HNG DN GII CHI TIT THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2012

Mn thi : HA, khi A - M : 384

Cho bit nguyn t khi ca cc nguyn t :
H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5;
K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52, Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag=108; Ba = 137.
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Cu 1 : Nguyn t R to c cation R +. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R + ( trng
thi c bn) l 2p6. Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t R l
A. 11.
B. 10.
C. 22.
D. 23.
Cu hnh e ca ion R+ l : 1s22s22p6 l 10e suy ra Z=11 l Na c Z = E = 11 , nn chn C.
Cu 2: in phn 150 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M vi in cc tr trong t gi, cng dng in
khng i 2,68A (hiu sut qu trnh in phn l 100%), thu c cht rn X, dung dch Y v kh
Z. Cho 12,6 gam Fe vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c 14,5 gam hn hp kim loi v
kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5). Gi tr ca t l
A. 0.8.
B. 0,3.
C. 1,0.
D. 1,2.
PTp: 4AgNO3 + H2O ---> 4Ag + O2 + 4HNO3
0,15
P x -------------------------------->
x
Sau p c hh kim loi l Ag v Fe d. Vy ddY gm HNO 3 v Ag+. Do Fe d nn sau p to
Fe2+.
Dd Y : HNO3 x
+ 0,225 mol Fe ---> Fe2++ NO + Ag (0,15-x)
NO3- + 3e + 4H+ = NO
3x/4 x
+
Ag +1e = Ag
0,15-x
0,15-x
Tng mol e= 3x/4 + 0,15-x= (0,6-x)/4.
Fe- 2e = Fe2+ suy ra s m ol Fe p= (0,6-x)/8. Vy Fe d = 0,225-(0,6-x)/8= (1,2+x)/8.
Klg Ag + Fe d = 108(0,15-x) + 56(1,2+x)/8= 14,5. Gii ra x=0,1 nn s mol e in phn = x=
0,1. suy ra 0,1= 2,68.t /96500 nn t= 1 gi.
Cu 3: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Cht bo c gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.
(b) Cht bo nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c.
(c) Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
(d) Tristearin, triolein c cng thc ln lt l: (C17H33COO)3C3H5, (C17H35COO)3C3H5.
S pht biu ng l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
a,b,c ng
Cu 4: Cho dy cc cht: stiren, ancol benzylic, anilin, toluen, phenol (C6H5OH). S cht trong dy
c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 2.
Gm stiren; anilin; phenol
Cu 5: Cho cc phn ng sau :
(a) H2S + SO2
(b) Na2S2O3 + dung dch H2SO4 (long)
(c) SiO2 + Mg

ti le mol 1:2

(d) Al2O3 + dung dch NaOH

(e) Ag + O3
(g) SiO2 + dung dch HF
S phn ng to ra n cht l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 3.
a to s; b to S---> Na2SO4 + S + SO2; c to Si; e to Oxi

