ISC 27.100 P 61 Record No.

: J2242003

DL
DL T51752003

ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY PROFESSIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA P

Technical Rule for Designing Instrumentation and Control (Control system) of Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Sponsored on January 9, 2003

Implemented on June 1, 2003

Sponsored by State Economic and Trade Commission of the Peoples Republic of China

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Contents
Foreword ......................................................................................................... II 1 Scope ............................................................................................................ 1 2. Normative References ............................................................................ 2 3 General Provisions ................................................................................... 3 4 General Requirements ............................................................................. 4 5 Modulating Control ................................................................................... 7 5.1 Function of Modulating Control ......................................................... 7 5.2 Item of Modulating Control System ................................................ 10 5.3 Remote Operation of Modulating Control ..................................... 14 6. On-off Control ......................................................................................... 15 6.1 Function of On-off Control ................................................................ 15 6.2 Sequential Control ............................................................................... 15 6.3 Interlock .................................................................................................. 16 6.4 Remote Control .................................................................................... 19 7 Selection of Equipment ......................................................................... 21 7.1 General Requirements ........................................................................ 21 7.2 Selection of Conventional Equipment ............................................ 21 Appendix A (Normative)Explanation of Wording in the Code......... 22

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Foreword
This Rule is a supplement and an embodiment to the contents of Thermodynamic automation specified in DL50002000 Technical Regulation for Designing Fossil Fuel Power Plants. When control system is designed, the Technical Regulation for Designing Fossil Fuel Power Plants, and the current relevant national standard as well as professional standard shall be implemented, and the requirements of this Rule shall be also satisfied. This Rule is the revision to the relevant parts of NDGJ161989. This Rule, from the date of its implementation, shall supersede the relevant parts of NGGJ161989. Appendix A of this rule is regarded as a normative appendix. This rule is proposed and managed by Electric Power Industry Power Planning and Design Standardization Technical Committee. Drafting organization of this rule is Northeast Electric Power Design Institute. The drafters of this rule are Wei Shouxin, Wang Shuchang and Shi Yongfang. Northeast Electric Power Design Institute is responsible for the interpretation of this rule. .

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1 Scope
This Rule sets forth design methods and principles that shall be followed by control system of fossil fuel power plants in the fields of modulating control system, on-off control system, and selection of equipment, etc. This Rule is applicable to the designing for thermodynamic control system of 125MW~600MW condensing power unit of new or extention power plants, and cogeneration units with high temperature, high pressure and above parameters. The renovation project of power plants installed with the units mentioned above may refer to this Rule for use. The oversea project may also refer to this Rule for use with consideration of the conditions of the country where the supplier or the buyer located.

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2. Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of DL/T5174-2003. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revision of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of DL/T5174-2003 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. DL 5000Technical Regulation for Designing Fossil Fuel Power Plants DL/T 701Terminology of Thermodynamic Automation of Fossil Fuel Power Plants

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3 General Provisions
3.0.1 This Rule is hereby formulated for purpose of embodying, in the process of Instrumentation and Control designing of fossil fuel power plants (hereinafter referred to as power plants), state economic and technical policies, unifying and clarifying construction standards, ensuring Instrumentation and Control of power plants advanced in technology, economy and rationality, and enabling DL 5000 to be properly implemented. 3.0.2 Since the control system design is an important part of the Instrumentation and Control design of power plants, the design must aim at units characteristics, and equipment as well as components with advanced technology and reliable quality shall be selected. A new product and a new technology can be available in design only upon successful tests. The products imported from abroad shall be also advanced in technology, and successful in application. 3.0.3 The standard design, typical design, general design, and reference design subjected to approval shall be positively applied in the design of control system of power plants. 3.0.4 This Rule is a supplement and an embodiment to the specification about automation of DL 5000. When control system is designed, DL 5000 and the current relevant national standard as well as professional standard shall be implemented, and the requirements of this Rule shall also be satisfied.

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4 General Requirements
4.0.1 The control system design shall be determined in accordance with project characteristics, unit capacity, process system, and controllability of main and auxiliary equipment, as well as the degree of automation. 4.0.2 When control system is designed, the principle of ensuring relatively sound availability and economical efficiency of units shall be followed under the premise of ensuring the security of both equipment and personnel. 4.0.3 The units under centralized control shall have relatively high degree of automation. In the central control room, the operators should be able to control the start/stop operation, monitor the normal operation and handle abnormal and emergency conditions with assistant of a few operations and patrols. As for a control room, an operator station shall be selected as a mornitor and control center,so that the centralized control for boiler,turbine and generator will be implemented. 4.0.4 Control loops shall be designed on the principle of giving protection and interlock control priority to ensure the security of equipment and personnel. When control loops are designed, the following requirements shall be compiled with: 1. The control system shall satisfy the requirements of safety and reliability, reliable operation, and convenient maintenance. 2. When modulating control system, sequential control, protection and interlock, and separate operation jointly acts on the same object, as for control instruction priority, protection and interlock shall be given a top priority, separate operation shall be given the secondary priority, and modulating control system as well as sequential control shall be given the lowest priority. 3. When the same on-off signal is employed jointly by modulating control system , sequential control, protection and interlock control, the signal shall be firstly put in the protection loop with the highest priority, i.e. the priority (or distribution sequence) that on-off signals connected into several loops shall be highest for protection and interlock, the lowest for modulating and sequential control. 4. When the same analog signal is jointly used in the control loop, the analog signal shall be firstly access the modulating control loop. 4.0.5 As for the modulating control system, the parameters capable of
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directly reflecting the progress quality requirements should be employed as the controlled variables. When there is a difficulty or a big delay in measuring such parameters, the indirect parameters corresponding to the above parameters in single values may be taken as the regulated variables. 4.0.6 The items and strategies of modulating control system shall be determined in accordance with unit characteristics, requirements of process for control quality, and dynamic performance of objects, based on simplicity, reliability, and applicability, able to adapt to requirements of safe and economical operation during startup, shutdown, and intermediate load operation of unit. 4.0.7 The unit controlled by distributed control system can be designed on the principle of distribution and hierarchical structure. Modulating control system can fall into three levels as follows: 1. Coordinated control level; 2. Sub-loop control level; 3. Execution level. The on-off control system can also fall into three levels as follows: 1. Function group level; 2. Sub-function group level; 3. Driver level. 4.0.8 The configuration of control station can be divided by function and also by functional area of process system. When configuration is planned, the engineering management of project and philosophy of operation and management for power plant, as well as structural characteristics of distributed control system shall be taken into account. The division of control stations shall meet requirements of on-site operation. 4.0.9 The control task shall be allocated on the principle that faults of one part (controller module, input/output module) has a minimum influence on system function. When controllers are configured by the functional area of process system, the whole control task of a specific process system control item should be completed in the same controller. When a control station is configured by function, in case the feed forward signal of one modulating control system loop is from another controller, the delay shall not be caused during system transmission. 4.0.10 The redundancy of controller modules and input/output modules (I/O modules) shall be determined according to structural characteristics of distributed control system of different manufacturers, and importance of
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controlled objects. 1. As for the conditions that controller modules connecting to multiple I/O modules through internal buses, controller modules available to complete the tasks of data acquisition, modulating control, on-off control system, and furnace safeguard supervisory task shall be redundantly configured (as for the modulating control system without hardware backup manual/automatic operating means, the important input signals of furnace safety supervisory control system, from different input moduls shall be adopted). 2. As for the conditions that in-house controller modules have interfaces between control output and relevant signal input, and communicate with other input modules through buses, the controller modules available to complete the tasks of modulating control and furnace safety supervisory control, and the modules available to complete the task of important signal input shall be redundantly configured. 4.0.11 The modules inside cabinet shall be able to be blugged in and out with power on and without affecting the normal operation of other modules. The kinds and specifications of modules shall be standardized where possible. 4.0.12 Under the conditions of configuring redundant controllers, if the operating controller fail, the system shall be switched to the standby controller automatically for operation, and give an alarm on the operator station. The standby controllers shall constantly update their own information based on the status of operating controllers. 4.0.13 The switching time and data updating period of redundant controllers shall avoid control disturbance or control delay of system arising from controller switching.

