2x + 1
    2x + 1 1

    =1
    = 1 5

    =5
    = 5 1

    2x
    2x
    2

    =4
    4
    =
    2

    =2

    2x + 1
    5
    2(2) + 1
    5
    4 +1
    5
    5
    5

    =1
    =1
    =1

    =1
    =1

    2
    .. 1

    27

    33

    x 3 x 5x 1 x
    + =
    +
    2 4 2 2 4 2

    x 3 x
    +
    2 4 2
    2x 3

    2 4
    3
    x
    4
    3
    x x
    4
    3

    4
    3 1

    4 4
    4

    5x 1 x
    +
    2 4 2
    4x 1
    =
    +
    2 4
    1
    = 2x +
    4
    1
    = 2x + x
    4
    1
    = x+
    4
    1 1
    = x+
    4 4
    =

    =x
    =x

    x 3 x
    +
    2 4 2
    (1) 3 (1)
    +
    2
    4
    2
    2 3

    2 4
    2 2 3

    2 2 4
    4 3

    4 4
    7

    4
    7

    5x 1 x
    +
    2 4 2
    5(1) 1 (1)
    =
    +
    2
    4
    2
    5 1 1
    = + +
    2 4 2
    4 1
    = +
    2 4
    4 2 1
    +
    =
    2 2 4
    8 1
    = +
    4 4
    7
    =
    4
    =

    -1
    28

    a 1
    a + 14
    +3=
    3
    9

    a 1
    +3
    3

    a + 14
    9
    .. 1

    34

    a 1 3 3
    +
    3
    1 3
    a 1 9
    +
    3
    3
    a 1+ 9
    3
    a +8
    3
    a +8
    9
    3

    =
    =
    =
    =
    =

    a + 14
    9
    a + 14
    9
    a + 14
    9
    a + 14
    9
    a + 14
    9
    9

    (a + 8) 3

    = a + 14

    a(3) + 8(3)

    = a + 14

    3a + 24

    = a + 14

    3a + 24 a
    2a + 24

    2a + 24 24
    2a
    2a
    2

    = a + 14 a

    = 14
    = 14 24
    = 10
    10
    =
    2
    = 5

    a 1
    +3
    3
    5 1
    +3
    3
    6
    +3
    3

    a + 14
    9
    5 + 14
    =
    9
    9
    =
    9

    2+3

    =1

    =1

    -5
    29

    5m 3m 1
    6m

    = 2m
    6
    4
    3

    5m 3m 1

    6
    4
    5m 2 (3m 1) 3

    62
    43

    6m
    3
    2m 12 (6 m ) 4
    =

    1 12
    3 4

    = 2m

    .. 1

    35

    10m 3m(3) 1(3)

    12
    12
    10m 9m 3

    12
    12
    10m (9m 3)
    12
    10m 9m + 3
    12
    m+3
    12
    m+3
    12
    12
    m+3

    m+3m
    3
    3 + 24

    27
    27
    27

    =
    =
    =
    =
    =
    =

    24m 6(4) m(4)

    12
    12
    24m 24 4m

    12
    12
    24m (24 4m)
    12
    24m 24 + 4m
    12
    28m 24
    12
    28m 24
    12
    12

    = 28m 24

    = 28m 24 m
    = 27 m 24
    = 27 m 24 + 24

    = 27 m
    27m
    =
    27
    =m

    5m 3m 1

    6
    4
    5(1) 3(1) 1

    6
    4
    5 3 1

    6
    4
    5 2

    6 4
    52 23

    62 43
    10 6

    12 12
    4
    12
    1
    3

    6m
    3
    6 1
    = 2(1)
    3
    5
    = 2
    3
    5
    = 2
    3
    23 5

    =
    1 3 3
    6 5
    =
    3 3
    1
    =
    3
    1
    =
    3
    = 2m

    .. 1

    36

    8
    1. 2( x 3) = x + 15
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    2. 3( y + 2) = y 1
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    3. 5(2 3 y ) 15 = y 7
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    4.

    37

    a+7
    a5
    (2 a ) =
    3
    6

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    5.

