L thuyt c bn Gii thiu mt vi IC s c bn Lp rp mch pht xung ng h 1Hz dng IC 555 Lp rp mch nhy n tun t dng IC 4017 Lp rp mch

n giao thng dng IC 4017 Lp rp mch m m BCD 8421 bng IC 7490 v hin th trn LED 7 on dng IC gii m 7447 Lp rp mch m ton chn hoc ton l trn c s mch m BCD 8421 Ti liu:

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in tr T in Ngun nui Tn hiu xung clock (xung ng h) Mch pht n Led n Led 7 on Mch Test Board

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in tr
n v tnh l Ohm Chia lm 2 loi chnh:
Tr thng Tr cng sut ( >1W)

Gi tr in tr s c theo vch mu in trn thn in tr. Trong vch ch dung sai t tay phi khi c gi tr v thng c mu nh vng hoc bc Thng thng ta s dng tr W

in tr 1/4W

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22*10^1 =220 Ohm

+ + nu + nh vng <=> 221

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T in
n v l Fara Nhng thng thng ch dng n v
Pico Fara (10-12Fara) : pF Nano Fara (10-9 Fara) :nF Micro Fara (10-6 Fara) : uF

Di + Ngn - T gm 104 10*10^4 pF= 100nF

Vch en - T ha: 10 micro Fara

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T khng cc tnh
Thng thng l t gm, giy Cch c tr s vi t gm
Ly 2 s u * 10^ s th 3 ; n v l pico Fara Vd: 104 = 100000 pico F= 100 nano F

T c cc tnh:
Thng l t ha: di + , ngn hoc ( c mt vch en ch th trn thn)

Cc thng s cn quan tm
Tr s in dung in p chu ng ti a Chn dng Chn m

Vch en -

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CHC NNG T khng cc tnh: dp nhiu sinh ra t ng c hoc cc thit b khc, nhiu mi trng, T c cc tnh:
n nh in p cho Vi iu khin hoc cho cc linh kin khc cn n nh ngun khi hot ng. T c tr s cng ln th thi gian np in cng lu v gi in cng tt hn.

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Ngun nui:
Thng thng vi mch s l ngun DC 5V (cng USB) Ngun dng:
Thng k hiu l Vcc, Vdd: L cc dng 5V

Ngun m:
Thng k hiu l Vss, GND: l cc 0V

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L xung vung Sn ln (Chuyn mc t 0 ln 1) Sn xung ( chuyn t mc 1 v 0) Mc 1(ton): 5V Mc 0(toff): 0V

Sn ln Sn xung

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DIODE
Cu to t lp tip gip P-N ca vt liu bn dn

c im:
Ch dn in mt chiu t P sang N ( t Anod sang Katod); khi in p t cc A

sang K >= 0.7V Nhn dng cp in: Anode bt u l A Anh + Khi dn in th s c in p ri trn thn khong 0.7V Diod nha: chn c vng mu xm l chn Katod C dng chu c nht nh C in p ngc nht nh Diod 1A:1N4007

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Led ( Light emiting Diode): l diode pht quang. c im:

Khi phn cc thun th s pht sng (VAK>0.7V) i vi diode 5mm ( ng knh), dng in qua diode hot ng n nh l 20-25mA. Khi mi mua v, chn di hn l chn Anode

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L khi cu kin c cu to gm 8 diode ni chung Anode hoc Katode

Led 7 thanh loi Anode chung: cc Anode ni li vi nhau Led 7 thanh loi Katode chung: c cc Katode ni li vi nhau

Trt t cc thanh : a->g nh hnh

Led 7 thanh Anode chung

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2 module ngoi ()
Ngang ni Dc khng ni Chia i theo chiu dc Thng cp ngun Trong + ngoi -

Module gia (Xanh)

Dc ni Ngang khng ni Chia i theo chiu ngang

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IC cha cc cng logic h 74

Bn cng logic 2 u vo
7400 7403 7408 7409 7432 7486 7402 bn bn bn bn bn bn bn cng cng cng cng cng cng cng logic logic logic logic logic logic logic NAND 2 u vo NAND 2 u vo, u ra h mch AND 2 u vo AND 2 u vo, u ra h mch OR 2 u vo EX-OR 2 u vo NOR 2 u vo

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 Ba cng logic 3 u vo
7410 7411 7412 7427 ba ba ba ba cng cng cng cng logic logic logic logic

Hai cng logic 4 u vo

NAND 3 u vo AND 3 u vo NAND 3 u vo, u ra h mch NOR 3 u vo

Mt cng logic NAND 8 u vo: 7430 6 cng not

7420 hai cng logic NAND 4 u vo 7421 hai cng logic AND 4 u vo

7404 su cng NOT 7405 hex NOT with open collector outputs

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B m decade (0-9): 7490 B m BCD 4 bit (0-15): 7493 Hai b m decade (0-9): 74390 Hai b m 4bit (0-15): 74393 Gi m BCD sang thp phn: 7442 B m decade: 4017 iu khin Led 7 on: 7447 (Anode chung) IC to xung ng h: 555

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Cch tm hiu mt IC:

Tm trn Google cm t: m s IC+datasheet Download datasheet v tm hiu (dng pdf)

Cch tm chn ca IC s c bn:

Trn cnh ca IC khng c chn v c mt vnh khuyt, ta t cnh ny nm bn tay tri. Chn s 1 s nm v tr u tin, bn di pha tay tri. i khi c mt du chm ch th chn s 1. Cc chn khc tng dn theo chiu ngc chiu kim ng h

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Cch nh s th t chn

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Ta ni n chn Katode ca n diode li vi nhau th ta s c cng logic OR n u vo

D1 IN1 U1 D2 IN2 OUT 2 3 4 1

Dn IN3

OR3

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Mc tch cc l mc 0: ngha l khi chn ra mc 0 th diode tng ng s sng ln

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bi: hy lp rp mch to xung ng h 1Hz bng IC 555

Hng dn:
Download datasheet IC 555 v v lp rp theo mch dao ng a hi nh hnh. Cch tnh chu k:
T_on = 0.693*(R1+R2)C T_off= 0.693*R2*C

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o bi: Hy lp rp mch nhy tun t 10 n led v lp li dng IC 4017 o Hng dn: o Dng IC 555 to xung ng h (ly t mch dao ng trn) o Ngun xung clock s a vo chn CP0 v lp rp mch 4017 mch bt u m o Mi u ra ca 4017 ni vi 1 led bng in tr 330Ohm ni v t. o Mun mch dng u th ly chn ni v chn MR

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o bi: Hy lp rp mch nhy 3 n led theo hiu ng n giao thng: 5s cho n ; 3s cho n xanh; 2s cho n vng. o Hng dn: o Dng IC 555 to xung ng h (ly t mch dao ng trn) o Ngun xung clock s a vo chn CP0 v lp rp mch 4017 mch bt u m o Cc u ra ca 4017 ni vi mch OR bng Diode xc nh s chu k sng ca mi n. VD: 5 chn u tin ni vi mch OR cho n .

(Dng diode)

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o bi: Hy lp rp mch m v hin th t 0 n 9 trn led 7 thanh bng IC 7490,7447. o Hng dn: o Dng IC 555 to xung ng h (ly t mch dao ng trn) o Ngun xung clock s a vo chn Clock 0 v lp rp mch 7490 bt u m o Dng IC 7447 gii m nh phn ca 7490 sang led 7 thanh o Ni u ra ca 7447 n 7 chn a..g ca led 7 thanh loi anode chung.

M rng: Hy sa li mch trn mch m ton chn hoc ton l.

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