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5 Modulating Control
5.1 Function of Modulating Control 5.1.1 As for modulating control system, the control requirements of normal unit operation shall be met, and the coordinated control with the relevant interlock and protection in case of unit accidents and abnormal operating conditions shall be taken into account. Under conditions of relatively good controllability of main and auxiliary equipment, the full-range control can be realized in the partial modulating control loops. As for 125MW and above units, the full-range feed water control should be considered. If the full-range control is employed, the boiler feed water control valve with control performance meeting corresponding requirements shall be selected. 5.1.2 As for the modulating control system of 300MW and above units, control requirements of start-up, shutdown, and normal operation of units shall be satisfied, and the coordinated control with the relevant protection and interlock in case of units accidents and abnormal operating condition shall be taken into account. 5.1.3 125MW and above units shall be provided with Electro-Hydraulic Control (EHC) of steam turbine, which shall, at any rate, have such functions as control function of power and frequency, automatic raising speed function, shutdown, etc. If there is a reliable interface between steam turbine control system and coordinated control system when modulating control system of units is required by electric grid to receive automatic dispatch demand signal, 300MW and above unit plant should also be provided with supervisory function of steam turbine thermal stress. 5.1.4 The coordinated control system of turbine and boiler shall be capable of concordantly controlling both boiler and steam turbine, promptly responding to load command, and stably controlling steam turbine and boiler, with several kinds of control modes available as follows: Coordinated control of turbine and boiler; Turbine-follow control; Boiler-follow control; Manual control. 5.1.5 Modulating control system of unit shall meet requirements of sliding
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pressure operation. Within the variable range from minimum coal-fired load without firing oil to 100% MCR load, the controlled parameters shall meet requirements of relevant acceptance standard. 5.1.6 The switching among various control modes in the coordinated control system of turbines and boilers shall be configured with switching logic, and shall have bidirection switching function without disturbance. The controlled objects or control items shall be configured with manual/automatic operating means and relevant state display, and shall have bidirection switching function without disturbance. 5.1.7 When distributed control system is employed, the software manual/automatic operation functions shall be implemented on the operator station. 5.1.8 The coordinated control system shall coordinate with the Electro-Hydraulic Control (EHC) of steam turbine. The coordinated control system shall, according to unit load command, send instructions about steam turbine power or control valve position of steam turbine. The Electro-Hydraulic Control (EHC) of steam turbine shall have the performance of directly responding to system frequency variation. When modulation of steam turbine control valve is limited by a certain reason, the coordinated control system shall be capable of automatically switching to the proper operation mode in order to prevent process parameters from deviating from the normal range. 5.1.9 Boiler control system, composed of several subsystems, shall enable the coordinated operation of such subsystems within full-load range under boiler operation. The control strategies of subsystems should be with feed forward performance to enable sensitive, safe, rapid, and stable operation of the boiler. 5.1.10 The pressure control of boiler furnace shall control the blade (inlet damper) position of induced draft fan to maintain boiler furnace pressure at setting values. 300MW and above units should employ air flow signal as feed forward signal for leading change, to minimize the pressure fluctuation of boiler furnace. The directional block should be set for the pressure control. In case of low boiler furnace pressure, the blade (or inlet damper) opening of inducted draft fan shall be blocked to prevent the further increase of the opening; in case of high boiler furnace pressure, the blade (or inlet damper) opening of inducted draft fan shall be blocked to prevent the further decrease of the opening. When main fuel trip (MFT) occurs, and air flow
