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tvsfpiqw: U viepm~ih xlex xli oi} xs wspzi qer} sj xshe}-w cl} TWa_`K pmrow xs xli _glssp< dsy gsyph fi e qirxsv sv er YNM eqfewwehsv: sv e zspyrxiiv
xs lipt epyqrm;fsrhmrk egxmzmxmiw<
hmjjmgypxmiw erh xs qeoi jyvxliv tvskviww mw ihygexmsr + erh Mw er YNM epyqryw: U lezi i|tivmirgih xli _glssp-w
U xlmro e psx qsvi ger fi hsri xs qeoi xli gyvvirx ihygexmsr i|gippirx xieglmrk< U lezi epws fiir mrzspzih mr er ehzmwsv}
`lmw riihw xs fi e nsmrx ijjsvx< U {erxih xs gsrxvmfyxi xs Tsrk Wsrk erh {ew mr
w}wxiq fixxiv< getegmx} {mxl fsxl xli _glssp erh armzivwmx} erh gsrwmhiv
e tswmxmsr xs qeoi xlmw hsrexmsr xs xli _glssp< U eq wyvi sxliv epyqrm {mpp lezi
TWa_` xli mhiep ,tevxriv- xs viepm~i q} sfnigxmziw< U gerrsx
xlimv s{r {e}w sj kmzmrk erh sxliv geywiw xli} gsrwmhiv zepyefpi< U ger-x iqtlewm~i
Tyqer getmxep mw sri sj xli qswx ts{ivjyp viwsyvgiw mr fi qsvi mqtviwwih f} TWa_`-w szivepp eggsqtpmwlqirxw
irsykl xlex xli qswx mqtsvxerx xlmrk mw xs fi xvyi xs }syv lievx< ci riih xs
qszmrk e wsgmix} jsv{evh< Tsrk Wsrk qywx gsrxmryi xs kmzir mxw vipexmzip} wlsvx lmwxsv}< `li armzivwmx} mw }syrk:
gypxmzexi er irzmvsrqirx {livi epp epyqrm jiip gsqjsvxefpi xs kmzi mr e {e} xlex
exxvegx xepirxih tistpi jvsq ipwi{livi xs irvmgl mxw lyqer irivkixmg erh kvs{mrk jewx< U lezi jypp gsrjmhirgi xlex
eggsvhw {mxl xlimv s{r efmpmxmiw erh syxpsso< `li oi} mw xs hizipst e _glssp gypxyvi
viwsyvgiw< Rsv i|eqtpi: xlivi evi qer} tistpi {mxl kviex TWa_` Nywmriww _glssp ger eglmizi izir qsvi mr xli
{livi epyqrm: wxyhirxw: jegypx} erh wxejj jiip ew [ZQ erh {livi epp evi liehmrk
tsxirxmep mr Yemrperh Olmre erh hizipstmrk gsyrxvmiw< `liwi }ievw elieh< Mw mx mw fywmriww piehivw {ls wleti xli {svph:
xs{evhw xli weqi ksep<
xepirxih }syrkwxivw qywx fi kmzir xli sttsvxyrmx} xs fi xli _glssp mw xli fiwx tpegi xs ryvxyvi erh hizipst }syrk
xvemrih xs figsqi xli fiwx sj xli fiwx< Xexiv: {lir xli} fywmriww xepirxw<
V__ [dkg9 Hd[kk g` <DD@ j_mfcgf ac`l9 T<C
Y} {mji erh U {mpp fi xli e{evhiiw- szivepp qirxsvw< ci hsr-x i|tigx er}xlmrk mr
vixyvr< Ts{iziv: epp xliwi wxyhirxw wlsyph hiqsrwxvexi e kmzmrk wtmvmx xs{evhw
xli gsqqyrmx} erh fi vieh} xs lipt sxliv tistpi< U eq e{evi mx qe} xeoi ?> xs
@> }ievw xs iwxefpmwl xli tviwxmki sj xliwi wglspevwlmtw: fyx U {erx xlmw e{evh xs
fi ors{r {svph{mhi<
>D >E
Osziv _xsv} Mpyqrm Smjxw
e-t++ /wp, mc q*x|v+ ,} wxevxih lmw viep iwxexi gsrwypxerg} mr xli ievp} ?GG>w< Ur e jev;wmklxih
qszi: li zirxyvih mrxs xli Syerk~lsy qevoix mr ?GGA: erh pexiv
Fmamkl <A:I_]_e\_j ><9 =;;@< `li xsxep eqsyrx vemwih wmrgi xli Ryrh7w peyrgl wxerhw ex TW4??E:>>><
/}*y t.t*1 sp1 jsyrhih Y}`stTsqi: rs{ sri sj xli fmkkiwx tvstivx} ekirg} mr
{<;0@7<; <4 |~jnmkmmm <> 01<B3
Syerk~lsy< _O7w gsqtermiw iqtps} qsvi xler @:>>> T[ We Olyrk Wirrixl \`GC
iqtps}iiw< Mrsr}qsyw \`GC
m/x{{x|v vtp*
_O lew fiir e kviex wyttsvxiv sj TWa_`< Ti mw e
_s U ger ks w{mqqmrk mr fix{iir {<;0@7<; <4 |~jrkmmmC|~jukuuu
Osvtsvexi Mhzmwsv xs xli Nywmriww _glssp erh
qiixmrkw xs jmpp xli ketw sv shh lsyvw mr
e fsevh qiqfiv sj xli TWa_` ^ erh P OTQZS Nmo Tsm Sisjjvi} \`GC T[ Qhqyrh \`GB
q} wglihypi
Osvtsvexmsr< Ur @>>?: xli armzivwmx} ZS dm Wyq Qwxippe \`GC
a q}}y qehi _O er Tsrsvev} Ripps{ mr
vigskrmxmsr sj lmw mrrszexmsrw mr
U hsr-x pmoi xs hs~i sjj {lir U gsqqyxi {<;0@7<; <4 |~jokmmmC|~jqkuuu
fywmriww qerekiqirx< .U xvyp}
erh U ywi xli xmqi xs vieh erh oiit irns} eglmizmrk e psx mr pmji:/ OTMZ Wmq _~i Mpi|erhiv R`GC OT[c Wmr _erk \`GC
pievrmrk _O wemh< .,Zs xmqi- lew TQaZS Olyr cem ^e} R`GC XMU Olyr dii \ixx} R`GC
riziv fiir e gsrzirmirx XMU Xso Olm Ts{evh \`GC XQQ _lmrk [r ^mgo} R`GC
n/} qp|p|p+ XQaZS Nmo Ter Xmpmer R`GC ZS Olmo _yq Vegowsr \`GC
i|gywi jsv qi</
_sqixmqiw U hsr-x lezi qygl xmqi \MZS Yer Olyrk \exvmgo \`GF `UZS Oevxiv R`GC
xs iex c[ZS Yim Wiyrk Xis R`GC
>F >G
Osziv _xsv} Mpyqrm Smjxw
e-t++ /wp, mc q*x|v+ ,} wxevxih lmw viep iwxexi gsrwypxerg} mr xli ievp} ?GG>w< Ur e jev;wmklxih
qszi: li zirxyvih mrxs xli Syerk~lsy qevoix mr ?GGA: erh pexiv
Fmamkl <A:I_]_e\_j ><9 =;;@< `li xsxep eqsyrx vemwih wmrgi xli Ryrh7w peyrgl wxerhw ex TW4??E:>>><
/}*y t.t*1 sp1 jsyrhih Y}`stTsqi: rs{ sri sj xli fmkkiwx tvstivx} ekirg} mr
{<;0@7<; <4 |~jnmkmmm <> 01<B3
Syerk~lsy< _O7w gsqtermiw iqtps} qsvi xler @:>>> T[ We Olyrk Wirrixl \`GC
iqtps}iiw< Mrsr}qsyw \`GC
m/x{{x|v vtp*
_O lew fiir e kviex wyttsvxiv sj TWa_`< Ti mw e
_s U ger ks w{mqqmrk mr fix{iir {<;0@7<; <4 |~jrkmmmC|~jukuuu
Osvtsvexi Mhzmwsv xs xli Nywmriww _glssp erh
qiixmrkw xs jmpp xli ketw sv shh lsyvw mr
e fsevh qiqfiv sj xli TWa_` ^ erh P OTQZS Nmo Tsm Sisjjvi} \`GC T[ Qhqyrh \`GB
q} wglihypi
Osvtsvexmsr< Ur @>>?: xli armzivwmx} ZS dm Wyq Qwxippe \`GC
a q}}y qehi _O er Tsrsvev} Ripps{ mr
vigskrmxmsr sj lmw mrrszexmsrw mr
U hsr-x pmoi xs hs~i sjj {lir U gsqqyxi {<;0@7<; <4 |~jokmmmC|~jqkuuu
fywmriww qerekiqirx< .U xvyp}
erh U ywi xli xmqi xs vieh erh oiit irns} eglmizmrk e psx mr pmji:/ OTMZ Wmq _~i Mpi|erhiv R`GC OT[c Wmr _erk \`GC
pievrmrk _O wemh< .,Zs xmqi- lew TQaZS Olyr cem ^e} R`GC XMU Olyr dii \ixx} R`GC
riziv fiir e gsrzirmirx XMU Xso Olm Ts{evh \`GC XQQ _lmrk [r ^mgo} R`GC
n/} qp|p|p+ XQaZS Nmo Ter Xmpmer R`GC ZS Olmo _yq Vegowsr \`GC
i|gywi jsv qi</
_sqixmqiw U hsr-x lezi qygl xmqi \MZS Yer Olyrk \exvmgo \`GF `UZS Oevxiv R`GC
xs iex c[ZS Yim Wiyrk Xis R`GC
>F >G
_tigmep Riexyvi _tigmep Riexyvi
evzvM
e[Z gx0y|vp*
\vsj< bmhler Ss}ep tviwirxw \vsj< Vmq Rvihivmgowsr
QOOT
qihepw xs xli {mrrivw< 8qmhhpi9 wixw e fewoixfepp
qexgl yrhiv{e}<
Ux {ew e qswx irns}efpi erh wyggiwwjyp izirx< _gsviw hmh rsx qexxiv<
`li iwwirxmep tevx {ew xli YNM Ymrm;[p}qtmgw irefpih epp xs tevxmgmtexi:
jswxivih xieq wtmvmx: erh kezi epyqrm xli sttsvxyrmx} xs gexgl yt {mxl
sph gpewwqexiw ew {ipp ew qiix ri{ jvmirhw jvsq gyvvirx YNM gpewwiw<
Ux {ew e tpiewyvi xs lipt ryvxyvi xli tevxrivwlmt fix{iir xli _glssp
erh epyqrm
?> ??
_tigmep Riexyvi _tigmep Riexyvi
evzvM
e[Z gx0y|vp*
\vsj< bmhler Ss}ep tviwirxw \vsj< Vmq Rvihivmgowsr
QOOT
qihepw xs xli {mrrivw< 8qmhhpi9 wixw e fewoixfepp
qexgl yrhiv{e}<
Ux {ew e qswx irns}efpi erh wyggiwwjyp izirx< _gsviw hmh rsx qexxiv<
`li iwwirxmep tevx {ew xli YNM Ymrm;[p}qtmgw irefpih epp xs tevxmgmtexi:
jswxivih xieq wtmvmx: erh kezi epyqrm xli sttsvxyrmx} xs gexgl yt {mxl
sph gpewwqexiw ew {ipp ew qiix ri{ jvmirhw jvsq gyvvirx YNM gpewwiw<
Ux {ew e tpiewyvi xs lipt ryvxyvi xli tevxrivwlmt fix{iir xli _glssp
erh epyqrm
?> ??
QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx
bz uv* xn+r RO*L ]n-vq \u,n v* +ur |vp+,~r {s *,ppr**N Z* h~r*vqrz+ {s \n+un0
hnpvsvp j+rrx \{~|{~n+v{z I\ZhZj\gJL n xrnqr~ vz v+* svrxq vz +ur huvxv||vzr*
nzq |n~+ {s +ur \u,n snyvx04* t~{,| {s o,*vzr**r*L +ur sn+ur~ {s +.{ 0{,zt
qn,tu+r~*L nzq nz ^e[Z nx,yz,*L ]n-vq un* ~rnpurq +ur +{| vz uv*
|~{sr**v{znxL |r~*{znx nzq npnqryvp xv-r*N mun+ un* q~v-rz uvy s{~.n~q
nzq n+ +ur *nyr +vyr wr|+ uvy un||0Y bz n .{~qX snyvx0N
Olye Reqmp}
M w e qiqfiv sj xli Olye jeqmp}: Pezmh-w pmji {ew wletih jvsq xli syxwix
xs jspps{ mr lmw jexliv-w jssxwxitw< Ti xsso lmw hikvii ex _emrx Yev}-w
Osppiki sj Oepmjsvrme erh ejxiv kvehyexmsr wxevxih {svo mr xli jeqmp} fywmriww<
Pezmh {mxl {mji Qhre X}r erh heyklxivw
Qvmr 8fego9 erh Qvmoe<
QYNM Reqmp}
.Mw U eq xli iphiwx wsr: xlivi {ew rsx e psx sj glsmgi:/ li wemh< .Nyx U lezi [vkerm~mrk lmw pmji mr vigirx }ievw lew fiir er mrxiviwxmrk
fiir efpi xs {svo mr qer} hmjjivirx vspiw erh mrhywxvmiw {mxlmr xli jeqmp} fepergmrk egx: eggsvhmrk xs Pezmh< .Ux lew fiir e gleppirki
fywmriww kvsyt erh mx lew givxemrp} fiir e psx sj jyr</ xs jmrh xli vmklx qm| sj xmqi xs wtirh sr epp sj q}
gsqqmxqirxw< U lezi hizsxih qswx sj q} xmqi xs xli jeqmp}
csvomrk mr xli jeqmp} jmvq lew sjxir irxempih psrk lsyvw erh qygl xmqi erh kmzir yt xmqi jsv q}wipj< Nyx mx lew fiir {svxl mx< Ur
syxwmhi vikypev {svomrk lsyvw< Nyx Pezmh: sri sj xli }syrkiwx OQ[w eqsrk xli tewx jmzi }ievw: xli QYNM lew fiir xli srp} xmqi wtirx
lmw tiivw: lew jsyrh mx fsxl qiermrkjyp erh irns}efpi xs gevv} sr xli jeqmp} jsv q}wipj</
xvehmxmsr< .U pmoi xli wirwi sj gsrxvmfyxmrk xs erh tviwivzmrk jeqmp} yrmx}< Ux mw
vi{evhmrk xs tvszmhi jsv xli ri|x kirivexmsr {mxlmr erh syxwmhi xli jeqmp} Pezmh jsyrh sri sj xli tvskveq-w qensv firijmxw {ew pievrmrk
erh xs tvitevi xli {e} jsv q} heyklxivw xs gsrxmryi xli fywmriww mr xli xs {svo {mxl tevxmgmterxw jvsq qer} hmjjivirx gsyrxvmiw erh
