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NGHIÊN CỨU KHUẾCH ĐẠI RAMAN CƯỠNG BỨC ỨNG DỤNG TRONG KHUẾCH ĐẠI QUANG
NGHIÊN CỨU KHUẾCH ĐẠI RAMAN CƯỠNG BỨC ỨNG DỤNG TRONG KHUẾCH ĐẠI QUANG
A
24
r
: h s khuch i Raman trong si quang.
Nu chng ta b qua s hng th nht bn v phi ca phng trnh (2.1) (s
hng th hin s suy gim ca sng bm ), ta c.
(2.2)
26
Laser bm
h
E
3
E
2
Tn hiu
(
d
)
E
1
P P S P R
S
P P
S S S P R
S
P P P g
dz
dP
P P P g
dz
dP
P
P
eff
S eff
eff
R S S
L
L
L L
A
P
g P L P
) exp( 1
exp ) 0 ( ) (
0
,
_
A
eff
:tit din hiu dng cho s tng cng Raman.
L
eff
: Chiu di hiu dng i vi sng bm.
H s khuch i Raman i vi sng tn hiu:
(2.3)
Hiu ng tn x Raman cng bc khng nhng c u im v mt cng
m cn c u im v mt cu trc chm tia pht x. Nh hiu ng pht x cng bc
m cc photon pht x s cng pha v cng hng vi photon kch thch.
2.3 Khuch i quang Raman
2.3.1 Khuch i quang Raman.
Thit b khuch i quang Raman (Raman Optical Amplifier) s dng trong h
thng thng tin quang da trn nguyn l tn x Raman cng bc trong si quang vi
cc loi si c cu trc dn sng c bit (si DCF) hoc si pha tp Ge nng cao
(si nhy quang).
M hnh l thuyt gii thch hiu ng tn x Raman cng bc s dng trong
khuch i quang da trn h thng cc cp phng trnh vi phn m t s tin trin
ca cng sut ngun bm, cng sut pht x ngu nhin v cng sut tn hiu khuch
i dc theo trc si quang (trc z). Cc h phng trnh ny c th p dng cho kiu
bm mt hoc bm nhiu bc sng cho khuch i Raman, ng thi cng ch ra s
nh hng ca bm ti bm, bm ti tn hiu, tn hiu ti tn hiu v s nh hng
ca nhit ti bc x Raman t pht c khuch i (ASE)
,
,
1
,
,
1
( )
( )
( )
4 ( )
N
r j k
k
k j ASE j
j k
j efc p
N
r j k
k
k k i k
j k
j efc p
g
p p p
A k
g
p h T
A k
t t +
+
t
+
+ +
27
1
1
]
1
L
KA
P
L g G
S
eff
eff R
0
34 , 4
,
, ,
1
,
, ,
1
1
,
, ,
1
( )
( )
( )
4 ( )
( )
2 ( ) ( )
N
r j k
k
ASE k j ASE j
j k
j efc p
N
r j k
k
ASE k k i k
j k
j efc p
k
r j k
k j ASE j i k
j
efc p
g
P p p
A k
g
p h T
A k
g
h p p T
A k
+ t t
+
+
+
t +
+ +
+ +
(2.4)
Trong
k
P l cng sut ca bm hoc tn hiu gi tr k,
ASE,k
P
l cng sut
ca nhiu ASE dc theo hng lan truyn t , h l hng s Planck,
p
P
l phn cc
ca nh sng tn hiu, A
efc
l din tch hiu dng ca si quang, (T) l h s giam gi
phonon.
Vi vic la chon cc gi tr = 0.2 dB/Km; k
p
= 2; (300K) = 0.1226 v
A
efc
= 80 m
2
.Tnh c h s khuch i G
on/off
v ch s tp m.
(2.5)
Trong P
S
l cng sut tn hiu; P
ASE
l cng sut ASE thun; l bng thng;
l tn s ca tn hiu.
H s khuch i Raman thay i theo chnh lch bc sng gia tn hiu v
ngun bm c biu din bi hnh 2.5. H s khuch i Raman tng hu nh tuyn
tnh vi chnh lch bc sng gia tn hiu v ngun bm (wavelength offset) v
t gi tr nh ti 100 nm v gim nhanh chng sau .
