Magnetostatic Fields

BIOT-SAVART'S LAW

A wire carrying steady current I, the magnetic field dH at some point P has the following properties: The magnetic field intensity produced at a point , by the differential current element I is proportional to the product I and the sine of the angle between the element and the line joining P to the element and is inversely proportional to the square of the distance R between P and the element.

Vector form

The direction of using: (a) the right-hand rule (b) the right-handed screw

BIOT-SAVART'S LAW different forms:

AMPERE'S CIRCUIT LAW: Ampere's circuit law states that the line integral of the tangential component of H around a closed path is the same as the net current enclosed by the path.

Apply Stokes theorem

H.d H.dS J.dS

S S

H j
Amperes law in point form

B j

dI j.dS

d S

Applications:
a. Infinite Line Current:

Ampere's law applied to an infinite filamentary Line current.

b. Infinite Sheet of Current:

Consider an infinite current sheet in the z = 0 plane. If the sheet has a uniform current density
applying Ampere's law to the rectangular closed path (Amperian path) gives

C. Infinitely Long Coaxial Transmission Line:

Consider an infinitely long transmission line consisting of two concentric cylinders having their axes along the z-axis.

The inner conductor has radius a and carries current I while the outer conductor has inner radius b and thickness t and carries return current -I .

=>

22

. = . 2 =

Maxwell's Equations for Static EM Fields: