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LC S LIU TRONG SPSS 1.S liu n gin: Dng Sort cases : 1.Vo file d liu trong Data Editor 2.Vo cc folder: Data Sort cases Chn tn bin cn kim tra Chn Ascending hay Descending 2. Dng Find tm v sa li: M Data view, chn bin cn sa, trong Edit chn Find, nhp gi tr bin cn sa tm s liu nhp sai v sa (nn tm ID kim tra) 3. Dng Frequencies: 1.Vo file d liu trong Data Editor + Vo cc folder: * Analysis/Discreptive Statistics/Frequencies R sat gi tr ca bin theo Frequencies hay Tables of Frequencies tm s liu nhm ln C th dng Find (Edit, Find, tn bin) tm v sa li 3. R sat gi tr ca bin theo Frequencies hay Tables of frequencies tm s liu nhm ln Dng Find (Edit, Find, tn bin) tm v sa li 2.S liu phc tp
Dng Select cases tm li logic : vo Data Editor Data, Select cases, Chn bin Chn If condition is satisfied Chn If, chn bin v iu kin ca bin vo ct phi Continue, OK Data Editor, xem ct ngoi cng bn tri: cc phiu c gch cho l khng c x l Mun tr li trng thi ban u dng All cases

Dng Select cases tm li logic : vo Data Editor

1. Data, Select cases, Chn bin 2. Chn If condition is satisfied/

3. 3. If. V d trong qu trnh nhp gi: nam l 1; n l 2. Nhng trong qu trnh nhp c th nhp ln s l 3,4,8. kim tra xem c nhp ln s hay khng ta t iu kin cho bin s pht hin sai st trong qu trnh nhp: bng cch ta nhp iu kin ca gii vo Chn If, chn iu kin ca bin vo ct phi

gioi > 0 & gioi < 3 Lu : i vi bin nh tnh phi trong ngoc kp. Hoc
tuoi > 14 and tuoi < 50 Continue, OK Data Editor, xem ct ngoi cng bn tri: cc phiu c gch cho l cc phiu khng tha mn iu kin trn s khng c x l. Thiu d liu (thiu mu NC) Mun tr li trng thi ban u : dng All cases 3. Dng Crostab tm li: Vo Data Editor, chn Crostab bng: Analyze, Discreptive Statistics, Crostab Nhp bin vo Row v Column (nn nhp thm ID) Statistics, Continue, OK Tm theo ID sa li

XC NH S LNG, T L BIN NH TNH 1. Bin n: xc nh s lng, t l:

Analyze- Discreptive Statistics- frequencies- chn loi bin: (gii)- chn Chart chn none- chn Continue- OK
2.

Bin kp : xc nh s lng, t l mt bin s theo tnh cht: v d:

tnh tng nhm th lc theo gii tnh

Analyze- Discreptive Statistics-Crosstables- chn bin xc nh vo ROW, chn bin tnh cht vo Column Vo CELL chn cc gi tr lin quan: Obcerved, row, column, total -Continue- OK

XC NH S LNG, GI TR TRUNG BNH, LCH CHUN BIN NH LNG

1. Xc nh gi tr trung bnh v lch chun MT BIN NH LNG LIN TC n gin: 1.Vo Data view 2.Analyse/ Descriptive Statistics/ Descriptive 3.Chn bin cn xc nh 4.Trong Option chn gi tr cn tm: mean, SD, SE, 5. OK 2. BIN S NH LNG X S TRUNG BNH v LCH CHUN theo tnh cht 1.Analyse/Compare Means/Means 2.Chn bin cn xc nh vo Dependent (ph thuc) tui 3.Chn bin xc nh tnh cht vo Independent (c lp) gii 4.Ty chn Option: + Chn Means, SD,.. Qua Cell Statistics + Continue/OK V BIU CHIA THNH NHIU NHM TNH T L THEO NHM TRANSFORM/Recode/Into defferent variables Nhp bin cn chia nhm vo : String variables/Output variables: v d:tui Nhmt3 (Label: nhm tui) chn change: tui Nhmt3 Chn Old and new value vo new value nhp gi tr nhm mi: nhom1/ vao Range nhp gia tr nhm1: vd 1 thoguh 30 hoc Range lowest trough 31 nhom2 31 thoguh 50/nhom3 Range highest trough 51 + Continue/OK V d: Nu nhiu nhm xp vo mt nhm th xp nh sau: vd mun xp: M ch, TH Hc vn thp
THCS, THPT -Hc vn thp trung bnh Cng, H Hc vn cao ta lm nh sau:

Vo Old value chn s 0 (m ch) vo New value chn HV thap 1 (tiu hc) vo New value chn HV thap Vo Old value chn s 2 (m ch) vo New value chn HVtb 3 (THCS) vo New value chn HVtb Vo Old value chn s 4 (THPT) vo New value chn HVcao Vo Old value chn s 5 (CD,DH) vo New value chn HVcao

+ Continue/OK
TNH T L THEO NHM 1. BiN N: Dng Frequencies: Vo file d liu trong Data Editor Analysis/Discreptive Statistics/Frequencies Chn cc gi tr trong bng Frequencies: 2. BIN KP: xc nh s lng, t l mt bin s theo tnh cht: v d: tnh tng nhm th lc theo gii tnh Analyze- Discreptive Statistics-Crosstables- chn bin xc nh vo ROW, chn bin tnh cht vo Column Vo CELL chn cc gi tr lin quan: Obcerved, row, column, total -Continue- OK

LNH COMPUTE Xy dng 1 bin mi trn c s cc bin c:

VD: BMI t chiu cao, cn nng : BMI = cannang/(chieucao x chieu cao) Ngy iu tr = C.TIME. DAY (Ngy ra vin ngy vo vin) Tui iu tra = C.TIME. DAY (Ngy thng nm iu tra - Ngy thng nm sinh) X 365.25

Transform/Compute/Target Variable: t tn bin mi: BMI/ vo Type & Label dn nhn cho bin mi/ dng cc phm chc nng (Function) nhp cng thc tnh vo Mumeric Expression/OK

LNH COUNT: tnh ton (m) cc gi tr ca bin s:

Trc khi tnh ton phi chuyn t bin nh tnh sang bin nh lng
Transform/Counnt t tn bin cn tnh gi tr vo Target Variable/ a bin cn tng hp tnh ton (m) vo Numeric Variable/Chn Define Value, a gi tr cn xc nh (cn m) vo Value (Vd: Mun m gi tr c nghe i s1/(khng nghe i s 2) th ta nhp vo Value s 1) m tt c s 1 trn cc bin cn m) /chn Add/+ Continue/OK CHU : Vi bin nh tnh (String) mun dng lnh COUNT phi chuyn i thnh bin nh lng (numeric) ri mi M c: VD: nghe radio, c bo, bin trinhdo (String) trc mun xp nhm phi i thnh bin nh lng (numeric).
Undefined error #60706 - Cannot open text file "C:\PROGRA~1\SPSS\en\wind

chia3nhomtuoi

Valid nhom1 nhom2 nhom3 Total

Frequency S lng 1 37 121 51 210

Percent T l % .5 17.6 57.6 24.3 100.0

Valid Percent .5 17.6 57.6 24.3 100.0

Cumulative Percentf T l cng dn .5 18.1 75.7 100.0

Nhm tui theo gii no c t l Nam cao nht? Vo anlyz-Descriptive- crosstable

chia3nhomtuoi
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 nhom1 nhom2 nhom3

chia3nhomtuoi

8nhomtuoi Cumulative Percent 5.7 10.5

Valid

nhom1 nhom2

Frequency 12 10

Percent 5.7 4.8

Valid Percent 5.7 4.8

Undefined error #60706 - Cannot open text file "C:\PROGRA~1\SPSS\en\wind Undefined error #60706 - Cannot open text file "C:\PR

nhom3 nhom5 nhom6 nhom7 nhom8 Total

39 33 35 30 51 210

18.6 15.7 16.7 14.3 24.3 100.0

18.6 15.7 16.7 14.3 24.3 100.0

29.0 44.8 61.4 75.7 100.0

8nhomtuoi
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 nhom1 nhom2 nhom3 nhom5 nhom6 nhom7 nhom8