28
Bng thng khuch i ny c th t t 45-50 nm tnh t h s khuch i
cc i.
Hnh 2.5. S ph thuc h s khuch i Raman theo chnh lch bc sng
gia tn hiu v ngun bm theo n v bc sng
2.3.2 li bng thng g
r
ca ph Raman trong si thy tinh Silica tinh khit v
trong si nhy quang , si b tn sc DCF
Qu trnh chuyn i nng lng gia ngun bm v Stokes c c trng bi
mt thng s c gi l h s li Raman
R
g
. Gi tr ny ph thuc ch yu vo
cu trc vt liu ca li si quang v thnh phn pha tp trong . th biu din
li bng thng i vi thy tinh silica tinh khit c mt vng chnh v nhiu vng nh
cc i xung quanh. Nu tnh n cc nh nh trong ph th h s li Raman t
bng thng rng n khong 40 Thz. H s li cc i gn nh l khng i trong
vng bng tn t 9Thz n 16 Thz. N c ngha l vng h s khuch i cao ny dch
chuyn xung quanh 13 Thz (ti bc sng 1550 nm th ng vi dch bc sng ln
cn khong
112 nm
). Gi tr h s li bng thng Raman cc i trong thy
tinh nguyn cht l
13
max
1.9 10 m/W
R
g
.
29
45- 50
Hnh 2.6. li bng thng Raman c chun ha ng vi dch
tn s tnh t tn s nh sng ngun bm
li bng thng Raman t l nghch vi bc sng ngun bm v ph thuc
vo trng thi phn cc ca sng. li ny i vi qu trnh phn cc song song
(nh sng ngun bm v nh sng tn hiu c cng cc) th cao hn nhiu so vi
trng hp phn cc trc giao (v d nh khi nh sng ngun bm phn cc trc giao
vi sng Stokes ).
Tuy nhin trong si quang th do hin tng lng chit m cc trng thi phn
cc ca ngun bm v sng Stokes thay i lin tc v nu si quang di th h s
khuch i Raman hiu dng l gi tr trung bnh ca cc h s khuch i song song
v trc giao.
Khi pha tp thm GeO
2
vo si quang Silica khi chit sut ca li si tng
ln. Vi vic pha GeO
2
s to ra si nhy quang hoc si b tn sc vi nng pha
GeO
2
khc nhau. Khi bm chm laser c bc sng thch hp vo 2 loi si ny,
chng ta nhn c nh ca li bng thng Raman cao hn, ng thi dch
bc sng cng ngn hn so vi si thy tinh Silica thun.
Chng ta nhn thy rng chnh lch gia chit sut li v v cng cao th thu
c nh li Raman cng ln. Trong si nhy quang v b tn sc c lch chit
sut t i ln hn so vi si thng khong mt bc (10 ln).
30
0
10 20 30 40
dch tn (THz)
li bng
thng Raman
c
chun ha
0
0.5
1.0
BW
Hnh 2.7. Phn b li Raman khi pha tp germanium vo si quang, khi c
bm bng ngun laser c bc sng 1.24 m.n = n
2
n
1,
trong n
2
, n
1
l chit sut
li v v ca si quang
2.3.3 M hnh ca b khuch i quang Raman
Cu trc tiu biu ca mt b khuch i Raman nh sau:
Tn hiu vo Isolater
Si nhy quang
hoc si DCF
Hnh 2.8. S b khuch i quang Raman in hnh
B khuch i quang Raman bao gm cc linh kin quang t v quang in t
sau:
- Ngun laser bm bn dn c cng sut cao (c th 1 hoc nhiu laser bn dn ghp
ni kiu cng cng sut) dng bm quang vo si to hiu ng Raman
t pht.
- Mi trng khuch i quang trn c s tn x Raman c th s dng si nhy quang
hoc si DCF c di thch hp.
