S GIO DC V O TO

BN TRE
thi c 2 trang

THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 12

TRUNG HC PH THNG CP TNH NM HC 2009-2010
Mn: HO HC
Thi gian:180 pht (khng k pht )

Cu 1: ( 2,5 im) Ha tan m gam kim loi R trong dung dch HCl d thu c dung dch A v 1,12
lt H2 (ktc). X l A iu kin thch hp thu c 9,95 gam mui B duy nht. Thm t t KOH d
vo dung dch A ri lc kt ta em nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c ( m +
1,2) gam cht rn D. em ha tan lng D ny trong dung dch H2SO4 long, va , c dung dch
E. X l E iu kin thch hp thu c 14,05 gam mui G duy nht. Xc nh R, B v G.
Cu 2: ( 2,0 im)Ch c dng thm mt thuc th, hy phn bit 5 l mt nhn cha cc cht kh
ring bit sau : HCl, NH3, H2S, C2H2, SO2.
Cu 3: ( 3,0 im)Hp cht hu c A mch h, phn ng c vi kim nng; ch to CO2 v hi
H2O khi t chy trong khng kh. T khi hi ca A so vi metan l 5,375.
a. Xc nh cng thc phn t v vit cc cng thc cu to ph hp ca A.
b. un nh 0,01 mol A trong dung dch H2SO4 long, sau phn ng dng NaOH trung ha
lng axit d ri thc hin phn ng trng gng thu c hn 4,5 gam Ag. Lp lun tm cng
thc cu to ng v gi tn A.
Cu 4: ( 1,5 im)T tinh bt v cc cht v c khc, hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng iu ch
etilenglicol oxalat (C4H4O4).
Cu 5: ( 3,0 im)Hn hp A gm FeCO3 v FeS2. Ha tan ht 3,57 gam A trong V lt dung dch
HNO3 1,2M thu c dung dch B cha 1 cht tan duy nht v x lt hn hp D (ha nu ngoi khng
kh) cha hai kh . Tnh thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca mi cht trong A v tm gi tr V, x.
Cu 6: ( 2,5 im)Hp cht hu c X (cha C,H,O) c t khi so vi nit oxit l 3. Ha tan 1,8 gam
X vo dung mi tr ri cho tc dng vi kali d thu c 448 ml hidro (ktc). Xc nh cng thc
phn t v vit cng thc cu to ca cc cht mch h ph hp vi X.
Cu 7: ( 3,0 im)Hn hp A gm 3 oxit ca st. Dung dch B cha hn hp HCl v H2SO4. Ha tan
ht 3,92 gam A trong dung dch H2SO4 long va thu c dung dch C. Mt khc, ha tan ht
3,92 gam A phi cn t nht l 70 ml dung dch B, sau phn ng c dung dch D. C cn cc dung
dch C, D thu c khi lng mui khan ln lt l 9,52 gam v 8,645 gam.
a. Tnh thnh phn phn trm khi lng mi nguyn t trong A.
b. Tnh nng mol ca mi axit trong B.
Cu 8: ( 2,5 im)
Vit cc phng trnh phn ng thc hin chui bin ha sau :
X Y Z T

A B D M X
Bit X l nguyn t c tng s ht trong nguyn t l 40; Y, Z, T, M u l cc hp cht ca X.

Cho : H=1; C=12; N=14; O=16; P=31; S=32; Cl=35,5; Na=23; Mg=24; Al=27; K=39;
Ca=40; Fe=56; Zn=65; Ag=108; Ba=137
____________HT_____________
1

S GIO DC V O TO
BN TRE
HNG DN CHM
THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 12 TRUNG HC PH THNG CP TNH
Nm hc 2009-2010
Mn: HO HC

