phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng

Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy

4-1 / 7 all
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
1. Tang
Hnh 4.1: Cu to tang cun
cp
D
o
d

c
g

t
d

c A
R
o
Tang t r n
D
D
1
D
o
Tang x r nh
R = 0,55d

c
t = d

c
+
A
g = 1,5.d

c
t = d

c
I
I
o

phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-2 / 7 all
Nhm CLV c

a
c c

u

M1

M2

M3

M4

M5

M6

M7

M8

h
1

11,2

12,5

14,0

16,0

18,0

20,0

22,4

25,0

h
2

12,5

14,0

16,0

18,0

20,0

22,4

25,0

28,0

h
3

11,2

12,5

12,5

14,0

14,0

16,0

16,8

18,0

GHI CH:

1.

ng knh danh ngha c

a tang: D
0

>
h
1
.d
c

2.

ng knh c

a rng r

c d

n h

ng: D
2

>
h
2
.d
c

3.

ng knh c

a rng r

c cn b

ng: D
3

>
h
3
.d
c

4. V

i c

n tr

c t

hnh: h
1
= 16; h
2
= 18; h
3
= 14 v

i CCN t

i

h
1
= 14; h
2
= 16; h
3
= 12,5 v

i CCN c

n

5.

ng knh rng r

c ma st trong thang my: D

>
40.d
c

(TCVN 6395:1998)

H s ng knh vi tang v rng rc (TCVN
5864-1995)
Back
phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-3 / 7 all
- ng knh danh ngha Do: c xc nh t iu kin
m bo bn lu cho cp Do / dc > h
min
H s ng knh h
min
tra trong TCVN 5864-1995 theo
CLV ca c cu nng.
- Chiu di ti thiu cun cp L
min
: xc nh t lng cp cun
ln tang:
L
min
= z.t vi z l s vng cp trn 1 lp
z = z
1
+ z
2
+ z
3

z
1
= H.a / (tDo) s vng lm vic (khi cun 1
lp)
z
2
s vng d tr (ti thiu 1,5 vng)
z
3
s vng dng c nh cp (0 2)
Khi s lp cun ln tang l n: L
min
= ?

* Cc kch thc c bn ca tang
phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-4 / 7 all
- Chiu dy tang o: c xc nh t bn tang. Thng
chn trc theo vt liu tang, sau tnh kim nghim v
nn, b qua cc loi ng sut khc (un, xon, ct). Tang
c coi nh ng dy chu p sut ngoi do dy xit ln b
mt tang gy ra. ng sut nn ln nht thnh trong ca
tang, tnh theo cng thc Lame:
o
n
= k.Smax / (t.o) s [o
n
]

[o
n
] = 70 90 MPa vi tang gang
= 100 120 MPa vi tang thp
trong t bc cun cp trn tang v k - h s tnh n
nh hng ca s lp cp cun ln tang ti p sut sinh ra trn
mt tang:
k = 1; 1,28; 1,37; 1,45; 1,52; 1,53 tu s lp cp t 1 n
6
ng sut cho php ly thp i tnh n cc loi ng
sut khc.

phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-5 / 7 all

* C nh cp trn tang
Hnh 4.2: C nh cp trn tang
vt chn
Cp
bulng - tm kp
A
A - A
A
Cp

phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-6 / 7 all
2. Rng rc v a xch
* Cng dng: dn hng
dy
* Kt cu

rng rc cp


R = 0,6.d
h = (1,5 -
2).d
c
b = (2 -
2,25).d
c
60
b
h

D




0

a xch
t - bc xch
d - ng knh thp trn lm xch
z - s hc, min = 5-6
D

0
=
(
t
sin(90/z)
)
2
+
(
d
cos(90/z)
)
2
D



0

d
Hnh 4.3: Rng rc cp v a xch cho xch
hn

D
0,min
chn theo
ng knh cp
theo tiu chun
TCVN 5864-1995

phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-7 / 7 all
* Lc cn & hiu sut rng rc
- Lc cn * do cng dy * do ma st trong

b
c
S
1
S
'
2
=S
1
+W
c
Cn bng m men =>
S
'
2
(Do/2-c) = S
1
(Do/2+b),
hay W
c
= S
1

b+c
Do/2 - c
W
c
= S
1

Lc tc dng ln :
S = S
1
+ S
''
2
=> S
~
2S
1
.sin
o
2
Lc ma st trong : F = S.f
to m men cn T=F.d/2
Do lc cn trn dy s l:
W
0 =
T
Do/2
=2S
1
.sin
o
2
.
f.
d
Do
= S
1

S
''
2
=S
1
+W
o
S
1

phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-8 / 7 all
S
Q,
1
2
S ,
v
0
n
v
S
Q,
1
2
S , v
0
n
v
n
n
- Hiu sut = cng sut c ch / cng sut b ra









- Rng rc cp c nh: q = S
1
/S
2
= 0,94..0,98
- Rng rc xch: q
x
= 0,94..0,96
- Rng rc di ng: q
d
= (1 + q) / 2 > q, trong tnh ton
ly q
d
= q
P
ci
= Q.v
n
P
br
= S
2
.v
0
Q = S
1

v
0
= v
n
q = S
1
/S
2
P
ci
= Q.v
n
P
br
= S
2
.v
0
Q = S
1
+ S
2
v
0
= a.v
n
q
d
> S
1
/S
2
= q

phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-9 / 7 all
H thng rng rc c nh v di ng, lin kt bng dy
Tu cng dng => 2 loi: palng li lc v palng li vn tc
- Pa lng li lc
* Khi nim v bi sut (a)
a = s nhnh dy treo vt
* S v s khai trin

* Tnh ton pa lng:
s dng cc quan h
trong rng rc tm lc cng
S
max
= ? nhnh no? v q
p
= ?
3. Pa lng
Q
tang
S

2
... ... S

a-1
S

a S
''
1
S
'
1
S

1
S S khai trin
tang
Q
Hnh 4.4: Pa lng li
lc

phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-10 / 7 all









Q
A
Q
Pa lng n
Pa lng kp
A
= 0
Hnh 4.5: Pa lng n v kp
Bi sut palng
kp k hiu l "2a"
v bng s nhnh
dy treo vt
(trn s : 2a = 4)
Rng rc trung
gian khng quay,
ch ng vai tr
cn bng nn trong
tnh ton Smax c
th thay th bng
palng n vi bi
sut
a' = 2a/2 v ti Q' =
Q/2.
Hiu sut ca
palng
q
p
=Q' / (a'.Smax).

phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-11 / 7 all
Q,
v

n
...
P, v

P
S

1
S

2
S

a
S
1
= S
1
= S
1
.1
S
2
= S
1
.q

= S
1
.q
1
......
S
a
= S
a-1
.q

= S
1
.q
a-1
P = S
i
= S
1
. (1+ q+ ... + q
a-1
)
(1)
S
max
= S
1
;
(2)
S
a
= Q / q => Q = S
1
.q
a
(3)
T (1) (2) (3) tm c quan
h gia P, Q, Smax
Hnh 4.6: Pa lng li vn tc
- Pa lng li vn tc


phn I: cc chi tit v thit b my nng
Chng 4: B phn cun dy v dn hng dy
4-12 / 7 all
* Lu
- Trng hp h vt:
* Cc rng rc dn hng khng lm thay i lc cng Smax:

- Pa lng kp:
* Bi sut k hiu l 2a
* Tnh ton nh palng n vi bi sut a = 2a/2 v ti Q = Q/2
- Rng rc dn hng:
* Trong cng thc tnh Smax ch tnh s rng rc
dn hng pha tang cun cp, khng tnh
cc rng rc pha u cp t do.
- S c bit:
* Khng p dng c cng thc chung.
h nng
max max
a a t
1 1
Q. Q.
(1 ) (1 )
S S
q q
q q q

= =

Q
S
1
S
1
S
2
S