    2x x + 6 3
    +
    = ( x + 15)
    15
    12
    10

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    38

    10.
    :


    1.
    2.
    3.
    4. 3
    5.
    6.

    (+)
    ..............
    (+)
    ................
    (-)
    .............
    (-)
    ...........
    ( )

    4 6 4 + 6
    5 6 5 + 6
    10 6 10 6
    25 4 25 4
    5 4 5 4
    3
    12
    4
    20 12 = 8

    .............

    ( )

    12

    ....................
    ....................

    (-)
    (-)

    12 20 8
    20 12 8 20 12 = 8

    30 4 10

    4 10
    ...... + ...... = ......

    .. 1

    39

    x+4

    = 10

    x+44
    x

    = 10 4
    =6

    x+4

    = 10

    6+4

    = 10

    10

    = 10

    6
    31 4 10

    4 10
    ...... ...... = ......

    x4

    = 10

    x4+4

    = 10 + 4

    = 14

    x4

    = 10

    14 + 4

    = 10

    10

    = 10

    14

    .. 1

    40

    32 8 26

    8 26
    ...... + ...... = ......


    8
    ...... + 8 = 26

    2 x

    2x + 8

    = 26

    2x + 8 8
    2x
    2x
    2
    x

    = 26 8
    = 18
    18
    =
    2

    =9

    2x + 8

    = 26

    2(9) + 8

    = 26

    18 + 8

    = 26

    26

    = 26

    .. 1

    41

    33 -45 15




    + = -45
    x

    15

    - = 15

    - 15 =

    = x - 15

    x + ( x 15)

    = 45

    x + x 15

    = 45

    2 x 15

    = 45

    2 x 15 + 15

    = 45 + 15

    2x
    2x
    2

    = 30
    30
    =
    2

    = 15

    x + ( x 15)

    = 45

    15 + (15 15)

    = 45

    15 + (30)

    = 45

    45

    = 45

    -15

    2

    x -15
    x 15 15 15 = 30

    .. 1

    42

    34 4 14

    4 14

    2(
    )
    2 ......
    ...... ....... 2(.... ....)
    2( x ....)
    x
    2( x 4)
    4
    2( x 4) = 14
    14
    2( x 4)

    = 14

    2 x 2(4)

    = 14

    2x 8

    = 14

    2x 8 + 8

    = 14 + 8

    2x
    2x
    2

    = 22
    22
    =
    2

    = 11

    2( x 4)

    = 14

    2(11 4)

    = 14

    2(7)

    = 14

    14

    = 14

    11

    .. 1

    43

    35 48


    1, 2, 3 5, 6, 7 11, 12, 13

    1
    2
    x

    x + 1
    x + 2

    48

    x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2)

    = 48

    x + x +1+ x + 2

    = 48

    3x + 3

    = 48

    3x + 3 3

    = 48 3

    3x
    3x
    3

    = 45
    45
    =
    3

    = 15

    x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2)

    = 48

    15 + (15 + 1) + (15 + 2)

    = 48

    15 + 16 + 17

    = 48

    48

    = 48

    15, 16, 17

    .. 1

    44


    36 60
    60 50

    6 : 7

    2

    60

    + = 60
    x

    60 x

    60 x
    60 x

    50 60 x
    50(60 x)


    6 : 7

    60 x
    50(60 x)

    6
    7

    60 x
    7
    50(60 x)
    420 x
    50(60 x)

    6
    7
    7

    420 x
    50(60 x)
    50(60 x)

    =6

    = 6 50(60 x)

    420 x

    = 300(60 x)

    420 x

    = 300(60) 300( x)

    420 x

    = 18000 300 x

    420 x + 300 x
    720 x

    = 18000 300 x + 300 x


    = 18000

    .. 1

    45

    720 x
    720
    x

    18000
    720

    = 25

    60 x
    50(60 x)
    60(25)
    50(60 25)
    1500
    50(35)
    30
    35
    6
    7

    =
    =
    =
    =
    =

    6
    7
    6
    7
    6
    7
    6
    7
    6
    7

    25
    60 25 = 35

    37
    50%
    80% 118

    50%
    50
    x
    100

    80%
    80 50
    x

    100 100

    118

    + + =

    .. 1

    46

    50
    80 50
    x+
    x + 118

    100
    100 100

    =x

    50
    40
    x+
    x + 118
    100
    100
    90
    x + 118
    100
    9
    x + 118
    10
    9
    9
    x + 118 x
    10
    10