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exceeds 30%, the opening (or inlet damper) of induced draft fan shall, according to the override signal of pressure, be rapidly reduced, until normal pressure control is resumed. 5.1.11 Air flow control system can control air quantity by controlling the blade (or inlet damper) opening of forced draft fan to reach the optimal combustion condition. The directional block should be set for the air flow control system of 300MW and above units, in case of high boiler furnace pressure, the fan blade (or inlet damper) opening of forced draft shall be blocked to prevent the further increase of the opening; in case of low boiler furnace pressure, the blade (or inlet damper) opening of forced draft fan shall be blocked to prevent the further decrease of the opening. In case the total air flow is lower than the rated purging value, alarm signal shall be sent. 5.1.12 The air flow control system with oxygen quantity correction function shall calibrate the setpoint of oxygen quantity according to the load variation. 5.1.13 As for 300MW and above units, the cascade control should be employed to control superheated steam temperature, and the signal of calibrated boiler total air flow or the signals capable of characterizing boiler flue flow variation and load variation are taken as the feed forward of temperature control, to control the outlet temperature of 1st stage super-heater and 2nd stage super-heather, within the range of specified boiler operation parameters, 5.1.14 As for the combustion control system of 300MW and above units, the fuel/air crossing restriction function, and the function of air flow and fuel flow required by the unit loading according to different fuel and low calorific value should be set. 5.1.15 When modulating control system conducts parallel control upon two and above controlled objects, such system shall have the function of matching with load distribution and load automatic transfer of controlled objects. 5.1.16 In case of appearance of protection signal, the control system shall promptly give a response to it, interrupt the automatic control and manual control, and implement control according to the instruction of protection system to ensure the process system in a safe state. 5.1.17 In the modulating control system, the alarms should be set as follows: 1. Equipment faults of control system; 2. Transmitter faults of main parameters;
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3. Big deviation between measured value and setpint; 4. Big deviation between system output and position of actuator; 5. Automatic switchover of manual/automatic operation under signal actuation of interlocking and protection; 6. Power supply and air supply faults of control system. 5.1.18 As for the modulating control system, the following primary measurement signals shall have the compensation. 1. Steam drum water level shall have steam drum pressure compensation; 2. Feed-water flow shall have fee-water temperature compensation; 3. Air flow shall have air temperature compensation; 4. Main steam flow shall have pressure compensation and temperature compensation of main steam. 5.1.19 Feed water regulating mechanism of backup variable speed motor-driven feed-water pump (if allowed by a manufacturer) shall follow up the feed water adjusting mechanism of running pump. 5.1.20 When the modulating control system is designed, upon technical and economic analysis, various optimized control algorithm and system that has been successfully applied shall be positively employed. 5.2 Item of Modulating Control System 5.2.1 When the automatic control items of units are determined, the degree of automation level, the unit controllability, and control characteristics of main equipment and auxiliary equipment, etc. shall be uniformly taken into account. 5.2.2 As for 125MW and above units, the feed water control, fuel control, air flow control, furnace pressure control, superheated steam temperature control, reheat steam temperature control and steam turbine control shall be set. As for 300MW and above units, the auxiliary air damper control shall be set. As for the turbine driven feed-water pump, the control of turbine rotating speed of feed-water pump shall be set. 5.2.3 On the unit where the Electro-Hydraulic Control (EHC) employed by the steam turbine, the coordinated control system of turbine and boiler shall be set. In case of the selection of coordinated control system, whether the control system of steam turbine has reliable interface must be taken into account. The function of coordinated control system shall be determined in
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accordance with the unit capacity. As for various coordinated control function of units, please refer to Table 5.2.3-1. Table 5.2.3-1 Coordinated Control Functions Functions 125MW 200MW 300MW 600 MW Manual/automatic switchover Coordinated control mode Control mode of boiler following Control mode of turbine following boiler Run back (RB) Load Block increase (BI) Load Block decrease (BD) Run up function (RU) Run down function(RD)

