Li ch ca mpls : Simplifying packet forwarding : Chuyn tip gi tin n gin : bi v vic quyt nh nh

tuyn c thc hin 1 ln ti cc bin (edge) ca mng, phn core c th gi thng tin nh tuyn 1 cch ti thiu. Do , lm gim s phc tp tng th ca mng ( v d BGP c th ch cn chy bin ca mng, nhng khng cn n trong phn core) Traffic Engineering: sp t lu lng : mpls cung cp cc cng c iu khin cc ng dn bi cc dng khc nhau. S dng cc tools, lu lng c th thay i trnh tc nghn trong mng. Delivering Quality of Service (QoS) and Differentiated Services: cung cp cht lng dch v : s dng mpls chio vic u tin lu lng truy cp v kim sot ng dn lu lng, nh cung cp dch v c th to ra mng li cung cp QoS, to iu kin cung cp dch v khc nhau cho khch hng, thc hin tt cc tha thun mc dch v cung cp. Network scalability: kh nng m rng mng : s dng nhn mpls to ra m rng, cc min mpls c th sp xp trong mt h thng phn cp, cung cp nhiu cp tru tng, do to ra s m rng, Supporting VPNs : h tr vpn (mng ring o) : bi v mpls cung cp ng hm ca cc gi tin t im vo n im ra, cc ng dng vpn tn dng kh nng ny d dng to ra. Lu : Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) : lp chuyn tip tng ng : l lp cc gi tin c th c chuyn tip theo mt cch tng t nhau ( tc l trn cng 1 ng). mt FEC khng phi l mt gi tin, m n l mt nhn. FEC l mt thc th logic c to ra bi cc b nh tuyn i din cho mt lp (phn mc - category) cho cc gi tin. Khi mt gi tin n router vo ca min mpls, router s phn tch header ca gi tin, v kim tra nu gi tin ph hp vi FEC c bit n (class). Khi FEC ph hp xc nh, dng dn v nhn ng ra s cho FEC c s dng chuyn tip gi tin. FECs thng c to ra da trn cc IP ch c bit ca tuyn ng(router), v th mi ch n khc nhau ca 1 router c th to ra mt FEC khc nhau, hoc nu mt router thc hin tp hp, n c th i din cho nhiu ch n vi mt FEC n ( v du : nu cc ch n c th truy cp thng qua cng m t next hop ngay lp tc theo mi cch.

Mpls khng phi l mt giao thc nh tuyn, Bi v vn thc t, mpls cn cung cp cc thng tin kh nng tm xa bi cc giao thc nh tuyn hin ti tnh ton ng dn m n s dng. mpls lm tng thm cc chc nng ca giao thc nh tuyn nhng khng thay th c chng. MPLS l mt khung cc chc nng, khng phi l giao thc. Cc khung kt hp cc khi nim, c ch, cc giao thc t c cc chc nng nng cao cng ngh lp 3 v lp 2. MPLS h tr nhiu giao thc Lp 3 (Ipv4, Ipv6, IPX) v Lp 2 (Ethernet, PPP, ATM, Frame Relay). VLL (Virtual Leased Line) l mt dng vpn lp 2 ca MPLS cung cp dch v ca nh cung cp. Dch v ny kt ni 2 thit b khch hng (Customer Edge CE) ti 2 v tr khc nhau, nh kiu n c mt ng dy thu bao truyn thng gia. TLS (Transparent LAN Services) :cung cp kt ni lp 2 n nhiu ngi dng cng 1 kiu.

VPLS (Virtual Private LAN Segment) : dch v tng t kt ni cc thit b CE qua 1 switch, v d nh cng qung b min/phn on LAN.

Phn chia IP : 1. ISP infratructure : Address block for router loop-back interface o (((out of one /23 o /32 per loopback Address block for infrastructure /22 o PoP (for large networks) o Whole Backbone ( for small to medium networks) o LANs o Point to Ponit links

2. Customer

Mi block phn b ti thiu l /21 ISP1 : 10.200.0.0/16 Phase One : 10.200.0.0/21 10.200.0.1 ->10.200.5.255 Customer assignments 10.200.6.255 <-10.200.6.1 Infrastructure Loobbacks [[//( c 255subnet) /24 (10.200.7.1 ->10.200.8.0/24)

Phase Two : 10.200.0.0/20 10.200.0.1 ->10.200.5.255 /24 Original assignments /24 | | || || 10.200.15.255

New Assignments

Domain ISP1 Customer1 Customer2 ISP2

Address range

Aggregate 10.200.0.0/16 10.200.0.0/20 10.200.16.0/21

Provider

Address Taken From

10.200.0.0 to 10.200.255.255 10.200.0.0 to 10.200.15.0 10.200.16.0 to 10.200.23.0