{\rtf1{\fonttbl {\f2 Times New Roman Bold;} {\f3 Times New Roman;} {\f4 Calibri;} {\f5 Times New

Roman;} {\f6 Times New Roman Bold;} {\f7 Times New Roman;} {\f1000000 Times New Roman;} }{\colortbl; \red0\green0\blue0; \red0\green0\blue0; \red0\green0\blue0; \red0\green0\blue0; \red0\green0\blue0; \red0\green0\blue0; }\viewkind1\viewscale100\margl0\margr0\margt0\margb0\deftab80\dntblnsbdb\expshrt n\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg1}{\bkmkend Pg1}\par\pard \ql \li4772\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4772\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ ql\li4772\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li4772\sb123\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expn dtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Drept Financiar Fiscal \par\p ard\li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0\fi3976 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper sub\cf1\f2\fs24 Hncu Radu st. gr.DFFn-121m\par\pard\li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0\fi 3518 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 TEORIA GENERALA A DREPTULUI\par\pard\li427\sb 200\sl-276\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24 \ul Literatura:\par\pard\ql \li427\sb196\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscal ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1) Boris Negru, Alina Negru - Teoria Generala a Dreptului (Chisinau 2006) \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expnd tw-4\charscalex100 2) Gheorghe Avornic - Teoria Generala a Dreptului ( Chisnau 1 996-2003) \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 3) Ceterchii Ioan, Craiovan Ion- Introducere in Teoria Generala a Dreptului ( B ucuresti 1998) \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscal ex100 4) Dumityru Mazilu- Teoria Generala a Dreptului (Bucuresti 2000) \par\pard \ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 5) Nicolai Popa- T eoria Generala a Dreptului (Bucureshti 2002) \par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\ par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li4 27\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb56\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx5087 \up0 \expndt w-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA I:\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charsc alex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Conceptul de Drept\par\pard\ql \li427\sb1 88\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 No tiunea de Drept \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsca lex100 2 Originea si evolutia Dreptului \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 3 Primele codificari \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl -276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 4 Continutul si forma Dreptului \par\ pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 5 Tipurile de Drept \par\pard\ql \li548\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. Notiunea de Drept. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri567\sb7\sl273\slmult0\fi60 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept ul este unul din ansamblul de norme juridince care au drept scop reglementarea r elatiilor dein cadrul unei \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 colectivitati umane. Cu alte cuvinte dreptul este un ansamblu de norme sociale care au drept scop organ izarea \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 vietii in cadrul unei comunitati. In sens e thnic Dreptul este un ansamblu de idei, notiuni, concepte si principia. \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 Dreptul poate fi interpretat in mai multesensuri: \par\par d\qj \li787\ri1040\sb36\sl-480\slmult0\tx2768 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0 \nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a.\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f s24\ul Drept Obiectiv \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - care constituie totalitatea normelor juridice, adic a regulelor de convetuire sociala \line\tab \up0 \expnd tw-2\charscalex100 instituite in cadrul societatii \par\pard\ql \li787\sb169\sl276\slmult0\tx2616 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b.\u l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Drept Pozitiv \ul0\ta

b \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta a cea p arte a dreptului obiectiv aflata in vigoare la un anumit timp. Deasemenea \par\p ard\qj \li2768\ri244\sb36\sl-480\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dretpul p ozitiv reprezinta acel drept aplicabil si obligatoriu care in caz de necessitate poate \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 fi asigurat prin forta coercitiva (constrin gere) a statului. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri708\sb0\sl-480\slmult0\tx2768 \up0 \expn dtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c.\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Drept Subiectiv\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - repr ezinta prerogativele, obligatiile ce revin unei persoane si posibilitatea de apa rarea \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 drepturilor asezate de catre perso ane terte \par\pard\qj \li427\ri550\sb166\sl-280\slmult0\fi168 \up0 \expndtw-2\c harscalex100 Atit dreptul obiectiv cit si dreptul subiectiv reprezinta 2 ipostaz e complementare ale fenomenului numit drept. \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Dreptul e asimilat de catre toate formatiunile statale si reprezinta o necesit ate in redarea evolutiei ulterioare. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \u p0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Originea si evolutia Dreptului. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri920\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\ch arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dreptul fiind un fenomen aflat in strins a legatura c viata sociala a e volutionat o data cu evolutia omenirii. \line \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Primele elemente de drept apare o data cu primele for me de organizare in familii, ginte, truburi. Cercetarile \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs 24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg2}{\bkmkend Pg2}\par\par d\ql \li427\sb0\sl-270\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\ri240\sb206\sl-270\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 efectuate de antropologi, sociologi si istorici au consemnat ca primele raporturi in cadrul comunitatilor tribale erau \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 reglementate de catre Tabouri. Aceste reguli ulterior a sat la baza ascendentei Dreptului pin ala perioada Nor mei \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Cutumiare. \par\pard\ql \li712\sb206\sl276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nos upersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Cutuma\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f 3\fs24 - este o norma (obicei) care fiind practicat de o perioada indelungata d e timp ulterior devenind \par\pard\qj \li2093\ri485\sb36\sl-480\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-2\charscalex100 ( Norma Obligatorie) este o norma necesara repetata in tim p si ajunge sa devina o ordine p-u o \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 anumita comu nitate. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri632\sb166\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 Odata cu aparitia statului Dreptul trece la o alta etapa evolutiva si major itatea normelor cutumiare devin norme \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 scrise si su nt codificate in acele normative ale statelor respective. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri 344\sb217\sl-260\slmult0\fi300 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Dretptul ca fenomen al statului cu timpul se configureaza ca un sistem distinct structurat desprin s de morala si \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 obicei, alcatuieste norme juridice scrise in institutie de stat si aplicabile la nevoia fortei publice. \par\pard\q l \li427\sb207\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\ f2\fs24 3. Primele Codificari. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri2477\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\fi1 80 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Primele monumente l egislative le intilnim in orientul antic si in antichitatea grecoromana. \up0 \e xpndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Primele codificari sunt\ul 0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 : \par\pard\ql \li474\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndt w-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Le gile lui Manu \par\pard\ql \li474\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Codul lui Hamur abi \par\pard\ql \li474\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\n osupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Codul lui Mu \par\pard\ql \li474\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\ fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legile lui Solon \par\pard\ql \li474\sb204\ sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 e)\ul0\n osupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legile lui Moise \par\pard\qj \li995\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li995\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li995\ri1213\sb121\sl-280\slm ult0\tx1356 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nos upersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legile lui Manu cuprind norme juridice contopite cu norme

religioase, erau redactate in versuri \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 re glementau relatiile caste. \par\pard\qj \li954\ri3156\sb35\sl-480\slmult0\fi41 \ up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f 3\fs24 Codul lui Hamurabi cuprinde norme juridice morale si religioase. 2000 .H \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Dreptul roman: (Jus Civile) -Dreptul cetatenilor romani . \par\pard\ql \li2514\sb169\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 (Jus Cantium)- Dreptul gintilor. \par\pard\ql \li995\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 Legile lui Solon: Dreptul Atenian si contine reglementarile de ordin reli gios, casatoria, adoptia etc. \par\pard\ql \li995\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \exp ndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legile lui Moise: Dreptul Ebraic care se intersecateaza cu normele religioase . \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \ par\pard\ql\li427\sb132\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupe rsub\cf1\f2\fs24 4. Continutul si forma Dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri303\sb4 \sl-276\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Continutul reprezinta totalitatea elementelor constituitive esentiale care carac terizeaza existenta unui obiect sau \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 fenomen, ansam blu interactiunilor si proprietatilor care asigura functionalitatea acestuia. \l ine \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Forma reprezinta modul de existentza, organiza re, structurare, a elenetelor constructive ale unui fenomen. \line \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 Respectiv continutul normativ al dreptului reprezinta conduita prescrisa de norma juridica, drepturile si obligatiile \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 subiectelor de drept. Continutul social reprezinta vointza si interesul gen eral pe care dreptul il promoveaza. Forma \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dreptulu i reprezinta modul de exprimare a normei juridice. Forma poate fi divizata in: \ par\pard\ql \li593\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper sub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Forma Interna- exprimarea dreptu lui in ramuri si institutii juridice \par\pard\ql \li593\sb28\sl-276\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\ fs24 Forma Externa- adica haina pe care o imbraca dreptul este (LEGEA DECRET S TATUT). \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmks tart Pg3}{\bkmkend Pg3}\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427 \sb195\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 5. Tipurile de Drept. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri770\sb18\sl-260\slmult0\fi236 \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Tipul istoric de drept repre zinta delimitarea tuturor trasaturilor caracteristice sistemelor de dreptsi ast fel se \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 disting: \par\pard\ql \li593\sb7\sl-2 76\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept Antic \par\pard\ql \li593\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept Medieval \par\pard\ql \li593\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept Modern \p ar\pard\ql \li593\sb24\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper sub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept Contemporan \par\pard\ql \ li607\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li607\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\c harscalex100 Fiecare tip istoric de drept poarta amprenta exigentelor politicomo ralesi a oferit valori si solutii de convetuire \par\pard\ql \li427\ri317\sb0\sl -280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 sociala dupa o ordine de drept specif ica orcii sale. Un lucru este cert, o data cu trecerea de la o perioada la alta sau \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 fundamentat tot mai mult valorile genera l umane apogeul fiind constituit perioada de dupa cel dial doilea razboi \line \ up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 mondial cind a fost codificate majoritatea normelor si tin de drepturile si libertatea fundamentala ale omului. \par\pard\li604\sb0 \sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li604\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li604\sb0\sl-276\slmu lt0\par\pard\li604\sb265\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx5298 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA II:\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nos upersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Conceptul de Stat\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-272\slmult0 \ up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Notiunea de stat \par \pard\ql \li427\sb205\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 elementele

Statului \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 3 Functiile statului \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\ch arscalex100 4 Separatia puterilor in stat. Statul de Drept \par\pard\ql \li427\s b204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. Notiunea de stat \par\pard\ql \li607\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\chars calex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Statul reprezinta principala institutie pol itica a societatii. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri264\sb18\sl-260\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Nicolo Mekedeli\ul0\nosupersub\cf 2\f3\fs24 - statul reprezinta o necesitate exterioara fata de societatea civila manifestata ca un instrument de \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 conducere sociala . \par\pard\ql \li427\ri404\sb7\sl-276\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex1 00 Statul a aparut ca raspuns la anumite cerinte intr-un anumit moment al evolut iei sociale. Statul s-a constituit pe \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 baza unei as ociatii a indivizilor si reprezinta o institutie meita sa functioneze in cinform itate cu anumite norme in \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 virtutea une finalitati distincte, respectiv io reprezinta forma prin care grupul de indivizi se unifica supuninduse \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dreptului. In sensul larg al cuvintul ui statul e o organizare politica a societatii, a unei populatii in limitele \li ne \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 teritoriului sau istorie recunoscut de comunita tea internationala in care putera si libertatea se infrunta si coexista \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 pentru apararea valorilor umanitatii. \par\pard\ql \li487\ sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li487\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsca lex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Elementele Statului \par\pard\ql \li728\sb 4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 a)\ul 0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Element Personal (popula tia)-care reprezinta colectivitatea umana si sociala asupra careea statul isi re varsa \par\pard\qj \li908\ri731\sb181\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex1 00 autoritatea. Intre stat si indivizi este o anumita legatura juridica (Cetaten ia). Populatia se raporteaza la un \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 anumit teritori u fata de care are anumite drepturi, obligatii, dar si interese. \par\pard\ql \l i712\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\f s22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Element Material (teritoriu)- 1) spatiu te restru \par\pard\ql \li3954\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 ) spatiu aerian \par\pard\ql \li3954\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsc alex100 3) subsolul \par\pard\ql \li3954\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\ch arscalex100 4) apele teritoriale \par\pard\qj \li427\ri396\sb218\sl-260\slmult0\ fi175 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Teritoriul reprezinta portia de pamint pe ca re locuieste in mod permanent poporul sau natiunea, si asupra caruia \up0 \expnd tw-3\charscalex100 se exercita puterea de stat. \par\pard\ql \li712\sb207\sl-276 \slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupe rsub\cf2\f3\fs24 Element suveranitatea(puterea publica) \par\pard\qj \li1257\r i415\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx2696 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f6\f7\fs24\ul Suveranintatea\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - independenta unui stat in luare deciziuilor aiti de ordin intern cit si de ordin extern adica \line\ta b \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 nu este permis amestecul unui stat tert in trebu rile sale interne. \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl -240{\bkmkstart Pg4}{\bkmkend Pg4}\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-270\slmult0 \par\pa rd\ql\li427\ri606\sb206\sl-270\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Un stat nu poate fi suveran daca e dependent de alt stats i daca nu poate actiona liber in interesul general al \line \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 poporului pe care il reprezinta. Puterea de stat e suverana, unitara si exclusiva, ea emana de la popor si apartine \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex1 00 acestuia. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb206\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex 100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3. Functiile Statului \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\s l-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 a) \ul0\ nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Functia Legislativa\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 -stabil este dreptul normelor generale si obligatorii de conduita. \par\pard\ql \li787\s b4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 b) \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\u l Functia executiva\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - (guvern) care aplica in viata l egile si norme de conduita elaborate de puterea legislativa. \par\pard\ql \li787

\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 c) \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24 \ul Puterea judecatoreasca\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - judecatoria, curte de ap el, curte de justitie. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\ch arscalex100 d) \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Functia Economica\ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 - organizarea si activitatea economica. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb8\sl-2 76\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 e) \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Funct ia sociala \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - organizeaza un sistem de protectie soci ala, asigurari sociale si de sanatate. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \u p0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 f) \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Functia culturala \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - asigurarea unor conditii corespunzatorare de instr uire si de educare a cetatenilor. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pa rd\ql\li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1 \f2\fs24 4. Separatia puterilor in stat. Statul de Drept \par\pard\ql \li593\sb1 \sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Primel e 3 functii mai sus reprezinta in fapt 3 forme de manifestare a puterii publice. Fiecare din aceste puteri \par\pard\qj \li593\ri307\sb5\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-2\charscalex100 (Legislatia, Executia, Judecatoria) treb sa se exercite in dependent sa se auto limiteza in raport cu celelalte pentru \up0 \expndtw-3\char scalex100 a preveni abuzul de putere. \par\pard\ql \li593\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Separatia puterilor in stat este un lucru necesar pen tru existenta democratiei si p-u existenta unui stat de drept. \par\pard\ql \li9 23\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li923\sb268\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\ch arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nos upersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Democratia\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta putere a pe care se afla in mina poporului si poporul e condus de catre alesii sai. \pa r\pard\ql \li923\ri275\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\tx1283\tx1283\tx1283\tx1283 \up0 \expn dtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Statul de drept\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este acel stat in care puterea a fost cucerita pe cale democratica. Exista o constit utie care \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 asigura egalitate membrelor st atului si in care toti cetatenii au obligatia de a respecta legea. In statul de \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 drept sunt clar delimitate competentele autoritatilor publice astfel incit subsitutia unei autoritati publice in \line\t ab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 locul alteia sa fie expusa din punct de vedere legal si orce autoriatate publica are obligatia de a isi aduce \line\tab \up0 \e xpndtw-3\charscalex100 la indeplinire sarcinile si prerogativele care a fost inv estita. \par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb206\sl-276\slmult0\f i0\tx3656 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA III:\ta b \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Obiectivul si met oda teoriiei generale a dreptului\par\pard\ql \li427\sb186\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Notiunea de teorie general a a dreptului \par\pard\ql \li427\sb244\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale x100 2 Obiectul \par\pard\ql \li427\sb244\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsca lex100 3 Metoda cercetarii stiintifice a dreptului \par\pard\ql \li427\sb244\sl276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1.Notiunea de teorie generala a dreptului. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri227\sb8\sl-320\slmult0\fi 120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Definitia teoriii generale a dreptului reprazinta material didactica care este necesara pentru stu dierea cunostintelor \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 fundamentale ale dr precum si a tuturor celorlante materii de specialitate \par\pard\ql \li427\ri597\sb0\sl-3 20\slmult0\fi120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Dreptul reprezinta in ansambul de norme de conduit obligatorii ce incorporiaza dreptui libertati si obligatii ale \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 cetatenilor in relatii le lor reciproce, deasemen ia dr contine norme instituite si aceptate de catre stat a caror \up0 \expndtw-3 \charscalex100 respectare este obligatore. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb17\sl-276\slmul t0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Stiinta este un system de conostinte despre nat ura societate si gindire, cunostinte obtinute prin metode \par\pard\qj \li427\ri 532\sb8\sl-320\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 corespunzatoare exprimate i n concept categorii principii si notiuni. La rindul sau stiinta se clasifica in stiinte ale \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 naturii , societate, si despre gindire

. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri3137\sb0\sl-320\slmult0\fi120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex 100 Stiinta dreptilui prin continutul si specificul sau apartine categorii de st iinte sociale. \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Sistemul stiintelor sociale inbraca structura : \par\pard\qj \li787\ri928\sb180\sl-320\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw -3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Sti inte de tip nomoetic care stabilesc legile si relatiile functionale corespunzat; economia politologia \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 sociologia, demogr afia , psihologia. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb237\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\char scalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Stiinte is torice care isi propun reconstituirea si interpretarea trecutului in toata compl exitatea sa. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb244\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex 100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Stiinte ce delim itiaza lumia dominate de norme obligatii si atributii; stiintele juridice, etica ,. \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg5}{\bkmkend Pg5}\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb19 5\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Ob iectul. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri390\sb16\sl-310\slmult0\fi240 \up0 \expndtw-2\char scalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Obiectul spre deosebire de alte stiinte s ociale dreptl abordiaza fatorii obictivi care au dus la aparitia sa precum \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 si constituirea nurmelor juridice ca modele de conduit umana precum si consecintele incalcarii regulilor. \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charsca lex100 In clasificarea stiinteleor de drept distingem urmatoarele grupe. \par\pa rd\ql \li787\sb39\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f3\f4\fs22 1.\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Stiinte juridical ce descifria aspect principale ale statului si dreptulit(tgd, tgs) \par\pard\qj \li787\ri1006\sb192 \sl-340\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2.\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Stiinte juridice care cercetiaza statul di punc tual de vedere a evolitiie sale istorice(sj istorice- istoria \line\tab \up0 \ex pndtw-1\charscalex100 iniversale a statului, istoria dr rominesc, derptul privat roman), doctrinele politice si de drept. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb213\sl-276\slmul t0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3.\ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 Stiintele de ramura dreptul constitutional, civil , vamal. \par\par d\ql \li787\sb264\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f3\f4\fs22 4.\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Stiintelle auxiliare (statistica juri dical). \par\pard\ql \li787\ri851\sb8\sl-320\slmult0\fi115 \up0 \expndtw-2\chars calex100 Tgd surprinde aparitia dezvoltare si evolutia dreotului, normelor si ra porturilor juridice, sistematizarea , \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 interpretare a si aplicarea dreptului. Raspunderea juridica Tgd este o stiinta sociala deoare ce studiaza \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 fenomenile sociale astfel al\u259?turnd use celorlalte categorii ce studiaza fenomenul social: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb37\ sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\n osupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Sociologia \par\pard\ql \li787\sb44\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 Politologia, \par\pard\ql \li787\sb44\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charsca lex102 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Filosofia \pa r\pard\ql \li787\sb44\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Fstoria \par\pard\ql \li787\sb64\s l-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 e)\ul0\no supersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Economia. \par\pard\ql \li787\ri488\sb12\sl-315\slmult0\f i175 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 TGDtgd urmareste scoul de a cauta ekilibrul i ntre ceia ce este si ceia ce trebuie sa fie. TGd fiind o stiinta \up0 \expndtw-2 \charscalex100 juridical de asemenia consacra principi care care se inpun a fi r espectate de celelante stiinte juridice.Ca \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 disciplina de sinest\u259?t\u259?tor TGD sa materializat in secolul 20 avnd la b aza asa teoriticeni ca Hans Kelsen, \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 mircea D juvara.Orice cercetare stiintifica secsiaza pe normele si teoria dreptului astfe l dind un imbolt pentru \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 dezvoltare derptilui in ge neral. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb238\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \u l0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3.Metoda cercetarii stiintifice a dreptului. \par\pard \qj \li787\ri746\sb8\sl-320\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nos

upersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Orice cercetare stiintifica se acsiaza pe o anumita metodolo gie care represzinta un ansambu de procediri \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 regul i I ajutorul carora se decifreaza sensul stiintei. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri692\sb1 7\sl-300\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Studiul metodelor de crcetare a d reptului ii revine teorii generale a dreptului, astfel deintingen urmatoarele \u p0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 metode de cercetare a dr: \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri469 \sb204\sl-320\slmult0\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f 4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Metoda log ica\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - prin ea cercetarea face abstractie de ceia ce e ste neiesential si intimpaltor, in existenta \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscale x100 dreptului si caute ceia ce este esential si caracteristic dreptului. \par\p ard\qj \li1148\ri319\sb184\sl-340\slmult0\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\ f7\fs24\ul Metode istorica\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - presupune analiza diferi tor categorii de drept evolutia istorica, luind in calcul esenta, \line\tab \up 0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 firma, si functiile dreptului si statului. \par\pard\ qj \li1148\ri1178\sb160\sl-340\slmult0\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0 \nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\f s24\ul Metoda comparetiva\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - care reprezinta constat area unor elemente indentice sau divergente la 2 \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\chars calex100 fenomene. \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri976\sb160\sl-340\slmult0\tx1508 \up0 \ expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2 4 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Metoda sociologica\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2 4 - cercetarea sociologica, a aparut la inceputul secolului 2 fiind introdusa as a \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 procedura ca observatia, sondajul de o pinie, ancheta sociologica, interviul. \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri788\sb160\sl-340\s lmult0\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 e)\ul0\n osupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Metode cantitative\ul0\no supersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - ptin intermediul acestora se folosesc mijloacele tehnice (calculatorul in planul \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 evidentei legisl ative). \par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par \pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\ sb120\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4700 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf 1\f2\fs24 TEMA IV:\tab \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24 \ul P rincipiile si functiile drreptului {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft4843\shptop15794\shpright8005\shpbottom15794\shpfhdr0\s hpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz596\shplid0{\sp{\sn shapeType} {\sv 20}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn li neWidth}{\sv 7902}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g6}{\bkmkend Pg6}\par\pard\ql \li787\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li787\sb195 \sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Prin cipiile generale ale draptului, consideratii generale ale dreptului . \par\pard\ ql \li787\sb244\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 Inportanta studi erii principiilor dreptului \par\pard\ql \li787\sb224\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expnd tw-3\charscalex100 3 Functiile freptului, conceptual \par\pard\qj \li427\ri8116\ sb43\sl-520\slmult0\fi359 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 4 Analiza functiilor dre ptului \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \u8230?\u8230?\u8230?\u8230?\u8230? \par\pa rd\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ ql\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\l i427\sb138\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Rescriu \par\pard\ql \li 427\sb244\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \u8230?\u8230?\u8230?\u82 30?.. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-320\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb0\sl-320\slmul t0 \par\pard\ql\li427\ri245\sb68\sl-320\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex 100 Rolul constructiv al princiipilor dreptului, este subliniat de relatia ce se manifesta in momentul crearii dreptului, \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 si tradi tiilor. Rolul cel mai important al principiilor dreptului se manifesta in proces ul de creare a dretului, astfel cu \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 cit normele jur idice vor raspunde prin continutul si principiile sale nevoilor sociale atit din prezent cit si viitor. \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Renuntarea la principii nu

este permisa intr-un stat de drept deoarece ar fi incalcata traditia care sa ma nifestat dea \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 lungul evolutiei intregului sistem de drept. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb237\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Inportanta studierii principiilor dreptului. \par\ pard\qj \li787\ri266\sb0\sl-320\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0 \nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Importanta studierii princiipilor dreptului consta in le gatura dintre acestea si realitatile concrete din societate. \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 Pe baza acestor principia legiuitorul se orientiaza catre o anumita f orma a reglementarii juridice si judecatorul \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 care aplica dreptul pe de alta parte. \par\pard\ql \li1028\sb25\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ expndtw-3\charscalex100 Utilitatea practica a studierii principiilor dr consta i n: \par\pard\ql \li1193\sb244\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\ nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 principiile dr ajuta la c onstruirea dr si orientiaza activitatea legiuitorului. \par\pard\ql \li1193\sb44 \sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0 \nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 principiile dreptului au un rol important in administ rarea justitiei. \par\pard\ql \li1193\ri752\sb208\sl-320\slmult0\tx1553\tx1553 \ up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f 3\fs24 principiile de dr in unile cazuri tin loc de norme de reglementare atun ci cind intro cauza civila sau \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 comercial a legea tace judecatorul poate lua o decizie in conformitate cu principiile gene rale ale \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 draptului(cu spiritual legii) \ par\pard\ql \li787\sb37\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Prezentarea princiipilor dreptului: \par\pard\qj \li1562\ri458\sb8\sl-320\slmult0 \up0 \exp ndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Asigurarea bazelor legale de functionare a statu lui\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - acest principiu impune existent unei reguli de \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 aur a democratiiei (putrea trebue sa limiteze pute rea). \par\pard\ql \li1562\sb37\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\ fs24\ul Principiul legalitatii si libertatii\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - statul garantiaza juridic libertatea si egalitatea indivizilor. \par\pard\ql \li787\ri 248\sb208\sl-320\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Libertatile sunt g arantii pe care statul le recunoaste cetatenilor si care nu ar trebui sa fie pur teoretice dar si \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 practice. Libertatea si egalitat ea duc la echilibrul vietei si ofera posibilitatea oamenilor de ase manifesta in \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 plinitudinea finita a lor. \par\pard\ql \li 787\sb37\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Termenul de egalitate si t ermenul de libertate sunt interdependente. \par\pard\ql \li1562\sb44\sl-276\slmu lt0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 Principiul responsabilitatii- responsabilitatea este un fenomen so cial si reprezinta gradul de \par\pard\ql \li1562\ri268\sb8\sl-320\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 angajare a indvidului in cadreul societatii, responsabi litatea presupune faptul cs orice individ trebue \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 sesi retionalizeze comportamentul in cadrul colec tilvitatii a carei parte este. Responsabilitate este \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 strins legata de notiuneqaa de om liber deoarece omul liber isi alege in mod constient comportam entul. \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkst art Pg7}{\bkmkend Pg7}\par\pard\qj \li1562\sb0\sl-320\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li156 2\ri533\sb115\sl-320\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f 4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Principiul ekitatii si justitie - acest pr incipiu presupune ca orice persoana nu poate fi invinuita pe \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 nedrept si nu i se pot aduce invinuiri false. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri6 13\sb0\sl-320\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Justitia reprezinta sa tisfacerea drepturilor si intereselor ligitime ale tuturor, realizarea unei just itii concrete nu \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 reprezinta doar o necessita te sociala ci reprezinta o etoda de asigurare a egalitatii dintre membrii unei o cietati. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb237\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3. Functiile freptului, conceptual. \par\pard\ql \li 607\sb24\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2

4 Reprezint\u259? direc\u539?iile fundamentale ale ac\u539?iunii mecanismului ju ridic ndeplinirea c\u259?rora participle intregul \par\pard\qj \li427\ri263\sb8\s l-320\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 system al dreptului, instantele soc iale special abilitate si institutii cu compretente in domeniul realizari dreptu lui. \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Dreptul reglementiaza relatiile sociale si tr ebue sa explice de ce si pentru ce exista un act normative sau altul , care \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 este scopul interventiei sale normative. Dreptul se ma nifesta pe 2 mari directii de ac\u539?iune: \par\pard\ql \li1562\sb37\sl-276\slm ult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub \cf2\f3\fs24 Stabile\u537?te modul de desf\u259?\u537?urare a raporturilor soci ale. \par\pard\qj \li1562\ri246\sb8\sl-320\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Ii sanctioniaza pe cei care nu se supun conduitii normei juridice, de asemena dreptul mai este priv it \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 ca un instrument de solutionare a litgiilor. \p ar\pard\qj \li427\ri673\sb0\sl-320\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Dreptul se prezint\u259? ca un factor fundamental in organizarea social politica a soc ietatii, in aprarea si garantarea \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 valorilor a soci etarii.reptului conceptual. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb237\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expnd tw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 4. Analiza functiilor dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb44\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosup ersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1. Functia normativa deriva din rolul superior al dreptului di n faptul ca este destinat sa asigure subordonare \par\pard\ql \li427\ri229\sb0\s l-320\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 actiunilor individuale fata de o con duita tip. Norma reprezinta o unitate de masura iar normativitatea juridica este o \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 parte componenta a normativitatii sociale. Drep tul reglementeaza cele mai importante relatii sociale reprezentind \up0 \expndtw -3\charscalex100 un mijloc de organizare si conducere a societatii. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri223\sb27\sl-273\slmult0\fi120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 2. Functia de instutionalizare a organizarii social politice. Organizare si functionarea p uterilor publice precum si a \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 institutiilor politic e fundamentale sunt concepute intr-o maiera juridica, iar mecanismul raporturilo r juridice ce se \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 nasc este reglat prin intermediul dreptului. Pentru a afirma ca satul institutionalizeaza intregul sistem de drep t este \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 necesar de cerut parerea cetatenilor. \par\ pard\qj \li427\ri1130\sb2\sl-280\slmult0\fi120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 3. Functia de conducere a societatii conducerea societatii este un concept politic si juridic practic adus la \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 desavirshire fie de cat re un grup de persoane sau intr-un mod individual. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri639\sb6 \sl-273\slmult0\fi120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 4. Functia de aparare si de rabdare a valorilor esentiale ale societatii. Statul este obligat sa garanteze o rdinea \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 constitutionala, proprietatea, individul, s i toate celelalte valori care sunt in circuitul societatii sau comunitatii. \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Mijoloacele prin care dreptul asigura acest lucru pot fi numite mijloace specifice care sunt caracteristice numai \up0 \expndtw-3\char scalex100 fenomenului \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Statul de Drept. \par\pard\ li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb215\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx5142 \up0 \ex pndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA V:\tab \up0 \expndtw-5\ch arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Norma Juridica\par\pard\ql \li427\sb1 98\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 De finitia si caracterele normei juridice \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 Structura normei juridice \par\pard\ql \li427\sb 204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 3 Clasificare normelor juridice \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 4 Actiun ea normelor juridice in timp, spatiu, si asupra persoanelor \par\pard\ql \li427\ sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb13 2\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. De finitia si caracterele normei juridice \par\pard\ql \li427\ri243\sb181\sl-280\sl mult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Nicolae Popa\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2 4 - consideraca norma juridica reprezinta celula de bazaa dreptului si e un sis tem juridic elemeentar, \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 deasemenea autorul a

firma ca norma juridica e o regula pe care puterea de stat o instituie p-u a det ermina pe \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 membrii societatiila o conduita co respunzatoare. Conduita poate fi impusa in caz de nerespectare prin forta de \li ne \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 constringere. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\sl mult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Norma juridica se diferentiaza fata de celel alte normecare sunt circuitul social prin faptul ca: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nos upersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Au un caracter social si anume vizeaza dirijarea comport amentului uman. \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-24 0{\bkmkstart Pg8}{\bkmkend Pg8}\par\pard\qj \li787\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \par\pard\ qj\li787\ri488\sb188\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\no supersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norma juridica are un car acter general, au un grad maxim de generalitate. In acelas timp norma juridica \ line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 poate avea un grad minim de generalitate (se refera la o anumita categorie de persoane). \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276 \slmult0\tx1268 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c) \ta b \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Caracter tipic, deoa rece prescrie un anume comportament p-u subiectii de drept. Este in strinsa lega tura cu \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ca racterul general al normei astfel incit conduita tipica prescrisa de norma jurid ica stabileste in mod \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri284\sb18\sl-260\slmult0 \up0 \expnd tw-2\charscalex100 genereic drepturile si obligatiile partilor raportului juridi c. Respectiv norma juridica devine un criteriu unic \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex10 0 de apreciere a conduitei subiectelor de drept. \par\pard\ql \li787\ri453\sb204 \sl-280\slmult0\tx1148\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\ f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Caracterul impersonal al normei juridi ce, se caracterizeaza prin faptul ca norma juridica se adreseaza nu \line\tab \u p0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 numai unui subiect sau unui grup de subiecte ci tutu ror care adopta o conduita care se afla sub incideta \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\c harscalex100 normei juridice. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri233\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1 148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 e)\ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 Caracterul de continuitate, se caracterizeaza prin faptul ca nor ma juridicanu se aplica numai o data si la un \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscal ex100 anumit caz ci poate fi aplicata de mai multe ori in cazul in care apare ac eiasi situatie. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0\tx1268 \up0 \expndtw0\c harscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 f) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Caracterul obligatoriu, este o necesitate stringenta deoarece in caz contrar nu ar fi putut sa fie asigurata \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb4 \sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ordinea sociala, care defapt si di cteaza obligativitatea normei juridice. In societate toate normele sunt \par\par d\qj \li1148\ri245\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 considerate a fi obligatorii. Numai norma juridica isi poate asigura obligativitatea prin fo rta de constringere \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 a statului (atutoritatilor sta tului-instatnele judecatoresti, organe ce asigura ordinea publica, etc). \par\pa rd\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0\tx1268 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosu persub\cf3\f4\fs22 g) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\ fs24 Caracterul prescriptiv, stabileshte un anumit comportament adica impune o anumita conduita si consta \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 intr-o actiune sau o incatiune, si e indreptat intr-o anumita d irectie. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb0\sl-276\sl mult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb112\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 - No rma juridica este o regula general de conduita obligatorie si impersonala impusa de catre stat cu scopul \par\pard\ql \li427\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\ charscalex100 asigurarii ordinii sociale si a carei respectare in caz de necesit ateeste impusa de forta de constringere a statului. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl -276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Struct ura normei juridice \par\pard\ql \li607\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Majoritatea\ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 doctrinarilor analizeaza structura normei juridice in tr-o dubla ipostaza: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\ch

arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Structur a logico-juridica a normei juridice \par\pard\ql \li787\sb224\sl-276\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\ fs24 Structura tehnico-juridice \par\pard\ql \li607\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Structura logico-juridic a\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta acele elemente componente si reciproc dependente care asigura o \par\pard\qj \li427\ri246\sb18\sl-260\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-2\charscalex100 organizare logica ce asigura structura interna si prescri ptia normei in scopul intelegerii acesteia si transpunerii ei in \line \up0 \exp ndtw-3\charscalex100 viata. \par\pard\ql \li487\sb7\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 Elementele de logica ce asigura structura interna a normei juri dice sunt: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex104 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Ipoteza \par\pard\q l \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f 4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dispozitia \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-2 76\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex103 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosup ersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Sanctiunea \par\pard\ql \li427\ri405\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\fi 180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Ipoteza\ul0\nos upersub\cf2\f3\fs24 -este acea parte componenta a normei juridice care stabilest e conditiile imprejurarile, faptele, precum si \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 cat egoria de subiecte la care urmeaza sa se aplice regula de conduita (dispozitia), orcarei norme se paote stabili \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ipoteza chiar daca nu e expres formulata si anume prin raspunsul la intrebarile ,, in ce imprejura ri si cui i se va \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 aplica dispozitia normei juridic e,, \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Dupa gr adul de precizie a formularii distingem: \par\pard\qj \li787\ri536\sb165\sl-300\ slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Ipoteze determinate, care stabilesc cu precizie si aman unt conditiile si imprejurarile de aplicare a normei \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\c harscalex100 juridice. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri642\sb160\sl-300\slmult0\tx1148 \up 0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\ fs24 Ipoteze relativ determinate, atunci cind imprejurarile de aplicare a disp ozitiei nu sunt formulate in toate \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 detal iile. \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmksta rt Pg9}{\bkmkend Pg9}\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\s b195\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functie de complexitatea imprejurarilor cuprinse in niorma juridica distingem: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupe rsub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Ipoteze simple, se are in veder e o singura imprejurare care se aplica dispozitia \par\pard\qj \li787\ri682\sb20 1\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs2 2 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Ipoteze complexe, cind se prevad mai multe imp rejurari in care toate sau fiecare in parte pot conducela \line\tab \up0 \expndt w-2\charscalex100 aplicare dispozitiei. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri432\sb209\sl-270\s lmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Dispoz itia\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este acea parte a normei juridice care se refe ra la conduita ce trebuie urmata in anumite imprejurari \up0 \expndtw-2\charscal ex100 si in ea sunt stabilite drepturile si obligatiile subiectelor asupra caror face referire norma respectiva. De facto \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 dispozit ia formeaza continutul normei juridice. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb206\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Dispozitiile pot fi: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-2 76\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dispozitii onerative, care obliga la indeplinirea unei anum ite conduite. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dispozitii proh iditive, care obliga la abtinerea de a savirsi o anumita fapta. \par\pard\qj \li 787\ri572\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper sub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dispozitii permisive, care ofera subiectului de drept posibilitatea de a opta p-u conduita care doresc sa o \lin e\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 urmeze si in cazul in care nu o urmeaza se c

onstat lipsa de vointa. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri266\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Sanctiunea\ul0\nosuper sub\cf1\f2\fs24 -\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 a cea parte a normei juridice care stabileshte urmarile, consecintele nerespectarii conduitei impuse \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 de norma juridica. Aceste urmari sunt masuri care vor fi luate impotriva subiectilor de drept si care la nevoie vor fi \up0 \expndtw-3\charscal ex100 aduse la indeplinire de catre forta de constringere a statului. \par\pard\ ql \li487\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Criterii dupa scopul urmarit deosebim Sanctiuni: \par\pard\qj \li995\ri754\sb181\sl-280\slmult0\tx135 6 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf 2\f3\fs24 Sanctiuni cu caracter reparator (in cazul cind unei persoane ia fos t adus un prejudiciu, stare paote fi \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 sol utionata, raparata intr-un fel anumit) \par\pard\qj \li995\ri634\sb200\sl-280\sl mult0\tx1356 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\no supersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Sanctiuni ce urmaresc executarea pedepsei p-u fapta savir sita ( nu e permisa nici o interogare, care se \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charsca lex100 pedepseshte cu faraliberatate) \par\pard\ql \li593\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \ up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 1. In functie de continutul lor sanctiunile pot fi: \par\pard\ql \li593\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosup ersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Patrimoniale( bunuri materiale , bani, etc.) \par\pard\ql \li593\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Nepatrimonioale (care nu sunt expriomate in bani sau bunuri materiale, vizeaza doar persoana) \ par\pard\ql \li593\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2. In fun ctie de numarul lor. Sanctiunile pot fi: \par\pard\ql \li593\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\ f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Unice\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 (se p revede o singura sanctiune pentru norma incalcata) \par\pard\qj \li593\ri401\sb2 01\sl-280\slmult0\tx954 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs2 2 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Multiple\ul0\no supersub\cf2\f3\fs24 (cind instata poate alege intre mai multe tipuri de sancti uni) Ex.- Luare de mita se prevede amenda \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex10 0 pina la 3000 de unitati conventionale sau preluare libertaii pina la 5 ani. \p ar\pard\ql \li593\ri234\sb205\sl-275\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Structura tehnico-juridica\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3 \fs24 - Se refera la forma de exprimare a continutului. Norma juridica de regula nu apare \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ca un act distinct ce apare ca parte a u nui act normativ, act ce poate imbraca maii multe forme (lege, hotarire, \up0 \e xpndtw-2\charscalex100 ordonanta, regulament astat tot in functie de autoritatea care la emis). Elementul de baza al actului normativ ete \up0 \expndtw-2\charsc alex100 articolul care contine o dispozitie desinestatatoare. Structura tehnicojuridica a devenit un element necesar ce a \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 stimula t aparitia unei ramuri unei directii noi in drept, si anume \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\ f6\fs24\ul Tehnica Legislativa\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 . \par\pard\ql \li427\ sb205\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3 . Clasificare normelor juridice. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dupa criteriile ramurei de dre pt se disting: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex 100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme de drept c onstitutional \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme de drept administrativ \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme de drept penal \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme de drept civil \p ar\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupe rsub\cf3\f4\fs22 e)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme de drept comercial \par\p ard\ql \li787\sb224\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub \cf3\f4\fs22 f)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme de dreptul familiei

{\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft592\shptop8090\shpright772\shpbottom8366\shpfhdr0\shpbx page\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz288\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 180}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(180,276);(180,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft592\shptop9332\shpright772\shpbottom9608\shpfhdr0\shpbx page\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz339\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 180}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(180,276);(180,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g10}{\bkmkend Pg10}\par\pard\ql \li548\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li548\sb0 \sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li548\sb199\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscal ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dupa criteriul fortei juridice distingem: \par \pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme cuprinse in legi \par\pard\ql \li787\sb228\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4 \fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme cuprinse in ordonante \par\pard\ql \ li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\f s22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme cuprinse in hotariri \par\pard\ql \li7 87\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs2 2 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme cuprinse in ordinile ministrilor \par\pa rd\ql \li548\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li548\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expn dtw-3\charscalex100 Din conduita subiectelor distingem: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\ sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme imperative- onerative/prohibitive \par\pard\ql \l i787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\f s22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme permisive- norme de imputernicire / no rme de stimulare / norme de recomandare. \par\pard\ql \li548\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li548\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Dupa modul d e redactare normele pot fi: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw -4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Com plete- contin ipoteza, dispozitia, sanctiunea \par\pard\ql \li787\sb228\sl-276\ slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosuper sub\cf2\f3\fs24 Incomplete- care nu contin aceste 3 elemente si fac trimitere la alte norme. \par\pard\ql \li548\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li548\sb8\sl -276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Dupa gradul de generalitate distingem : \par\pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosu persub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme generale- care cuprind o sfera mai larga \par\pard\ql \li787\sb228\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\chars calex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme speci ale- care vizeaza un anumit spectru de relatii. \par\pard\ql \li548\sb264\sl-276 \slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Dupa gradul de intensitate distingem: \pa r\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme principii- care de obicei au un caracter general se contin in constitutii, declaratii, etc. \par\pard\ql \li 787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs 22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norme mijloace- care sunt acele norme ce asig

ura functionarea normelor principii. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb224\sl-276\slmult0 \u p0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 4. Actiunea normelor jur idice in timp, spatiu si asupra persoanelor. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri325\sb0\sl-28 0\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Normel e juridice actioneaza in timp, spatiu, si asupra persoanelor asta semnifica ca n orma juridica este adoptata \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 pe o anumita perioada de timp (Legea noua se inlocuieshte cu legea veche), in spatiu (in limitele hota rului unui \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 stat) si asupra personelorcare formeaza comunitatea statului respectiv. \par\pard\ql \li596\sb0\sl-257\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 Actiunea normei juridice in ti mp\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 treb sa fie analizata sub 3 aspecte> \par\pard\ql \li712\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\ fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Momentul intr arii in vigoare a normei juridice \par\pard\ql \li712\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Perioada in care norma se afla in vigoare \par\ pard\ql \li712\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Iesire a normei din vigoare \par\pard\qj \li995\ri517\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\tx1356 \up0 \e xpndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Procesul de intrare in vigoare a normei juridice reprezinta necesitatea aduc erii la cunostinta membrior \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 comunitatii despre existenta sa. Legea intra in vigoare dupa introducerea in monitorul ofici al. \par\pard\qj \li995\ri565\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\tx1356 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscal ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Perioada in c are norma juridica se afla in vigoare poate varia de la o perioada scurta de tim p pina la o \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 periada nedeterminata. \par\ pard\ql \li995\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf3\f4\fs22 e)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Iesirea din vigoare se poate realiz a prin: \par\pard\ql \li954\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Ajungerea la termen \pa r\pard\qj \li954\ri981\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\tx1314 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Abrogarea legii (inlo cuire legii vechi cu una noua). Abrogarea poate fi expresasi tacita. Abrogarea \ line\tab \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 expresa la rindul sau se imparte in: \par \pard\li1114\sb36\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\n osupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f 3\fs24 Directa - atunci cind in actul nou este indicat ca actul vechi se abroga\ par\pard\li1114\sb7\sl-276\slmult0\fi165\tx1846 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \u l0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 Indirecta - atunci cind in textul actului nou este prevazut ca se toa te prevederele care ii contravin\par\pard\ql \li1846\sb1\sl-238\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 sunt nule. \par\pard\qj \li954\ri274\sb8\sl-280\slmult0\tx 1314 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub \cf2\f3\fs24 Caderea in desuitudine (prevederile legii nu mai pot fi aplicate deoarece nu mai exista asa tip de raporturi \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex 100 juridice). \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Desuitudinea se auto disfiinteaza. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri898\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\fi168 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex10 0 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Abrogarea tacita este in situatia in care noul act normativ nu anuleaza expres pe cel vechi dar se abate prin \up0 \expndtw-3\char scalex100 prevederile sale de la reglementarile cuprinse in actul vechi. \par\pa rd\ql \li596\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf 1\f2\fs24 Aplicare normelor juridice in spatiu si asupra persoanelor\ul0\nosuper sub\cf2\f3\fs24 - actiunea normei juridice in spatiu si asupra \par\pard\qj \li4 27\ri401\sb18\sl-260\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 persoanelor sunt stri ns legate intre ele deoarece norma juridica se aplica pe teritoriul unui stat ad resinduse tuturor \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 persoanelor aflate in limi tele acestui teritoriu. In cazul statului unitar exista un singur rind de organe supreme ale \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\ bkmkstart Pg11}{\bkmkend Pg11}\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-270\slmult0 \par\pard\q

l\li427\ri617\sb206\sl-270\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub \cf2\f3\fs24 puterii de statsi ale administratiei de stat, iar in cazul statelor structurii federala actele normative emise de catre \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex1 00 organele federale se aplica pe intreg teritoriu statului, pe cind actele norm ative emise de catre subiectele \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 federatieiau doar un circuit intern (doar pe teritoriul lor). \par\pard\ql \li427\ri230\sb2\ sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Din punt de vedere a dreptulu i international actiunea normei juridice in spatiu si asupra persoanelor, ridica mai \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 multe probleme, astfel la locul savirsi rii infractiunii calitate persoanei (strain, apatrit, sau reprezentatnt diplomat ic) \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ridica probleme in legatura cu stabilire a normei juridice care se aplica, legea noastra (legea RM) sau legea straina. \l ine \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Cetatenii straini aflati pe teritoriul Republi cii Moldova beneficiaza de un regim juridic diferit in raport cu cetatenii. \par \pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-255\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub \cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Regi mul national\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 in care strainii se bucura de acelias d repturi cu exceptia drepturilor politice \par\pard\qj \li787\ri1797\sb25\sl-280\ slmult0\tx1138 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Regimul special\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 potrivit caruia drepturile strainilor sunt stipulate in acor duri internationale. \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 In cazul diplomatil or sunt 2 conventii de baza care le reglementeaza statutul: \par\pard\qj \li1421 \ri3765\sb0\sl-300\slmult0\tx1704 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf3\f4\fs22 a) \tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Co nventia de la Viena cu privire la relatiile diplomatice din 1961 \line \up0 \exp ndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b) \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex10 0 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Conventia de la Viena cu privire la relatiile cons ulare din 1963 \par\pard\qj \li787\ri304\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw -3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Regimul clauzei natiunii celei mai favorizate\ul0\no supersub\cf2\f3\fs24 . Potrivit acestei clauze statul de resedinta acorda strain ilor un \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 tratament la fel de avantajos ca si cel recunoscut cetatenilor unui stat tert considerat ca favorizat. \par\pard \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb245\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4418 \up0 \e xpndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA VI:\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\ charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Interpretare normei juridice\par\pa rd\ql \li427\sb188\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 1 Notiunea si necesitatea interpretarii normei juridice \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 Formele interpretar ii \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 3 Meto dele interpretarii \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\char scalex100 4 Rezultatele interpretarii \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \ up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. Notiunea si necesita tea interpretarii normei juridice \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Interpretarea normei juridice reprezinta un moment din procesul aplicarii dreptului si poate fi definita ca o \par\pard\qj \li427\ri459\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 oper atiune logico-rationala care se desfashoara dupa anumite metode si are drept sco p lamurirea sensului normei \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 juridice in vederea ap licarii ei in fiecare caz concret. \par\pard\ql \li596\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Aplicare dreptului e o activitate complexa care solici ta interpretare normelor juridice din mai multe considerente: \par\pard\ql \li78 7\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Norma juridica are un caracter general imperson al, ea neputind fi in stare sa acopere toate situatiile \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb4 \sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 concrete ce apar in viata unei com unitati si pentru aplicare acesteia este nevoie ca ea sa fie interpretata. \par\ pard\qj \li787\ri874\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Pentru a fi inteleasa

si aplicata corect o norma juridica trebuie comparata si studiata impreuna cu a lte \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 norme ce se contin in acel act norma tiv sau in alte acte normative. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In unele cazuri trebuie de atras atentia la redactare tehnica a normei. \par\ pard\qj \li787\ri296\sb185\sl-300\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In actele normative s e contin cuvinte a carui sens este greu de interpretat de aceea in unele cazuri e necesar \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 un comentariu al actului norma tiv juridic. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb180\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex 100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Formele Interpretarii \par\pard\ql \li607\sb2 04\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In f unctii de subiectele care interpreteaza norma juridica in teoria dreptului se fa ce distinctie intre forma: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndt w-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \u l0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpretare Oficiala\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 , este efectuata de catre organele de stat care au competente in procesul elaborar ii \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri363\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 n ormelor si inprocesul aplicarii lor (Presedintele RM, Parlamentul RM, Guvernul, Organele administratiei \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 publice locale,etc) \par\p ard\ql \li1148\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Interpretare O ficiala poate fi: \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\char scalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Generala, denumita si legala (provine de la un organ de stat si se numeshte \ul0\nosupersu b\cf1\f2\fs24 Interpretare Autentica) \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri1116\sb221\sl-280\s lmult0\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\n osupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Cauzala, denumita si \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 Juridic ara\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 care e realizata de organele de aplicare a drept ului (Instantele \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 judecatoreshti, judecat oriile, curtile de apel, etc) {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft1701\shptop3494\shpright7934\shpbottom3770\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz168\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 6233}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(6233,276);(6233,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft1701\shptop3778\shpright7722\shpbottom4054\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz187\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 6021}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(6021,276);(6021,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g12}{\bkmkend Pg12}\par\pard\qj \li787\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li787\ri2 52\sb188\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3 \f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpre tare Neoficiala\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 , are un caracter facultativ si se ef ectuiaza in afara procesului de emitere si aplicare a \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\ charscalex100 dreptului. Interpretare Neoficiala cunoaste mai multe modalitati:

\par\pard\ql \li1148\sb204\sl-276\slmult0\tx1627 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub \cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpretare doctrinara\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 care e efect uata de catre oamenii de stiinta si se contine in monografii, studii, \par\pard\ qj \li1508\ri466\sb9\sl-270\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 tratate cursur i universitare, note de curs, etc. Acest gen de interpretare nu are un caracter obligatoriu \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 insa exercita o influienta importanta asupra dezvoltarii fenomenului juridic p-u ca ajuta la intelegerea \up0 \expndtw -3\charscalex100 continutului normelor juridice. \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb206\sl-2 76\slmult0\tx1627 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2) \ tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpretare Of icioasa-\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 ea rezulta din opiniile si expunerile unor conducatori ai organelor de autoritate \par\pard\ql \li1508\ri364\sb1\sl-280\slm ult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 publica sau altor persoane oficiale cu ocazia prezentarii sau dezbaterilor proiectelor de acte normative, \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 deasemenea aceasta modalitate de interpretare neoficiala, poate rezul ta si din opiniile, unor jurishti \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 (procurori, avoc ati) cu privire la problemele de drept ivite in procesele la care participa. \pa r\pard\ql \li1148\ri369\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1508\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw-1\chars calex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupe rsub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpretare comuna a dreptului-\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 e realizata de cetateni, MAS MEDIA, si corespunde nivelului culturii \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 si pregatirii juridice, constind in opinii despre drept, despre aplicarea si perfectionarea sa, in sa de iure \line\tab \up0 \expn dtw-3\charscalex100 si de facto. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\par d\ql\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb112\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expn dtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3. Metodele interpretarii normel or juridice. \par\pard\ql \li603\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex10 0 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Teoria juridica admite existenta urmatoarelor meto de si de interpretare a normelor juridice: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult 0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpretare gramaticala \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - consta in analiza textului normelor juridice din p unct de vedere morfologic si \par\pard\ql \li1148\ri524\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 sintactic. Interpretul va stabili sensul cuvintelor, mo dalitatea de folosire a acestora in text, locul si sensul \up0 \expndtw-2\charsc alex100 conjunctiilor deoarece folosirea in text a conjunctiilor ,, sau/si,, poa te duce la interpretare diferita a \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 sensului normei juridice (intelesuri diferite). \par\pard\li787\sb24\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\ tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\tab \up0 \ex pndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpretare sistematica\ul 0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - lamureste sensul unei norme juridice prin contrapunea rea ei cu alte norme juridice\par\pard\li787\sb1\sl-259\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expn dtw-2\charscalex100 dat fiind faptul ca orce norma se complercteaz printr-o alta norma ceea ce si formeaza intregul sistem de\par\pard\li787\sb2\sl-276\slmult0\ fi360 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 drept.\par\pard\li787\sb21\sl-276\slmult0\fi 0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\tab \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpretare istorica\ul0 \nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - presupune analiza imprejurarilor istorice in care norm a respectiva a fost aprobata,\par\pard\li787\sb1\sl-261\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expn dtw-2\charscalex100 deasemenea metoda interpretarii istorice are in vedere si ex aminarea conditiilor, sociala economice in care\par\pard\li787\sb3\sl-276\slmult 0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 se aplica legea.\par\pard\li787\sb20\sl-27 6\slmult0\fi0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d )\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Interpretare logica\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - presupune o analiza rationala a textului nor mei cu ajutorul metodelor \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Logicii Formale.\par\pa rd\li787\sb1\sl-259\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 Ca metode a Logicii Formale pot fi:\par\pard\li787\sb2\sl-276\slmult 0\fi765 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1.\ul0\nosuper

sub\cf2\f3\fs24 Argumentul Ad- Absurdum ceea ce presupune stabilirea adevarulu i, tezei sau opiniei care\par\pard\li787\sb9\sl-276\slmult0\fi1125 \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 trebuieste demonstrata prin stabilirea infirmitatii tezei care o contrazice.\par\pard\li787\sb200\sl-276\slmult0\fi765\tx3130\tx4758 \up0 \expn dtw0\charscalex102 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2.\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 A rgumentul\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Per-A-Contrario\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\ charscalex100 se intemeiaza pe legea tertului exclus. In cazul in care notiunile se\par\pard\li787\sb6\sl-276\slmult0\fi1125 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 neaga una pe alta inseamna ca doar o singura notiune e adevarata.\par\pard\li787\sb19 9\sl-276\slmult0\fi765\tx3116\tx5176 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf3\f4\fs22 3.\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Argumentul\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 A-Fortione-Rationae\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 care stabileste sau demonstreaza ca ratiunea aplicarii unei norme\par\pard\li787\sb9\sl-276\slm ult0\fi1125 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 este mai putermnica decit ratiunea apl icarii sale intr-o alta ipostaza decit textul legii.\par\pard\ql \li787\sb194\sl -276\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 e) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Analogia\ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta acea metoda care permite organelor de aplica re sa rezolve o situatie ivita potrivit \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri305\sb1\sl-280\sl mult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 actelor normative in vigoare care reglemente aza situatii asemanatoare cu cea dedusa solutionarii. Anologia \up0 \expndtw-3\c harscalex100 dreptului cunoste 2 forme: \par\pard\qj \li1508\ri409\sb200\sl-280\ slmult0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1.\ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Analogia legii- care consta in aplicare unui raport soc ial nereglementat al unei norme juridice care \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscal ex100 reglementeaza un raport analog. \par\pard\qj \li1508\ri411\sb200\sl-280\sl mult0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2.\ul0\no supersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Analogia dreptului- consta in rezolvarea unei cauze pe ba za principiilor generale ale sistemului de \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex1 00 drept respectiv. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 4. Rezultatele interpretarii. \par\pard\q l \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3 \fs24 Din perspectiva rezultatelor interpretarii normelor juridice interpretare poate fi: \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri382\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw-1\c harscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\no supersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Literara\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este acea interpre tare atunci cind organul de aplicare constata ca continutul sau textul normei \l ine\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 juridice pe deplin coincide cu continutul raporturilor sociale pe care le reglementeaza. {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft3068\shptop9504\shpright4548\shpbottom9780\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz536\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1480}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1480,276);(1480,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft3128\shptop10264\shpright4696\shpbottom10540\shpfhdr0\s hpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz579\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1568}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1568,276);(1568,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535}

}{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft3113\shptop11022\shpright5114\shpbottom11298\shpfhdr0\s hpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz622\shplid2 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 2001}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(2001,276);(2001,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g13}{\bkmkend Pg13}\par\pard\ql \li1148\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li1148\s b195\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b) \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Extensiva\ul0\nosup ersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - stabileste ca norma juridica urmeaza sa fie aplicata in mod extenziv intrucit vointa \par\pard\qj \li1508\ri586\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \exp ndtw-2\charscalex100 legiuitorului are un caracter mai cuprinzator in raport cu acela, care rezulta din modul de redactare a \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 norme i juridice. \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri900\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw -1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Restrictiva\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - care presup une ca spfera de aplicare a normei juridice este prea restrinsa in raport cu \li ne\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 formularea textului, formulare dovedinduse a fi prea larga. \par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\sl mult0\par\pard\li427\sb126\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx5349 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex1 00 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA VII:\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 Izvoa rele Dreptului\par\pard\ql \li427\sb190\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Notiunea de izvor de drept. \par\pard\ql \li4 27\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 Obiceiul juridic ca izvo r de drept. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex1 00 3 Precedentul judiciar si practica judiciara. Practica judiciara ca izvoare d e drept. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 4 Actul normativ. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\chars calex100 5 Contractul normativ. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-3\charscalex100 6 Doctrina. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1.Notiunea de izvor de dre pt. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri396\sb7\sl-273\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Sunt elemete definitorii a oricarui sistem de d rept respectiv norma juridica nu poate deveni obligatorie daca nu \line \up0 \ex pndtw-2\charscalex100 imbraca o anumita forma de exprimare. In sens strict jurid ic, izvorul de drept este acea forma de exprimare a \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charsc alex100 dreptului care intr-un final imbraca forma unui act normativ sau a unei reguli de conduita. Izvoarele dreptului \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dife ra de la un sistem de drept la altulinsa majoritatea sistemelor juridice de drep t recunosc o pluritate de izvoare. \par\pard\ql \li854\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\p ard\ql\li854\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li854\sb133\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dupa continut si forma: \par\pard\qj \li1280\ri538\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a) \tab \up0 \expndtw2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Izvoarele materiale a dreptului\u l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - desemneaza factorii de configurare a dreptului, acel ansamblu de \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 relatii si realitati sociale care inf luienteaza vointa social generala exprimata prin norme. \par\pard\li995\sb228\sl -276\slmult0\fi284\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\f s22 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Izvoarel e in sens formal\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta mijloace de exterioriza

re a normelor juridice (forma pe care o\par\pard\li995\sb1\sl-260\slmult0\fi284 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 inbraca dreptul in ansamblul normelor sale.\par\pa rd\li995\sb24\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosup ersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 Dupa caracterul sursei normative distingem:\par\pard\ql \li787\sb180\sl-276\s lmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupers ub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Izvoare directe\ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 - (actele normative). \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2 4 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Izvoare indirecte\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 -(obiceiul si regulile de convetuire sociala). \par\pard\li995\sb235\sl-276\slmu lt0\fi0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functie de modalita tea aducerii la cunostinta distingem:\par\pard\ql \li954\sb173\sl-276\slmult0 \u p0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\ fs24 Izvoare scrise. \par\pard\ql \li954\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\c harscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Izvoare nescrise. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb224\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex10 0 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2.Obiceiul juridic ca izvor de drept.(Cutuma) \par \pard\ql \li427\ri278\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Obiceliu reprezinta cel mai vechi izvor de drept si e d efinit ca o regula de conduita nescrisa care s-a format prin \line \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 repetare unei practici in decursul timpului ulterior fiind recu noscuta si acceptata cu rang de lege in cadrul \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex1 00 comunitatii. Obiceiul reprezinta de fapt expreienta de viata a unei comunitat i aparind sub forma diferitelor traditii \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 si practici care au reprezentat principala modalitate de ordonare a relatiilor soci ale in concordanta cu interesele \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 comunitatii respective. Potrivit teoriei romane trebuie indeplinite 2 conditii obligatorii pentru ca obiceiul sa devina \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 lege: \par\pard \ql \li787\sb1\sl-261\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\ f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul O conditi e obiectiva\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 (materiala)- care consta in existenta un ei reguli vechi si incontestabile. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri672\sb0\sl-300\slmult0\ tx1138 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupers ub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul O conditie subiectiva\ul0\nosupe rsub\cf2\f3\fs24 (psihologica)- conform carea acest obicei trebuie sa fie sanct ionat juridic de catre \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 comunitate. \par\ pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg14}{\b kmkend Pg14}\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb0\sl-276 \slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb199\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3.Precedentul judiciar si practica judiciara. Practic a judiciara ca izvoare de drept. \par\pard\ql \li593\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Precedentul judiciar\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta o solutie (hotarire) pronuntat de o instanta intr-o speta similara anterioara. \par\pard\ql \li593\sb28\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex1 00 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\c f6\f7\fs24\ul Practica judiciara\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este formata din t otalitatea hotaririlor judecatoresti pronuntate de catre instante. \par\pard\qj \li593\ri545\sb218\sl-260\slmult0\fi120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Rolul juri sprudentei a fost diferit in evolutia dreptului si unele sisteme contemporane de drept ca de exemplu \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 acel romanesc nu acorda juris prudentei calitate de izvor de drept. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb207\sl-276\slmult0 \ up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 4.Actul normativ. \par\ pard\ql \li596\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 Actul normativ este izvorul de drept creat de organele puterii publi ce investite cu competenta normativa. Actul \par\pard\ql \li427\ri224\sb9\sl-270 \slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 normativ ete intilnit sub diverse denumir i in functie de faptul care este organul emitent. In cadrul actelor normative \u

p0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 locul premordial il ocupa legea. Celelalte acte norm ative (hotaririle guvernului) ordonantele decretele, ordine ale \up0 \expndtw-2\ charscalex100 ministrilor) avind o pozitie subordonata fata de lege fiid elabora te in vederea executarii legilor. \par\pard\ql \li954\sb6\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Legea: \par\pard\ql \li105 8\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a )\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 in sens larg desemneaza dreptul scris adic totali tatea actelor normative. \par\pard\ql \li1058\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1 \charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 in se ns restrins legea e acel act normativ care reglementeaza cele mai importante rel atii sociale si \par\pard\qj \li1418\ri661\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\ch arscalex100 dispune forta juridica superioare celorlalte acte normative fiind ad optat de puterea legislativa dupa o \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 procedura rigu ros reglementata. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsca lex100 Principalele trasaturi ale legii sunt urmatoarele: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb 204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Numai puterea legislativa e competenta sa adopte le gi. \par\pard\ql \li787\ri563\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1 \charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legea are o putere superiaora deoarece este adoptata de catre parlament si parlamentu l la rindul sau este \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 organul reprezentat iv al poporului, el apara interesele si vointa poporului fiind exponent al puter ii \line \tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 suverane. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri371\ sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4 \fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legea are in totdeauna un caracter normati v. Normativitatea ei rezida in puterea obligatorii si in caracterul \line\tab \u p0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ei general. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri363\sb200\sl-280\s lmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\n osupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legea se distinge de celelalte acte normative anume prin faptul ea implica un proces specific de elaborare. \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\ch arscalex100 Respectare acestui proces este obligatorie pentru validarea ei: \par \pard\ql \li1148\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupers ub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Initiativa legislativa \par\pard \ql \li1148\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dezbaterea proiectului de legi \par\p ard\ql \li1148\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Votare proiectului de lege \par\pa rd\ql \li1148\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf3\f4\fs22 4)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Promulgarea legii \par\pard\ql \li11 48\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 5)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Publicarea legii \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-2 76\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Sunt mai multe criterii de clasificare a legilor: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functie de autori atea lor juridica distingem: \par\pard\ql \li1138\ri252\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1 562\tx1562\tx1562\tx1562\tx1562 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf 3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Legi c onstitutionale\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - stabilesc principiile fundamentale p entru viata sociala si de stat, organizarea si \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charsca lex100 functionarea ordinii intr-un stat. Legile constitutionale se contin in co nstitutie, constitutia reprezentint \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 lege a fundamentala a statului. Este constituita din norme juridice investite cu fort a juridica suprema \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 care reglementeaza ac ele relatii sociale fundamentale care sunt esentiale p-u instaurarea, mentinerea , si \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 exercitare puterii. Legile de reviz uire a constitutiei sunt elaborate si adoptate in baza unei proceduri \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 stipulate in constitutie. \par\pard\qj \li1138\ri4 84\sb164\sl-300\slmult0\tx1562 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3 \f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Legile organice\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reglementeaza cele mai importante domenii

a vietii sociale si de stat avind o pozitie \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex 100 distincta fata de ierarhia legislativa. \par\pard\qj \li1138\ri685\sb160\sl300\slmult0\tx1562 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Legile ordinare\ul0 \nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reglementeaza celelalte domenii care la care nu se ref era Legile Constitutionale si \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 Legile Org anice si este necesara doar votul majoritatii relative a diputatilor prezenti. \ par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg15 }{\bkmkend Pg15}\par\pard\ql \li787\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li787\sb195\ sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functie de domeniul reglementearii juridice distinge m: \par\pard\li1125\sb232\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1562 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex10 0 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupers ub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legi cu caracter civil\par\pard\li1125\sb206\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\t x1562 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\tab \up0 \exp ndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legi cu caracter penal\par\pard \li1125\sb208\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1562 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosup ersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 Legi cu caracter financiar\par\pard\li1125\sb206\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1562 \u p0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 4)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\c harscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Leci cu caracter comercial\par\pard\ql \li787\sb188\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\ fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functie de continulul lor: \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f 4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legi materiale care reglementeaza condui ta adic drepturile si libertatile, obligatiile subiectului de drept \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri866\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1508 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\no supersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legile procesuale care reg lementeaza modalitati de desfasurare, forma in care trebuie sa aiba loc \line\ta b \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 sanctionarea celor care nu au tinut cont de prev ederile legilor materiale. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndt w-3\charscalex100 Se mai face distinctie intre: \par\pard\ql \li1138\sb4\sl-276\ slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosuper sub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legile generale (care tin de dreptul comun) \par\pard\ql \li1 138\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs 22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legi speciale (care vizeaza un anumit domeni u: penal, civitl, etc.) \par\pard\ql \li1138\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Leg i exceptionale (care au loc in cazul situatiillor exceptionale) \par\pard\ql \li 427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs 24\ul Actele normative ale organelor de stat subordonate legii \par\pard\ql \li4 27\ri415\sb9\sl-270\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 Parlamentul prin legile pe care le adopta nu poate reglementa multit udinea de situatii care apar in viata de zi cu \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 zi a societatii, astfel ca e necesar o interventie normativa si din parte altor org ane de stat. Actele normative \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 subordonate le gii au forme diferite in sistemele de drept al fiecarui satat. \par\pard\qj \li7 87\ri809\sb202\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupers ub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul De cretele\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - sunt actele individuale a sefului statului (declararea mobilizarii, declararea starii de razboi, \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\ charscalex100 instituirea in situatii exceptionale, etc.) \par\pard\ql \li787\sb 204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Hotaririle cu caract er normativ ale guvernului\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 -prevad de masuri in aplic area legilor in domenii diferite. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri494\sb201\sl-280\slmult0 \tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosuper sub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Ordonantele guvernului\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta acte de delegare legislativa (guvernul poate imp uternici unele organe \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 ale statului sa in

terprinda anumite actiuni in anumite sfere, in special in sfera economica si soc iala) \par\pard\qj \li787\ri739\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\char scalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 4)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosup ersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Actele si instructiunile ministrilor\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\ fs24 - masura in care acestea sunt adoptate in conformitate cu prevederile \line \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 legii. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmul t0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 5)\ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 Dispozitiile primarului, Hotaririle consiliului municipal, Hotariri le consiliilor raionale, etc. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \exp ndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 5. Contractul normativ. \par\pa rd\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf 2\f3\fs24 Potrivit difinitiei unanim recunoscute contractul reprezinta un acord intre 2 sau mai multe persoane spre a \par\pard\ql \li427\ri588\sb5\sl-275\slmul t0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 constitui sau a stinge un raport juridic aparu t intre ele. Ca izvor de drept contractul poate fi intilnit in special in \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 domeniul international public un de imbraca forma unui t ratat conventie, acord, pact, etc. Reprezentind astfel \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 vointa statelor in ceea ce priveste conlucrarea intr-un anumit domeniu ( do meniu economic, social, cultural si \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 domeniul prote ctiei drepturilor si libertatilor fundamentale ale omului). In dreptul constitut ional contractul \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 normativ reprezinta un izvor de d rept in materia organizarii si functionarii structurilor federale. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb205\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2 \fs24 6. Doctrina. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri619\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expn dtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Doctrina cuprinde analizele, int erpretarile, opiniile pe care oamenii de specialitate sau specialistii in domeni u \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 redau fenomenul juridic si doctrina reprezinta p rin sine de fapt stiinta dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb1\sl-255\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Doctrina are un rol teoretico-explicativ, interpretaril e stiintifice venind atit in ajutorul legiuitorului cit si in \par\pard\ql \li42 7\ri558\sb5\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ajutorul magistratului. Ca izvor de drept Doctrina a avut un rol deosebit in evul mediu si in antichita te. In epoca \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 moderna doctrina sia pierdut din actu alitatea sa deoarece majoritatea explicatiilor sunt eliucidate cu ajutorul \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 actelor normative in vigoare. \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24 \paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg16}{\bkmkend Pg16}\par\par d\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb199\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4480 \up0 \ expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA VIII:\tab \up0 \expndtw -4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Tehnica elaborarii actelor norma tive\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Notiunea de tehnica juridica \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\ sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 Notiunea de tehnica legislativa \ par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 3 Cerintel e legiferarii \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 4 Partile constitutive si elementele de structura interna ale actelor norma tive. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 5 S istematizare actelor normative. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. Notiunea de tehnica juridi ca. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri281\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Elaborarea actelor juridice normative implica o activitate complexa ce se realizeaza dupa o anumita procedura si \up0 \expndtw2\charscalex100 cu respectare anumitor cerinte. Finalitatea acestei activitati o constituie insasi actul juridic normativ. Elaborare \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex1 00 normelor juridice reprezinta o consecinta a activitatii normative a statului. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri338\sb0\sl-270\slmult0\fi175 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex10 0 Tehnica juridica este o constructie artificiala si reprezinta o opera de actiu ne si tehnica juridica se caracterizeaza \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 prin folo sirea anumitor mijloace, procedee, metode, reguli, folosite de catre organle de stat cu competenta \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 normativa in elaborarea, sistematizarea, si aplicarea actelor normative. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb196\sl-276