5.2.4 The manifold pressure control of primary air should be adopted for coal pulverizing system with pulverized coal conveying by primary air fan, and bin storage with pulverized coal conveying by hot air. 5.2.5 The load control, outlet temperature control, and inlet pressure control of mill should be adopted for the bin storage pulverizing system of tubemill. Outlet temperature control and air flow control of mill should be adopted for the direct firing pulverizing system of medium speed mill. The outlet temperature control and air flow control of mill should be adopted for the direct firing pulverizing system of fan mills. 5.2.6 As for the boiler units with rotary air preheater, the cold-junction temperature control of air preheater can be adopted; if inlets of primary air fan and forced draft fan have been installed with steam coils, the cold-junction temperature control may not be equipped.
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5.2.7 The following modulating control systems shall be adopted for the steam turbine generator: 1. Condenser water level (When low water-level operation is not adopted); 2. Heater water level; 3. Gland seal steam pressure; 4. Hydrogen/oil seal pressure difference (generator hydrogen cooling system); 5. Steam pressure and steam temperature of high/low pressure bypass; 6. Steam turbine lubricating oil temperature of 200MW and above units; 7. EH oil temperature of steam turbine (When EH oil control is adopted) 5.2.8 The water level control and pressure control shall be set for the deaerator. The deaerator under sliding pressure operation shall control backup steam supply to ensure the minimum pressure and pressure dropping speed of deaerator in the pre-specified range; the constant pressure control system of the deaerator shall be set for the deaerator under fixed pressure operation. 5.2.9 Primary and secondary side water level control shall be set for steam generator. 5.2.10 Pressure control and temperature control shall be set for pressure reducers and desuperhealer. 5.2.11 As for heating network water system, the make up water pressure control shall be set, and outlet water temperature control may also be set. 5.2.12 As for the pretreatment system of raw water heating, the raw water temperature control may be set. 5.2.13 As for the closed industry water system, the overhead tank water level control, differential pressure pipe water level control, cooling water temperature control and control of differential pressure between feed water main and return water main may be set. 5.2.14 As for the container that need to remain a certain liquid level, the liquid level control should be set. 5.2.15 In the modulating control system, the transmitter of main parameters shall be redundantly configured. As for the configuration of transmitter in the main modulating control loop, please refer to table 5.2.15. Table 5.2.15 Configuration of Main Analog Control Transmitter Name of Triple Duplicate Individual Remark
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No.