Cu 6: Cho s phn ng :
xuctac
(a) X + H2O
Y
(b) Y + AgNO3 + NH3 + H2O amoni gluconat + Ag + NH4NO3
xuctac
(c) Y
E+Z
anh sang
X+G
(d) Z + H2O
chat diepluc
X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. Tinh bt, glucoz, etanol.
B. Tinh bt, glucoz, cacbon ioxit.
C. Xenluloz, saccaroz, cacbon ioxit.
D. Xenluloz, fructoz, cacbon ioxit.
Cu 7: Qung no sau y giu st nht?
A. Pirit st FeS2.
B. Hematit Fe2O3.
C. Manhetit Fe3O4
D. Xierit FeCO3.
Cu 8: Hn hp X c khi lng 82,3 gam gm KClO3, Ca(ClO3)2, CaCl2 v KCl. Nhit phn hon
ton X thu c 13,44 lt O2 (ktc), cht rn Y gm CaCl 2 v KCl. Ton b Y tc dng va vi
0,3 lt dung dch K2CO3 1M thu c dung dch Z. Lng KCl trong Z nhiu gp 5 ln lng KCl
trong X. Phn trm khi lng KCl trong X l
A. 25,62%.
B. 12,67%.
C. 18,10%.
D. 29,77%.
Bo ton klg suy ra klg hhY= 82,3- 0,6.32= 63,1g. S mol K 2CO3 =0,3 suy ra CaCO3=0,3 vy
CaCl2= 0,3 nn KCl trong Y= (63,1-0,3.111)/74,5= 0,4. Suy ra KCl trong ddZ= 0,6+0,4=1. Suy
ra s mol KCl trong X= 1/5=0,2. %klg KCl trong x= 0,2.74,5/82,3= 18,1%.
Cu 9: Hn hp M gm mt anken v hai amin no, n chc, mch h X v Y l ng ng k tip
(MX < MY). t chy hon ton mt lng M cn dng 4,536 lt O2 (ktc) thu c H2O, N2 v 2,24
lt CO2 (ktc). Cht Y l
A. etylmetylamin.
B. butylamin.
C. etylamin.
D. propylamin.
Bo ton oxi suy ra s mol H2O= (4,536/22,4- 2,24/22,4).2= 0,205. Hiu s mol H2O-CO2= 0,105
l do amin gy ra.
CnH2n x mol
CmH2m+3N + O2 -----> mCO2 + (m+1,5)H2O + 1/2N2
1mol
m
(m+1,5)
1/2mol hiu s mol H2O-CO2 = 1,5
?
?
hiu s = 0,105
S mol amin=0,07. Vy mol hhM > 0,07; suy ra s C trong pt hhM < 0,1(molCO 2)/0,07= 1,4.
Nh vy hhM c 1 cht s C <1,4 ko th l anken m phi l amin CH3NH2 nn Y l etylamin.
Cu 10: Dy cht no sau y u th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi SO2?
A. H2S, O2, nc brom.B. O2, nc brom, dung dch KMnO4.
C. Dung dch NaOH, O2, dung dch KMnO4.
D. Dung dch BaCl2, CaO, nc brom.
Cu 11: Trong ancol X, oxi chim 26,667% v khi lng. un nng X vi H 2SO4 c thu c
anken Y. Phn t khi ca Y l
A. 56.
B. 70.
C. 28.
D. 42.
Tch nc to anken nn X l ankanol. %O =16/M= 26,667% nn Mancol = 60 ---> anken = 60
-18 = 42
Cu 12: Cho 2,8 gam bt st vo 200 ml dung dch gm AgNO 3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M; khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam cht rn X. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,72.
B. 4,08.
C. 4,48.
D. 3,20.
+
2+
S mol Fe =0,05; s mol Ag = 0,02; Cu = 0,1. Th t p:
Fe + 2Ag+ 2Ag
0,01 0,02
0,02 cn 0,04mol Fe
Fe+ Cu2+ = Cu
0,04 d 0,04. Klg m= 0,02.108 + 0,04.64= 4,72
Cu 13: Hirat ha 5,2 gam axetilen vi xc tc HgSO4 trong mi trng axit, un nng. Cho ton
b cc cht hu c sau phn ng vo mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 thu c 44,16
gam kt ta. Hiu sut phn ng hirat ha axetilen l
A. 80%.
B. 70%.
C. 92%.
D. 60%.
C2H2 ----------> CH3CHO ----> 2Ag