    =x

    118

    118
    118 10

    =x
    =x

    9
    x
    10
    10
    9
    = x x
    10
    10
    x
    =
    10
    x
    = 10
    10

    = x

    1180

    =x

    50
    80 50
    x+
    x + 118

    100
    100 100
    50
    80 50

    1180 +
    1180 + 118

    100
    100 100

    =x

    = 1180

    590 + 472 + 118

    = 1180

    1180

    = 1180

    1180

    .. 1

    47


    :

    50 1 50

    v
    s
    t

    v=

    s
    t

    t=

    s
    s = vt
    v

    38 13 11
    20 2

    11
    /

    x
    11

    x2

    13
    x2
    13

    20

    20
    60

    1
    3

    = +

    1
    3

    x
    11

    x2 1
    +
    13
    3

    .. 1

    48

    x
    11
    x
    11
    x
    11
    x x

    11 13
    13 x 11x

    143 143
    2x
    143
    2 x 143

    143 2
    x

    x 2 1
    +
    13 13 3
    6 13
    x
    =
    +
    13 39 39
    7
    x
    = +
    13 39
    7
    x
    x
    = +

    13 39 13
    7
    =
    39
    7
    =
    39
    7 143
    =

    39 2
    7 11
    =
    3 2
    77
    =
    12 5
    6
    6
    =

    x
    11
    77
    6
    11

    77
    66

    7
    6
    7
    6
    7
    6
    7
    6
    7
    6

    =
    =
    =
    =

    x2 1
    +
    13
    3
    77
    2
    1
    6
    +
    13
    3
    77 12

    6
    6 +1
    13
    3
    65
    6 +1
    13 3
    65
    1
    +
    6(13) 3
    65 26
    +
    78 78
    91
    78
    7
    6

    12 5
    6

    .. 1

    49

    9
    1. 93
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    2. -153
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    50

    3. 7
    4

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    4. 1.5 27

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ...........................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    51

    5. 10
    50
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    6. .. 2521 2536 7
    ..
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    .
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ...........................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    .. 1

    52

    7. 5 : 3
    20% 268.8

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    8. 25%
    10% 900

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................

    .. 1

    53

    9. 57 12
    16 4

    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    10. 13 120
    10
    ....................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    ............................................................................................................................................................
    .. 1

    54


    X
    1. 2 + 5 3 = ?
    . 21
    . 25
    . 17
    2. 2 4 + 5 4 = ?
    . 26
    . 28
    . 52
    3. 4 (9 5) (2 + 3) = ?
    . 80
    . 65
    . 29
    4. 7
    . 4 + 3 8 7 . 4 + [3 (8 7)] . 4 + [(3 8) 7]
    5. 3 a
    . 3(a)
    . 3a
    . a 3
    6. 4 x + b
    . ( x x x x) + b
    . 4 ( x + b) . (4 x) + b
    7.
    8.
    9.
    10.
    11.

    12.
    13.

    3b
    . t 3 b
    . (t 3) b

    . (3 b) t

    . 16
    . 72
    . 19
    . [(4 + 3) 8] 7
    .

    3 a

    4( x + b)

    t (3 b)

    x+ y6 =?

    x = 3 y = 12
    . 8
    . 9
    . 10
    . 7
    a + b 3c = ? a = 2, b = 4 c = 2
    .12
    . 18
    . 22
    . 0

    .
    .
    .
    . =

    . x 3 = 6
    . 5 + 4 3 = 27
    . 2(4 + 1) = 2(4) + 2(1)
    . 14 + 7 = 15 + 5
    4 x + 2 = 14
    . 2
    . 3
    . 4
    .1

    . (2 x 3) + 5 x = 5 5( x 2)
    . x + 5 = 7
    . 2 x = 4 x
    . x + y = 1

    .. 1

    55

    14. 15 + x = 18
    . 3
    . 15
    . 18
    . 15
    15. d 7 = 2 d + 7 = ?
    .14
    . 16
    . 18
    . 9
    16. 5 x = 25
    . 30
    . 50
    . 125
    . 5
    17.
    . 5
    .