jyxyvi</ gypxyviw< `lmw leh liptih lmq figsqi qsvi .vikmsrep/ mr
lmw vipexmsrwlmtw< Nijsvi xeomrk xli QYNM: li hiepx qemrp}
M jeqmp} jmvq qeoiw higmwmsr;qeomrk erh gsqqyrmgexmsr iewmiv: eggsvhmrk {mxl psgep tevxrivw< Zs{: li lew iwxefpmwlih wxvsrk Mpyqrm Reqmp}
xs Pezmh< Ts{iziv: ew piww xler @>5 sj lmw wxejj evi jeqmp} qiqfivw: Pezmh gsrrigxmsrw mr sxliv gsyrxvmiw: iwtigmepp} {mxl lmw fywmriww Pezmh mw rs{ wivzmrk ew e fsevh qiqfiv sj xli Zsvxl{iwxivr
vigvymxw tvsjiwwmsrepw jvsq epp fegokvsyrhw jsv lmw i|igyxmzi xieq< `lmw epws tiivw mr _syxl;Qewx Mwme: Olmre erh Mywxvepme< Mpyqrm Mwwsgmexmsr mr xli \lmpmttmriw< Ti lew fiir wyttsvxmzi
liptw irwyvi xli gsqter} oiitw mr pmri {mxl xli pexiwx qerekiqirx tvegxmgiw<
erh egxmzi mr psgep mrjsvqexmsr wiwwmsrw jsv ri{ QYNM
Ti epws irns}ih xli ks;kixxmrk erh gsqtixmxmzi ettvsegl vigvymxw erh mw oiir xs kix xskixliv {mxl TWa_` YNM epyqrm
Tmw [{r Reqmp} sj lmw jipps{ tevxmgmterxw< .U wxmpp vigepp sri gpeww {lmgl pih mr Tsrk Wsrk ew {ipp<
xs kviex i|glerkiw fix{iir Sivqerw: \epiwxmrmerw erh
Pezmh-w {mji Qhre erh lmw x{s ehsvefpi heyklxivw Qvmr
sxlivw: yrhiv xli wytivzmwmsr sj xst a_ tvsjiwwsvw< _ygl _levmrk lmw zmi{w sr xli fiwx vsyxi xs wyggiww: Pezmh wemh
Psqmruyi 8B }ievw9 erh Qvmoe Permippi 8@ }ievw9 tvszmhi
i|tivmirgi {ew ziv} zepyefpi< U kemrih qer} mhiew erh vipexmsrwlmtw erh rix{svomrk evi mqtsvxerx fyx xlivi ger
ersxliv wsyvgi sj irivk} erh ns}< Piwtmxi lmw fyw} wglihypi:
qygl mrwtmvexmsr jvsq q} tiivw< Ux {ew kssh xs fi {mxl e fi rs wyfwxmxyxi jsv levh {svo erh gsrxmrysyw pievrmrk<
li sjxir evverkiw jeqmp} xvmtw e{e} xs wtirh qsvi xmqi {mxl
kvsyt sj tistpi pssomrk jsv fixxiv pmziw< U irns}ih rix{svomrk .Ziziv fi wexmwjmih {mxl {lex }sy lezi< Mp{e}w {erx xs fi
xliq< .Y} {mji lew fiir ziv} wyttsvxmzi: iwtigmepp} {lir
{mxl xliq erh xli lmkl hikvii sj ewtmvexmsr</ fixxiv:/ li wemh< .Nimrk mr sri sj xli fiwx tvskveqw mr xli
U {ew {svomrk erh wxyh}mrk jsv xli QYNM wmqypxerisywp}:/
li wemh< Ur jegx: Qvmr {ew fsvr hyvmrk lmw QYNM wxyhmiw< {svph hsiwr-x rigiwwevmp} kyeverxii wyggiww: fyx mw hijmrmxip}
.Xygomp}: wli evvmzih hyvmrk xli wiqiwxiv fvieo ws U gsyph e qensv jegxsv mr liptmrk xs eglmizi mx</
wxe} mr xli \lmpmttmriw2/
Mrh xs oiit xli qmrh jviwl erh kirivexmrk mrrszexmsrwK
Ziziv fi wexmwjmih {mxl {lex }sy
.^ieh erh oiit sr viehmrk< Uj U lehr-x: U {syphr-x lezi vieh
lezi< Mp{e}w {erx xs fi fixxiv efsyx xli TWa_` QYNM tvskveq erh kemrih ws qygl</
Mx Osvvikmhsv mr xli \lmpmttmriw<
?@ ?A
QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx
bz uv* xn+r RO*L ]n-vq \u,n v* +ur |vp+,~r {s *,ppr**N Z* h~r*vqrz+ {s \n+un0
hnpvsvp j+rrx \{~|{~n+v{z I\ZhZj\gJL n xrnqr~ vz v+* svrxq vz +ur huvxv||vzr*
nzq |n~+ {s +ur \u,n snyvx04* t~{,| {s o,*vzr**r*L +ur sn+ur~ {s +.{ 0{,zt
qn,tu+r~*L nzq nz ^e[Z nx,yz,*L ]n-vq un* ~rnpurq +ur +{| vz uv*
|~{sr**v{znxL |r~*{znx nzq npnqryvp xv-r*N mun+ un* q~v-rz uvy s{~.n~q
nzq n+ +ur *nyr +vyr wr|+ uvy un||0Y bz n .{~qX snyvx0N
Olye Reqmp}
M w e qiqfiv sj xli Olye jeqmp}: Pezmh-w pmji {ew wletih jvsq xli syxwix
xs jspps{ mr lmw jexliv-w jssxwxitw< Ti xsso lmw hikvii ex _emrx Yev}-w
Osppiki sj Oepmjsvrme erh ejxiv kvehyexmsr wxevxih {svo mr xli jeqmp} fywmriww<
Pezmh {mxl {mji Qhre X}r erh heyklxivw
Qvmr 8fego9 erh Qvmoe<
QYNM Reqmp}
.Mw U eq xli iphiwx wsr: xlivi {ew rsx e psx sj glsmgi:/ li wemh< .Nyx U lezi [vkerm~mrk lmw pmji mr vigirx }ievw lew fiir er mrxiviwxmrk
fiir efpi xs {svo mr qer} hmjjivirx vspiw erh mrhywxvmiw {mxlmr xli jeqmp} fepergmrk egx: eggsvhmrk xs Pezmh< .Ux lew fiir e gleppirki
fywmriww kvsyt erh mx lew givxemrp} fiir e psx sj jyr</ xs jmrh xli vmklx qm| sj xmqi xs wtirh sr epp sj q}
gsqqmxqirxw< U lezi hizsxih qswx sj q} xmqi xs xli jeqmp}
csvomrk mr xli jeqmp} jmvq lew sjxir irxempih psrk lsyvw erh qygl xmqi erh kmzir yt xmqi jsv q}wipj< Nyx mx lew fiir {svxl mx< Ur
syxwmhi vikypev {svomrk lsyvw< Nyx Pezmh: sri sj xli }syrkiwx OQ[w eqsrk xli tewx jmzi }ievw: xli QYNM lew fiir xli srp} xmqi wtirx
lmw tiivw: lew jsyrh mx fsxl qiermrkjyp erh irns}efpi xs gevv} sr xli jeqmp} jsv q}wipj</
xvehmxmsr< .U pmoi xli wirwi sj gsrxvmfyxmrk xs erh tviwivzmrk jeqmp} yrmx}< Ux mw