31
i
R
a
m
a
n
Bc sng [m]
WDM
Laser bm
- Linh kin cch ly quang (Isolater)dng cho nh sng ch i theo mt chiu trong
si v ngn nh sng phn x chiu ngc vo mi trng khuh i
trnh gy nhiu cho b khuch i.
- Linh kin WDM dng kt hp ngun bm v tn hiu to hiu ng Raman
cng bc cng nh dng a tn hiu vo b khuch i.
C mt s cu hnh bm ph bin cho khuch i quang Raman nh: C th
dng cch bm ng hng tc l bm cng chiu vi chiu tn hiu. Cng c th
bm ngc hng tc l bm ngc vi hng truyn tn hiu. Ngoi ra cn cch
bm song cng tc l bm t c 2 hng. Mi cu hnh bm c nhng u nhc im
khc nhau.
Hnh 2.9. Cu hnh bm ng hng cho khuch i quang Raman phn b
Hnh 2.10. Cu hnh bm ngc hng cho khuch i quang Raman phn b.
2.3.3 Khuch i di rng ca khuch i Raman
Khuch i Raman vi mt ngun bm c bng thng vo khong 7THz (xp
x 60 nm). Ca s truyn qua ca si quang vo khong 400 nm(1200 nm ti 1600).
Khuch i bng thng rng do vy l rt ph hp.
S dng nhiu ngun bm,khuch i di rng vi li thng ging nh l
c th thit k c. Tuy nhin cn nh rng trong cu hnh nhiu ngun bm, c s
chuyn i nng lng gia cc ngun bm do hiu ng Raman.
32
Pump
Fiber
rr
Signal
Pump
pp
Coupler
Pump
Fiber
Isolator
rrr
Signal
2.4 nh hng ca tn x raman trong h thng WDM
Nu ch c mt knh truyn trong si quang, hiu ng Raman ch c th quan
st c nu nh cng sut ca knh truyn ln hn ngng nht nh. Do vy nu
nh mc ngng qu cao, hiu ng SRS s khng quan st c trong h thng n
knh
Mi chuyn s khc trong h thng WDM.Ti sng Stokes ban u khng
phi c sinh ra bi qu trnh t pht bi cc sng c tn s nh hn vn t c
trong h thng. Hn na cng sut u vo ca sng Stoke l ln hay nh nh cng
sut ca ngun bm(knh truyn m c bc sng ngn hn ng vai tr l ngun
bm cho knh truyn c bc sng di hn).
Vi nh li Raman dch chuyn xung quanh 13Thz,cc knh cch nhau
100nm s nh hng ln nhau mnh nht. Ni cch khc, cc knh t cc bng L, C
nh hng ln nhau nhiu hn. Tuy nhin, cc knh trong mt bng cng nh hng
ln nhau d cho mt mc nh hn.
Vi h thng DWDM ,tng tc Raman l v cng phc tp. Mi mt bc
sng va ng vai tr l mt ngun bm vi bc sng no di hn n, va ng vai
tr l sng Stoke vi bc sng ngn hn n. Do hin tng tn x Raman, mi knh
u nhn nng lng cng nh mt i nng lng. C mt s chuyn i cng sut t
cc knh c tn s cao hn n cc knh c tn s thp hn. Nu nh tt c cc knh
c cng cng sut nh nhau, th cui cng ta c ph nh sau:
Hnh 2.11. Cc knh trong WDM khng c tn x Raman
33
1530nm 1540nm
WDM Channels with out Raman Scattering
Hnh 2.12. Cc knh trong WDM khi c tn x Raman
S suy gim cng sut ca cc knh truyn l mt vn trong h thng WDM
khi m iu lm gim SNR v lm tng BER.
S suy gim cng sut ca mt knh c th tnh ton khi gi thit ph ca li
Raman t 0 n 15 Thz. Nu s suy gim cng sut chp nhn c ca mt knh l
1dB, ta c mi lin h cng sut-bng thng:
(nP)(n-1)f<500 (W-GHz) (2.6)
Vi n l s knh trong DWDM,P l cng sut ca knh, f l khong cch gia
cc knh.