Cu

Ni dung
R + 2nHCl RCln +n/2 H2
KOH + HCl KCl + H2O
RCln+ nKOH R(OH)n + n KCl
2R(OH)n +(m-n)/2 O2 R2Om+ nH2O
R2Om+ mH2SO4 R2(SO4)m+ m H2O
ne(H2 ) = 2x 0,05 = 0,1 mol
ne(O ) =2x1,2/16 = 0,15 mol>0,1
R c s thay i s oxi ho : m>n
Chn gi tr ph hp : n=2, m=3
R2(SO4)3 . a H2O 2RCl2 2H2
14,05 = 0,025(2R + 288 + 18a)
Lp bng gi tr, nhn a = 9, R= 56
R l Fe, G : Fe2(SO4)3 . 9H2O
RCl2 H2
B : RCl2 . bH2O
9,95 = 0,05 (R + 71 + 18b)
Th R=56, b =4. B: FeCl2 . 4H2O
NH3

im
chi tit
0,125
0,125
0,125
0,25
0,125

nc
Br2

thot
kh
khng
mu,
khng
mi

0,25
0,25

0,5
0,25
0,25

to cht
lng
phn
lp

SO2
Dung
dch
trong
sut
ng
nht

HCl
nc
Brom
khng
nht
mu
1,0

2NH3+ Br2 N2 + 6HBr

H2S + Br2 S + 2HBr
C2H2+ Br2 C2H2Br4
SO2+ Br2 + H2O 2HBr +H2SO4

4x0,25

a) CTTQ: CxHyOz (z 1)
MA : 12x + y + 16z = 5,375 x 16 = 86
12x + y = 86 - 16z

0,25

z
12x + y

1
70

2
54

2,5

0,25

H2S
C2H2
nc Brom nht mu
c
vng

im
chung

3
38

4
22

2,0

3,0
2

x
1
CTPT

5
10
C5H10O

4
6
C4H6O2

3
2
C3H2O3

1
10
loi

0,5

A phn ng vi kim nn A c th l phenol (x 6) , axit hoc 0,25

este. Do vy, ch c C4H6O2 l CTPT ph hp.
Cc CTCT:
HCOOCH=CH CH3 (1) ; HCOOCH2CH=CH2 (2) ;
HCOOC(CH3)=CH2 (3) ; CH3COOCH=CH2 (4) ;
8x0,125
CH2=CHCOOCH3 (5) ; CH3CH=CH2COOH (6)
CH2=CHCH2COOH (7) ; CH2=C(CH3)COOH (8)

b) Sau phn ng thu phn, sn phm c kh nng tham gia phn ng

trng gng nn A l 1 trong cc este 1,2,3,
Este 2,3,4 :
HCOOR + H2O HCOOH + ROH
CH3COOCH=CH2 + H2O CH3COOH + CH3CHO
HCOOH + 2 AgNO3 + 4NH3 + H2O (NH4) 2CO3 + 2NH4NO3 +
2Ag
CH3CHO + 2 AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O CH3COO NH4+ 2NH4NO3 +
2Ag
nAg = 2nA = 0,02 mol
0,5
mAg = 0,02x108 = 2,16 gam <4,2 gam (loi)
Este 1 :
HCOOCH=CHCH3+ H2O HCOOH + CH3CH2CHO
HCOOH 2Ag
CH3CH2CHO 2Ag

mAg (max) = 0,02x2x108 = 4,32 (g)

0,25
Ta c : 2,16<mAg() < 4,32
Kt qu ny hon ton ph hp vi A : HCOOCH=CHCH3 0,25
(propenyl fomat)

H+
(C6H10O5)n + nH2O
nC6H12O6
enzim
C6H12O6
2C2H5OH + 2CO2
o
2C2H5OH XT, t
CH2=CH2 + H2O
6x0,25
3CH2=CH2 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O 3(CH2OH)2 + 2KOH + 2MnO2
xc tc
(CH2OH)2 + 2O2
(COOH)2 + 2H2O
(COOH)2 + (CH2OH)2 H2SO4 , to (COO)2(CH2)2 + 2H2O
D: CO2 , NO ; cht tan: Fe2 (SO4)3

3FeCO3 + 10H+ + NO3- 3Fe3+ + 5H2O + CO2 + NO

FeS2 + 4H+ + 5NO3
Fe3+ + 2SO42- + 5NO + 2H2O

Gi x, y l s mol ca FeCO3 v FeS2

mA : 116x +120y = 3,57
(I)
p dng nh lut bo ton nguyn t (thnh phn khng i)
cho Fe, S:
Fe: x + y = 2.nFe2(SO4) 3
(1)
S: 2y
= 3.nFe2(SO4) 3
(2)
(1, 2) y = 3x
(II)
(I, II) : x = 0,0075 mol ; y = 0,0225 mol

1,5

0,25
0,25
0,25

3,0
0,25
0,25
0,25
3

0,125
0,125

%m FeCO3 = 116.100/3,57 = 24,37%

%m FeS2 = 100 24,37 = 75,63%
Tng t, p dng cho C v N
Bo ton e: x.1 + y.15 = nNO.3

0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25

nNO = 0,115 mol

N: nHNO3 = nNO = 0,115 mol
V
= 0,115/1,2 =0,0958 (lt)
C: nCO2 = nFeCO3 = 0,0075 mol
x
= 22,4(nNO + nCO2) = 2,744 (lt)

0,25

MX : 12x + y + 16z = 3 x 30
12x + y = 90 - 16z
z

1
12x + y
74
x
6
y
2
X
C6H2O

2
58
4
10
C4H10O2

S H linh ng = 2nH2 : nX
= 0,04 : 0,02
=2
loi C6H2O
* C4H10O2 :
CH2OHCHOHCH2CH3
CH2OHCH2CHOHCH3
CH2OHCH2CH2CH2OH
CH3CHOHCHOHCH3
(CH3)2C(OH)CH2OH
CH2OHCH(CH3)CH2OH
* C3H6O3 :
CH2OHCH2COOH
CH3CHOHCOOH
CH3OCH2COOH
CH2OHCOCH2OH
CH2OHCHOHCHO
* C2H2O4:
(COOH)2
FeO + 2H+ Fe2+ + H2O
Fe2O3+ 6H+ 2Fe3+ + 3H2O
Fe3O4+ 8H+ 2Fe3+ + Fe2+ + 4H2O

3
42
3
6
C3H6O3

a/ nO = (9,52 3,92)/(96-16) = 0,07 mol

%mO = 0,07x16x100:3,92 = 28,57%
%mFe = 100 28,57 = 72,43%
b/ Gi C1, C2 l nng mol ca HCl v H2SO4
mFe : 3,92 0,07x16 = 2,8 (g)
mui : 2,8 + 0,07(35,5 C1 + 96 C2) = 8,645

4
26
2
2
C2H2O4

5
10
<1
loi
0,5

0,25

0,75

2,5

0,5
0,5
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
4

 35,5 C1 + 96 C2 = 83,5 (1)

+
nH = 2 nO
0,07 (C1 + 2C2 ) = 0,14
C1 + 2C2
= 2 (2)
(1,2) : C1 = 1,0M ; C2= 0,5M

P + N + E = 40
P+E
2P + N = 40 (1)
1 N/P 1,5 (2)
(1,2) : nhn nghim ph hp P = 13; X : Al
2Al + 3 H2SO4
Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2
(X)
(Y)
Al2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2
2AlCl3+ 3BaSO4
(Z)
AlCl3+ 3NaOH
Al(OH)3 + 3 NaCl
(T)
2Al(OH)3
Al2O3 + 3 H2O
t0
(M)
2Al2O3
pnc 4Al + 3 O2
(X)
Fe + 2 AgNO3
Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag
(B)
t0
4 Fe(NO3)2
2 Fe2O3 + 8NO2 + O2
(D)
4Al + 3 O2
t0
2Al2O3

3,0
0,25
0,5

0,25
2,5

9 x 0,25

Ghi ch : Hc sinh gii bng cch khc vn hng trn s im