    5
    3

    3
    x = 27
    5

    . 3
    . 50

    18. 4 x + 5 = 17
    . 4 5
    . 4 x 5
    . 5 4
    . 17 5
    4
    x + 12 = 32
    5
    . 25

    19.
    20.
    21.
    22.
    23.
    24.

    . 5
    . 44
    2 x 3 = 4 x + 5
    . 2
    . 4
    . 2
    5 x + 3 = 4 x + 12 x 1
    .1
    . 2
    . 0
    4a + 3 2a = 9 4a
    .1
    . 2
    . 0
    2( g + 1) = 6
    . 2
    . 4
    . 2
    3( x + 1) 5 + x = 10
    . 2
    . 4
    . 2

    25.
    . 2
    5

    . 15
    2

    50

    2x + 1
    =3
    5

    . 7

    .. 1

    26.

    3x 1 + 2( x 3) = 3( x 4)

    . 2
    5

    . 2
    5

    56

    . 5

    5
    2

    27. -15
    . -4
    . -10
    .
    . -9
    28. 13 38 x


    . 5 + 13 x = 38
    . (5 + 13) x = 38
    . 5 x + 13 = 38 . 5( x + 13) = 38
    29. 12 10
    25 2
    .16
    . 18
    . 20
    .15
    30. 300 25% 20%

    . 468.75
    . 480
    . 488.75
    . 450
    31. 30 24%

    . 85
    . 90
    . 95
    . 80
    32. 5 : 4
    25% 180

    . 28, 34
    . 32, 40
    .34, 42
    . 36, 45
    33. 30 30 20%
    10
    . 40
    . 50
    . 60
    . 30
    34. 33
    . 55
    . 65
    . 75
    . 50
    35. 50 100 45
    50
    .1,200
    .1,400
    . 1,600
    .1,000

    .. 1

    57


    1.
    8.
    15.
    22.
    29.

    2.
    9.
    16.
    23.
    30.

    3.
    10.
    17.
    24.
    31.

    4.
    11.
    18.
    25.
    32.

    5.
    12.
    19.
    26.
    33.

    6.
    13.
    20.
    27.
    34.

    7.
    14.
    21.
    28.
    35.

    1. 2 + 5 3 = ?

    2 + 5 3

    = 2 + 15

    = 17

    ; 5 3
    ; 2 15


    2.

    2 4 + 5 4 = ?

    2 4 + 5 4

    = 8 + 20
    = 28

    ;
    ;


    3.

    4 (9 5) (2 + 3) = ?

    4 (9 5) (2 + 3)

    = 4 45

    = 80

    ;
    ;


    4.
    4 + [3 (8 7)]

    = 4 + [3 1]

    = 4+3

    ;
    ;

    = 7

    .. 1

    5.

    3 a

    58

    3 a

    = 3a
    = 3(a)

    = 3 a
    a3

    6.

    7.

    = aaa


    4 x + b 4 x b
    (4 x) + b

    t
    ; t 3b
    = t 3b
    3b
    = t (3 b)

    8.


    x + y 6 = ?

    x=3

    x+ y6

    3b

    3 b

    y = 12

    ; x = 3 y = 12
    ;

    = 3 + 12 6

    = 15 6
    = 9

    9.


    a + b 3c = ?

    a + b 3c

    a = 6, b = 6

    c=2

    = 2 + 4 3(2)

    = 2+46
    = 66

    ; a = 6, b = 6
    ; 3 2
    ;

    c=2

    = 0


    10. (=)

    .. 1

    59

    11.

    5 + 43

    = 27

    5 + 12

    = 27

    17

    = 27

    ; 17 27

    = 6

    ;
    x


    x3


    14 + 7

    21

    = 15 + 5
    = 20

    21 20


    2(4 + 1)

    2(5)
    10

    = 2(4) + 2(1)

    = 8+2
    = 10


    12.

    4 x + 2 = 14

    3 x

    4x + 2

    = 14

    4(3) + 2

    = 14

    12 + 2

    = 14

    14

    = 14

    ;
    3


    13.
    . x + 5 = 7
    .

    (2 x 3) + 5 x = 5 5( x 2)

    1 x

    1 x

    .. 1

    x + y =1

    2x = 4x

    60

    2 x y

    1 x


    14.

    15 + x = 18

    15 + x

    15 + x 15
    x

    = 18

    = 18 15
    = 3

    ; 15
    ; 15
    ; 3


    15. d 7 = 2 d + 7 = ?
    d + 7 d
    d 7
    d 7+7

    = 2
    = 2+7

    ; 7
    ; 7

    = 9


    d + 7 d + 7 = 9 + 7 = 16

    16.

    5 x = 25

    5x
    5x
    5

    = 25
    25
    =
    5

    ; 5
    ; 5

    = 5

    .. 1

    17.

    3
    x = 27
    5

    61

    3
    x
    5
    3
    5
    x
    5
    3

    = 27
    = 27

    ;
    5
    3

    5
    3

    3
    5

    5
    3
    ; 45

    = 45


    18.

    4 x + 5 = 17

    4x + 5
    4x + 5 5
    4x
    4x
    4
    x

    = 17

    = 17 5

    ; 5

    = 12
    12
    =
    4

    ; 4

    = 3


    19.

    4
    x + 12 = 32
    5

    4
    x + 12
    5
    4
    x + 12 12
    5
    4
    x
    5
    4
    5
    x
    5
    4
    x

    = 32
    = 32 12

    ; 12

    = 20
    = 20

    5
    4

    5
    4

    = 25

    .. 1

    20.

    2x 3 = 4x + 5

    62

    2x 3
    2x 3 2x
    3

    35

    = 4x + 5

    = 4x + 5 2x

    ; x
    ; 2 x

    = 2x + 5

    = 2x + 5 5

    8
    8

    = 2x
    2x
    =
    2

    = x


    21. 5 x + 3 = 4 x + 12 x 1
    x 1 x
    5x + 3
    5x + 3 + 4 x

    9x + 3

    = 4 x + 12
    = 4 x + 12 + 4 x

    ; x
    ; 4 x 4 x

    = 12
    = 12 3

    ; 3

    9x
    9x
    9

    = 9
    9
    =
    9

    ; 9

    = 1

    9x + 3 3


    x 1 x 1 = 1 1 = 0

    22.

    4a + 3 2a = 9 4a

    4a + 3 2a

    = 9 4a

    2a + 3

    = 9 4a

    2a + 3 + 4a
    6a + 3

    = 9 4a + 4a

    ;
    ; 4a

    = 9

    .. 1


    6a + 3 3

    63

    = 93

    6a
    6a
    6

    = 6
    6
    =
    6

    = 1

    ; 3
    ; 6


    23.

    2( g + 1) = 6

    2( g + 1)

    = 6

    2( g ) + 2(1)

    = 6

    2g + 2

    = 6

    2g + 2 2

    = 62

    2g
    2g
    2

    = 4
    4
    =
    2

    = 2

    ; 2

    ; 2
    ; 2


    24.

    3( x + 1) 5 + x = 10

    3( x + 1) 5 + x

    = 10

    3( x) + 3(1) 5 + x

    = 10

    3x + 3 5 + x

    = 10

    4x 2

    = 10

    4x 2 + 2

    = 10 + 2

    4x
    4x
    4

    = 8
    8
    =
    4

    = 2

    ; 3

    ; 2
    ; 4

    .. 1

    25.

    2x + 1
    =3
    5

    64

    2x + 1
    5
    2x + 1
    5
    5
    2x + 1

    2x + 1 1
    2x
    2x
    2

    = 3
    = 35

    ; 5

    = 15
    = 15 1

    = 14
    14
    =
    2

    ; 1
    ; 2

    = 7


    26.