Nu s lng cc knh l nh,cng sut ti a trn mt knh gim theo 1/n, nu
s lng knh l ln, cng sut gim theo 1/n
2
. Biu ca cng sut ti a trn mt
knh l mt hm ca s knh c ch ra theo hnh:
34
1530nm 1540nm
WDM Channels with Raman Scattering
Hnh 2.13. Cng sut ti a trn mt knh v s lng cc knh
Trong mt h thng truyn ti xa vi cc b khuch i c sp xp tun
hon, SNR do s xut hin ca tn x Raman c th tnh ton c. Nu s suy gim
ca SNR trong knh vi bc sng nh nht l 0,5 dB, s lng cc knh truyn n c
th c tnh theo cng thc:
15
8.7 10
( 1)
eff
n n
P f L
(2.7)
Vi L
eff
l chiu di tng tc hiu dng ca h thng vi b khuch i.
Nhiu cng sut ca h thng do khuch i:
0
2 ( 1)
sp
N m h n B G
(2.8)
Vi m l s b khuch i(m=L/L
A
, L l chiu di lin kt v L
A
khong cch
gia cc b khuch i), hv l nng lng photon,n
sp
l h s nhiu ca khuch i, B
0
l bng thng quang hc ca b thu, v G l h s khuch i ca mi b khuch i.
Nu SNR i hi l R, cng sut u vo trung bnh ca mi knh l:
0
2( ) ( 1) /
A sp
P L L h n B G R
(2.9)
35
1 10
100
1000
mW
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
Maximum power per channel vs Number of channels
offachacchannels ccccccchannels
n
mW
Nu nh s lng cc knh l ln, kh nng truyn ti c th nhn c:
14
1.8 10
2( ) ( 1) /
A
sp
eff
C
L L h n L G R
<
(2.10)
Vi gi thit khong cch gia cc knh gp 6 ln tc d liu v v bng
thng b lc 4 ln ln hn tc d liu.
Vi nhng chiu di lin kt vo khong vi nghn Km, kh nng truyn ti
<100Gbps ngay c vi h thng DWDM.
Cng thc trn y khng ng i vi trng hp c hiu ng tn sc hay
phn b tu tin ca cc bit l cc knh khc nhau. Mt s trng hp, kt qu nhn
c l rt km.
li Raman t c ln nht khi cc xung ca cc knh khc nhau xut hin trong
cng thi im.Trong h thng WDM, nu cc knh khc nhau l khng ng b, v
cc bt d liu phn b ngu nhin gia mc 0 v 1, cc mc 1 trong tt c cc knh
s khng xut hin cng lc, mc trung bnh ca mc 1 trong bt k knh no s xut
hin vi mc 1 cc knh khc. Tng tc Raman, do s b suy gim.
Hn na,do si quang l vt liu tn sc, do c s khc bit v vn tc nhm
trong cc knh khc nhau. Xung d liu ca cc knh khc nhau s xung tng ng
vi mi xung gim, iu lm gim tng tc Raman .
Chng 3 Kt qu v tho lun
3.1 Cc thit b v linh kin s dng
trong thc nghim
Ngun laser bm cng sut cao
36
Hnh 3.1. Ngun laser bm pht x trong vng 1420 -1480 nm cng sut n 200 mW
B ngun bm l mt laser bn dn c bc sng = 1420-1460 nm c cng
sut cc i l 200 mW, pht x n mt, nhit lm vic lun lun c t 25
0
C.
Laser c hn trn mch in t cung cp dng bm n 700 mA, chnh xc +/-
1%.
Laser bm pht x ti bc sng 1460 nm vi rng ph kh hp cho cng
sut pht x tng t n 22, 75 dBm (gn 200 mW) ti dng bm 660 mA.
37
Hnh 3.2. Ph pht x ca m-un laser bmkhi dng bm t 660
mA, nhit laser 25
0
C
My o ph quang (OSA)
Hnh 3.3. My o ph quang (OSA) vi bng tn t 600 nm n 1700 nm,
phn gii ph 0,01 nm
o ph pht x laser v ph tn x Raman xy ra trong si quang chng ti s
dng phn tch ph quang. Thit b o ph Advantest Q8384 l my phn tch ph
chuyn dng cho si quang s dng cch t nhiu x. Thit b Q8384 c phn gii
ph theo bc sng 10pm, chnh xc ca bc sng o 20pm, vng bc sng
hot ng t 600nm n 1700nm, vng cng sut quang o c t -87dBm n
23dBm (tng ng t 1 pW n 200 mW). S liu o c c ly ra bng a
mm 3.5 inch hoc th qua my in ni.