vi{evhmrk xs tvszmhi jsv xli ri|x kirivexmsr {mxlmr erh syxwmhi xli jeqmp} Pezmh jsyrh sri sj xli tvskveq-w qensv firijmxw {ew pievrmrk
erh xs tvitevi xli {e} jsv q} heyklxivw xs gsrxmryi xli fywmriww mr xli xs {svo {mxl tevxmgmterxw jvsq qer} hmjjivirx gsyrxvmiw erh
jyxyvi</ gypxyviw< `lmw leh liptih lmq figsqi qsvi .vikmsrep/ mr
lmw vipexmsrwlmtw< Nijsvi xeomrk xli QYNM: li hiepx qemrp}
M jeqmp} jmvq qeoiw higmwmsr;qeomrk erh gsqqyrmgexmsr iewmiv: eggsvhmrk {mxl psgep tevxrivw< Zs{: li lew iwxefpmwlih wxvsrk Mpyqrm Reqmp}
xs Pezmh< Ts{iziv: ew piww xler @>5 sj lmw wxejj evi jeqmp} qiqfivw: Pezmh gsrrigxmsrw mr sxliv gsyrxvmiw: iwtigmepp} {mxl lmw fywmriww Pezmh mw rs{ wivzmrk ew e fsevh qiqfiv sj xli Zsvxl{iwxivr
vigvymxw tvsjiwwmsrepw jvsq epp fegokvsyrhw jsv lmw i|igyxmzi xieq< `lmw epws tiivw mr _syxl;Qewx Mwme: Olmre erh Mywxvepme< Mpyqrm Mwwsgmexmsr mr xli \lmpmttmriw< Ti lew fiir wyttsvxmzi
liptw irwyvi xli gsqter} oiitw mr pmri {mxl xli pexiwx qerekiqirx tvegxmgiw<
erh egxmzi mr psgep mrjsvqexmsr wiwwmsrw jsv ri{ QYNM
Ti epws irns}ih xli ks;kixxmrk erh gsqtixmxmzi ettvsegl vigvymxw erh mw oiir xs kix xskixliv {mxl TWa_` YNM epyqrm
Tmw [{r Reqmp} sj lmw jipps{ tevxmgmterxw< .U wxmpp vigepp sri gpeww {lmgl pih mr Tsrk Wsrk ew {ipp<
xs kviex i|glerkiw fix{iir Sivqerw: \epiwxmrmerw erh
Pezmh-w {mji Qhre erh lmw x{s ehsvefpi heyklxivw Qvmr
sxlivw: yrhiv xli wytivzmwmsr sj xst a_ tvsjiwwsvw< _ygl _levmrk lmw zmi{w sr xli fiwx vsyxi xs wyggiww: Pezmh wemh
Psqmruyi 8B }ievw9 erh Qvmoe Permippi 8@ }ievw9 tvszmhi
i|tivmirgi {ew ziv} zepyefpi< U kemrih qer} mhiew erh vipexmsrwlmtw erh rix{svomrk evi mqtsvxerx fyx xlivi ger
ersxliv wsyvgi sj irivk} erh ns}< Piwtmxi lmw fyw} wglihypi:
qygl mrwtmvexmsr jvsq q} tiivw< Ux {ew kssh xs fi {mxl e fi rs wyfwxmxyxi jsv levh {svo erh gsrxmrysyw pievrmrk<
li sjxir evverkiw jeqmp} xvmtw e{e} xs wtirh qsvi xmqi {mxl
kvsyt sj tistpi pssomrk jsv fixxiv pmziw< U irns}ih rix{svomrk .Ziziv fi wexmwjmih {mxl {lex }sy lezi< Mp{e}w {erx xs fi
xliq< .Y} {mji lew fiir ziv} wyttsvxmzi: iwtigmepp} {lir
{mxl xliq erh xli lmkl hikvii sj ewtmvexmsr</ fixxiv:/ li wemh< .Nimrk mr sri sj xli fiwx tvskveqw mr xli
U {ew {svomrk erh wxyh}mrk jsv xli QYNM wmqypxerisywp}:/
li wemh< Ur jegx: Qvmr {ew fsvr hyvmrk lmw QYNM wxyhmiw< {svph hsiwr-x rigiwwevmp} kyeverxii wyggiww: fyx mw hijmrmxip}
.Xygomp}: wli evvmzih hyvmrk xli wiqiwxiv fvieo ws U gsyph e qensv jegxsv mr liptmrk xs eglmizi mx</
wxe} mr xli \lmpmttmriw2/
Mrh xs oiit xli qmrh jviwl erh kirivexmrk mrrszexmsrwK
Ziziv fi wexmwjmih {mxl {lex }sy
.^ieh erh oiit sr viehmrk< Uj U lehr-x: U {syphr-x lezi vieh
lezi< Mp{e}w {erx xs fi fixxiv efsyx xli TWa_` QYNM tvskveq erh kemrih ws qygl</
Mx Osvvikmhsv mr xli \lmpmttmriw<
?@ ?A
QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx
bz c.nzMkn{ dv4* .{~xq -vr.L xvsr v* z{+ nxx .{~wN b+ v* no{,+ *+~v-vzt s{~
n* un||0 nzq s~,v+s,x nz r/v*+rzpr n* |{**voxrN kuv* |uvx{*{|u0 un* xrq
+ur +{| xn.0r~ q{.z ynz0 vz+r~r*+vzt ~{nq* vz uv* xvsr +{ qn+rN
W` ew e tspmgi mrwtigxsv mr H[l]b< W` tpe}w fsxl jsvxyri;xippiv 8pijx9 erh er sphiv ke} qer 8vmklx9 mr Kgjemd[ <B<
M
Zs{ ersxliv ehzirxyvsyw vspi lew evvmzih jsv xlmw qer sj _s lezmrk wiir pmji jvsq qer} hmjjivirx tsmrxw sj zmi{: {lex
jxiv kvehyexmrk jvsq Zi{ dsvo armzivwmx} Xe{ _glssp
qer} tevxw< clir lmw iphiwx heyklxiv Mmpiir 83549 {irx ehzmgi {syph li kmzi xs sxlivwK .Tevh {svo erh tvsjiwwmsrep
mr ?GDG: W{er;`es 83W`39 {irx sr xs nsmr xli pe{
mrxs xli fywmriww sj tvshygmrk qszmiw 8Kgjemd[ <B9 Wb_ ors{pihki evi e qywx< Nyx qsvi mqtsvxerxp}: xv} xs fi e
jmvq sj Xii erh Xm mr `em{er: jsyrhih f} lmw jexliv< Ti
M_cjdgge erh H[l]b8 erh sjjivih lmq e glergi xs ettiev omrhiv tivwsr< dsyv kemr mw wsqisri-w psww< dsy {mpp riziv
jsgywih sr gsqqivgmep pe{< Xii erh Xm mw xli pevkiwx pe{
sr wgviir: li pietx ex xli sttsvxyrmx}< Tmw glevegxivw lezi kix iziv}xlmrk }sy {erx mr }syv pmji< _s fi gsrwmhivexi erh
jmvq mr `em{er: {mxl sziv D>> wxejj< Zs{ Olmij _irmsv
verkih jvsq e csrk `em _mr jsvxyri;xippiv xs er sphiv ke} fepergi }syv pmji</
Osyrwipsv: W`-w geviiv lew fiir fsxl izirxjyp erh vi{evhmrk<