    3x 1 + 2( x 3) = 3( x 4)

    3x 1 + 2( x 3)

    3x 1 + 2( x) 2(3)

    = 3( x 4)

    = 3( x) 3(4)

    3x 1 + 2 x 6

    = 3x 12

    5x 7

    = 3x 12

    5 x 7 3x

    2x 7
    2x 7 + 7
    2x
    2x
    2

    = 3x 12 3x

    3x

    = 12

    = 12 + 7
    = 5
    5
    =
    2
    5
    =
    2

    ; 7
    ; 2


    27. -15 3


    1, 2, 3 5, 6, 7
    + 1
    + 2
    .. 1

    65

    x +1

    x+2

    -15

    x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2)

    = 15

    x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2)

    = 15

    x + x +1+ x + 2

    = 15

    3x + 3

    = 15

    3x + 3 3

    = 15 3

    3x
    3x
    3

    = 18
    18
    =
    3

    = 6

    ; 3

    -6, -5, -4
    -4 + (-6) = -10

    28. 13 38

    x
    5 x
    13 38 5 x + 13 = 38

    29. 12 10
    25 2

    10
    /

    .. 1

    66

    x
    10

    2 x
    x 2

    12
    /
    x2
    12

    25

    25 5
    =
    60 12

    = +

    5
    12

    x
    10

    x
    10
    x
    10

    x
    10
    10

    x 12

    x2 5
    +
    12
    12

    x2+5
    12
    x+3
    12
    x+3
    10
    12
    10( x + 3)
    12
    10( x + 3)
    12
    12

    12 x

    = 10( x + 3)

    12 x

    = 10 x + 30

    12 x 10 x
    2x
    2x
    2

    = 10 x + 30 10 x
    = 30
    30
    =
    2

    ; 10

    ; 12
    ; 10
    ; 10 x
    ; 2

    = 15

    ;
    15
    x

    .. 1

    67

    30. 300 25% 20%


    300 25%

    25
    300 = 75
    100


    375
    20%
    x

    20 x
    100

    20%

    1
    x
    5

    1
    x x
    5

    1
    x x
    5

    = 375

    5
    1
    x x
    5
    5
    4
    x
    5
    4 5
    x
    5 4

    = 375

    = 375
    = 375

    5
    4

    5
    4

    = 468.75

    468.75
    31. 30 24%

    24%
    24%
    30

    100
    30 = 125
    24

    = -

    x

    = 125 30

    .. 1

    68

    = 95

    95
    32. 5 : 4
    25% 180

    5 : 4
    x

    4
    x
    5

    25%
    1
    5
    x = x
    4
    4
    4
    14
    x + x = x
    5
    45

    x+

    180

    5
    5
    x+ x+x+x
    4
    4

    = 180

    10
    x + 2x
    4
    10
    8
    x+ x
    4
    4
    18
    x
    4
    18
    4
    x
    4 18
    x

    = 180

    = 180
    = 180
    = 180

    4
    18

    = 40

    40 32

    .. 1

    69

    33. 30 30 20%
    10

    30
    x

    20% 80%
    4 30 24
    =
    5 x x
    30
    30 x 5 x
    =
    =
    4
    24 24

    x

    30

    10
    = + 10

    5x
    4

    = x + 10

    5x
    x
    4
    5x 4 x

    4
    4
    x
    4
    x
    4
    4
    x

    = x + 10 x
    = 10
    = 10

    = 10 4
    = 40

    40
    34. 33

    30
    = 0.75
    40

    75

    .. 1

    70

    35. 50 100 45
    50

    50

    x
    50

    100

    100
    =2
    50
    x
    +2
    50

    45

    45 + 2
    50

    50
    - 45 = 50

    x 45 + 2
    50

    = 50

    x
    x

    45 x
    90
    50

    45 x
    90 + 90
    50
    45 x
    x
    50
    50 x 45 x

    50
    50
    5x
    50
    5 x 50

    50 5
    x

    = 50

    = 50 + 90
    = 140
    = 140

    = 140
    = 140

    50
    5

    = 1400

    1,400

    .. 1


    , . .... .1-2-3 &
    2544 .
    :
    , . 2547.
    2 2
    2544. : .
    . 2547. .1 2 2
    .. 2544. :
    . 2547. .2 2 2
    .. 2544. :
    Balch, Kay., and others. 1993. Mathematics Applications and Connections, Course 3.
    U.S.A. : McGraw - Hill

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