Si nhy quang (Photoensitive fiber)
Hnh 3.4. Si nhy quang vi nng pha tp Ge n 18 mol% s dng trong thc
nghim
38
Si nhy quang c nng pha tp Ge cao c ch to nhm mc ch s dng
trong mt s linh kin quang si c bit nh: cch t Bragg trong si quang(FBG), b
tr quang Cc nghin cu gn y cho thy si nhy quang s dng nng Ge pha
tp t 14 mol% tr ln c th dng to mi trng tn x Raman mnh cho b
khuch i Raman. Cn lu rng, cc b khuch i Raman ang s dng trn tuyn
thc t lun lun c cu trc si quang tiu chun + si quang c bit (DCF hoc
nhy quang), v vy chng ti cng tin hnh nghin cu theo cu trc ny.
B ghp a bc sng (WDM)
B ghp knh theo bc sng, cho php ghp cc bc sng trong khong 1420
nm - 1490 nm c s dng kho st cu hnh bm tn hiu v cc cu trc bm
a bc sng cho b khuch i ROA.
Hnh 3.5. B ghp knh theo
bc sng WDM 1480/1550 nm.
3.2 S thit lp cho thc nghim
S kho st hiu ng laser cng bc
Si nhy quang
Hnh 3.6. S kho st hiu ng Raman cng bc.
S kho st hiu ng Raman cng bc vi ngun tn hiu l laser n mt
v laser a mt c bn ging nhau. Qu trnh thc nghim kho st hiu ng tn x
Raman cng bc c thc hin nh sau:
39
WDM
Laser
tn
hiu
OSA
Laser
bm
Hn li ra ca 2 m-un laser tn hiu v laser bm vi 2 u vo ca b ghp
knh theo bc sng (WDM), u ra cn li ca b WDM c hn vi mt u ca
si nhy quang + si quang tiu chun SMF-28, u ra ca cun si oc hn vi
conector quang v ni vi thit b phn tch ph quang Advantest Q8384.
Thay i chiu di si quang vi chiu di tng dn t 14 km cho ti 28km vi
mi s thay i ca chiu di si quang, ph pht x qua si quang c ghi li bng
thit b phn tch ph.
3.3 Cc kt qu thc nghim v tho lun
3.3.1. Kt qu thc nghim
Kho st hiu ng Raman cng bc vi ngun tn hiu l Laser n mt.
B ngun tn hiu
Hnh 3.7. B ngun tn hiu quang laser n mt pht x ti bc sng 1552 nm
a)Ngun tn hiu l mt laser n mt.
Ngun tn hiu quang l mt laser DFB pht x n mt c bc sng 1552 nm.
Cng sut ca tn hiu quang qua khuch i EDFA c th t n 16.85 dBm (tng
ng ~ 50 mW). Ngun tn hiu quang vi cng sut quang thay i c t -6 dBm
n +17 dBm rt thch hp kho st hiu ng tn x Raman cng bc trong si
quang Tuy nhin ti cc vng sng chung quanh ph tn hiu c cc nh ph nh, v
vy cc ph ny c th nh hng n thng s tp m ca tn hiu khuch i.
40
Hnh 3.8. Ph pht x ca tn hiu quang t laser DFB c khuch i
H kho st s ph thuc cng sut ca ngun tn hiu c khuch i dc
theo si quang nh hiu ng tn x Raman cng bc theo s 3.10.Laser bm c
bc sng 1460 nm hot ng n nh 25
0
C, ngun tn hiu l laser n mt c nh
l 1552,9 nm, hot ng n nh 25
0
C. Tin hnh kho st th nghim ln lt vi
cc si quang c chiu di khc nhau theo th t:kho st laser tn hiu m khng c
laser bm , gi tr cng sut ca ngun tn hiu c ghi li, sau tin hnh kho st
laser tn hiu c ngun bm. Gi tr o c nh sau:
Bng 3.1. Kho st cng sut ti nh ca laser n mt
41
Bng thng khuch i:=0,580 nm.