0,2
x-------------------> x ----------> 2x
C2H2 d (0,2-x) ---------------------------> C2Ag2(0,2-x) mol kt ta
Klg kt ta gm 2x.108 + (0,2 -x)240 =44,16
------> x= 0,16 --> H =80
Cu 14: Hn hp X gm 2 amino axit no (ch c nhm chc COOH v NH2 trong phn t), trong
t l mO : mN = 80 : 21. tc dng va vi 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 30 ml dung dch HCl
1M. Mt khc, t chy hon ton 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 3,192 lt O 2 (ktc). Dn ton b sn
phm chy (CO2, H2O v N2) vo nc vi trong d th khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 20 gam.
B. 13 gam.
C. 10 gam.
D. 15 gam.
hhX c CT (H2N)xR(COOH)y hay CnH2n+2+2x-2yNxO2y suy ra 32y/14x= 80/21 nn y/x= 5/3. HCl
p nhm NH2 nn s mol NH2= 0,03 suy ra s mol COOH=0,05;
Gi s mol CO2, H2O sinh ra l a v b v s mol N 2 = 0,03/2=0,015. Bo ton klg: Klg
hhCO2;H2O= 3,83 + 3,192.32/22,4-0,015.28=7,97g vy 44a+18b=7,97 . Bo ton ng.t O ta c:
0,05.2+0,1425.2= 2a +b. Gii h ny a= 0,13 nn klg CaCO3 kt ta=13g
Cu 15: Cho cc cp oxi ha kh c sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh oxi ha ca dng oxi ha
nh sau: Fe2+/Fe, Cu2+/Cu, Fe3+/Fe2+. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Cu2+ oxi ha c Fe2+ thnh Fe3+.
B. Fe3+ oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu2+.
C. Cu kh c Fe3+ thnh Fe.
D. Fe2+ oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu2+.
3+
2+
V Fe c tnh oxh mnh hn Cu .
Cu 16: t chy hon ton 7,6 gam hn hp gm mt axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h v
mt ancol n chc (c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t khc nhau) thu c 0,3 mol CO 2 v 0,4
mol H2O. Thc hin phn ng este ha 7,6 gam hn hp trn vi hiu sut 80% thu c m gam
este. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,08.
B. 6,12.
C. 8,16.
D. 2,04.
CnH2nO2
CmH2m+2O . Khi chy th s mol ancol = smol H2O-CO2= 0,1. gi s mol axit =x Bo ton khi
lng suy ra klg oxi= 0,3.44+0,4.18-7,6= 12,8 l 0,4mol. Bo ton ng.t oxi ta c: 2x +0,1 +0,4.2
= 0,3.2+ 0,4 vy x= 0,05. S mol CO2 = 0,05n + 0,1m=0,3 nn n +2m= 6. V n khc m nn m=1
v n=4. CTPT este C5H10O2. Suy ra ancol d; theo l thuyt s mol este= s mol axit=0,05. Klg
este = 0,05.102.80%= 4,08g
Cu 17: Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t R trong hp cht kh vi hiro (R c s oxi ha thp
nht) v trong oxit cao nht tng ng l a% v b%, vi a : b = 11 : 4. Pht biu no sau y l
ng?
A. Oxit cao nht ca R iu kin thng l cht rn.
B. Nguyn t R ( trng thi c bn) c 6 electron s.
C. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, R thuc chu k 3.
D. Phn t oxit cao nht ca R khng c cc.
t R nhm n nn CT oxit cao nht l R2On v CT R vi H l RH8-n
T gt suy ra: 2R/(2R+16n): R/(R+8-n) = 11/4 ---> R = (43n 88)/7 chn n = 4 ---> R = 12
(C )
CT oxit cao nht l CO2 v CO2 c cu trc thng i xng nn chn D.
Cu 18: Hn hp X gm axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit oxalic v axit axetic. Cho m gam X phn ng
ht vi dung dch NaHCO3 thu c 1,344 lt CO2 (ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X cn 2,016
lt O2 (ktc), thu c 4,84 gam CO2 v a gam H2O. Gi tr ca a l
A. 1,62.
B. 1,80.
C. 3,60.
D. 1,44.
S mol nhm COOH= s mol CO2 = 0,06.
Khi chy bo ton ngt O: 0,06.2 + 0,09.2= 2.4,84/44 + x.1 ( x l s mol H 2O). x= 0,08 nn
a=1,44.
Cu 19: Hn hp X gm Fe3O4 v Al c t l mol tng ng 1 : 3. Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm
X (khng c khng kh) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp gm