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Measuring RedundancyRedundancy Project 1 Feed water flow 2 Steam drum water level 3 Steam flow 4 Superheated steam temperature 5 Temperature after desuperheater 6 Total air flow 7 Flue gas oxygen 8 Steam drum pressure 9 Furnace pressure 10 Outlet temperature of mill

Setting

2 pcs when the protection is not jointly used

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Pressure of mill inlet 12 Steam pressure in front of steam turbine 13 Reheated steam temperature 14 Primary air pressure

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15 Fuel oil flow 16 Deaerator pressure 17 Deaerator water level 18 Bypass pressure 19 Bypass temperature 20 1st pressure of steam turbine

1 pcs when not used for calculating main steam flow

5.3 Remote Operation of Modulating Control 5.3.1 When controlled objects are poor in controllability, or there is a difficulty or a serious delay in measuring relevant parameters, or there are not strict requirements for control quality, the automatic modulating control loop parameter may not be set but remote operation of analog parameters is only employed. 5.3.2 When the distributed control system (DCS) is employed by units, the condenser water level control, heater water level control, gland seal steam supply pressure and temperature control, and lubricating oil temperature control, etc. should be included into DCS system. When a local controller is employed, the remote operating of analogy may not be set.

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6. On-off Control
6.1 Function of On-off Control 6.1.1 The function of on-off control shall meet control requirements of startup, stop and normal operating condition of units, enable units to realize the control operation under accidents and abnormal operating conditions, and ensure the security of units. 6.1.2 The on-off control shall complete the following functions: 1. Realize the sequential control, individual operation and test operation of main/auxiliary equipment, valves, and dampers; 2. Interlock and control between large-scale auxiliary equipment and its relevant cooling system, lubricating system and sealing system; 3. In case of occurrence of faults trip of operating equipment, start backup equipment in an interlocking manner. 4. Realize status alarm, interlock, and protection of individual auxiliaries. 6.1.3 The units with distributed control system, when the sequential control system is in the manual operation, shall, on CRT, be capable of providing operators with operation guidance in the graphic mode or text mode. The operation guidance shall follow the set sequence to display the next operation steps to be implemented. 6.2 Sequential Control 6.2.1 The process system that needs regular operation should apply sequential control. 6.2.2 The control sequence and mode shall be determined by process characteristics and operation mode. The arrangement of control sequence shall be as simple and practical as possible, and shall consider the generality under conditions of meeting control requirements of technical process. 6.2.3 Sequential control system should base on the sub-function group. When the distributed control system is employed to realize sequential control, the status, permissive conditions of startup, operation sequence, and operation alarm of each sub-function group item and its relevant equipment shall be displayed on CRT.
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6.2.4 As for 300MW and above units, the sequential control shall be employed for its important auxiliary, process subsystem (forced draft fan, induced draft fan, primary fan, boiler feed-water pump, etc.). 6.2.5 The sequential control should be employed for the following auxiliary systems: 1. Make-up water treatment system (set as per the requirements specified by chemical specialty design) 2. Sponge balls cleaning system or backwashing system of condenser of 300MW and above units; 3. Condensate polishing system; 4. Pneumatic ash and slag removal system; 5. Air conditioning system. 6.2.6 When the sequential control is employed, the operating means for individual object may be set according to the importance of controlled objects. When the upper-computer is set in the sequential control system, operators shall monitor each controlled object by means of CRT and keyboard. The effective measures shall be considered to prevent misoperation of operators. 6.2.7 The sequential control design shall follow the principle of giving protection and interlocking priority. In case of appearance of protection instruction and interlocking instruction during sequential control in progress, the control course shall be interrupted, and the process system shall be enabled to be operated according to the protection instruction and interlock instruction. 6.2.8 The sequential control system shall have operating state display and faults alarm signals. As for the complicated sequential control, the step sequence display shall also be set. 6.2.9 During the automatic implementation of sequential control, in case of any faults or operators interruption, the sequence under way shall be interrupted to enable the process system in a safety state. 6.2.10 The sequential control function of individual auxiliary /subsystem and its relevant functions of interlocking and protection shall be realized in the same controller. For sequential control of auxiliarys /subsystem back-up each other, I/O signals shall be connected into different I/O modules to ensure the security and effective redundancy of process subsystem/auxiliary equipment. 6.3 Interlock