D vo bng s liu ta c s ph thuc ca h s khuch i vo chiu di
si quang cng nh s thay i ca cng sut ra khi c v khng c laser bm.
42
Chiu di
si(km)
Cng sut tn hiu ra P
out
(dBm) H s
khuch i
G(dB)
Khng c laser bm C laser bm
10 -12,58 -12,14 0,44
14 -13,43 -12,97 0,46
18 -14,62 -14,15 0,47
20 -15,60 -15,01 0,59
24 -17,34 -16,64 0,7
26 -18,52 -17,70 0,82
28 -19 -18,42 0,58
Hnh 3.9. S ph thuc ca cng sut ra khi c v khng c laser bm
43
Hnh 3.10. H s khuch i khi c tn x Raman cng bc theo
chiu di si quang
Nhn vo th ta c th rt ra nhn xt :ngun tn hiu r rng l c khuch i
v h s khuch i ny c gi tr tng dn n 26 km n t gi tr ln nht nhng
h s khuch i G nh, khng t c gi tr ln nh mong i. iu ny c th
gii thch nh sau:
Khi cng sut quang ca Laser bm khng i, cc photon ca laser bm ch c
th truyn cho mt s lng phn t nht nh chng dao ng v to ra hiu
ng Raman cng bc. Khi tng chiu di si quang, ng thi gi nguyn gi tr
cng sut bm, tc l chng ta tng s lng cc phn t trong mi trng tn
x trong khi khng tng nng lng kch thch, do vy m cng ca tn x
Raman cng bc gim xung dn n h s khuch i gim. Mt khc do hiu
ng tn x Raman cng bc yu cu ngun bm cng sut cao th mi t c
gi tr ti u trong khi ngun laser bm ti a ch t 200mW vn l nh c th
t gi tr G cao hn. Mt im quan trng khc l tn x Raman cng bc s
xy ra mnh nht vi =80-100nm, do vy kho st vi laser n mt s c hin
tng chnh bc sng gia bc sng c khuch i vi bc sng cn c
khuch i. iu ny c th gim thiu bng cch kho st vi ngun tn hiu l
laser a mt phn di y.
Kho st hiu ng tn x Raman cng bc vi ngun tn hiu l mt laser a mt.
b)Ngun tn hiu l mt laser a mt.
Ngun tn hiu l mt laser a mt, trong cc mt chnh c kho st c
nh l 1542,28 nm;1546,6 nm;1545,52 nm. Laser a mt c dng nui ti a l ti 30
mA ,ngng pht l 9,7 mA v c tin hnh th nghim trong iu kin nhit n
nh l 25
0
C.
44
Hnh 3.11. B ngun tn hiu l laser a mt v ph ca n
Cu hnh kho st,cch tin hnh ging nh kho st hiu ng tn x Raman
cng bc vi ngun tn hiu l laser a mt,ch khc mt iu l ngun tn hiu l
laser a mt. Kt qu kho st thu c c trnh by di y:
Kho st tn hiu khi qua si quang vi cc chiu di khc nhau ta ln lt thu
c ph ca ngun tn hiu c khuch i bi ngun bm nh sau
(a) (b)
45
(c) (d)
(e)
Hnh 3.12 Ph ca tn hiu ti cc chiu di khc nhau:
a)14 Km ; b)16 Km ; c) 22 Km; d)26 Km; e)28 Km
Kt qu kho st ti mt s nh nh sau:
Bng 3.2. Kho st cng sut ti 3 nh ca laser a mt
Chiu
di
si
quang
(km)
Cngsut(dBm)
ti 1542,28 nm
Cng sut (dBm)
ti 1545,52 nm
G
(dB)
Cng sut (dBm)
ti 1546,6 nm
Khng c
laser bm
C laser
bm
Khng c
laser bm
C laser
bm
Khng c
laser bm
C laser
bm
14 -25,57 -16,51 -11,71 -9,82 1,89 -22,65 -22,44
16 -21,60 -20,8 -15,69 -14,86 0,83 -37,92 -35,15
18 -25,84 -21,32 -15,23 -14,34 0,89 -33,99 -33,27
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22 -25,63 -25,15 -19,89 -18,88 1,01 -34,35 -32,56
26 -25,53 -25,48 -21,36 -20,17 1,19 -35,53 -32,99
28 -36,97 -36,49 -30,35 -30,15 0,20 -36,93 -36,38
Nhn xt:ti c ba nh ta u nhn thy hin tng khuch i khi c s xut
hin ca sng bm. Xt c th ti bc sng 1545,52 nm, ta c th biu din s ph
thuc ca h s khuch i theo chiu di si quang nh sau:
Hnh 3.13. H s khuch i G thay i theo chiu di si quang.