A. Al2O3 v Fe.
B. Al, Fe v Al2O3.
C. Al, Fe, Fe3O4 v Al2O3.
D. Al2O3, Fe v Fe3O4.
P 8Al + 3Fe3O4 = 4Al2O3 + 9Fe. T t l mol theo gt suy ra Al d.
Cu 20: Hp cht X c cng thc C8H14O4. T X thc hin cc phn ng (theo ng t l mol):
(a) X + 2NaOH X1 + X2 + H2O
(b) X1 + H2SO4 X3 + Na2SO4
(c) nX3 + nX4 nilon-6,6 + 2nH2O
(d) 2X2 + X3 X5 + 2H2O
Phn t khi ca X5 l
A. 198.
B. 202.
C. 216.
D. 174.
Theo gt suy ra X3 l axit adipic HOOC(CH2)4COOH; X4 l H2N(CH2)4NH2. Vy X1 l mui
aipat. V X l C8H24O4 c a=2. P ( a) li to nc nn X l HOOC(CH 2)4COOC2H5. X2 l
C2H5OH vy X5 l este: C4H8(COOC2H5) M= 202.
Cu 21: Cho 500ml dung dch Ba (OH)2 0,1M vo V ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,1M; sau khi cc
phn ng kt thc thu c 12,045 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 75.
B. 150.
C. 300.
D. 200.
2+
23+
S mol Ba = 0,05; s mol SO4 = 0,3V/1000; s mol OH = 0,1; Al = 0,2V/1000.
C 2 TH xy ra : mui nhm d hoc mui nhm ht. Nu d mui nhm th ko tnh c V.
Xt mui nhm ht th BaSO4 = 0,3V/1000 (mol) v Al(OH)3 = (4.0,2V/1000-0,1)(mol) vy klg
kt ta = 233.0,3V/1000+ 78.(4.0,2V/1000 -0,1)=12,045. Gii ra V= 150.
Cu 22: Cho dy cc cht: C6H5NH2 (1), C2H5NH2 (2), (C6H5)2NH (3), (C2H5)2NH (4), NH3 (5)
(C6H5- l gc phenyl). Dy cc cht sp xp theo th t lc baz gim dn l :
A. (4), (1), (5), (2), (3).
B. (3), (1), (5), (2), (4).
C. (4), (2), (3), (1), (5).
D. (4), (2), (5), (1), (3).
Do gc etyl y e lm tng tnh bazo cn gc C6H5 rt e lm gim tnh bazo
Cu 23: Hiro ha hon ton hirocacbon mch h X thu c isopentan. S cng thc cu to c
th c ca X l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 7.
D. 4.
X l hidrocacbon ko no mch nhnh: C=C(CH 3)-C-C-C v 2 p anken v tr; C-C(CH 3)CC; ankadien c 2 p v tr; anken-in c 1 cht C=C(CH3) CC
Cu 24: t chy hon ton 4,64 gam mt hirocacbon X (cht kh iu kin thng) ri em
ton b sn phm chy hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH) 2. Sau cc phn ng thu c
39,4 gam kt ta v khi lng phn dung dch gim bt 19,912 gam. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H4.
B. CH4.
C. C2H4.
D. C4H10.
CO2 v hi nc b dd gi li. Klg dd gim suy ra tng CO 2, H2O= 39,4-19,912= 19,488.
Suy ra klg oxi p= 19,488-4,64= 14,848 l 0,464mol. S mol CO 2 ngoi to BaCO3= 0,2 cn c
th to mui axit tan trong dd. Gi s mol HCO 3- trong dd l x v s mol H2O do X sinh ra l
y. Bo ton O ta c: 2(0,2+x) + y=0,464.2; nn 2x+y= 0,528 v bo ton klg X ta c: 12(0,2+x)
+ 2y= 4,64 6x+y=1,12. Gii h trn ra x= 0,148 v y=0,232. Vy s mol CO 2=0,348;
H2O=0,232 nn t l C:H= 3:4.
Cu 25: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui
(vi in cc tr) l:
A. Ni, Cu, Ag.
B. Li, Ag, Sn.
C. Ca, Zn, Cu.
D. Al, Fe, Cr.
Cu 26: Cho cc pht biu sau v phenol (C6H5OH):
(a) Phenol tan nhiu trong nc lnh.
(b) Phenol c tnh axt nhng dung dch phenol trong nc khng lm i mu qu tm.
(c) Phenol c dng sn xut phm nhum, cht dit nm mc.
(d) Nguyn t H ca vng benzen trong phenol d b thay th hn nguyn t H trong benzen.
(e) Cho nc brom vo dung dch phenol thy xut hin kt ta.
S pht biu ng l
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Chn b; c; d; e
Cu 27: Thc hin cc th nghim sau ( iu kin thng):

(a) Cho ng kim loi vo dung dch st (III) clorua.