\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2.Notiunea de tehnica legislativa. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri445\sb4\sl-276\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \e xpndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Este o parte componenta a teh nicii juridice fiind alcatuita dintr-un complex de metode si procedee menite sa \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 asigure o forma corespunzatoare continutului regle mentarilor juridice. Tehnica legislativa se refera la modul \up0 \expndtw-2\char scalex100 concret de elaborare de catre legiuitor a actelor normative. Autorul r oman Mircea Djuvara considera ca tehnica \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 legislati va este o operatie prin care o regula care este conceputa la un moment dat fata de o situatie data devine o \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 regula pozitiva deoare ce denota vointa unui anumit grup de persoane intr-o situatie care implica folos irea unor \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 norme de drept. In acceptiunea aceluiasi autor legiferarea cunoaste 2 momente esentiale: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\ slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosuper sub\cf2\f3\fs24 Constatare existentei situatiilor care necesita o reglementare noramtiva \par\pard\qj \li787\ri629\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1 \charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Confi gurarea idealului juridic ce urmeaza sa fie aplicat acestor situatii in functie de constiinta juridica a \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 societatii. \pa r\pard\qj \li787\ri248\sb209\sl-270\slmult0\fi168 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Alt autor roman Nicolae Titulescu considera ca procedeele pe care le foloseste t ehnica legislativa incearca sa \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 cuprinda real itatile vietii sociale in costructii si principii susceptivele sa imbratiseze si situatiile si nevoile noi a \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 societatii. \pa r\pard\ql \li427\sb206\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper sub\cf1\f2\fs24 3.Cerintele legiferarii. (Principiile legiferarii) \par\pard\ql \li833\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\f s22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Principiul fundamentarii stinintifice a acti vitatii de elaborare a normelor juridice \par\pard\ql \li1193\sb204\sl-276\slmul t0\tx1553 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Legiferarea\ul0\nosupersu b\cf2\f3\fs24 presupune previziune si raspundere si o insuficienta cunoastere a faptului ce trebuie \par\pard\qj \li1553\ri439\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 transpusa in drept poate duce la solutionarea nefondata a unor situatii juridice si paote duce in acelasi \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 timp la reactii de respingere sau de revolta impotriva dreptului. \par\pard\qj \li427\r i286\sb217\sl-260\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Fundamentare stiintifica a unui proiect legislativ trebuie sa cuprinda descrierea situatiilor defapt, ce urmeaza sa fie \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 transformate in situatii de drept si determinare defectelor posibile si oportunitatea sa. \par\pard\ql \li833\ri36 0\sb4\sl-280\slmult0\tx1193\tx1193 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub \cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Principiul asigurarii unui raport i ntre dinamica si statica a dreptului. Este recunoscut unanim principiu ca \line\ tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 poporul incepe sa dispretuiasca acele legi car e se schimba in fiecare zi. Astfel ca sistemul de drept trebuie \line\tab \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 sa realizeze un echilibru intre dinamica tendintele de c onservare si cele de schimbare a dreptului. \par\pard\qj \li833\ri636\sb200\sl-2 80\slmult0\tx1193 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\u l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Principiul corelarii sistemelor, actelor normative. Acest principiu cere ca fiecare nou act normativ sa se \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1 \charscalex100 integreze in cadrul celor deja existente in ramura de drept si in ansamblul sistemului de drept. \par\pard\ql \li1373\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ expndtw-3\charscalex100 Unitatea actelor normative trebuie inteleasa: \par\pard\ qj \li1193\ri501\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1553 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\ nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs 24\ul Pe linie orizontala\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - atunci cin dla elaborarea actului normativ se tine cont de celelalte acte normative \line\tab \up0 \expnd tw-2\charscalex100 existente care au aceiasi forta juridica. \par\pard\qj \li119 3\ri482\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1553 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Pe

linie verticala\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - atunci cind dispozitiile noului act normativ sa se reflecte cu precizie in toate actele \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\c harscalex100 nromative subordonate lui. \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\pa perh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg17}{\bkmkend Pg17}\par\pard\ql \li833\sb0 \sl-280\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li833\ri213\sb188\sl-280\slmult0\tx1193\tx1193 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f s24 Principiul acesibilitatii si economiei mijloacelor in elaborarea actelor n ormative. Acest principiu presupune \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 ca t extul actelor normative terbuie sa fie pe intelesul tuturor. (... -legiuitorul t rebuie sa gindeasca ca un \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 filosof, dar s a se exprime ca un taran). \par\pard\ql \li1373\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expnd tw-2\charscalex100 Legiuitorul e obligat sa foloseasca un limbaj clar pentru a e vita confuziile, contraversiile, reactiile \par\pard\qj \li1193\ri439\sb0\sl-280 \slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 sociale negative si nu in ultimul rid ten dinta de a nu respecta legea. Respectare principiului accesibilitatii \up0 \expn dtw-2\charscalex100 si economiei de mijloace in elaborare normativelor este cond itionata de: \par\pard\ql \li1193\sb185\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Alegerea formei exterioare a reglementarii. \par\pard\ql \li1193\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \exp ndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Alegerea modalitatii reglementarii juridice \par\pard\ql \li1193\sb204\sl-276\s lmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosupers ub\cf2\f3\fs24 Alegerea procedeelor de conceptualizare si a limbajului normei (stitul si limbajul juridic). \par\pard\qj \li427\ri466\sb201\sl-280\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Economia in mijloace presupune evitare repetitiilor, evitarea contradictiilor. In doctrina sunt mai multe procedee \up0 \expndtw-3\ch arscalex100 de tehnica legislativa si anume: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\sl mult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersu b\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Definitia\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f s24 - este necesara intr-un text normativ p-u a impune un sens unor termeni. \pa r\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper sub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul T rimiterea\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - potrivit acestei tehnici dupa ce termenul a fost folosit prima data, e suficient sa se faca in \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri498 \sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 articolele urmatoare o simpla referire la textul in care a fost folosit initial. Trimiterile se pot face de la un \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 articol la altul sau de la o lege la alta. \pa r\pard\qj \li787\ri375\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6 \f7\fs24\ul Asimilarea\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - consta un supunerea unei cat egorii de subiecte sau de situatii juridice regimului creat pentru o \line\tab \ up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 alta categorie. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri446\sb200\sl280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Fictiunea\ul0\nosupe rsub\cf2\f3\fs24 - sunt un procedeu de tehnica in conformitatea cu care un anumi t fapt este considerat ca existent \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 sau c a stabilit desi el nu a fost stabilit sau nu exista in realitate. \par\pard\ql \ li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\ fs22 e)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Prezumtiile\ ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - sunt consecintele ce legea sau magestratul retrage dintr-un fapt cunoscut la un fapt \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 necunoscut, de exemplu: ,,legiuitorul presupune ca ceva fara sa fi fost dovedit, exista cu adevarat,,. \par\pard\ql \li1268\sb204\sl-276 \slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Prezumtiile pot fi: \par\pard\ql \li1148\ sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1 )\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Absolute\ul0\nosup ersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - adic nu pot fi combatute prin proba contrara. \par\pard\ql \ li1148\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4 \fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Relative\ul 0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - care pot fi resturnate prin proba contrara. \par\pard

\qj \li427\ri1264\sb201\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Ca exemplu de prezumtie poate fi luat: prezumtia de paternitate a copilului din casatorie c are nu poate fi \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 combatuta decit de sotul mamei pri n inaintarea cererii de stabilire a paternitatii. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276 \slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb112\sl-276\s lmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 4. Partile cons titutive si elementele de structura interna ale actelor normative. \par\pard\ql \li596\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f s24 Actul normativ are urmatoarele parti componente: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nos upersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Expunerea de motive\ul0\nos upersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este un document de motivare pe care il intilnim in cazul proiectelor de legi si a \par\pard\ql \li1148\ri338\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \exp ndtw-2\charscalex100 propunerilor legislative. In expunerea de motive se prezint a conditiile care au dus la aparitia acestui act. In \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex1 00 cazul ordonantelor si hotaririlor guvernului, documentul de motivare poarta d enumirea de note de \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 fundamentare. \par\pard\ qj \li787\ri271\sb164\sl-300\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\n osupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs2 4\ul Titlul actului normativ\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta elementul p rincipal de identificare exprima denumirea generica a actului \line\tab \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 si obiectul sau de reglementare. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri100 3\sb177\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\ f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Preambulu l\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - constituie o introducere o punere in drept a prev ederilor ce se contin in actul normativ. \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 Preambulul nu are o forta juridica si reprezinta o expunere pe baza actului nor mativ. \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri987\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 In unele cazuri preambulul e considerat obligatoriu anume pentru prez entarea de fapt si de drept a \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 situatiei ce impune recurgerea la aceasta cale de reglementare. \par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw1190 0\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg18}{\bkmkend Pg18}\par\pard\ql \li787 \sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li787\ri446\sb188\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\ f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Formula introductiva\ul0\nosupersub\cf2 \f3\fs24 - consta intr-o propozitie care cuprinde denumirea autoritatii emitente si exprimarea \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 hotaririi de luare a deci ziei. Referitoare la emiterea sau adoptarea actului normativ respectiv (parlamen tul \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Republicii Moldova adopta prezenta l ege) \par\pard\ql \li787\ri965\sb209\sl-270\slmult0\tx1148\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 e)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Part ea dispozitiva reprezinta continutul propriu zis al reglementarii alcatuirii in totalitate a normelor \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 juridice instituit e pentru relatiile sociale ce constituie obiectul actului in cauza.. la rindul s au parte \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 dispozitiva se imparte in: \par \pard\ql \li1508\sb206\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper sub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul D ispozitii generale\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - care se refera numai la parte in troductiva. \par\pard\ql \li1508\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex 100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dispozitii de fond\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - prin reglementar e propriuzisa a relatiilor sociale. \par\pard\qj \li1508\ri440\sb221\sl-280\slmu lt0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dispozitiile tranzitorii\ul0 \nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - cuprind masurile ce se instituie cu privire la derular ea raporturilor juridice \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 nascute in teme iul vechii regelmentari si care urmeaza sa fie inlocuita de noul act normativ. \ par\pard\ql \li1508\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosu persub\cf3\f4\fs22 4)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\u l Dispozitiile finale\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - cuprind masurile necesare pen

tru punerea in aplicare a prevederilor actului \par\pard\ql \li1868\sb4\sl-276\s lmult0\tx11384 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 normativ, data intrarii sale in vig oare si implicatiile actului respectiv asupra altor acte normative \tab \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 ( \par\pard\ql \li1868\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\ charscalex100 modificari, abrogari, completari, etc). \par\pard\qj \li787\ri494\ sb205\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4 \fs22 f)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Formula de atestare a autotenticitaii actu lui normativ care e semnat da catre reprezentantul legal a puterii \line\tab \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 legislative, si actul normativ treb sa fie numerotat si datat. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri234\sb35\sl-480\slmult0\fi359 \up0 \expndtw-1\ch arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 g)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nos upersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Anexele\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - au aceiasi forta jur idica si prin continutul lor pot fi redate organigrame, tabele, schitestatistici , etc. \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Elemetele de structura interna a actului normativ\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 : \par\pard\qj \li787\ri1048\sb166\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nos upersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ ul Articolul\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este un element structural de baza si cuprinde in principiu o singura dispozitie normativa \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\c harscalex100 referitoare la o singura situatie concreta. In tex articolul se exp rima prin abreviera \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul art. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri98 3\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\ f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Alineatul \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 -este un element constituit de regula dintr-o singur a propozitie sau fraza care da o expresie \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex10 0 normativa unei ipoteze juridice specifice ansamblului articlolui. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f 2\fs24 5. Sistematizare actelor normative. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult 0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Principalele forme d e sistematizare a actelor normative sunt: \par\pard\li787\sb206\sl-276\slmult0\f i0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Incorporarea\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f s24 - consta in gruparea actelor normative in diferite colectii ori culegeri in functie de diferite\par\pard\li787\sb7\sl-276\slmult0\fi360\tx9371 \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 criterii (criteriul alfabetic, cronologic, institutiilor juridi ce, etc). Incorporarea poate fi\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Oficiala cind este\par\pard\li787\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\fi360\tx4216\tx5275 \up0 \expndtw-4\chars calex100 infaptuita de un organ de stat si\tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 Neo ficiala\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 cind e organizata de diferite organizm e si organizatii nestatale\par\pard\li787\sb1\sl-276\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 (Institute de cercetare, edituri, care intocmesc indrumare legi slative.\par\pard\ql \li787\sb186\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f 7\fs24\ul Codificarea\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este o forma superioara de s istematizare a actelor normative aceasta se deosebeste de \par\pard\ql \li1148\s b4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 incorporare atit prin obiectul e i prin subiectele ce o realizeaza si prin forta juridica a rezultatului codifica rii. \par\pard\ql \li1328\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Cod ificarea se realizeaza prin cuprinderea unitara a tuturor sau aproape a tuturor actelor normative ce \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri351\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 alcatuiesc o ramura de drept prin prelucrarea lor si constituir ea unui singur act normativ nou avind valoare \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 unei legi. \par\pard\qj \li1148\ri398\sb217\sl-260\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 Codificarea este o parte componenta a activitatii de elaborarea a dre ptului si poate cuprinde urmatoarele \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 activitati: \ par\pard\ql \li1508\sb207\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosu persub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Prelucrarea si ordinare logic a a intregului material normativ \par\pard\ql \li1508\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 Indepartarea normelor invechite \par\pard\ql \li1508\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \

up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f 3\fs24 Completare lacunelor prin introducerea unor norme noi \par\pard\ql \li1 508\sb224\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs 22 4)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Folosirea unor tehnici legislative moderne (s tructurarea normelor de drept). {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft9370\shptop9822\shpright10142\shpbottom10098\shpfhdr0\s hpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz552\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 772}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(772,276);(772,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft4214\shptop10098\shpright5214\shpbottom10374\shpfhdr0\s hpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz579\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1000}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1000,276);(1000,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g19}{\bkmkend Pg19}\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\ slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\ pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\s b247\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx4422 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1 \f2\fs24 TEMA IX:\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ ul Sistemul de realizare a dreptului\par\pard\ql \li427\sb192\sl-276\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Sistemul dreptului cons ideratiei generale. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 2 Criteriile constituirii sistemului dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li427\s b204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 3 Ramurile dreptului. \par\par d\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 4 Dreptul public si dreptul privat. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\char scalex100 5 Notiunea de realizare a dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\ slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 6 Formele realizarii dreptului. \par\pard\ ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 7 Fazele aplicarii dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex10 0 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. Sistemul dreptului consideratiei generale. \par \pard\ql \li427\ri210\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\fi120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Prin notiunea de sistem intelegem un ansamblu de elemen te legate intre ele care au ceva in comun si constituie un \up0 \expndtw-2\chars calex100 tot intreg. Analiza amanuntita a sistemului dreptului permite o mai bun a organizare a cercetarii juridice prin \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 inte legerea corecta a tuturor normelor de drept, stabilirea locului pe care il ocupa fiecare norma in cadrul \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 institutiei, ramure i si chiar a intregului sistem de drept. O conceptie despre existenta sistemului de drept a existat \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 inca din epoca in care apar pr imele norme sociale cu caracter juridic. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri306\sb0\sl-280\sl mult0\fi120 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Jurisconsultii romani sustineau ca toa te normele juridice servesc tuturor intereselor in general cit si unor interese \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 in particular de realizare a acestora fiind intere sati membrii diferitor grupuri sociale. Acest concept ulterior in evul \up0 \exp