Ta thy h s khuch i G tng dn khi si quang c chiu di thay i t 16
km n 26 km, khi si quang c chiu di 26 km th G t gi tr ln nht sau n
gim dn khi chiu di si quang tip tc tng, nguyn nhn v c bn l ging vi
trng hp ngun tn hiu l laser n mt, nhng i vi ring trng hp laser a
mt ta trnh c hin tng chnh bc sng. Mt khc, khi ngun tn hiu l laser
a mt th cc mt c bc sng nh hn cng ng vai tr l ngun bm (sng
Stokes), do h s khuch i s ln hn i vi trng hp l laser n mt
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Kt lun
Tm li ,nhng kt qu ni bt m chng ti thu c khi tin hnh kho st
ph tn x Raman trn si quang l nh sau:
Trong trng hp ngun tn hiu l laser n mt hay a mt, ph tn x Raman
trong si quang silica pha tp Ge nng cao u dch v pha sng di so vi bc
sng bm l 80-100 nm. Tuy nhin h s khuch i thu c ti
mt s mt xc nh ca laser a mt l tt hn rt nhiu so vi trng hp ca laser
n mt do hin tng chnh bc sng gia tn hiu c khuch i v tn hiu
c nghin cu.
Cng tn x Raman trong si ph thuc vo chiu di ca si quang, i vi
ngun bm bc sng 1460 nm c cng sut 200 mW chiu di si quang 26 km cho
h s khuch i l ln nht.
Trn c s nhng kt qu thc nghim thu c ti xut hng pht trin
ca ti nh sau:
Tin hnh kho st s ph thuc cng sut vo ngun bm cc si nhy quang
khc vi chiu di ln hn na: 40 km, 50 km hoc hn na.
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Nng cng sut bm ln n bc 1 watt v kho st hiu ng Raman vi cng
sut bm ln.
Ghp thm tn hiu vo thng qua WDM kho st hiu ng Raman cng bc
ng thi kho st h s khuch i tn hiu cng nh ch s nhiu.
Trn c s nhng kt qu thu c ch to th nghim b khuch i quang si
Raman.
Ti liu tham kho
Ting Vit
[1] Vn Vit Em K thut thng tin quang 2.
[2] PGS.TS Phm Vn Hi Gio trnh thng tin quang si.
[3] PGS.TS V Don Min C s thng tin quang si ,2001.
Ting Anh
[1] A.M. Rocha, B. Neto, M. Facao, P.S. Andre, Low cost incoherent pump
solution for Raman fiber amplifier, J.Opt. Applicata, v.XXXIX, No.2, pp.
287-293 (2009)
[2] P.C.Beker, N.A.Olssonm, J.R.Simpson Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers:
Fundamentals and Technology, Academic Press, 1998.
[3] Govind P.Agrawal Fiber Optics Communication Systems Rochester, NY
1997.
[4] S.A. Varshney, K. Saitoh, M. Koshiba, P.J. Roberts, Analysis of a realistic
and idealized dispersion compensating photonic crystal fiber Raman
amplifier, Opt. Fiber Techno., 13, pp. 174-179, (2007).
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