Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

Li m u
Cng vic thit k sng to, vi mc tiu tha mn ti a cc yu cu ca i tng s dng sn phm thit k, cng c th c coi nh mt nghin cu khoa hc, bi v trong qu trnh , ngi thit k lun phi c nh hng, lun t ra cc cu hi v gian kh i tm cc phng n tr li, hay ni mt cch khc, ngi thit k phi c t duy ca mt nh nghin cu khoa hc v c mt phng php thit k phng php nghin cu khoa hc ng n. Trong bi tp ny, hc vin trnh by qu trnh nghin cu ca mnh thc hin mt ti nh: Thit k mi cho t bp. y l bi tham d cuc thi thit k: Kitchen is the Heart of the Home do mng Designboom.com (Italia) t chc nm 2004

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Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

Ni dung ti.
1. Tn ti: Tm tng mi cho t bp trn trong h thng bp nu n gia nh. 2. L do nghin cu: Thit k tham d cuc thi Kitchen is the Heart of the Home (cc ch vit hoa hc vin nguyn theo tn chnh thc ca cuc thi) do mng Designboom.comItalia t chc. (Designboom.com l cu ni gia ngi thit k v nh sn xut trong lnh vc ni tht, tt c cc cuc thi do mng ny t chc u hng ti mc ch chn c cc thit k tt nht a vo sn xut phc v cuc sng. Hng nm, ty theo yu cu ca cc hng sn xut, c th c rt nhiu cuc thi vi cc ch khc nhau, thu ht ng o designer trn th gii, s lng trung bnh khong 2000 ngi mi cuc thi). 3. Mc tiu ca ti: a. a ra tng thit k t bp treo trn kiu mi, tin li cho s dng, ph hp v mt cng nng, mi l v hnh thcy l c hi thc hnh nghin cu ngh nghip thun ty. b. ot gii thng ca cuc thi c th a thit k vo giai on chi tit v sn xut. 4. Phm vi nghin cu ca ti: t bp trn trong h thng bp nu n gia nh. Cn ni thm, cuc thi chia ra 3 th loi: a. Thit k tng th bp. b. Thit k chi tit ph kin - dng lm bp. c. Thit k chi tit ring t trn ca bp. Hc vin tham gia th loi C. V chi tit ca ti: nhn mnh v phn tng to hnh (hnh dng-kch thc-vt liu), cng nng s dng (s thun tin, ph hp nhn trc hc), giai on ny, phn chi tit k thut mc ch cn dng mc thp, cha cn qu k lng.

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Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

5. Cc mu kho st:

Cc mu t bp trn kiu c c trn th trng Vit Nam v th gii (xem nh minh ha) v mt cht liu v hnh dng rt a dng, phong cch trang tr theo nhiu thi k v ch khc nhau, kch thc t trn v khong cch so vi bn bp di thay i ty theo s o nhn trc ca mi dn tc. V d: cc quc gia chu A, nht l Vit Nam, cc s o ny thp hn khong 5cm so vi s o cc quc gia chu u.

T trn c th trng, khng c ca, ch n thun l cc gi hoc c ca ng kn (bng g, knh, nha...) Cch m ca: y ngang hoc cnh m. Nhn chung, vi cc cnh m ny, ngi s dng thng gp kh khn khi ly nhng cc v tr cao, d gp chn thng khi c gng do rn, vi qu mc hoc b ri vo ngi, c bit nguy him khi va chm vo phn mt, mt, c.

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Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

6. Cc cu hi nghin cu: 7. Lun im khoa hc a. Khong cch gia t trn v bn bp bao nhiu l va phi? (tm gi l tham s A) b. cao ca t trn l bao nhiu nm trong tm vi an ton (khng phi qu c gng) ca ngui s dng, khng b ri vo ngi? (tm gi l tham s B) c. Vt liu bng g? Vt liu nh hng nh th no n s quan st ca ngi s dng? d. Kt cu ra sao? Hin ti, cc kt cu t bp (m hc vin c bit) u tnh, liu c gii php ng - di chuyn linh hot hay khng, n gp phn g gip ci thin thit k? e. Hnh dng th no cho mi l? g. Cch thc tip cn hin ti (ly, ct t t, quan st t bn ngoi l ti u v duy nht cha? Liu cn c cch thc no khc? h. Cc vn a, b, c, d tn ti mt cch c lp, khng c s tng tc vi nhau hay c mi lin h no gia chng, nu c, vi s kt hp ca cc yu t trn, ta c kt qu nh th no? a. Cc s liu nhn trc hc v lin h vi cc kch thc ca t bp: theo Nhng d liu ca kin trc s - S tay cc kiu cng trnh xy dng, tc gi Neufert do nh xut bn Khoa hc v k thut ti bn ln th 2 nm 1998 tm vi ca mt ngi bnh thng l 2160mm (t l cn i ca c th do kin trc s Le Corbusier nghin cu v a ra ), cc tham s A, B ln lt l 650 v 700mm, tm vi khi ng bp ca ph n l 1850. y l cc tiu chun u, M. Cc s o ny cc chu lc khc c s bin i, c th nh ni phn 5, sai lch c th ln ti 50mm b. Quan im ca hc vin - ngi thit k truc vn trn: R rng c s khc bit v mt cu trc v hnh dng, s o th cht gia cc dn tc trn cc vng min, gia cc chng tc, khng th nhm mt tra sch v p dng mt cch my mc cc thng s c. V d trong t l ni ting ca Le Corbusier, chiu cao bnh thng t ra (ca n ng trng thnh l 1.75), s liu ny c, cch y 40 nm nhng c th Vit Nam, con s tng t mi ch l 1.67m. Hn na, y l cuc thi nhm mc ch tm cc thit k sn xut hng lot v bn trn th trng ton cu v vy theo quan im ca hc vin, cn x l vn mt cc kho lo, nu ra mt gii php tng