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6.3.1 Interlocking conditions of process system and process equipment shall be determined by the process requirements. When distributed control system is employed, interlocking shall be realized by distributed control system; when conventional control system is employed, the interlock shall be realized by a programmable controller. 6.3.2 Interlock control logic shall be as simple as possible and the logic based on time schedule is not allowed to be applyed. Interlock loop shall follow the principle of giving protection blocking priority, and means to be released protection shall not be set. 6.3.3 The following interlocks shall be set for boiler combustion system: 1. Sequential interlocking, in case of start-stop and trip, among induced-draft fan, rotary air preheater, and forced draft fan; 2. Interlocking of startup / stop (or open/close) among induced-draft fan, rotary air preheater, forced draft fan, and relevant flue duct dampers; 3. In case of trip of either induced-draft fan (forced draft fans) under parallel operation, the tripped fan shall be automatically isolated; in case of trip of both induced-draft fans under parallel operation, all forced draft fans and primary fans in operation must be tripped, and natural ventilation in the furnace must be ensured; 4. When pulverized coal conveying by primary fans, in case of tripping of all primary fans, all pulverized coal feeders shall be stopped in an interlocking manner. When pulverized coal conveying by mill exhauster, in case of trip of any mill exhauster, the corresponding pulverized coal feeders shall be stopped in an interlocking manner. 5. In case of trip of flue gas recirculation fan, both inlet damper and outlet damper of such fan shall be closed automatically; 6. When fuel oil (fuel gas) pressure of oil fired(gas fired) boiler is lower than the specified value, the fuel oil (fuel gas) supply shall be cut off in an interlocking manner. 6.3.4 The following interlocks shall be provided for the bin storage pulverizing system of tube mill: 1. In case of trip of mill exhauster, the corresponding tube mill shall be stopped; 2. In case of trip of tube mill, the relevant coal feeder shall be stopped, inlet hot-air damper of mill shall be closed in an interlocking manner, and inlet cold-air damper of mill shall be opened (except that furnace/ flue gas
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used as dry medium, and when coal having explosion hazard was pulverized ); 3. If outlet temperature of mill is as high as the specified value, the inlet cold-air damper of mill shall be opened in an interlocking manner (except that furnace/ flue gas used as dry medium, and when coal having explosion hazard was pulverized). 6.3.5 The following interlocks shall be provided for the direct firing pulverizing system of medium speed mill; 1. In case of trip of primary fan, the relevant mill shall be stopped, and the inlet damper and outlet damper shall be closed; 2. In case of trip of mill, the relevant coal feeder shall be stopped; 3. When the outlet temperature of mill is as high as the first specified value, the relevant inlet cold-air damper shall be opened (except that furnace/ flue gas used as dry medium, and when coal having explosion hazard was pulverized); when the outlet temperature of mill is as high as the second specified value, the mill shall be tripped, and the treatment shall follow mill firing protection procedures against specified by the manufacturer. 6.3.6 In case of trip of fan mill, the relevant coal feeders shall be stopped, and the inlet hot-air damper of mill shall be closed. 6.3.7 The following interlocks shall be provided for the lubricating system of fan or mill; 1. In case of trip of working lubricating oil pump, or lubricating oil pressure (oil level of overhead oil tank) as low as the first specified value, the backup lubricating oil pump shall be put into operation in an interlocking manner; 2. When the lubricating oil pressure (oil level of overhead oil tank) is as low as the second specified value, the relevant fan or mill shall be stopped. 6.3.8 The following interlocks shall be provided for the lubricating oil system of steam turbine: 1. When lubricating oil pressure is as low as the first specified value, the AC oil pump shall be put into operation; 2. When lubricating oil pressure is as low as the second specified value, the DC oil pump shall be put into operation; 3. When the same lubricating oil pump is driven by AC motor and DC motor, the power supply of AC motor shall be cut off after DC motor starts. 4. When lubricating oil pressure is as low as the third specified value, the
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steam turbine turning gear shall be stopped. 6.3.9 As for the centrifugal water pump equipped with electric operated outlet valve: 1. In case of trip of water pump, the relevant motor-driven outlet valve shall be closed; 2. In case of pump startup with valve closed, the relevant motor-driven outlet valve shall be opened with time delay. 6.3.10 The following interlocks shall be provided for the boiler feed-water pump: 1. As for the units under fixed pressure operation, in case of trip of working feed-water pump or feed water main pressure as low as the specified value, the backup feed-water pump shall be automatically put into operation; 2. Before the lubricating oil pressure is up to the specified value, the feed-water pump is not allowed to startup; 3. When the lubricating oil pressure is as low as the first specified value, the backup lubricating oil pump shall be put into operation; 4. When the lubricating oil pressure is as low as the second specified value, the feed-water pump shall be stopped. 6.3.11 The water pump, oil pump and fan , which are always in service during normal operation and with backup equipment, or the water pump, oil pump and fan installed, or the water pump, oil pump, fan, electric-operated valve, solinoid valve,which are controlled according to process parameters, following interlocks shall be provided: 1. If working pump (fan) fails and trips, the backup pump (fan) shall be automatically put into operation; 2. When the relevant process parameters are up to the specified values, the relevant pumps (fans) shall be automatically put into operation (stopped). 3. When the relevant process parameters are up to the specified values, the relevant electric-operated valve and solinoid valve shall be opened (closed) automatically. 6.4 Remote Control 6.4.1 When the distributed control system or the programmable controller with upper computer is employed, the remote control shall be realized by software manual operation of control system,so that operators are able to