(b) Sc kh hiro sunfua vo dung dch ng (II) sunfat.
(c) Cho dung dch bc nitrat vo dung dch st (III) clorua.
(d) Cho bt lu hunh vo thy ngn.
S th nghim xy ra phn ng l
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Chn a; b; c; d
Cu 28: X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k, hai nhm A lin tip. S proton ca
nguyn t Y nhiu hn s proton ca nguyn t X. Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l
33. Nhn xt no sau y v X, Y l ng?
A. m in ca X ln hn m in ca Y.
B. n cht X l cht kh iu kin thng.
C. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Y ( trng thi c bn) c 5 electron.
D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X ( trng thi c bn) c 4 electron.
Cng chu k m 2 nhm A lin tip nn Z hn km l 1: 2Z+1=33 nn Z=16 vy X l S cn
Y l Clo.
Cu 29: Cho dy cc hp cht thm: p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH, p-HO-C6H4-COOC2H5,
pHO-C6H4-COOH, p-HCOO-C6H4-OH, p-CH3O-C6H4-OH. C bao nhiu cht trong dy tha mn
ng thi 2 iu kin sau?
(a) Ch tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 1.
(b) Tc dng c vi Na (d) to ra s mol H2 bng s mol cht phn ng.
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Ch c cht th 3 tha mn.
Cu 30: Cho hn hp K2CO3 v NaHCO3 (t l mol 1 : 1) vo bnh dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 thu c
kt ta X v dung dch Y. Thm t t dung dch HCl 0,5M vo bnh n khi khng cn kh thot ra
th ht 560 ml. Bit ton b Y phn ng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Khi lng kt
ta X l
A. 3,94 gam.
B. 7,88 gam.
C. 11,28 gam.
D. 9,85 gam.
ddY c HCO3- p NaOH t l mol 1:1 nn s mol HCO 3- trong Y= 0,2. Gi s mol K2CO3 l x
v Ba(HCO3)2 l y. Khi p HCl ta c s mol HCl= 2x+x+2y=0,28 hay 3x+2y=0,28; s mol
HCO3-= x+2y=0,2 nn x= 0,04 v y=0,08. Vy BaCO3 = x=0,04 l 7,88g
Cu 31: t chy hon ton 3 lt hn hp X gm 2 anken kt tip nhau trong dy ng ng cn
va 10,5 lt O2 (cc th tch kh o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Hirat ha hon ton
X trong iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp ancol Y, trong khi lng ancol bc hai bng 6/13
ln tng khi lng cc ancol bc mt. Phn trm khi lng ca ancol bc mt (c s nguyn t
cacbon ln hn) trong Y l
A. 46,43%.
B. 31,58%.
C. 10,88%.
D. 7,89%.
CnH2n + 3n/2 O2
3
10,5 nn n= 7/3 l C 2H4 v C3H6 dng s ng cho tm ra t l mol l 2:1. Khi
cng H2O propen cho ancol bc I v bc II cn eten cho ancol bc I. Xt X c 2mol eten th
cho 2mol C2H5OH; 1 mol propen cho x mol ancol bc I v (1-x)mol C 3H7OH bc II. T gt ta
c: 60(1-x)/(92+60x)=6/13 nn x=0,2. % khi lng C3H7OH bc I= 12/152=7,89%.
Cu 32: Ha tan hon ton 2,43 gam hn hp gm Mg v Zn vo mt lng va dung dch
H2SO4 long, sau phn ng thu c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch X. Khi lng mui trong dung
dch X l
A. 5,83 gam.
B. 7,33 gam.
C. 4,83 gam.
D. 7,23 gam.
S mol axit p = s mol H2=0,05 nn klg mui = 2,43+0,05.96= 7,23g
Cu 33: Cho dy cc cht: Al, Al(OH) 3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3, Na2SO4. S cht trong dy va phn
ng c vi dung dch HCl, va phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l