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Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

th mang hiu qu cao, linh hot nh mt kh nng bin i no c. Tr li cc cu hi v xut gii php mi (gi thuyt nghin cu) tr li cc cu hi-cc vn nu phn 6, hc vin a ra phung n lm t bp theo kiu v dim dng ng, mt ngoi bng nha trong c cc l nh c th quan st bn trong v thng kh, phn rut c th trt ln v xung c nh mt ngn ko. Do c th ko xung st mt bn bp nn tham s A c th c nng ln 1000mm, to thng kh v chiu sng ng k cho khu bp, to s lin h ci m hn vi cc khng gian sinh hot xung quanh. Tham s B vn gi nguyn. Chiu cao ca ngi ng bp tr nn t quan trng hn trong cn nhc khi thit k, ch cn m bo cao n tay nm ko xung l 1900 (y l cao ca ngi cao 1450 c th d dng vi ti). Thit k th hin qua hnh v.

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Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

8. Chng minh tnh kh dng ca gi thuyt: Cc phng php chng minh: . thc a - phng vn - iu tra - hi tho - thc nghim th im Do khng c iu kin thi gian, kinh ph v quy m ca ti nn hc vin ch c th thc hin c phng

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Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

php phng vn, trn nhiu tui, hnh th, ngh nghip, trnh hc vn, mc s dng bp tuy nhin cng ch mt quy m nh hp. i tng phng vn v cc kin: M: ngh hu, ngh nghip trc y: u bp, hin ti: ni tr gia nh, 57 tui, trnh : tt nghip ph thng trung hc, cao 1.55m. kin: c v hp l, khng gian gia t trn v bn bp s thong hn, khng phi bc gh hay c gng vi khi ly trn cao. Ch gi: nh bo, 29 tui, trnh : c nhn bo ch v ngoi ng chuyn ngnh phin dch ting Nga, lp gia nh, c 1 con trai, thng xuyn lm cng vic ni tr cao 1.50m. kin: c, mi l, tin li v khng phi bc gh hay c gng vi khi ly trn cao (do hi thp). Em gi (em h): sinh vin nm cui H. Bch Khoa H Ni, 23 tui, t khi vo bp do bn hc v li, cao 1.65m kin: mi l, tuy nhin khng quan tm lm. Bn gi ca em trai: kin trc s, trnh : i hc, 25 tui, t khi vo bp do cng vic qu bn, gn y thng xuyn hn do ang i hc nu n, cao 1.63m.

kin: mi l, cn quan tm hn n kt cu v kh nng chu ti. Mt em gi hng xm: bn ph, trnh : lp 7/12, 20 tui, lm bp chuyn nghip, cao 1.67m. kin: mi l, tuy nhin cha hiu lm, cn c mu tht th nghim trc tip. Hin ti khng thy c vn g vi t bp trn ang s dng. B: nhn vin k thut ng st ngh hu, 62 tui, t khi phi lm bp, cao 1.60m. kin: l, tip cn d dng, kt cu ray trt nh th no m bo v kh nng chu ti. Em trai: kin trc s, trnh : i hc, 24 tui, cha bao gi phi lm bp mt cch ng ngha, cao 1.68m. kin: cch t vn khc l. Bn cng c quan, nam gii,kin trc s, 27 tui, nu n kh ngon, cao 1.72m kin: OK! Thch tng trn,mi l, cn y k hn. 9. Lun c l thuyt: V mt l thuyt, tuy tng-gi thuyt a ra l mi m nhng ht sc n gin v mi kha cnh: s sn c ca vt liu, n gin ca kt cu, tng i hp l trong

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Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

cch lp lun nn hc vin tin vo kh nng hin thc ca n, c th t c mc tiu ra phn 3. 10. Cc quan st thc t cng c, chng minh tnh thit thc ca phng n thit k: Cuc thi giai on tm tng nn hc vin lc ny cha vch ra gii php c th cho phn k thut (phn c nhiu kin bn khon nht) nhng theo quan st, cc kt cu tng t, c th chnh sa v a vo p dng trong trng hp ny l: ca gara y tay ln pha trn rt ph bin cc nc u, M. a vo thc t, thit k cn hon thin nhiu nhng c th chc, tng c th tr thnh hin thc 11. Kt qu cuc thi: a. Cc nghin cu gn ging c v ang tin hnh trong cng thi gian: y l mt thit k tng - tham d mt cuc thi, c nh gi bi hi ng cc nh sn xut, designer chuyn nghip, s nh gi ca h, phn no th hin tnh ng n trong nh hng nghin cu. Trong 3000 bi d thi, nghin cu ca hc vin lt vo vng 2 (100 bi). Gii 1 cuc thi, cng th loi cng l mt tng v s linh hot ca t bp, trong phng n mang tn LIFT (nng) ny t bp cng c b tr trt ln v xung b. Nhn xt v nh gi ca bn thn. Trong 2 mc tiu ra, nghin cu ch c c c hi c xt, nghin cu hc hi v ngh nghip trong

cch t vn v gii quyt vn (gm c gii quyt vn bng nhy cm v nng lc trong thit k). Bi tp ny s dng mt n c rn luyn phng php nghin cu khoa hc - phng php lm vic, thit k c nh hng v hiu qu.

Bi thi gii 1 (cng th loi) mang tn LIFT (nng) ca michel cornu + jean-pierre schoch + mattia brianza + andrea guarisco
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Bi tp mn: Phng php nghin cu khoa hc.

Thy S

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