ndtw-2\charscalex100 mediu si in epoca moderna si asta permitind intelegerea si necesitatea aplicarii normei in cadrul unui sistem de \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex 100 drept. Caracterul integrativ a sistemului de drept consta in urmatorii facto ri: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-232\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\no supersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24 \ul Vointa unica\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - obiectivata prin actiunea legislat iva a parlamentului. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb12\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosu persub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Sensul unic\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - indeplinirea inte reselor generale a societatii \par\pard\qj \li787\ri228\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\tx114 8 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf 2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Unitatea cimpului juridic\ul0\nosuper sub\cf2\f3\fs24 - normele sunt generale si impersonale, respectiv nu se aplica n umai intr-un singur \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 caz si actioneaza in timp, spatiu si asupra persoanelor respectiv intrind sub incidenta unui sistem de drept. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Unitatea modului de r ealizare a normei juridice consta in faptul ca la nevoie poate interveni forta p ublica. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-270\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\ri465\sb19\sl270\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 In concluzie putem afirma ca sis temul dreptului reprezinta totalitatea normelor juridice existente la un moment \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dat legate intre ele prin trasaturi comune de natu ra a releva unitatea lor si care sunt despartite in mod relativ de \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 unele particularitati in raport cu obiectul si metoda reglement arii juridice \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb10\sl276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Criteri ile constituirii sistemului dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri425\sb9\sl-270\slmu lt0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Cercetarile efectuate in domeniul dreptului au dus la concluzia potrivit carea criteriul pri ncipal de impartire a \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 normelor juridice in ramuri de drept il constituie obiectul reglementarii juridice, insa pe linga acest crit eriu exista \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 si alte subcriterii cum ar fi metoda r eglementraii, principiile dreptului, institutia juridica, etc. \par\pard\ql \li7 12\ri565\sb2\sl-280\slmult0\tx1071\tx1071 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nos upersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ ul Obiectul reglementarii juridice\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este subliniat d e importanta sa deoarece cuprinde o multitudine de relatii \line\tab \up0 \expnd tw-2\charscalex100 sociale strins legate intre ele prin trasaturi specifice si p roprii. In concluzie criteriul esential al distinctiei \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2 \charscalex100 diferitor categorii de norme il constituie sfera de relatii socia le care face obiactul reglementarii juridice. \par\pard\qj \li712\ri370\sb0\sl-2 80\slmult0\tx1071 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\u l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Metoda reglementarii juridice\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - metodele stabilesc organizare si reglement are raporturilor sociale precum si \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 rapor turile dintre organizatiile de stat. \par\pard\qj \li712\ri676\sb0\sl-280\slmult 0\tx1071 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupe rsub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Principiile dreptului\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 - isi gasesc utilizarea in mai multe ramuri de drept, reprezi nta o importanta deosbita \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 pentru intreg sistemul de drept. \par\pard\qj \li712\ri704\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\tx1071 \up0 \exp ndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Institutia juridica\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 o importanta categorie de norme juridice o constituie institutiile juridice. Ex emplu in \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 dreptul familiei exista institu tia casatoriei, instituia adoptiei, institutia rudeniei. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri2 91\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Putem concluziona ca institu tia juridica cuprinde un ansamblu de norme juridice ce reglementeaza o categorie mai \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 restrinsa de relatii sociale legate intre ele prin trasaturi specifice care le deosebesc de alte relatii sociale. \par\pard\s

ect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart Pg20}{\bkmkend Pg20}\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb195\sl-276\slm ult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Ramura de drep t-\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 reprezinta un ansamblu de norme juridice care reg lementeaza o categorie mai mare de relatii \par\pard\qj \li427\ri226\sb18\sl-260 \slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 sociale legate intre ele prin trasaturi c omune folosind de regula aceiasi metoda de reglementare si avind in generale \up 0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 principii comune care guvenreaza ceasta reglementare. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb211\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3. Ramurile dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosup ersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Sistemul dreptului cuprinde numeroase ramuri cum ar fi: \par\p ard\ql \li534\sb4\sl-276\slmult0\tx894 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupe rsub\cf3\f4\fs22 a) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs 24\ul Dreptul constitutional\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este un ansamblu de no rme juridice prin care se stipuleaza organizarea si exercitarea \par\pard\ql \li 894\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 puterii de stat. Obiectul dreptului constitutional il constituie totalitatea normelor prin care e organiza ta \par\pard\ql \li894\ri378\sb9\sl-270\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 pu terea suverana precum si normele care reglementeaza exercitarea puterii astfel p utem afirma ca obiectul \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dreptului constituti onal il constituie relatiile sociale care iau nastere in cadrul organizarii si e xercitarii puterii \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 de stat. \par\pard\ql \li 534\sb6\sl-276\slmult0\tx894\tx2954 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf3\f4\fs22 b) \tab \up0 \expndtw-6\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ ul Dreptul administrativ \ul0\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 - reglementeaza relatiile sociale ce apar in procesul organizarii si infaptuirii de catre \par\pard\ql \li894\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 organle de stat a activitatii executive. Astfel obiectul dreptului ad ministrativ il constituie reglementare \par\pard\ql \li894\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \u p0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 relatiilor juridice care se statornicesc in procesul organizarii si exercitarii activitatiii executive. \par\pard\ql \li534\sb4\sl-2 76\slmult0\tx894 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c) \t ab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptul financia r\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reglementeaza relatiile sociale care apar in sfer a activitatii financiare a statului si anume in \par\pard\qj \li894\ri218\sb1\sl -280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 procesul aprobarii si intocmirii buge tului de stat, apar intre organele statului, intre organele statului si cetateni , \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 intre organele statului si organizatiile neguver namentale. \par\pard\ql \li534\sb1\sl-255\slmult0\tx894 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscal ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nos upersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptul muncii\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - contine norme juridice prin care se instituie importante drepturi si obligatii pentru angajat or \par\pard\ql \li534\ri378\sb25\sl-280\slmult0\fi360\tx894 \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 si angajat dinduse raportului de munca o reglementare ce imbina atit interesele generale cit si cele personale. \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\no supersub\cf3\f4\fs22 e) \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs2 4\ul Dreptul funciar\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - cuprinde totalitatea normelor juridice care reglementeaza raporturi funciare in legatura cu \line\tab \up0 \ex pndtw-2\charscalex100 folosirea pamintului, padurilor, apelor aflate in propriet atea publica sau privata. \par\pard\ql \li534\sb1\sl-255\slmult0\tx894 \up0 \exp ndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 f) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charsca lex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptul civil\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 poate fi definit ca acea ramura a dreptului care reglementeaza marea majoritate a raporturilor \par\pard\qj \li894\ri915\sb5\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 patrimonialeunele raporturi personale nepatrimoniale precum si condit ia juridica a persoanelor fizice si \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 juridice. Rapo rturile patrimoniale sunt cele care decurg din contracte, drept de proprietate, raporturi de \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 vinzare cumparare. \par\pard\ql \li53 4\sb4\sl-276\slmult0\tx894 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\

fs22 g) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptu l penal\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - cuprinde totalitatea normelor juridice care stabilesc ce fapte sunt infractiuni si ce pedeapsa \par\pard\qj \li894\ri678\sb 7\sl-273\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 trebuie sa fia aplicata de instan ta de judecata celor ce s-au facut vinovati de savirsirea infractiunii. Astfel \ up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dreptul penal reglementeaza raporturile dintre pute rea de stat si persoanele care au savirsit infractiuni in \up0 \expndtw-2\charsc alex100 legatura cu aplicare pedepsei in conformitate cu legea. Prin intermediul normelor sale dreptul penal apara \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 ordinea sociala , dreptul si interesele legitime lae cetatenilor. \par\pard\ql \li534\sb5\sl-276 \slmult0\tx894 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 h) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptul familiei\u l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este acea ramura de drept care reglementeaza raportu rile nascute din casatorie rudenie si \par\pard\qj \li894\ri405\sb1\sl-280\slmul t0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 adoptie. Vizind intarirea familiei pe baza prin cipiului deplinii egalitati intre barbat si femeie si ocrotirea prin \up0 \expnd tw-3\charscalex100 toate mijloacele a mamei si copilului. \par\pard\ql \li534\sb 4\sl-276\slmult0\tx894 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 i) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptul in ternational\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - cuprinde norme create in cadrul relatii lor intre state cu participarea si pe baza acordului \par\pard\ql \li894\ri299\s b1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 de vointa al acestora, astfel pu tem afirma ca statele sunt creatoare a dreptului international acestea participi nd \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 la relatiile internationale ca stat suverane si independente. Normele de drept international se contin in \line \up0 \expndtw-2 \charscalex100 contracte, conventii internationale, care sunt semnate de catre s tate si prevad drepturile si obligatiile ce \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 trebuiec respectate. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb264\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\ch arscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 4. Dreptul public si dreptul privat. \pa r\pard\qj \li427\ri561\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\fi175 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \u l0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Vestitul jurist roman \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul U lpian\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 a dat o definitie unor structuri a sistemului dreptului, astfel el distingea in dreptul \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 roman ,, Jus Publicum/ Jus Privatum,, \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expnd tw-3\charscalex100 - \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Jus Publicum\ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 - aapra interesele statului. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 - \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Jus Privatum\ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 doar interesele indivizilor. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri237\s b5\sl-280\slmult0\fi168 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Aceasta impartire Ius Publ icum si Jus privatum era dupa parerea Jurisconsultilor romani existenta raportur ilor \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 sociale particulare si a raporturilor sociale ce lua nastere intre statul roman si particulari. In epoca moderna apare \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 insa o analiza minutoasa a dreptului public si a dreptul ui privat diferentele importante ce apar in cadrul raporturilor \up0 \expndtw-3\ charscalex100 juridice de drept public si raporturilor juridice de drept ptrivat . \par\pard\ql \li534\sb1\sl-255\slmult0\tx1074 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \u l0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptul public\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 reglementeaza relatiil e sociale din domeniu organizarii puterii publice in vreme ce dreptul \par\pard\ ql \li894\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 privat reglementeaza relatiile sociale patrimoniale la care participa particularii. \par\pard\li534\s b38\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1074 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\ f4\fs22 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul In c eea ce priveste scopul\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 , statul este preocupat de int eresul general, iar individul sau cetateanul de acela\par\pard\li534\sb1\sl-261\ slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 personal. {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop2576\shpright2992\shpbottom2852\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz80\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{

\sn geoRight}{\sv 2100}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(2100,276);(2100,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop3964\shpright2952\shpbottom4240\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz155\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 2060}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(2060,276);(2060,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop4798\shpright2532\shpbottom5074\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz214\shplid2 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1640}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1640,276);(1640,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop5634\shpright2352\shpbottom5910\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz281\shplid3 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1460}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1460,276);(1460,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop6192\shpright2360\shpbottom6468\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz332\shplid4 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1468}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1468,276);(1468,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop6752\shpright2112\shpbottom7028\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz383\shplid5 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{

\sn geoRight}{\sv 1220}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1220,276);(1220,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop7862\shpright2204\shpbottom8138\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz450\shplid6 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1312}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1312,276);(1312,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop9250\shpright2432\shpbottom9526\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz525\shplid7 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1540}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1540,276);(1540,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft892\shptop10084\shpright2898\shpbottom10360\shpfhdr0\sh pbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz584\shplid8 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 2006}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(2006,276);(2006,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g21}{\bkmkend Pg21}\par\pard\li534\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li534\sb219\sl-27 6\slmult0\fi0\tx1074 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c )\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Raporturile j uridice\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 de drept public sunt de regula raporturi uni laterale cind drepturile vizate se apara din\par\pard\qj \li894\ri559\sb0\sl-280 \slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 oficiu, iar raporturile juridice de drept privat sunt bilaterale atunci cind dreptul intervine la cererea partilor. \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Dreptul privat include asa ramuri ca: \par\pard\ql \li8 54\sb1\sl-252\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1 )\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dreptul comercial \par\pard\ql \li854\sb9\sl-276\ slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupers ub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dreptul civil \par\pard\ql \li908\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ ql\li908\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Iar dreptul public cup rinde ramuri precum: \par\pard\li1254\sb22\sl-276\slmult0\fi25\tx1868 \up0 \expn dtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 dreptul constitutional\par\pard\li1254\sb6\sl-2

76\slmult0\fi25\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dreptul admini strativ\par\pard\li1254\sb8\sl-276\slmult0\fi25\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosup ersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept penal\par\pard\li1254\sb6\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 4)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept financiar\par\pard\ql \li427\sb258\ sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 5. Noti unea de realizare a dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expn dtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Realizare dreptului reprezinta o activitate complexa si continua de transpunere in realitatea vietii sociale a \ par\pard\ql \li427\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 nrmelor juri dice, in aceasta activitate sun implicate atit persoane fizice cit si persoane j uridice. Actiunea de \par\pard\ql \li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\char scalex100 realizare a dreptului defineste actiunea de respectare a dreptului, im plicarea autoritatilor publice potrivit \par\pard\qj \li427\ri287\sb1\sl-280\slm ult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 competentei atribuite fiecaruia. In procesul de realizare a dreptului trebuie de pornit de la realitatile sociale care au \li ne \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 generat adoptare normelor juridice si de la con duita oamenilor si anume gradul de acceptare a normelor juridice. \par\pard\ql \ li427\sb264\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\ fs24 6. Formele realizarii dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Realizarea dreptului in m od concret are loc in 2 forme \par\pard\ql \li1254\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expn dtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Realizarea dreptului prin activitatea de realizare si executare a legilor. \par\ pard\ql \li1789\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Variantele avut e in vedere in cadrul acestei forme de realizare a dreptului sunt: \par\pard\ql \li1614\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\ fs22 1)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Subiectele de drept respecta in tocmai cond uita impusa de normele juridice. \par\pard\ql \li1614\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Subiectele de drept se abtin si nu dau nastere la raporturi juridice ce contr avin normelor legale. \par\pard\qj \li1614\ri325\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\tx1974 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 Autoritatile publice participa in limita competentelor sale la executare ac estor competente printr-o \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 activitate leg ala. \par\pard\ql \li1254\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\ nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Aplicare dreptului de cat re autoritatile si institutiile publice. \par\pard\ql \li1614\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Caracteristicile a actelor de aplicare a dreptulu i in raport cu activitatea normativa sunt: \par\pard\li1614\sb36\sl-276\slmult0\ fi0\tx2140 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Actul de aplicare a dreptu lui are valoare unui fapt juridic provocind nasterea, modificarea sau\par\pard\l i1614\sb1\sl-261\slmult0\fi360 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 stingerea unui rapo rt juridic.\par\pard\li1614\sb23\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2154 \up0 \expndtw-3\chars calex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\n osupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Efectul in timp a celor 2 categorii de acte difera.\par\pa rd\li1614\sb6\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx2140\tx2826\tx7224 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex 100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupe rsub\cf2\f3\fs24 Actele\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 de aplicare se deosebe sc de actele normative\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 si in ceea ce priveste in conditiile formale\par\pard\qj \li1974\ri332\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 de valabilitate asta deoarece avem o diversitate de norme jurid ice susceptibile de a fi incalcate dar \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 si mijloace diferite in care statul intervine in respectare legii. \par\pard\ql \li2154\sb 1\sl-240\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Procesul de aplicare a dreptului depinde de felul normei incalcate ( penale, civile, \par\pard\qj \li1974\ri1018\ sb7\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 administrative) de organul chem

at sa restabileasca legea (organe administrative instante de \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 judecata, organe financiare). \par\pard\ql \li427\sb264\sl-276\slmult 0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 7. Fazele aplicarii dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Pentru aplicarea dreptului distingem urmatoarele 3 f aze: \par\pard\qj \li1421\ri300\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf 6\f7\fs24\ul Stabilirea starii de fapt\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - care presupu ne cercetarea, observarea si analiza a ceea ce trebuie lamurit si \up0 \expndtw4\charscalex100 explicat. \par\pard\qj \li1421\ri761\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Stabilirea starii de drept\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\ f3\fs24 - odata cu stabilirea starii defapt se impune a fi stabilita norma jurid ica \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 aplicabila. \par\pard\ql \li1421\sb4\sl-276\sl mult0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c) \tab \ up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Elaborarea actuluid e aplicare\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - pronuntarea hotaririi judecatoresti. \pa r\pard\qj \li1421\ri365\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 I n primele instante la judecatorii acest hotariri se numesc sentinte iar in caile de atac la curtile de apel \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 se numesc decizii. \pa r\pard\ql \li427\sb1\sl-255\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Hotaririle jud ecatoresti sunt alcatuite din 3 parti: \par\pard\qj \li787\ri576\sb5\sl-280\slmu lt0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Partea introductiva\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 - cuprinde denumirea instantei, membrii completului de judeca ta, numarul dosarului, \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 partile in dosar, data dezbaterilor cind s-a pronuntat instanta si concluziile partilor. \par\par d\qj \li787\ri481\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\n osupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs2 4\ul Considerentele\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - partea cea mai ampla a hotariri i cind instanta stabileste starea de fapt si starea de drept si \line\tab \up0 \ expndtw-4\charscalex100 motivul p-u care admite sau respinge cererea. {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft2823\shptop9650\shpright7102\shpbottom9926\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz392\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 4279}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(4279,276);(4279,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g22}{\bkmkend Pg22}\par\pard\qj \li787\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li787\ri4 09\sb188\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3 \f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dispozit ivul\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta decizia asupra careea s-a oprit ins tanta, drepturile recunoscute partilor, obligatiile \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\ch arscalex100 impuse, si termenul in care poate fi exercitata calea de atac. \par\ pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Reali zarea dreptului\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 reprezinta in sine si scopul pentru care dreptul exista. \par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-27 6\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\pa r\pard\li427\sb10\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx5167 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\n osupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA X:\tab \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf5\f6\fs24\ul Raportul juridic\par\pard\ql \li427\sb194\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Definitia si trasaturile rap ortului juridic. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsc

alex100 2 elementele raportului juridic \par\pard\ql \li427\sb184\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 3 Faptul juridic \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276 \slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. Definitia si trasaturile raportului juridic. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \ expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raportul juridic poate fi de finit in 2 sensuri: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosu persub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul In sens larg\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - raportul juridi c paote fi definit ca acea relatie sociala reglementata ca norma de drept. \par\ pard\ql \li787\ri531\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscal ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf6\f7\fs24\ul In sens restrins\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - raportul juridic poate fi definit ca o relatie sociala patrimoniala sau nepatrimoniala strict \li ne\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 legata de individualitatea pesoanei in cadr ul carea 2 sau mai multe persoane sunt titulare de drepturi si \line\tab \up0 \e xpndtw-2\charscalex100 obligatii juridice reciproce a caror nerespectare duce la palicarea fortei coercitive a statului. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb204\sl-276\slmult 0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Trasaturile raportului juridice sunt: \par\pard\ qj \li787\ri423\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nos upersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raportul juridic este un rap ort social deoarece intodeauna se stabileste in perioade, fie ca acestia partici pa \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 in nume propriu, fie ca reprezentanti ai unor persoane juridice. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb204\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expnd tw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 R aportul juridic e un raport de substructure deaorece suporta influienta celorlal te raporturi sociale. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri401\sb201\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\f s24 Raportul juridic este un raport ideologic deaorece se integreaza in aceias i categorie cu raporturile politice, \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 mor ale si reliogioase. \par\pard\ql \li787\ri299\sb200\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2 \f3\fs24 Raportul juridic este un raport volitional deoarece deaorece reprezin ta un acord de vointa si intervine pe de \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 o parte vointa legiuitorului exprimata in norme juridice iar pe de alta parte v ointa subiectelor de drept \line \tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 participanti la raporturi juridice. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri654\sb164\sl-300\slmult0\tx1148 \u p0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 e)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3 \fs24 Raportul juridic este un raport valoric p-u ca in fiecare relatie ce se creaza intre participantii la circuitul \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 civil isi gasesc concretizarea valorii esentiale a societatii. \par\pard\ql \li4 27\sb180\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs2 4 2. Elementele raportului juridic. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Elementele raportului jurid ic sunt: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Subiectele \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\f s22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Continutul \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\sl mult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex104 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub \cf2\f3\fs24 Obiectul \par\pard\ql \li427\ri250\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expnd tw-2\charscalex100 1.\ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Subiectele raportului juridi c\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - ca raport social raportul juridic are ca subiecte oamenii care sunt titulari de drepturi \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 si de obli gatii juridice sau oamenii ca reprezentanti a persoanelor juridice. Incheerea un ui raport juridic implica cel \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 putin 2 subiecte de drept, insa sunt multe cazuri in care la raportul juridic participa mai multe pa rti astfel ca toti \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 participantii la raportul juridic au drepturi si obligatii. Ca exemplu in cazul mostenirii, sucesiunii. I n cele mai \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 multe raporturi juridice sunt pre cizate in mod determinat atit titularii de drepturi cit si titularii de obligati i. Asa dar \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 prin subiectul de drept al raportului j

uridic se inteleg participantii la raporturile juridice care sunt purtatori sau \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 titulari de drepturi si obligatii. \par\pard \ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Notiunea de subiect de drept este strict legata de notiunea de capacitate juridica. Individul ca sub iect de drept \par\pard\qj \li427\ri340\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\chars calex100 participa la raporturi juridice ca titular de drepturi si obligatiiin b aza recunoasterii acestei calitati de catre normele \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charsc alex100 de drept. Aceasta aptitudine generala de a fi titular de drept si oblig atii poarta denumirea de \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs 24\ul Capacitate Juridica. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb1\sl-255\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Legea stabileste atit momentul apari tiei capacitatii juridice cit si intinderea ei. In structura capacitatii juridic e intra \par\pard\ql \li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 e lemente: {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft426\shptop12312\shpright606\shpbottom12588\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz448\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 180}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(180,276);(180,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft605\shptop12312\shpright3300\shpbottom12588\shpfhdr0\sh pbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz459\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 2695}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(2695,276);(2695,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft9315\shptop14796\shpright11208\shpbottom15072\shpfhdr0\ shpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz574\shplid2 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1893}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(1893,276);(1893,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft11208\shptop15044\shpright11268\shpbottom15044\shpfhdr0 \shpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz621\shplid3{\sp{\sn shapeTyp e}{\sv 20}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineWidth}{\sv 7902}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g23}{\bkmkend Pg23}\par\pard\qj \li787\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \par\pard\qj\li787\ri4 86\sb188\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3 \f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Capacita tea de folosinta\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este aptitudinea generala si abstr acta a subiectului de drept de a avea drepturi si \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\char

scalex100 obligatii juridice. Ea este proprie tuturor. \par\pard\qj \li787\ri394 \sb0\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\ fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Capacitatea de exercitiu\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este aptitudinea subiectului de a exer cita drepturile si de aisi indeplini obligatiile \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-1\chars calex100 juridice prin incheerea de raporturi juridice. Unde putem incheia rapor turi juridice. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb264\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscal ex100 Clasificare subiectelro raporturilor juridice : \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl -276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\no supersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Subiecte individuale\ul0\n osupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - persoana fizica. Cetatenii, strainii si apatrizii. \par\ pard\qj \li787\ri521\sb0\sl-300\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\ fs24\ul Subiecte colective\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - persoane juridice. In ac easta categorie fac parte Statul, Organele de stat si persoanele \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 juridice. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \par\p ard\ql\li427\ri760\sb162\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Nu au capa citate de exercitiu minorii pina la atingerea virste majoratului (+18) si catego riile de persoane cu \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dificultati vitale,apat ritii, etc. Capacitatea deplina de exercitiu incepe de la data cind persoana de vine majora. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0\tx2881 \up0 \expndtw-3\chars calex100 2.Continutul raportului \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 juridic este alcatuit din totalitatea dreptulrilor si obligatiilor subiectelor dintr-un rapo rt \par\pard\ql \li427\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 juridic determinat, drepturi si obligatii prevazute de norma juridica. \par\pard\ql \li5 48\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 - \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs2 4\ul Obligatia juridica\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 -consta in datorirea subiectu lui pasiv al raportului juridic de a avea o anumita conduita care \par\pard\ql \ li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 poate consta in: a da, a face, sau a nu face ceva ceea ce poate fi impus la nevoie de forta de constringe re a statului. \par\pard\ql \li548\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex 100 - \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptul subiectiv\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2 4 este posibilitatea recunoscuta de norma de drept subiectului activ in virtute a carea acesta \par\pard\qj \li427\ri333\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\char scalex100 poate in limitele dreptului sa aiba o anumita conduita fie sa aiba o c onduita corespunzatoare care consta in: a da, a \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 fa ce sau a nu face ceva de la subiectul pasiv si in caz de refuz sa se asigure cu forta coercitiva a statului. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb1\sl-255\slmult0 \up0 \expndt w-5\charscalex100 - \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Clasivicare drepturilor subi ective\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 : \par\pard\ql \li1138\sb8\sl-276\slmult0\tx18 68 \up0 \expndtw-5\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1) \tab \up0 \expnd tw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functie de ocozabilitatea lor drepturile subiective sunt: \par\pard\ql \li1280\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndt w-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Relative\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - in virtutea ca rora titularul poate pretinde subiectul pasiv o conduita determinata \par\pard\q j \li1280\ri707\sb0\sl-300\slmult0\tx1562 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nos upersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\u l Absolute\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - este acel drept in virtutea caruia titul arul poate avea o anumita conduita fara a cere de la \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-5\c harscalex100 altcineva realizarea sa. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-233\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\ fs24 In functie de natura continutului lor drepturile subiective se impart in: \par\pard\ql \li1254\sb32\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nos upersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Patrimoniale care pot fi exp rimate in bani. \par\pard\li427\sb28\sl-276\slmult0\fi1418\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drepturi reale in virtutea carora titularul sau isi poate exercita prerogative asupra unui bun\par\pard\li427\sb1\sl-251\slmult0\fi1 418 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 fara concursul altcuiva\par\pard\li427\sb25\sl

-276\slmult0\fi1418\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\ fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drepturi de creanta cind subiectul activ (creditorul) poate pretinde subiectul pasiv\par\pa rd\li427\sb1\sl-251\slmult0\fi1418\tldot\tx9486 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 (d ebitorul) sa dea, sa faca sau sa nu faca ceva, ca exemplu contract devizei\expn dtw0\charscalex100\tab \par\pard\li427\sb5\sl-276\slmult0\fi826 \up0 \expndtw-2\ charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Acele drepturi subiective care nu pot fi exprimate in bani.\par\pard\li427\sb6\sl-276\ slmult0\fi1199 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Drepturile nepatrimoniale se impart in:\par\pard\li427\sb19\sl-276\slmult0\fi993\tx1846 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex1 00 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupers ub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drepturile care privesc existentasi integritatea fizica si morala a persoanei.\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\fi993\tx1846 \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drepturi ce privesc identificare persoanei(dreptul la num e, dreptul la domiciliu, dreptul la\par\pard\li427\sb0\sl-253\slmult0\fi1418 \up 0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 resedinta).\par\pard\li427\sb4\sl-276\slmult0\fi359 \ up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 3)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f 3\fs24 In functie de corelatia dintre ele drepturile subiective se impart in:\ par\pard\li427\sb28\sl-276\slmult0\fi1276\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 Principale- acele drepturi care au existenta desinestatatoar\par\par d\li427\sb6\sl-276\slmult0\fi1418\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosu persub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 Drept la viata\par\pard\li427\sb1\sl-274\slmult0\fi1418\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept la sanatate\par\pard\li427\sb1\sl-276\slmult0\ fi1418\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \u p0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept la ocortirea socia la\par\pard\li427\sb1\sl-276\slmult0\fi1276\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf2\f3\fs24 Drepturi accesorii- care a caror soarta depinde de existenta altu i drept subiectiv.\par\pard\li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0\fi1418\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw -3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dreptul de a incheia contracte( capacitatea de exer citiu, majorat, etc)\par\pard\li427\sb1\sl-251\slmult0\fi359 \up0 \expndtw-1\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 4)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functi e de gradul de certitudine drepturile subiective se impart in:\par\pard\li427\sb 31\sl-276\slmult0\fi1276\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf 3\f4\fs22 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Drept uri pure si simple acele care ofera maxima certitudine titularului sau itrucit n ici\par\pard\li427\sb1\sl-261\slmult0\fi1276 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 exist enta si nici exercitarea lor nu depinde de vrio imprejurare viitoare.\par\pard\l i427\sb23\sl-276\slmult0\fi1276\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupe rsub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2 4 Drepturi subiective afectate de modalitati a caror exercitare depinde de impre jurari car epot\par\pard\li427\sb1\sl-259\slmult0\fi1276 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsca lex100 fi cert sau incerte.\par\pard\li427\sb3\sl-276\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 Clasificarea obligatiilor juridice.\ par\pard\li427\sb20\sl-276\slmult0\fi710\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \u l0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 In functie de obiectul lor se disting 3 clasificar a obligatiilor jur idice:\par\pard\li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0\fi1276\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1.a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nos upersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Obligatia de a da si obligatia de a face.\par\pard\li427\sb6 \sl-276\slmult0\fi1276\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\ f4\fs22 1.b)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Oblig atia pozitiva (a da, a face) /Obligatia negativa (a nu face). {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft605\shptop4260\shpright786\shpbottom4536\shpfhdr0\shpbx

page\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz232\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 181}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(181,276);(181,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft785\shptop4260\shpright2820\shpbottom4536\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz243\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 2035}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(2035,276);(2035,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft785\shptop4508\shpright2817\shpbottom4508\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz266\shplid2{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\s v 20}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineW idth}{\sv 7902}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft2819\shptop4508\shpright3505\shpbottom4508\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz290\shplid3{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\ sv 20}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn line Width}{\sv 7902}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g24}{\bkmkend Pg24}\par\pard\li1138\sb0\sl-276\slmult0\par\pard\li1138\sb219\sl276\slmult0\fi566\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs 22 1.c)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Obligatie de rezultat care consta in datorirea debitorului de a obtine un rezultat determi nat.\par\pard\li1138\sb1\sl-261\slmult0\fi566 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Obli gatia de diligenta prin care debitorul depune toata staruinta pentru obtinerea u nui anumit rezultat\par\pard\li1138\sb3\sl-276\slmult0\fi566 \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 fara a se obliga la obtinerea acestui rezultat.\par\pard\li1138\sb20\ sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\f s22 2)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functie de sanctiunea ce asigura respectare obligatiilor juridice se disting:\par\pard\l i1138\sb6\sl-276\slmult0\fi566\tx2588 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosuper sub\cf3\f4\fs22 2.a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 Obligatii perfecte a caror executare e asigurata in caz de neexecutare de cat re debitor printr-\par\pard\ql \li1704\sb1\sl-254\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsc alex100 o actiune in justitie \par\pard\qj \li1704\ri561\sb5\sl-280\slmult0\tx25 88 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 2.b) \tab \up0 \exp ndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Obligatii imperfecte sunt acele obligatii a caror executare nu se poate obtine pe cale silita \up0 \expndtw-2\c harscalex100 dar odata executate de buna voie de catre debitor nu este permisa r estituirea ei. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex 100 Obiectul raportului juridic este conduita pe care subiectele de drept o stab ilesc in cadrul unui rapiort juridic ca \par\pard\qj \li427\ri305\sb0\sl-280\slm ult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 urmarea execurtarii drepturilor si obligatiil or. Raporturile juridice iau nastere intre oameni, drepturile si obligatiile \up 0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 fiind in totdeauna norme de conduita a oamenilor. \pa r\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb269\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3. Faptul juridic. \par\pa

rd\ql \li607\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf 2\f3\fs24 Notiunea de Fapt Juridic. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri1093\sb5\sl-280\slmult 0\fi60 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Faptul Juric \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta acele imprejurari de care norma juridic a leaga nasterea, modificarea sau stingerea \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 raport urilor juridice. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscal ex100 In functie de criteriul volitional Fapta Juridica se clasifica in: \par\pa rd\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex102 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3 \f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Evenimente \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-2 76\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex103 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosup ersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Actiuni \par\pard\qj \li427\ri387\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Evenimentele\ul0\nosupersu b\cf2\f3\fs24 - reprezinta acele imprejurari care nu depind de vointa omului, da r a caror rezultatae duc la nasterea \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 sau modificar ea raporturilor juridice. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri779\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \exp ndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Actiunile\ul0\nosupersub\cf2 \f3\fs24 - sunt manifestari de vointa ale oamenilor care produc efecte juridice. Adica nasc, modifica sau sting \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 raporturi juridice. La rindul sau actiunile se impart in: \par\pard\qj \li787\ri795\sb0\sl-280\slmu lt0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosu persub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Actiuni Licite\ul0\nosupersu b\cf2\f3\fs24 - care reprezinta actele savirsite de catre oameni in conformitate a cu cerintele, normelor \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 juridice. \par\ pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-255\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Actiu ni Ilicite\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - acte savirsite de catre oameni cu incalc area prevederilor normelor juridice.\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols2\colno1\co lw5102\colsr160\colno2\colw6498\colsr160\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ ql \li427\sb220\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1 \f2\fs24 TEMA XI:\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charsc alex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Notiunea de raspundere juridica\par\pard\q l \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 Principiile raspun derii juridice\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale x100 3 Conditiile raspunderii juridice\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \ up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 4 Formele raspunderii juridice\par\pard\ql \li427\s b200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. Notiunea de raspundere juridica\par\pard\column \ql \li5262\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li20\sb220\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosup ersub\cf5\f6\fs24\ul Raspunderea Juridica \par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone \qj \li42 7\ri359\sb1\sl-270\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 Este o forma speciala a raspunderii sociale care implica sanctionarea sociala a conduitei individuului, persoanei \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 corel induse in mod functional cu celelalte forme de raspundere sociala (raspunderea m orala, raspunderea politica, \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 raspuderea juridica, etc). \par\pard\qj \li427\ri860\sb2\sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charsca lex100 Prin fapta sa cel care incarca prevederele normelor juridice aduce atinge re ordinii de drept, tulbura buna si \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 normala desfa surare a relatiilor sociale afecteaza interesele legitime ale celorlalte persoan e si pune in pericol \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 echilibrul social. \par\pard\ ql \li607\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Raspunderea juridica reprezinta acea forma a raspunderii sociale care consta intr-un complex de drept uri si \par\pard\qj \li427\ri226\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex10 0 obligatii conexe care in conformitate cu legea se nasc ca urmare a savirsirii unei fapte ilicite care constituie cadrul \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 de realizare a constringerii de stat prin aplicarea sanctiunilor juridice cu scopu l de a restabili si de a asigura ordinea \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 de drept. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb265\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \u l0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Principiile raspunderii juridice. \par\pard\qj \li6 07\ri727\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\tx854 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf2\f3\fs24 Raspunderea juridica este condusa de o serie de principii generale

valabile p-u toate formele de raspundere: \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex10 0 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a) \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f6\f7\fs24\ul Principiul raspunderii pentru fapta savirsita cu vinovastia\ul0\no supersub\cf2\f3\fs24 -adic poate fi atras la raspundere doar acel \par\pard\qj \ li1214\ri718\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 subiect care este vinovat si in limita vinovatiei sale. O persoana nu poate fi sanctionata daca nu ia fost \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 dovedita vinovatia. {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft486\shptop4888\shpright1626\shpbottom5164\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz152\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1140}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1140,276);(1140,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft426\shptop6282\shpright1746\shpbottom6558\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz227\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1320}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1320,276);(1320,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft426\shptop6834\shpright1320\shpbottom7110\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz262\shplid2 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 894}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(894,276);(894,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft1211\shptop14948\shpright6704\shpbottom15224\shpfhdr0\s hpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz577\shplid3 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 5493}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(5493,276);(5493,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft6704\shptop14948\shpright6784\shpbottom15224\shpfhdr0\s hpbxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz604\shplid4 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 80}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}}

{\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(80,276);(80,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g25}{\bkmkend Pg25}\par\pard\ql \li854\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li854\sb1 95\sl-276\slmult0\tx1214 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs 22 b) \tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Principi ul rapsunderii personale\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - potrivit acestui principiu raspunderea juridica este strict legata de \par\pard\ql \li1214\sb4\sl-276\slmu lt0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 persoana care a savirsit fapta ilicita, intind erea raspunderii stabilinduse in functie de circumstantele \par\pard\ql \li854\r i245\sb4\sl-276\slmult0\fi360\tx1214\tx1214\tx1214 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 personale ale autorului faptei. Principiul raspunderii personale se afla in str insa corelatie cu principiul ca o \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 persoa na nu poate fi atrasa la raspundere pentru una si aceiasi infractiune de 2 ori. \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c) \up0 \expndt w-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Principiul justitiei echitabile \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - implica cerinta ca proportiuonarea pedepsei sa se faca in finctie de gravitatea \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 faptei adi ca individualizarea corecta si aplicarea adecvata a sanctiunilor prescrise de no rma de drept. \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 d) \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Principiiul prezum tiei vinovatiei\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - Presupune faptul ca orce persoana se considera a fi nevinovata pin ace \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 ins tanta nu se pronunta asupra vinovatiei persoanei. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276 \slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul 0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3. Conditiile raspunderii juridice. \par\pard\qj \li427 \ri912\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf 2\f3\fs24 Pentru ca raspunderea juridica in oricare din formele ei sa intervina este necesar sa fie indeplinite, in mod \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 cumultaiv urmatoarele conditii: \par\pard\qj \li787\ri501\sb0\sl-300\slmult0\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs 24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Conduita ilicita\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - prin conduita ilicita se intelege un comportament care consta in actiune sau i nactiune, si \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 care incalca conduita impus a ( prevederile unei norme de drept). \par\pard\ql \li787\sb0\sl-216\slmult0 \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\ fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Vinovatia\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - est e o alta conditie a raspunderii juridice si reprezinta atitudinea psihica a celu i ce comite o \par\pard\ql \li1148\sb29\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscale x100 fapta ilicita fata de fapta sa si de consecintele acesteea. \par\pard\qj \l i1148\ri362\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\fi175 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Vinovatia pre supune libertatea de vointa a subiectului in ceea ce priveste alegerea comportam entului pe \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 care doreste sa il urmeze astfel asumi ndusi riscurile incalcarii legii. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri693\sb0\sl-273\slmult0 \ up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Raspunderea juridica se exclude in cazul savirsirii unui fapt ilicit fara vinovatie. In textul legii sunt specificate \line \up0 \e xpndtw-2\charscalex100 expres imprejurarile care exclud raspunderea juridica pe temeiul lipsei discernamintului si a unei insuficiente \line \up0 \expndtw-2\cha rscalex100 experiente de viata (Minorii, Alienatii mintal, Ligitima aparare, sta rea de necesitate, constringerea fizica sau \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 morala). \par\pard\qj \li427\ri1426\sb0\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Alienatie mintala\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 este acea imprejurare care exclude vinovatia ca urmare a iresponsabilitatii pe rsoanei. \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Formele vinovatiei sunt: \par\pard\ql \li 787\ri280\sb0\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\no supersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24

\ul Intentia\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - atunci cind subiectul actioneaza elib erat (cu cunostinta de cauza) si atunci cind subiectul prevede \line\tab \up0 \e xpndtw-2\charscalex100 rezultatul faptei sale si in unele cazuri desi nu il acce pta el se poate produce. Intentia poate fi \line \tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex 100 directa/indirecta. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb1\sl-242\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\cha rscalex102 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosu persub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Culpa \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - poate fi: \par\pard\li 1193\sb52\sl-276\slmult0\fi0\tx1553 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersu b\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Cu previziune\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 (imprudenta) atunci cin dsubiectul pr evede rezultatul faptei sale dar nu-l accepta\par\pard\li1193\sb1\sl-251\slmult0 \fi360 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 considerind fara temei ca el nu se va produ ce.\par\pard\ql \li1193\sb7\sl-257\slmult0\tx1553 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf6\f7\fs24\ul Fara previziune\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 (neglijenta) atunci c ind nu prevede rezultatul faptei sale desi trebuia sa il prevada. \par\pard\ql \ li787\ri259\sb4\sl-280\slmult0\tx1148\tx1148 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\ nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs 24\ul Legatura de cauzalitate\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - intre fapta si rezul tat este o coditie obiectiva a raspuderii juridice. Astfel ca petru \line\tab \u p0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 un subiect sa fie atras la raspundere e necesar ca r ezultatul ilicit adica prejudiciul produs sa fie o consecinta \line\tab \up0 \ex pndtw-3\charscalex100 nemijlocita a actiunilor sale. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 4. Formele raspunderii juridice. \par\pard\ql \li787 \sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 1) \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 In functie de scopul urmarit prin declansarea rasp udnerii distingem: \par\pard\ql \li1193\sb28\sl-276\slmult0\tx1553 \up0 \expndtw -3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raspunderea cu caracter reparator (actiunea de a da sau a face in beneficiul in benificiul pagubitului, \par\pard\ql \li1553\sb1\sl -256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 echivalentul in bani sau readucerea b unului la starea sa initiala) \par\pard\li668\sb40\sl-276\slmult0\fi525\tx1553 \ up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\c harscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raspunderea cu caracter sanctionator (r epresiv). Obliga faptuitorul sa suporte consecintele punitive\par\pard\li668\sb1 \sl-251\slmult0\fi885 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 asupra persoanei sale daotra te pericolului social a faptei savirsite.\par\pard\li668\sb5\sl-276\slmult0\fi0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 Sanctiuni represive pot fi:\par\pard\li668\sb20\sl -276\slmult0\fi533\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\f s22 a)\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Patimoniale - amenda confiscare, penalitati de intirziere.\par\pard\li668\sb5\sl-276\slmult0 \fi533\tx1868 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\tab \ up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Nepatrimoniale- privare a de libertate, decaderi in drepturi parintesti, decaderea in functie,\par\pard\ ql \li1861\sb1\sl-255\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 decaderea in grade m ilitare, etc. \par\pard\ql \li1193\sb8\sl-276\slmult0\tx1553 \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raspundere penala reprezinta raportul juridic penal de co nstringere ca urmare a savirsirii infractiunii \par\pard\ql \li1553\sb1\sl-256\s lmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 intre stat pe de oparte si infractor pe de alta parte. Statul are dreptul de a trage la raspundere pe \par\pard\qj \li1553 \ri300\sb5\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 infractor de ai aplica s anciunea prevazuta p-u infractiunea savirsita, deasemenea statul este un drept d e \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 al constringe sa execute. \par\pard\ql \li1193\s b4\sl-276\slmult0\tx1553 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf4\f5\fs 22 -\tab \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raspunderea c ivila, cunoaste 2 forme: \par\pard\ql \li1553\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1 \charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raspu nderea civia dilectuala (obligatia de repararea prejudiciului cauzat). \par\pard

\ql \li1553\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3 \f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raspunderea civila contractuala (interv ine in situatia incalcarii unei obligatii contractuale. \par\pard\qj \li1553\ri7 75\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\tx1913 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f 4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Raspunderea contraventionala este atrasa in cazul comiterii unei fapte ce reprezinta un preicol \line\tab \up0 \expndtw-2 \charscalex100 social mai redus. {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft1211\shptop720\shpright4278\shpbottom996\shpfhdr0\shpbx page\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz16\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 3067}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(3067,276);(3067,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft1211\shptop1832\shpright3932\shpbottom2108\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz83\shplid1 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 2721}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(2721,276);(2721,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft3932\shptop2080\shpright4012\shpbottom2080\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz130\shplid2{\sp{\sn shapeType}{\ sv 20}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn line Width}{\sv 7902}} }} {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft1211\shptop2390\shpright4332\shpbottom2666\shpfhdr0\shp bxpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz166\shplid3 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 3121}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(1,276);(3121,276);(3121,0);(1,0);(1,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g26}{\bkmkend Pg26}\par\pard\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw3902\colsr160\c olno2\colw7698\colsr160\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-27 6\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li427\sb123\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 TEMA XI:\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \u p0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 1 Scoala dreptului natur al.\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 2 Scoa la istorica a dreputului.\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw4\charscalex100 3 Teorii sociologice ale dreptului.\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 4 Teoria normativista.\par\pard\ql \li 427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 5 Existentialismul juridi c.\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 6 Teori

a statului de drept.\par\pard\ql \li427\sb200\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\cha rscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 1. Scoala dreptului natural.\par\pard\col umn \ql \li4062\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li4062\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\ pard\ql \li4062\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li4062\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\ pard\ql \li20\sb123\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub \cf5\f6\fs24\ul Scoli si curente in gindirea juridica \par\pard\sect\sectd\sbkno ne \ql \li607\sb0\sl-272\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\c f2\f3\fs24 Dretpul fiind un proces de geneza si evolutie datorat unui complex de factori socio-istorici a generat multe \par\pard\ql \li427\ri422\sb6\sl-275\slm ult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 curente de gindire juridica si politica din c are au luat nastere o serie de scoli. Scoala dreptului natural sa cladit pe \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 teoriile dreptului natural aparute inca din antichitat e dar bine conturate in evul mediu si in perioada renasterii. \up0 \expndtw-2\ch arscalex100 Dreptul natural e considerat este conceput ca ceva mai presus de om si de societate care se impune ca u drept \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 pozitiv. Conceptia antica a dreptului natural vedea atit in drept cit si in stat un mijl oc al realizarii dreptatii si \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 echitatii. Dre ptul natural cuprinde 3 percepte fundamentale: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb5\sl-276\sl mult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex101 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\nosupersub \cf2\f3\fs24 Sa traiesti onest. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \e xpndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Sa nu prejudiciezi pe altcineva. \par\pard\ql \li787\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw0\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 c)\ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2 4 Sa dai fiecaruia ce este a lui. \par\pard\ql \li548\sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Ideea dreptului natural este pe larg vehiculata in evul mediu de catre parintii bisericii care insa ii dau o tenta \par\pard\qj \li427\ ri233\sb1\sl-280\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 religioasa. In epoca mode rna deja adeptii acestei teorii admit ca dreptul pozitiv trebuie intemeiat ca dr eptul natural, \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 dar deduc esenta acestuia din urma din ratiunea umana si nu din cea divina (bisericeasca). \par\pard\ql \li427\sb26 4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 2. Sc oala istorica a dreputului. \par\pard\ql \li427\ri301\sb5\sl-275\slmult0\fi180 \ up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Este denumita astfel du pa numele curentului adica istoricism juridic. Potrivit scolii istorice fiecare popor are un \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 spirit si un suflet al sau, care se o glindeste in morala, arta, limbaj, acestea fiind considerate produse spontane si \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 imediate ale spiritului popular. Scoala istorica sustine ca obiceliu are un rol important in crearea si definirea \line \up0 \exp ndtw-2\charscalex100 dreptului deoarece el trebuie utilizat si invocat atit timp cit va fi nevoie si atita timp cit il va cere realitatea sociala. \up0 \expndtw -2\charscalex100 Astfel scoala istorica a dreptului accentuiaza dimensiunea nati onala specifica a dreptului. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb205\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expn dtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 3. Teorii sociologice ale dreptu lui. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri539\sb9\sl-270\slmult0\fi180 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscal ex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Efortul teoretic in stiinta dreptului la un mo ment dat s-a orientat spre ideea ca acesta este pentru societate un \up0 \expndt w-2\charscalex100 instrument de armonizare a intereselor grupurilor si persoanel or animate de motivatii diferite. Teoria solidaritaii \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex 100 sociale admite impartirea dreptului in 2 categorii: \par\pard\ql \li787\sb6\ sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 a)\ul0\ nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Drept social\ul0\nosuper sub\cf2\f3\fs24 - care rezulta din viata sociala a oamenilor \par\pard\ql \li787 \sb4\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-1\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf3\f4\fs22 b) \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 \ul0\nosupersub\cf6\f7\fs24\ul Dreptul pozitiv\ul0 \nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 - acela care e elaborat de catre stat, si da o consacrar e juridica dreptului social. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql \li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\f s24 4. Teoria normativista. \par\pard\qj \li427\ri210\sb1\sl-280\slmult0\fi175 \ up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Teoria normativista est e legata de un curent mai larg si anume pozitivismul juridic. Teoria normativist

a sustine ca \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 esenta dreptului tine de ceea ce il d efineste nemijlocit (norma juridica). \par\pard\ql \li427\ri223\sb5\sl-275\slmul t0\fi175 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Teoria normativista sustine ca stiinta dr eptului este doar o ierarhie de relatii normative. Normele sunt apreciate in \up 0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 functie de cum sunt formulate in diferite acte juridi ce normative de cum s-au cristalizat ca obiceiuri juridice sau de \up0 \expndtw2\charscalex100 cum s-au formulat in practica judiciara. Desi priveste dreptul c a pe un fenomen izolat rupt de ansamblul \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 fen omenului social care interactioneaza, teoria normativista a obtinut unele rezult ate notabile in analiza laturei \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 formale a dreptulu i si in cercetare tehnicii juridice. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-276\slmult0 \par \pard\ql\li427\sb9\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\ cf1\f2\fs24 5. Existentialismul juridic. \par\pard\ql \li607\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 Dupa al doilea razboi mondial filozovia existentialista isi pune amprenta pe o parte a cercetarii juri dice. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb8\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 Exist entialismul pune accent pe lumea subiectivitatii inteleasa ca sursa a libertaii umane. O libertate privita insa ca {\shp {\*\shpinst\shpleft426\shptop5908\shpright1886\shpbottom6184\shpfhdr0\shpb xpage\shpbypage\shpwr3\shpwrk0\shpfblwtxt1\shpz120\shplid0 {\sp{\sn shapeType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipH}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fFlipV}{\sv 0}}{\sp{ \sn geoRight}{\sv 1460}}{\sp{\sn geoBottom}{\sv 276}} {\sp{\sn pVerticies}{\sv 8;5;(0,276);(1460,276);(1460,0);(0,0);(0,276)}} {\sp{\sn pSegmentInfo}{\sv 2;11;16384;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;1;45824;3276 8}} {\sp{\sn fFillOK}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fFilled}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fillColor}{\sv 65535} }{\sp{\sn fLine}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn lineType}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn fArrowheadsOK}{\sv 1} }{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn lineColor}{\sv 0}} }}\par\pard\sect\sectd\fs24\paperw11900\paperh16840\pard\sb0\sl-240{\bkmkstart P g27}{\bkmkend Pg27}\par\pard\ql \li427\sb0\sl-275\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\ri4 47\sb197\sl-275\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs2 4 o nedeterminare absoluta. In acest context dreptul este obligat sa asigure pro tectia indivizilor sau persoanelor sa \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 asigur e un minim de securitate sociala. Potrivit acestei teorii indivizii sunt liberi in cadrul statului dar fiecare \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 trebuie insa sa nu incalce liberatea celorlalti. Putem observa ca aceasta conceptie existenti alista in drept muta \line \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 accentul de pe continut ul reglementarilor juridice pe solutionarea cazurilor concrete de catre organele care aplica \line \up0 \expndtw-3\charscalex100 dreptul. \par\pard\ql \li427\sb 0\sl-276\slmult0 \par\pard\ql\li427\sb9\sl-276\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-4\charscale x100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf1\f2\fs24 6. Teoria statului de drept. \par\pard\ql \li60 7\sb1\sl-256\slmult0 \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 \ul0\nosupersub\cf2\f3\fs24 S ecolul al XIX s-a conturat tot mai mult ideea ca pentru intimpinarea abuzului de putere autoritatea statului \par\pard\ql \li427\ri239\sb9\sl-275\slmult0 \up0 \ expndtw-2\charscalex100 trebuie ingradita prin autoritatea dreptului. Teoria sta tului de drept este strins legata de teoria separatiei puterilor in \up0 \expndt w-2\charscalex100 stat si are virtutea de a garanta si proteja drepturile omului . Principiul esparatiei puterilor sia gasit o gindire in \up0 \expndtw-2\charsca lex100 operele lui Aristotel apoi a fost formulat sistematic in epoca moderna de catre John Locke si Montesquieu. Teoria \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 statului de drept desi astazi este vulnerabila ea preocupa si gindirea juridica actuala f iind chemata sa ofere solutii \up0 \expndtw-2\charscalex100 p-u dezvoltarea drep tului mai ales in statele care au renuntat la sistemul comunist. \par\pard\sect\ sectd\fs24}