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Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
Ch-3: Biu din tn hiu tun hon dng chui Fourier
Lecture-6
3.3. Chui Fourier v tnh cht
3.4. Chui Fourier v h thng LTI
Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3. Chui Fourier v cc tnh cht
3.3.1. Chui Fourier
3.3.3. Cc tnh cht ca chui Fourier
3.3.2. iu kin tn ti chui Fourier
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Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.1. Chui Fourier
Xt tp tn hiu:
{ }
0
jn t
e ; n=0, 1, 2,....
Ta c:
1 0
0 0 0 0
1
t T
jn t jm t jn t jm t
t
(e , e )= e e dt
+

0
0
2
T

= v
1 0
0
1
t T
j(n m) t
t
= e dt
+

1 0
0
1
t T
j(n m) t
t
0
1
= e
j(n m)
+

0 1 0 0
j(n m) t j(n m) T
0
1
= e [e 1]
j(n m)

=0
V:
1 0
0 0 0 0
1
t T
jn t jn t jn t jn t
0 n
t
(e , e )= e e dt T E
+

= =

Vy tp tn hiu trn l khng gian tn hiu trc giao.

Dng kt qu phn trc ta c biu din chui Fourier cho f(t)
trong khong t
1
<t<t
1
+T
0
0
jn t
n
n=
f(t)= D e

1 0
0
1
t +T
-jn t
n
t
0
1
D = f(t)e dt
T

vi
Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.1. Chui Fourier
Chui Fourier cho tn hiu tun hon:
0
jn t
n
n=
f(t)= D e

1 0
0
1
t +T
jn t
n
t
0
1
D = f(t)e dt
T

vi Ta c:
ch ng trong khong t
1
<t<t
1
+T
0
. Trn ton trc thi gian:
0
jn t
n
n=
(t)= D e

0 0
jn (t+T )
0 n
n=
(t+T )= D e (t)

Suy ra chui Fourier biu din cho tn hiu tun hon. Tm li,
nu f(t) tun hon vi chu k T
0
s c biu din bi chui
Fourier nh sau:
0
jn t
n
n=
f(t)= D e

0
0
jn t
n
T
0
1
D = f(t)e dt
T

0
0
2

=
3
Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.1. Chui Fourier
V d: tm chui Fourier biu din cho TH tun hon nh hnh v
1
1
T
1
0
-T
2T 1 1
D = dt
T T 3
= =

1
1 1
0 0
1 1
T T
jn t jn t
n
T -T
0
1 1
D = e dt e
T jn T

0 1 0 1
jn T jn T
1
(e e )
j2n

0 1
1
sin(n T )
n
=
1 n
sin
n 3

| |
=
|
\
1 n
sinc
3 3
| |
=
|
\
0
jn t
n=
1 n
f(t)= sinc e
3 3

| |
|
\

Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.1. Chui Fourier
Chui Fourier lng gic: trong trng hp f(t) l tn hiu thc
*
f(t)=f (t)
0
jn t
n
n=
f(t)= D e

0
jn t *
n
n=
D e

0
jn t *
n
n=
D e

n n
D D

=
*
n n
D D

=
chui Fourier c vit li nh sau:
0 0
jn t jn t
0 n n
n=1
f(t)=D (D e D e )

+ +

0 0
jn t jn t *
0 n n
n=1
=D (D e D e )

+ +

0 n 0 n
n=1
f(t)=C C cos(n t+ )

0 0 n n n n
C =D ; C =2|D |; D =
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Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.1. Chui Fourier
Ph ca tn hiu tun hon: chui Fourier biu din tn hiu tun
hon thnh tng cc thnh phn tn s. Phn b gi tr ca cc
thnh phn trn thang tn s gi l ph tn s (thng gi l ph)
tn hiu. Trong trng hp tng qut ngi ta dng ph bin v
ph pha.
0
jn t
n=
1 n
f(t)= sinc e
3 3

| |
|
\

Xt v d trc:
Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.2. iu kin tn ti chui Fourier
Cc tn hiu tun hon c nng lng trong 1 chu k hu hn u
c th biu din bng chui Fourier (D
n
hu hn & nng lng sai
s bng 0). Thc t f(t) & chui Fourier s khng c s phn bit
i vi cc h thng vt l v chng p ng trn c s nng lng
iu kin Dirichlet: chui Fourier hi t v gi tr trung bnh ti
im gin on
iu kin 1: D
n
hu hn
T
|f(t)|dt<

f(t)=1/t; 0<t 1
Khng tha iu kin 1
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Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.2. iu kin tn ti chui Fourier
iu kin 2: c s cc i v cc tiu hu hn trong 1 chu k
Ex: f(t)=sin(2 /t); 0<t 1 Tha K 1 nhng khng tha 2
iu kin 3: c s im gin on v gi tr gin on l hu hn
trong 1 chu k
Khng tha K 3
Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.2. iu kin tn ti chui Fourier
Hin tng Gibbs: pht hin: nh vt l Michelson gii thch:
nh ton hc Gibbs
9%
9% 9%
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Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.3. Cc tnh cht ca chui Fourier
Tnh tuyn tnh:
1 1n
2 2n
f (t) D
f (t) D

1 1 2 2 n 1 1n 2 2n
f(t)=k f (t)+k f (t) D =k D k D +
Php dch thi gian:
n
f(t) D
0 0
jn t
0 n
f(t t ) e D

Php o thi gian:
n
f(t) D
n
f( t) D

Php t l thi gian:
n
f(t) D
0
jna t
n n
f(at) D ; f(at)= D
n
e

Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.3.3. Cc tnh cht ca chui Fourier
Nhn 2 tn hiu:
1 1n
2 2n
f (t) D
f (t) D

1 2 n 1n 2(n-k)
k=
f(t)=f (t)f (t) D = D D

Lin hip phc:

n
f(t) D
* *
n
f (t) D

nh l Parseval :
2 2
f n
T
n=
1
P |f(t)| dt= |D |
T

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Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.4. Chui Fourier v h thng LTI
Xt h thng LTI vi p ng xung l h(t)
v f(t) l tn hiu tun hon tha iu kin Dirichlet. Khi c th
biu din f(t) thnh chui Fourier l tng ca cc thnh phn TS e
jnot
0
jn t
n
n=
f(t)= D e

0
jn t
n
n=
y(t)=f(t) h(t)= D [e h(t)]

0
jn (t )
n
n=
y(t)= D h()e d

0 0
jn jn t
n
n=
= D h()e d e

(
(

0
jn t
n 0
n=
y(t)= D H(n )e

jt
H()= h(t)e dt

Signal & Systems - Tran Quang Viet FEEE, HCMUT Semester: 02/10-11
3.4. Chui Fourier v h thng LTI
Nhn xt v p ng ca h thng LTI vi tn hiu tun hon
y(t) cng c biu din di dng chui Fourier vi cc h s l
D
n
H(n
0
) y(t) l tn hiu tun hon cng tn s vi f(t)
Cc thnh phn tn s khc nhau ca f(t) khi qua HT LTI s b thay
i khc nhau v bin v pha ty thuc vo H() HT LTI
ng vai tr l mt b chn lc tn s; H(): p ng tn s.
V d: xc nh chui Fourier ca ng ra HT LTI c p ng xung
h(t)=e
-2t
u(t) vi ng vo f(t) nh v d phn 3.3.1 c T=
jt
; H()= h(t)e dt

0
jn t
n=
1 n
f(t)= sinc e
3 3

| |
|
\

1
2+j
=
j2nt
n=
1 n
f(t)= sinc e
6(1+jn) 3

| |
|
\