A. 2.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Gm Al; Al(OH)3; Zn(OH)2; NaHCO3.
Cu 34: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Na 2O v Al2O3 vo nc thu c dung dch X
trong sut. Thm t t dung dch HCl 1M vo X, khi ht 100 ml th bt u xut hin kt ta; khi
ht 300 ml hoc 700 ml th u thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca a v m ln lt l
A. 23,4 v 56,3.
B. 23,4 v 35,9.
C. 15,6 v 27,7.
D. 15,6 v 55,4.
S mol HCl p NaOH d trong ddX=s mol NaOH=0,1. NaAlO 2 trong ddX khi p 0,2mol
HCl to 0,2mol Al(OH)3 nn a=15,6g. Nhng khi dng 0,6mol HCl s to 0,2mol Al(OH) 3 v
mui Al3+. Vy c 0,4mol HCl p sau: AlO 2- + 4H+= Al3+ + 2H2O tng mol AlO2- l 0,2 +
0,1=0,3 nn Al2O3=0,15. Na2O s l 0,15 + 0,1/2= 0,2. vy m= 27,7
Cu 35: Cho dy cc oxit: NO2, Cr2O3, SO2, CrO3, CO2, P2O5, Cl2O7, SiO2, CuO. C bao nhiu oxit
trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH long?
A. 6.
B. 7.
C. 8.
D. 5.
Gm NO2; SO2; CrO3; CO2; P2O5; Cl2O7
Cu 36: Xt phn ng phn hy N2O5 trong dung mi CCl4 450C :
1
N2O5 N2O4 + O2
2
Ban u nng ca N2O5 l 2,33M, sau 184 giy nng ca N2O5 l 2,08M. Tc trung
bnh ca phn ng tnh theo N2O5 l
A. 1,36.10-3 mol/(l.s).
B. 6,80.10-4 mol/(l.s)
C. 6,80.10-3 mol/(l.s).
D. 2,72.10-3 mol/(l.s).
Nng N2O5 gim i = 0,25. Vy v=0,25/184=1,36.10-3.
Cu 37: Loi t no sau y c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp?
A. T visco.
B. T nitron.
C. T nilon-6,6.
D. T xenluloz axetat.
Cu 38: Mt loi phn kali c thnh phn chnh l KCl (cn li l cc tp cht khng cha kali)
c sn xut t qung xinvinit c dinh dng 55%. Phn trm khi lng ca KCl trong loi
phn kali l
A. 95,51%.
B. 87,18%.
C. 65,75%.
D. 88,52%.
dinh dng phn kali tnh bng %klg K2O. Xt 100g phn kali th c 55gK2O l
0,585mol suy ra s mol KCl=1,17mol hay 87,18g. Vy %klg KCl =87,18.
Cu 39: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) t chy hon ton este no, n chc, mch h lun thu c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O.
(b) Trong hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon v hiro.
(c) Nhng hp cht hu c c thnh phn nguyn t ging nhau, thnh phn phn t hn km
nhau mt hay nhiu nhm CH2 l ng ng ca nhau.
(d) Dung dch glucoz b kh bi AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra Ag.
(e) Saccaraz ch c cu to mch vng.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Chn a; e
Cu 40: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Mui phenylamoni clorua khng tan trong nc.
B. Tt c cc peptit u c phn ng mu biure.
C. H2N-CH2-CH2-CO-NH-CH2-COOH l mt ipeptit.
D. iu kin thng, metylamin v imetylamin l nhng cht kh c mi khai.
II. PHN RING (10 cu)
Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn ring (phn A hoc phn B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Ha hi 8,64 gam hn hp gm mt axit no, n chc, mch h X v mt axit no, a chc
Y (c mch cacbon h, khng phn nhnh) thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 2,8 gam N 2