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operate each controlled object with CRT and keyboard; as for the important protection operation of unit, the backup operation shall be realized by hardwired devices on control dest. 6.4.2 As for 200MW and under units, and units with relatively poor controllability, absence of sequential control conditions, the remote control should be provided for following objects: 1. Auxiliarys, valves, and dampers regularly operated during operation; 2. Auxiliarys, valves and dampers in need of operation in time during start up and accidents disposal; 3. Auxiliarys, valves and dampers in need of operation in time when operation mode is changed. 6.4.3 As for 300MW and above units, and units with relatively good controllability and sequential control conditions, the remote control operation shall be realized in the distributed control system. As for the operation for emergency security shutdown, the backup operating means shall be provided on the control desk. As for the valves and dampers are not regularly operated and are difficult to operate by operators, local operation by electric actuator may be provided. 6.4.4 As for the similar objects in need of simultaneous operation, the grouping control should be employed.. 6.4.5 As for the important auxiliarys, and the associated controlled objects (such as feedwater pump and its outlet valve), (sequential control or) interlock control should be employed. 6.4.6 As for the associated objects or the grouping controlled objects, the separate control means shall be set, and the switching logic of operation places and relevant display functions shall be available. The operational control equipment should be arranged locally, and may also be arranged in the control room. 6.4.7 As for the controlled objects that do not need emergency operation and be hardly operated, the selective control may be employed as per classifications. 6.4.8 The hardwired backup operating shall be provided for the important controlled objects such as AC lubricating oil pump, DC lubricating oil pump, emergency drum dump valve, condenser vacuum break valve, in the control room, while other objects may be configured with CRT software operation means.
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7 Selection of Equipment
7.1 General Requirements 7.1.1 The distributed control system should be employed as the main control equipment of units. 7.1.2 The minimum control flow, maximum control flow and leakage flow of control valves must satisfy the control and operation requirements (including startup, stop, and accidents operating conditions). 7.1.3 As for the configuration of control valves,which is selectedby process speciality,shall be checked according to the following requirements: 1. Valve opening: when the opening is 85%~90, the maximum demand quantity shall be satisfied; 2. Differential pressure of valve: in case of strict requirements for leakage quantity, the maximum differential pressure should be employed when the flow is zero; in case that no special requirements for leakage quantity, the maximum differential pressure under minimum flow should be employed , and the value shall not be more than the maximum permissible differential pressure of the valve; 3. Valve performance: working flow characteristic of control valves shall meet the control requirements of process system; 4. Packged accessories of valves shall satisfy the interface requirements of control system. 7.2 Selection of Conventional Equipment 7.2.1 According to technical development, upon technical economic evaluation, analog-type transmitter, analog-type transmitter or analogy-type intelligent transmitter or filed bus intelligent transmitter shall be selected for 125MW and above units. 7.2.2 The single dement control of auxiliary system of 125MW and above units may select the distributed control system, and may also employ the local controllers. 7.2.3 The electric actuator or pneumatic actuator should be selected. As for the controlled objects working under higher environmental temperature or in need of bigger moment, the pneumatic actuator should be employed. As for
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the controlled objects requiring relatively fast action speed, the hydraulic actuator may also be employed. The proper margin must be remained for the selection of the actuator moment. 7.2.4 The electric actuators of valves shall have reliable braking performance and biderictional forque protection devices; In case of loss of power supply or signals, the actuator shall remain unchanged, and shall be initiated for alarm. 7.2.5 The protection function shall be selected for pneumatic actuator in accordance with the characteristics of operated objects and safety requirements of process system,so that in case of loss of control signals, loss of instrument air supply or power failure,the pneumatic actuator shall stay put or the pneumatic actuator shall enable operated objects to move to prespecified position. 7.2.6 Spheroidal hinges should be employed between actuators in the automatic control system and anchor strut, between controlled mechanism and anchor strut. When the connecting lever and rocker lever arent in the same plane, the spheroidal hinges shall be employed. 7.2.7 The programmable control device should be employed for the sequential control of auxiliary system (plant). The devices made up of relays may also be employed to realize the simple sequential control and interlock control loop.

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Explanation of Wording in the Code

A.0.1 When implementing the clauses in this Code, the words of the degree of strictness to be treated differently, are explained as follows: 1) Words denoting very strict requirement, which must be observed without exception: must is used for affirmation; do not have to or have not to is used for negation. 2) Words denoting strict requirement under normal condition: shall is used for affirmation; shall not is used for negation 3) Words denoting a permission of slight choice, when conditions allow may first be chosen: should is used for affirmation; should not is used for negation. 4) Words denoting of choice, when conditions allow may be chosen: may is used for affirmation; may not is used for negation. A.0.2 When in some clauses of this Code that certain related standards and codes shall be implemented, be in accordance with or be in compliance with is used for affirmation; may refer to is used to indicate not necessarily to be implemented. A.0.3 Wording for connecting one clause to the subclause, according to the following requirements of regulations, in accordance with the following regulations, or to meet the following requirements, is generally used.

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