qer xs e tspmgi glmij<
Ts{iziv: sr xst sj lmw fyw} pmji ew e pe{}iv: W` lew ep{e}w
qehi xmqi xs i|tpsvi sxliv eziryiw< [ri lew xeoir lmq
.Mgxmrk lew givxemrp} pmzirih yt q} pmji:/ li wemh< .U-q ziv} U hsr-x xlmro U eq wyggiwwjyp< Nyx U
wivmsyw efsyx mx erh lezi wxyhmih ls{ xs hs fixxiv jvsq
mrxs xli gpewwvssq< Rsv xlvii higehiw: W` {svoih tevx;
q} mhspw: wygl ew ^sfivx Pi Zmvs< U izir fvsyklx q} jvmirhw
{syph givxemrp} ekvii U-zi eglmizih q}
xmqi ew e pe{ pigxyviv mr `em{er< clir li jmrepp} irhih lmw
xieglmrk he}w: li gsyph lettmp} psso fego sr xli qer}
xs egx {mxl qi mr q} heyklxiv-w xlmvh qszmi< `liwi evi s{r hijmrmxmsr sj lettmriww mr pmji
tistpi {ls lezi ziv} wyggiwwjyp geviivw: fyx qszmiw kmzi
wxyhirxw li leh xeyklx: mrgpyhmrk lmw iphiwx heyklxiv<
xliq er ehhmxmsrep zmi{ sj pmji< Ux-w viepp} i|gmxmrk2/
QYNM epyqryw
M jyvxliv uyiwx pih lmq xs TWa_`< .U xvyp} fipmizi e pe{ W` jsyrh xli QYNM tvskveq-w mrwmklxw mrxs xli fywmriww
hikvii tpyw e fywmriww hikvii xs fi xli fiwx gsqfmrexmsr {svph sj kviex firijmx xs lmw {svo fsxl ew e pe{}iv erh e
mr xli {svph:/ W` wemh< [r wiimrk xli Wippskk;TWa_` QYNM fsevh qiqfiv sj wsqi piehmrk gsqtermiw: .Nijsvi xeomrk
tvskveq tvswtigxyw: li ori{ li leh jsyrh e {e} xs viepm~i xli QYNM: fywmriww gpmirxw {syph wsqixmqiw we}H ,dsy evi
lmw hvieq< .`lmw tvskveq irefpih qi xs gsrxmryi q} geviiv: xss qygl e pe{}iv< dsy hsr-x ors{ {lex {i-vi xlmromrk<-
wxe} {mxl q} jeqmp} mr Mwme: erh kemr er YNM jvsq {svph; _mrgi xli QYNM: U eq efpi xs wtieo xlimv perkyeki erh
gpeww wglsspw</ xlmro jvsq e fywmriww tivwtigxmzi< U ger izir vemwi qiermrkjyp
uyiwxmsrw efsyx jmrergmep wxexiqirxw2/ Yier{lmpi: gsyvwiw
wygl ew gvmwmw qerekiqirx erh svkerm~exmsrep glerki
liptih W` hiep {mxl wmxyexmsrw mr lmw s{r jmvq<
W` 6 jeqmp}<
?B ?C
QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx
bz c.nzMkn{ dv4* .{~xq -vr.L xvsr v* z{+ nxx .{~wN b+ v* no{,+ *+~v-vzt s{~
n* un||0 nzq s~,v+s,x nz r/v*+rzpr n* |{**voxrN kuv* |uvx{*{|u0 un* xrq
+ur +{| xn.0r~ q{.z ynz0 vz+r~r*+vzt ~{nq* vz uv* xvsr +{ qn+rN
W` ew e tspmgi mrwtigxsv mr H[l]b< W` tpe}w fsxl jsvxyri;xippiv 8pijx9 erh er sphiv ke} qer 8vmklx9 mr Kgjemd[ <B<
M
Zs{ ersxliv ehzirxyvsyw vspi lew evvmzih jsv xlmw qer sj _s lezmrk wiir pmji jvsq qer} hmjjivirx tsmrxw sj zmi{: {lex
jxiv kvehyexmrk jvsq Zi{ dsvo armzivwmx} Xe{ _glssp
qer} tevxw< clir lmw iphiwx heyklxiv Mmpiir 83549 {irx ehzmgi {syph li kmzi xs sxlivwK .Tevh {svo erh tvsjiwwmsrep
mr ?GDG: W{er;`es 83W`39 {irx sr xs nsmr xli pe{
mrxs xli fywmriww sj tvshygmrk qszmiw 8Kgjemd[ <B9 Wb_ ors{pihki evi e qywx< Nyx qsvi mqtsvxerxp}: xv} xs fi e
jmvq sj Xii erh Xm mr `em{er: jsyrhih f} lmw jexliv< Ti
M_cjdgge erh H[l]b8 erh sjjivih lmq e glergi xs ettiev omrhiv tivwsr< dsyv kemr mw wsqisri-w psww< dsy {mpp riziv
jsgywih sr gsqqivgmep pe{< Xii erh Xm mw xli pevkiwx pe{
sr wgviir: li pietx ex xli sttsvxyrmx}< Tmw glevegxivw lezi kix iziv}xlmrk }sy {erx mr }syv pmji< _s fi gsrwmhivexi erh
jmvq mr `em{er: {mxl sziv D>> wxejj< Zs{ Olmij _irmsv
verkih jvsq e csrk `em _mr jsvxyri;xippiv xs er sphiv ke} fepergi }syv pmji</
Osyrwipsv: W`-w geviiv lew fiir fsxl izirxjyp erh vi{evhmrk<
qer xs e tspmgi glmij<
Ts{iziv: sr xst sj lmw fyw} pmji ew e pe{}iv: W` lew ep{e}w
qehi xmqi xs i|tpsvi sxliv eziryiw< [ri lew xeoir lmq
.Mgxmrk lew givxemrp} pmzirih yt q} pmji:/ li wemh< .U-q ziv} U hsr-x xlmro U eq wyggiwwjyp< Nyx U
wivmsyw efsyx mx erh lezi wxyhmih ls{ xs hs fixxiv jvsq
mrxs xli gpewwvssq< Rsv xlvii higehiw: W` {svoih tevx;
q} mhspw: wygl ew ^sfivx Pi Zmvs< U izir fvsyklx q} jvmirhw
{syph givxemrp} ekvii U-zi eglmizih q}
xmqi ew e pe{ pigxyviv mr `em{er< clir li jmrepp} irhih lmw
xieglmrk he}w: li gsyph lettmp} psso fego sr xli qer}
xs egx {mxl qi mr q} heyklxiv-w xlmvh qszmi< `liwi evi s{r hijmrmxmsr sj lettmriww mr pmji
tistpi {ls lezi ziv} wyggiwwjyp geviivw: fyx qszmiw kmzi
wxyhirxw li leh xeyklx: mrgpyhmrk lmw iphiwx heyklxiv<
xliq er ehhmxmsrep zmi{ sj pmji< Ux-w viepp} i|gmxmrk2/
QYNM epyqryw
M jyvxliv uyiwx pih lmq xs TWa_`< .U xvyp} fipmizi e pe{ W` jsyrh xli QYNM tvskveq-w mrwmklxw mrxs xli fywmriww
