CHNG 2

I LNG NGU NHIN RI RC

2.1. Khi nim bin ngu nhin

Cu hi : lng m gi tr ca n l ngu nhin Mt i o chiu cao ca mt ngi, gi X l i lng th khng d on trc c, c gi l LNN hin cao ca ngi c bng l bin Cc chiu bin ngu nhin c, k X hiu ccngu ch nhin vit ? hoa X, Y, Z, cn cc gi tr ca chng m s ngi n ca trong ngyx, th c k hiu bng cc hng ch vit thng y, 7, z...gi X l i lng th hin s ngi m c, X c l Tp hp cc gi tr ca LNN X c k hiu l bin ngu nhin? X().

2.2. Phn loi bin ngu nhin

Bin ngu nhin ri rc (Discrete Random

Variable)
Bin ngu nhin lin tc (Continuous Random

Variable)
C th ni l tt c cc i lng m ta gp

trong thc t u l cc bin ngu nhin v chng

s phi thuc mt trong hai nhm ri rc hay lin tc.

Th d
Gieo mt con xc sc ngu nhin mt ln. Gi X

Chn ngu nhin 3 a tr t nhm gm 6 l s xut hin trn con xc sc. nam vnt 4 n . Gi X l s b gi trong nhm.

XX ll mt LNNRR v X( )={1, 2, 3} , 6} LNNRR v X( )={0, 1, 2,

2.3. Phn b xc sut v hm phn b xc sut

Phn b xc sut ca LNNRR X l mt bng trn ta ghi cc gi tr m X c th nhn v km theo xc sut tng ng n nhn gi tr

2.4. Hm phn b xc sut

Hm phn b xc sut (hay hm phn b) ca DLNN X l mt hm F(x) cho php xc nh xc sut X nhn gi tr <x F(x)=p{X<x}

2.4. Hm phn b xc sut

2.4. Hm phn b xc sut

Hm phn b xc sut l mt hm bc thang, khng gim v c bc nhy ti cc gi tr c th ca X. ln ca bc nhy ti xk l pk

2.5. Cc c trng ca LNN

K vng: (Gi tr trung bnh)

ngha:

EX l gi tr trung bnh m bin ngu K vng xc nh v tr ca phn phi

nhin X nhn.

Mt (mode)

Mod(X) l gi tr c xc sut ln nht.

Phng sai

X c EX=.

lch khi gi tr trung bnh l X-.

Phng sai ca X l 1 s khng m k hiu l D(X) hoc V(X) l lch bnh phng trung bnh tc DX=E(X-)2

Phng sai
ngha: Phng sai ca bnn X l dng o phn tn ca cc gi tr ca bnn X xung quanh EX ca n. DX nh th mc phn tn

nh, tp trung ln v ngc li

lch tiu chun: H s bin thin:

Th d
Gieo ngu nhin hai con xc sc. Gi X l s chnh lch s nt xut hin trn 2 con xc sc. 1. Lp bng phn b xc sut. 2. Tnh k vng, mod, phng sai v lch tiu chun