(o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). t chy hon ton 8,64 gam hn hp hai axit trn thu
c 11,44 gam CO2. Phn trm khi lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l
A. 72,22%
B. 65,15%
C. 27,78%
D. 35,25%
T gt axit X l C nH2nO2 xmol; Y l CmH2m-2O4 ymol; v Y mch ko nhnh, h nn ch c 2
nhm COOH. S mol hh axit= 0,1. x+y=0,1 ; nx+my=0,26; (14n+32)x+ (14m+62)y=8,64 s
gii ra x=0,04 v y=0,06 v 2n + 3m= 13 nn chn n=2; %klg CH3COOH= 60.0,04/8,64=27,77
Cu 42: Cho 100 ml dung dch AgNO 3 2a mol/l vo 100 ml dung dch Fe(NO 3)2 a mol/l. Sau khi
phn ng kt thc thu c 8,64 gam cht rn v dung dch X. Cho dung dch HCl d vo X thu
c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,48
B. 14,35
C. 17,22
D. 22,96
S mol Ag+=0,2a; Fe2+=0,1a nn s to Ag l 0,1a. Vy 108.0,1a=8,64 nn a= 0,8. Sau p dd cn
0,1a mol Ag+ l 0,08 s to 0,08mol AgCl l 11,48g kt ta.
Cu 43: t chy hon ton mt lng ancol X to ra 0,4 mol CO 2 v 0,5 mol H2O. X tc dng vi
Cu(OH)2 to ra dung dch mu xanh lam. Oxi ha X bng CuO to hp cht hu c a chc Y.
Nhn xt no sau y ng vi X?
A. X lm mt mu nc brom
B. Trong X c hai nhm OH lin kt vi hai nguyn t cacbon bc hai.
C. Trong X c ba nhm CH3.
D. Hirat ha but-2-en thu c X.
S mol ancol no=0,1 nn s C=4. X c nhiu nhm OH k nhau nhng khi oxh bng CuO to
hp cht a chc vy ancol c cc nhm OH cng bc.
Cu 44: Cho cc phn ng sau:
(a) FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S
(b) Na2S + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2S
(c) 2AlCl3 + 3Na2S + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2S + 6NaCl
(d) KHSO4 + KHS K2SO4 + H2S
(e) BaS + H2SO4 (long) BaSO4 + H2S
S phn ng c phng trnh ion rt gn S2- + 2H+ H2S l
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
P b.
Cu 45: Cho s chuyn ha sau:
(a) C3H4O2 + NaOH X + Y
(b) X + H2SO4 (long) Z + T
(c) Z + dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) E + Ag + NH4NO3
(d) Y + dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (d) F + Ag +NH4NO3
Cht E v cht F theo th t l
A. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COOH
B. HCOONH4 v CH3COONH4
C. (NH4)2CO3 v CH3COONH4
D. HCOONH4 v CH3CHO
C3H4O2 l este HCOO-CH=CH2 nn X l HCOONa; Y l CH3CHO suy ra E, F nh trn.
Cu 46: Cho hn hp gm Fe v Mg vo dung dch AgNO 3, khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu
c dung dch X (gm hai mui) v cht rn Y (gm hai kim loi). Hai mui trong X l:
A. Mg(NO3)2 v Fe(NO3)2
B. Fe(NO3)2 v AgNO3
C. Fe(NO3)3 v Mg(NO3)2
D. AgNO3 v Mg(NO3)2
Cu 47: S amin bc mt c cng cng thc phn t C3H9N l
A. 4
B. 3
C. 1
D. 2
Cu 48: Nhn xt no sau y khng ng?
A. Crom l kim loi cng nht trong tt c cc kim loi
B. Nhm v crom u b th ng ha bi HNO3 c, ngui.

C. Nhm v crom u phn ng vi HCl theo cng t l s mol.

D. Vt dng lm bng nhm v crom u bn trong khng kh v nc v c mng oxit bo
v.
V crom p HCl cho crom(II) cn Al cho ha tr 3.
Cu 49: Hn hp X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi H 2 l 7,5. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c
hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 l 12,5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ha l
A. 70%
B. 60%
C. 50%
D. 80%
Mtb=15 nn t l mol =1:1. 1mol hhX th mi cht 0,5mol (va ). S mol H 2 p= smol X-s
molY= 1-0,6=0,4 l 80%.
Cu 50: Dung dch cht no sau y lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu hng?
A. axit -aminoglutaric
B. Axit , -iaminocaproic
C. Axit -aminopropionic
D. Axit aminoaxetic.
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
Cu 51: Cho dy cc cht : cumen, stiren, isopren, xiclohexan, axetilen, benzen. S cht trong dy
lm mt mu dung dch brom l
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Gm stiren; isopren; axetilen
Cu 52: Kh este no, n chc, mch h X bng LiAlH 4, thu c ancol duy nht Y. t chy
hon ton Y thu c 0,2 mol CO 2 v 0,3 mol H2O. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X thu c tng
khi lng CO2 v H2O l
A. 24,8 gam
B. 28,4 gam
C. 16,8 gam
D. 18,6 gam
S mol ancol=0,1 v s C=2 l etanol; nn este l CH 3COOC2H5 s mol este=0,1; vy s mol
CO2=H2O=0,4. Tng klg= 24,8g
Cu 53: C cc cht sau : keo dn ure-fomanehit; t lapsan; t nilon-6,6; protein; si bng;
amoniaxetat; nha novolac. Trong cc cht trn, c bao nhiu cht m trong phn t ca chng c
cha nhm NH-CO-?
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 6
Cu 54: Cho cc pht biu sau v cacbohirat:
(a) Tt c cc cacbohirat u c phn ng thy phn.
(b) Thy phn hon ton tinh bt thu c glucoz.
(c) Glucoz, fructoz v mantoz u c phn ng trng bc.
(d) Glucoz lm mt mu nc brom.
S pht biu ng l:
A. 3
B. 4
C. 1
D. 2
Gm b,c,d
H 3O +
KCN
Y
Cu 55: Cho s chuyn ha : CH3Cl
X
t0
Cng thc cu to X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3NH2, CH3COOH
B. CH3NH2, CH3COONH4
C. CH3CN, CH3COOH
D. CH3CN, CH3CHO
Cu 56: Cho 18,4 gam hn hp X gm Cu2S, CuS, FeS2 v FeS tc dng ht vi HNO3 (c nng
d) thu c V lt kh ch c NO2 ( ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y
vo mt lng d dung dch BaCl2, thu c 46,6 gam kt ta, cn khi cho ton b Y tc dng vi
dung dch NH3 d thu c 10,7 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 38,08
B. 11,2
C. 24,64
D. 16,8
S mol S=s mol BaSO4 = 0,2; s mol Fe= Fe(OH) 3=0,1 nn s mol Cu trong hhX= 0,1. Tng
mol e= 0,2.6 +0,1.3 +0,1.2= 1,7 suy ra c 1,7mol NO2 l 38,08 lt.
Cu 57 : Dung dch X gm CH3COOH 0,03 M v CH3COONa 0,01 M. Bit 250C, Ka ca
CH3COOH l 1,75.10-5, b qua s phn li ca nc. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X 250C l

A. 6,28
B. 4,76
C. 4,28
D. 4,04
Gi x l nng axit phn li th K= (x+0,01).x/(0,03-x) gii ra x suy ra pH.
Cu 58: Cho cc pht biu sau
(a) Kh CO2 gy ra hin tng hiu ng nh knh
(b) Kh SO2 gy ra hin tng ma axit.
(c) Khi c thi ra kh quyn, freon (ch yu l CFCl3 v CF2Cl2) ph hy tng ozon
(d) Moocphin v cocain l cc cht ma ty
S pht biu ng l
A. 2
B. 4
C. 3
D. 1
Gm a; b; c.
Cu 59: Nhn xt no sau y khng ng
A. SO3 v CrO3 u l oxit axit.
B. Al(OH) 3 v Cr(OH)3 u l hiroxit lng tnh v c tnh kh.
C. BaSO4 v BaCrO4 hu nh khng tan trong nc.
D. Fe(OH)2 v Cr(OH)2 u l baz v c tnh kh.
0
0
0
Cu 60 : Cho E pin ( Zn Cu ) = 1,10V ; EZn2+ / Zn = 0, 76V v E Ag + / Ag = +0,80V . Sut in ng chun ca
pin in ha Cu-Ag l
A. 0,56 V
B. 0,34 V
C. 0,46 V
D. 1,14 V