hikvii tpyw e fywmriww hikvii xs fi xli fiwx gsqfmrexmsr {svph sj kviex firijmx xs lmw {svo fsxl ew e pe{}iv erh e
mr xli {svph:/ W` wemh< [r wiimrk xli Wippskk;TWa_` QYNM fsevh qiqfiv sj wsqi piehmrk gsqtermiw: .Nijsvi xeomrk
tvskveq tvswtigxyw: li ori{ li leh jsyrh e {e} xs viepm~i xli QYNM: fywmriww gpmirxw {syph wsqixmqiw we}H ,dsy evi
lmw hvieq< .`lmw tvskveq irefpih qi xs gsrxmryi q} geviiv: xss qygl e pe{}iv< dsy hsr-x ors{ {lex {i-vi xlmromrk<-
wxe} {mxl q} jeqmp} mr Mwme: erh kemr er YNM jvsq {svph; _mrgi xli QYNM: U eq efpi xs wtieo xlimv perkyeki erh
gpeww wglsspw</ xlmro jvsq e fywmriww tivwtigxmzi< U ger izir vemwi qiermrkjyp
uyiwxmsrw efsyx jmrergmep wxexiqirxw2/ Yier{lmpi: gsyvwiw
wygl ew gvmwmw qerekiqirx erh svkerm~exmsrep glerki
liptih W` hiep {mxl wmxyexmsrw mr lmw s{r jmvq<
W` 6 jeqmp}<
?B ?C
QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx Oeqtyw Xmro
{svph mr xli @>>C Kcf[f]c[d Wce_k QYNM kpsfep `li e{evhw {ivi iwxefpmwlih mr @>>B xs lsrsv epyqrm {ls
veromrkw< evi tviiqmrirx mr xlimv jmiphw erh {ls lezi wls{r xlimv
wyttsvx erh gsqqmxqirx xs xli gsrxmryih hizipstqirx sj
Rsv xli tewx xlvii }ievw: xli Wippskk;TWa_` xli _glssp<
QYNM lew fiir xli srp} tvskveq jvsq Mwme;
\egmjmg xs fi tpegih eqsrk xli `st ?>< `liwi hihmgexih epyqrm evi tvszir piehivw {ls lezi
TWa_`-w tswmxmsr hiqsrwxvexih }ix ekemr wyggiihih mr xlimv geviiv: tivwsrep pmziw: erh lezi
xli kvs{mrk mrjpyirgi sj Olmre mr xli gsrxvmfyxih wmkrmjmgerxp} xs xlimv fywmriww: mrhywxvmiw erh
qerekiqirx ihygexmsr qevoix: xli xli gsqqyrmx}< `li} evi YNM vspi qshipw: {ls lezi
Kcf[f]c[d Wce_k wemh< `li QYNM veromrkw hiqsrwxvexih ps}epx} erh pmjipsrk jvmirhwlmt xs xli _glssp:
{ivi vipiewih mr [gxsfiv @>>C< erh lezi liptih fymph mxw wyggiww ex lsqi erh {svph{mhi<
M{evhiiw evi tvstswih f} rsqmrexmsr<
`li wyvzi} tvszmhiw e gsqtvilirwmzi
vijpigxmsr sj xli szivepp wxvirkxl sj xli `li e{evhw {ivi tviwirxih sr Zsziqfiv C ex xli ?>xl Rvsq pijx xs vmklxH \vsj< Xisrevh Olirk: \vsj< Oevspmri cerk: @>>C e{evh;
TWa_` Nywmriww _glssp erh mxw Svehyexmsr Mrrmzivwev} Pmrriv liph ex TWa_`< {mrrivw ; Qwxippe Zk 8\`GC9: Xmpmer Xiyrk 8R`GC9: \ixx} Xem 8R`GC9: Wirrixl
QYNM tvskveq {mxl Wippskk< `li Ts 8\`GC9: W_ Ols{ 8\`GC9: erh \vsj< _xizi PiWvi}<
?D ?E
QYNM mr xli _tsxpmklx Oeqtyw Xmro
{svph mr xli @>>C Kcf[f]c[d Wce_k QYNM kpsfep `li e{evhw {ivi iwxefpmwlih mr @>>B xs lsrsv epyqrm {ls
veromrkw< evi tviiqmrirx mr xlimv jmiphw erh {ls lezi wls{r xlimv
wyttsvx erh gsqqmxqirx xs xli gsrxmryih hizipstqirx sj
Rsv xli tewx xlvii }ievw: xli Wippskk;TWa_` xli _glssp<
QYNM lew fiir xli srp} tvskveq jvsq Mwme;
\egmjmg xs fi tpegih eqsrk xli `st ?>< `liwi hihmgexih epyqrm evi tvszir piehivw {ls lezi
TWa_`-w tswmxmsr hiqsrwxvexih }ix ekemr wyggiihih mr xlimv geviiv: tivwsrep pmziw: erh lezi
xli kvs{mrk mrjpyirgi sj Olmre mr xli gsrxvmfyxih wmkrmjmgerxp} xs xlimv fywmriww: mrhywxvmiw erh
qerekiqirx ihygexmsr qevoix: xli xli gsqqyrmx}< `li} evi YNM vspi qshipw: {ls lezi
Kcf[f]c[d Wce_k wemh< `li QYNM veromrkw hiqsrwxvexih ps}epx} erh pmjipsrk jvmirhwlmt xs xli _glssp:
{ivi vipiewih mr [gxsfiv @>>C< erh lezi liptih fymph mxw wyggiww ex lsqi erh {svph{mhi<
M{evhiiw evi tvstswih f} rsqmrexmsr<
`li wyvzi} tvszmhiw e gsqtvilirwmzi
vijpigxmsr sj xli szivepp wxvirkxl sj xli `li e{evhw {ivi tviwirxih sr Zsziqfiv C ex xli ?>xl Rvsq pijx xs vmklxH \vsj< Xisrevh Olirk: \vsj< Oevspmri cerk: @>>C e{evh;
TWa_` Nywmriww _glssp erh mxw Svehyexmsr Mrrmzivwev} Pmrriv liph ex TWa_`< {mrrivw ; Qwxippe Zk 8\`GC9: Xmpmer Xiyrk 8R`GC9: \ixx} Xem 8R`GC9: Wirrixl
QYNM tvskveq {mxl Wippskk< `li Ts 8\`GC9: W_ Ols{ 8\`GC9: erh \vsj< _xizi PiWvi}<
?D ?E
Oeqtyw Xmro Oeqtyw Xmro
?F ?G
Oeqtyw Xmro Oeqtyw Xmro
?F ?G
Oeqtyw Xmro Oeqtyw Xmro
} 8LJBAMMEJI=G 2APAGJKHAIN 8LJCL=HM {828| =MMAMMHAIN D=M >AAI K=LN JB NDA 3RKALEAINE=G 6A=LIEIC 8LJCL=H MEI?A NDA EIN=FA JB ,++-~
3=?D MNO@AIN EM AP=GO=NA@ =I@ =MMECIA@ =I =IEH=G QDE?D LAKLAMAINM DEM*DAL MNSGA JB >AD=PEJL~
@> @?
Oeqtyw Xmro Oeqtyw Xmro
} 8LJBAMMEJI=G 2APAGJKHAIN 8LJCL=HM {828| =MMAMMHAIN D=M >AAI K=LN JB NDA 3RKALEAINE=G 6A=LIEIC 8LJCL=H MEI?A NDA EIN=FA JB ,++-~
3=?D MNO@AIN EM AP=GO=NA@ =I@ =MMECIA@ =I =IEH=G QDE?D LAKLAMAINM DEM*DAL MNSGA JB >AD=PEJL~
@> @?
Oeqtyw Xmro Mpyqrm Osvriv
_~{y
e[Z \{zt~rtn+v{z d{zq{z +{ junztunv
irpr|+v{z -vn acljk
N
svr erh vemwih mr Xsrhsr: Yev~fer Pilrykeve 8R`>B9
mw rs{ {svomrk mr _lerklem ew Spsfep Osqqshmx}
Yerekiv ex Pipp Olmre< dix xlvii }ievw eks li ori{ pmxxpi
efsyx xli gsyrxv}<
T
qswx mrjpyirxmep mr wletmrk xli kpsfep igsrsq} sziv xli
Wa_`-w ?Axl Osrkvikexmsr {ew liph jvsq Zsziqfiv
ri|x @> }ievw< U epws riihih e wglssp xlex {syph tvszmhi
G;??: {mxl er i|gpywmzi vigitxmsr xs gipifvexi xli sjjivih xli wtvmrkfsevh xs xli fssqmrk Yemrperh Olmre
e vigskrm~ih: {svph;gpeww ihygexmsr erh sjjiv e wyttsvxmzi
eglmiziqirxw sj xli YNM Opeww sj @>>C evverkih ejxiv igsrsq} xlex Yev~fer wsyklx<
egehiqmg erh wsgmep irzmvsrqirx jsv er szivwiew wxyhirx</
xli izirx< `li wtigmep kexlivmrk fvsyklx epp qiqfivw sj
xli YNM jeqmp} xskixliv xs gipifvexi xli ns}jyp sggewmsr< [rgi mr Tsrk Wsrk: Yev~fer jsyrh xli TWa_` YNM
Xssomrk ex xli wglsspw pmwxih mr xli Kcf[f]c[d Wce_k kpsfep
Ur exxirhergi {ivi jypp;xmqi: tevx;xmqi erh _lir~lir wxmqypexmrk erh {mhi;verkmrk< .Y} jezsvmxi gsyvwi {ew \vsj<
YNM veromrkw: Yev~fer {ew exxvegxih f} TWa_` Nywmriww
wxyhirxw: YNM [jjmgi qiqfivw: erh jegypx}: mrgpyhmrk Pier Xevv} Rveropmr-w 3Psmrk Nywmriww mr Olmre3< Olmriwi wxyhirxw
_glssp-w tswmxmsr< `li tvskveq {ew epws veroih xst mr xli
WO Oler: \vsj< _xizi PiWvi}: \vsj< Mpfivx Te: \vsj< Ympmrh erh xlswi jvsq szivwiew {ls leh {svoih mr Olmre jsv e
{svph mr xli mrxivrexmsrep i|tivmirgi gexiksv} erh wigsrh
^es: \vsj< Sev} Nmhhpi erh \vsj< Zk _ly;Ymrk< psrk xmqi epvieh} ori{ xli gsyrxv} {ipp: fyx xli} epp jsyrh
jsv mrxivrexmsrep jegypx}< Mrsxliv ehzerxeki {ew TWa_`-w
Xevv}-w pigxyviw kviex</
psgexmsr mr Tsrk Wsrk< Mw e kexi{e} xs Olmre: Tsrk Wsrk
[yxwmhi gpeww: Yev~fer vipmwlih Tsrk Wsrk-w egxmzi pmjiwx}pi<
Mw e qywmg jer: li pmoih lievmrk ferhw mr Xer W{em Rsrk<
Y} pmji lew xverwjivvih jvsq Ti epws irns}ih wtirhmrk xmqi ex xli {ipp;iuymttih k}q
erh tssp sr geqtyw<
ciwx xs Qewx ziv} wqssxlp}: xlerow
xs TWa_` `she}: Yev~fer-w {svo ex Pipp Olmre wiiw lmq pmzmrk mr
_lerklem< .`li pskmwxmgw gsyvwiw U xsso hyvmrk q} YNM
h~r*vqrz+vnx knxw
mrwtmvih q} mrxiviwx mr xlmw nsf erh q} fegokvsyrh sj
{svomrk mr Qyvsti erh wxyh}mrk mr Mwme liptih qi kix xli
sjjiv<
J Yev~fer erh Nemp} Xm: fsxl R`>B: evi rs{ gsppiekyiw ex Pipp Olmre<
@@ @A
Oeqtyw Xmro Mpyqrm Osvriv
_~{y
e[Z \{zt~rtn+v{z d{zq{z +{ junztunv
irpr|+v{z -vn acljk
N
svr erh vemwih mr Xsrhsr: Yev~fer Pilrykeve 8R`>B9
mw rs{ {svomrk mr _lerklem ew Spsfep Osqqshmx}
Yerekiv ex Pipp Olmre< dix xlvii }ievw eks li ori{ pmxxpi
efsyx xli gsyrxv}<
T
qswx mrjpyirxmep mr wletmrk xli kpsfep igsrsq} sziv xli
Wa_`-w ?Axl Osrkvikexmsr {ew liph jvsq Zsziqfiv
ri|x @> }ievw< U epws riihih e wglssp xlex {syph tvszmhi
G;??: {mxl er i|gpywmzi vigitxmsr xs gipifvexi xli sjjivih xli wtvmrkfsevh xs xli fssqmrk Yemrperh Olmre
e vigskrm~ih: {svph;gpeww ihygexmsr erh sjjiv e wyttsvxmzi
eglmiziqirxw sj xli YNM Opeww sj @>>C evverkih ejxiv igsrsq} xlex Yev~fer wsyklx<
egehiqmg erh wsgmep irzmvsrqirx jsv er szivwiew wxyhirx</
xli izirx< `li wtigmep kexlivmrk fvsyklx epp qiqfivw sj
xli YNM jeqmp} xskixliv xs gipifvexi xli ns}jyp sggewmsr< [rgi mr Tsrk Wsrk: Yev~fer jsyrh xli TWa_` YNM
Xssomrk ex xli wglsspw pmwxih mr xli Kcf[f]c[d Wce_k kpsfep
Ur exxirhergi {ivi jypp;xmqi: tevx;xmqi erh _lir~lir wxmqypexmrk erh {mhi;verkmrk< .Y} jezsvmxi gsyvwi {ew \vsj<
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xli \lsxs Seppiv} ex {{{<qfeee<gsq
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riihw< .Yswx tistpi lezi rsx viepp} gsrrigxih xliwi eview
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xs zmi jsv xli weqi tssp sj womppih iqtps}iiw: gsqtermiw
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qe} riih xs wxevx fvsehirmrk xlimv syxpsso syxwmhi xli ywyep
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vigvymxqirx tssp<
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erh xlimv viwypxw {mxl T^ lew fiir
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e lyki glerki</
{livi xli Mwmer jeqmp};qerekih gsqter} lew vigirxp}
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xli jmvwx xmqi<
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iqtps}ii vipexmsrw erh
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xvemrmrk< clmpi T^-w ekirhe
he} xs oiit yt {mxl xli pexiwx hizipstqirxw mr fywmriww
riihw xs fi gpswip} epmkrih
erh xiglrspsk}: xs gsrxmryi xs ehh xs lmw gsqter}-w
{mxl xlex sj xli OQ[ erh xli
hizipstqirx: erh xs gevv} sr pssomrk jsv{evh xs xli he}
Nsevh: xli T^ qerekiv qywx epws
{lir xli iwwirxmep gsrxvmfyxmsr T^ qeoiw xs e gsqter}-w
tivjsvqergi mw vigskrm~ih egvsww xli fywmriww viepq< Mw
T^ Yerekiv sj xli diev: li mw epvieh} liptmrk xs qeoi xlmw
lettir<
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syxpsso< Zs{ U lezi e jev fixxiv
gsqtvilirwmsr sj xli jypp irxivtvmwi:
rsx nywx sri jyrgxmsr
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mvzzvzt Z||~{npu +{ ai
Z k{n*+ +{ mvzrMkn*+vzt
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T^ M{evhw @>>C tviwirxih ex xli Fxl Mrryep Tyqer
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mr [gxsfiv<
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nsyvrep wspip} hihmgexih xs lyqer viwsyvgiw qerekiqirx i|glerkmrk {mri ors{pihki erh sxlivw gexglmrk yt sr xli pexiwx
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xli \lsxs Seppiv} ex {{{<qfeee<gsq
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oi} jegxsv mr lmw ettvsegl: li wemh: {ew xs pmro T^ erh
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glerki qerekiqirx {mxl xli gsqter}-w szivepp wxvexikmg
{mppmrkriww xs pievr: erh f} rsx jsgywmrk wspip} sr T^<
riihw< .Yswx tistpi lezi rsx viepp} gsrrigxih xliwi eview
hmvigxp} {mxl fywmriww wxvexik}< U lezi fiir efpi xs hs xlmw
Nswom wiiw wipigxmsr sj xli vmklx xepirx ew sri sj xli oi}
mr q} gsqter}: {lmgl U qywx gvihmx {lspp} xs q} glemvqer-w
jyxyvi gleppirkiw jsv fywmriwwiw ew e {lspi erh T^ mr
zmwmsr erh mrmxmexmzi</
tevxmgypev< Mw hizipstmrk qevoixw sjxir i|tivmirgi e
qmwqexgl sj tistpi mr zevmsyw wigxsvw: piezmrk gsqtermiw
Tmw YNM wxyhmiw lezi epws tpe}ih er mqtsvxerx tevx mr
xs zmi jsv xli weqi tssp sj womppih iqtps}iiw: gsqtermiw
irefpmrk lmq xs hizipst wygl er ettvsegl< .Nimrk efpi xs
qe} riih xs wxevx fvsehirmrk xlimv syxpsso syxwmhi xli ywyep
yrhivwxerh xli jmrergmepw sj xli gsqter}: fywmriww tperw:
vigvymxqirx tssp<
erh wxvexik}: erh pmro yt xliwi egxmzmxmiw
erh xlimv viwypxw {mxl T^ lew fiir
_ygl e qszi lew epvieh} fiir wix mr qsxmsr ex WO Yevmxmqi
e lyki glerki</
{livi xli Mwmer jeqmp};qerekih gsqter} lew vigirxp}
wxevxih xs vigvymx rsr;Mwmerw ex xli qswx wirmsv pizipw jsv
T^ gszivw e zevmix} sj eview:
xli jmvwx xmqi<
mrgpyhmrk vigvymxqirx:
iqtps}ii vipexmsrw erh
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xvemrmrk< clmpi T^-w ekirhe
he} xs oiit yt {mxl xli pexiwx hizipstqirxw mr fywmriww
riihw xs fi gpswip} epmkrih
erh xiglrspsk}: xs gsrxmryi xs ehh xs lmw gsqter}-w
{mxl xlex sj xli OQ[ erh xli
hizipstqirx: erh xs gevv} sr pssomrk jsv{evh xs xli he}
Nsevh: xli T^ qerekiv qywx epws
{lir xli iwwirxmep gsrxvmfyxmsr T^ qeoiw xs e gsqter}-w
tivjsvqergi mw vigskrm~ih egvsww xli fywmriww viepq< Mw
T^ Yerekiv sj xli diev: li mw epvieh} liptmrk xs qeoi xlmw
lettir<
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syxpsso< Zs{ U lezi e jev fixxiv
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rsx nywx sri jyrgxmsr
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ss
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jvmirh9
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st
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9
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rk: _ i
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jcablE
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mrk: _xizir
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k: P
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su mrk W yi r:
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c mr k:
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U hsr-x xlmro er} sj yw gsyph lezi gsqtpixih
xli xvemp {mxlsyx wygl qyxyep wyttsvx
LaP[YTf IU 4JM8;6 MTPZ <=5
AE lvw A qmrw
ci-vi ziv} tvsyh sj }sy epp< ci epws lezi
xs xlero epp xli wpiit;hitvmzih wyttsvx xieq
`ieq Kjge d_`l lg jca
blE
`lmw {ew e {srhivjyp ,nsyvri}-< `lerow `leq Wmr Ts
r 8TWa_` jvmir
tm
qiqfivw {ls ewwmwxih xlvsyklsyx xli xlvii Oler Tey Xi h9
e psx xs epp xli S^QM` _a\\[^`Q^_2 `limv srk: Sverh 8T
Xii dmy Olyr Wa_` jvmirh9
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\s dmy Xyr: Mp
fiir efpi xs jmrmwl {mxlsyx }sy pir 8\`GG9
gliivjyp jegiw erh hipmgmsyw qiepw xlex tywlih
EPRXf HPX 4JM8;6 A\_T Lb]]\_a MTPZ5 yw xs oiit ksmrk2
K\`` GPZ 4JM8;6 MTPZ <=5
ci leh
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`s epp wyttsvxivwH U {ew xsyglih xs wii
gsyphr-x kmzi yt qmh{e} figeywi U ori{ U wtiihw: i|tivmirgiw erh
xli hipmgmsyw qiepw ex iziv} gligotsmrx< dsyv
{syph fi wiimrk }sy ekemr ex xli jmrmwlmrk pmri< temrjyp qsqirxw: fyx {i epp leh
xviqirhsyw wyttsvx jyipih yw tl}wmgepp} erh
dsyv hihmgexmsr lew vihijmrih jvmirhwlmt erh xli weqi ksep + xs gsqtpixi xli nsyvri}<
qirxepp}
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?[S_Td AVWb 4JM8;6 MTPZ <=5 {erxih xs uymx< U eq ziv} tvsyh sj xli xieq
HPaRVf HP 4JM8;6 MTPZ <=5
HP_R\ AVb[U 4JM8;6 MTPZ <>5
@D @E
YNMMM Zi{w YNMMM Zi{w
ss
Ryrk cem Olyrk 8\`GB9
s,xx +rny* p{y|xr+vzt +ur punxxrztrN mrxx q{zrL Xey Olm Nsrk 8TWa_`
jvmirh9
r-r~0{zrF Xiyrk W{er Zm: cm{mr
8TWa_` epyqrm9
AF lvw
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ksri lepj {e}2
LaTcT[ G\
4JM8;6 MTPZ <>5
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`ieq
AD qmr
Kjge
d_`l
lg jca w
st
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Olmy k: Y e `>C9
Ol xgl}
Zk c yr cel: 8\`>C
9
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rk: _ i
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B@ lvw CC qmrw
} 8\`
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jcablE
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mrk: _xizir
`ieq Xs cmrk _l
ir rm w 8\`> C9
k: P
Ux {ew e viepp} i|gmxmrk erh lett} Ut cym cmr C9
_xizi 8\`>
su mrk W yi r:
qsqirx {lir {i {epoih tewx xli Oler W Y evgs 8\`>C9
c mr k:
Olyrk Weq
jmrmwlmrk pmri< `lerow xs q} xieq qiqfivw<
U hsr-x xlmro er} sj yw gsyph lezi gsqtpixih
xli xvemp {mxlsyx wygl qyxyep wyttsvx
LaP[YTf IU 4JM8;6 MTPZ <=5
AE lvw A qmrw
ci-vi ziv} tvsyh sj }sy epp< ci epws lezi
xs xlero epp xli wpiit;hitvmzih wyttsvx xieq
`ieq Kjge d_`l lg jca
blE
`lmw {ew e {srhivjyp ,nsyvri}-< `lerow `leq Wmr Ts
r 8TWa_` jvmir
tm
qiqfivw {ls ewwmwxih xlvsyklsyx xli xlvii Oler Tey Xi h9
e psx xs epp xli S^QM` _a\\[^`Q^_2 `limv srk: Sverh 8T
Xii dmy Olyr Wa_` jvmirh9
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\s dmy Xyr: Mp
fiir efpi xs jmrmwl {mxlsyx }sy pir 8\`GG9
gliivjyp jegiw erh hipmgmsyw qiepw xlex tywlih
EPRXf HPX 4JM8;6 A\_T Lb]]\_a MTPZ5 yw xs oiit ksmrk2
K\`` GPZ 4JM8;6 MTPZ <=5
ci leh
`s q} wyttsvx xieq qiqfivwH U wmqtp} hmjjivirx {epomrk
`s epp wyttsvxivwH U {ew xsyglih xs wii
gsyphr-x kmzi yt qmh{e} figeywi U ori{ U wtiihw: i|tivmirgiw erh
xli hipmgmsyw qiepw ex iziv} gligotsmrx< dsyv
{syph fi wiimrk }sy ekemr ex xli jmrmwlmrk pmri< temrjyp qsqirxw: fyx {i epp leh
xviqirhsyw wyttsvx jyipih yw tl}wmgepp} erh
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qirxepp}
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?[S_Td AVWb 4JM8;6 MTPZ <=5 {erxih xs uymx< U eq ziv} tvsyh sj xli xieq
HPaRVf HP 4JM8;6 MTPZ <=5
HP_R\ AVb[U 4JM8;6 MTPZ <>5
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