8nhomtuoi

3 nhom trinh do hoc van Frequency 153 38 19 210 Percent 72.9 18.1 9.0 100.0 Valid Percent 72.9 18.1 9.0 100.0 Cumulative Percent 72.9 91.0 100.0

Valid

hocvantb hocvanth ocvancao Total

3 nhom trinh do hoc van

200

100

0 hocvantb hocvanth ocvancao

3 nhom trinh do hoc van

Case Processing Summary Cases Valid N 3 nhom trinh do hoc van * GIOI 210 Percent 100.0% N 0 Missing Percent .0% N 210 Total Percent 100.0%

3 nhom trinh do hoc van * GIOI Crosstabulation

GIOI nam 3 nhom trinh do hoc van hocvantb Count % within 3 nhom trinh do hoc van Count % within 3 nhom trinh do hoc van Count % within 3 nhom trinh do hoc van Count % within 3 nhom trinh do hoc van 88 57.5% 18 47.4% 8 42.1% 114 54.3% nu 65 42.5% 20 52.6% 11 57.9% 96 45.7% Total 153 100.0% 38 100.0% 19 100.0% 210 100.0%

hocvanth

ocvancao

Total

chia nhom3 Cumulative Percent 63.3 76.2 100.0

Valid

nhom1 nhom2 nhom3 Total

Frequency 133 27 50 210

Percent 63.3 12.9 23.8 100.0

Valid Percent 63.3 12.9 23.8 100.0

chia nhom3 * GIOI Crosstabulation GIOI nam chia nhom3 nhom1 Count Expected Count % within chia nhom3 % within GIOI % of Total Count Expected Count % within chia nhom3 % within GIOI % of Total nhom3 Count Expected Count % within chia 70 72.2 52.6% 61.4% 33.3% 15 14.7 55.6% 13.2% 7.1% 29 27.1 58.0% nu 63 60.8 47.4% 65.6% 30.0% 12 12.3 44.4% 12.5% 5.7% 21 22.9 42.0% Total 133 133.0 100.0% 63.3% 63.3% 27 27.0 100.0% 12.9% 12.9% 50 50.0 100.0%

nhom2

Undefined error #60868 - Cannot open text file "C:\PROGR

nhom3 % within GIOI % of Total Count Expected Count % within chia nhom3 % within GIOI % of Total 25.4% 13.8% 114 114.0 54.3% 100.0% 54.3% 21.9% 10.0% 96 96.0 45.7% 100.0% 45.7% 23.8% 23.8% 210 210.0 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Total

bieu do BMI theo goi

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 nhom1 nhom2 nhom3 nam nu

GIOI

chia nhom3

Ui ng dng compute tinh tui Snthongtin a

Frequency 133 27 50 210

chia nhom3 Cumulative Percent 63.3 76.2 100.0

Valid

nhom1 nhom2 nhom3 Total

Percent 63.3 12.9 23.8 100.0

Valid Percent 63.3 12.9 23.8 100.0

Count

Undefined error #60706 - Cannot o

NHOMTT
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 nhom1 nhom2 nhom3

NHOMTT

KIM NH CC TRUNG BNH

1.Kim nh 1 trung bnh l thuyt vi 1 trung bnh nghin cu:
M file d liu-Analyse/Compare Means/One-Samples T-test (1TB l thuyt v 1 TB NC)/Chn bin cn kim nh / Xc nh gi tr cn kim nh: Test value/xc nh tin cy bng Option chn Confidence Interval 95% (mc nh)/chn Exact/Continue/OK

Kt lun:
Da vo Bng Test Value/ct Sig.(2-tailed) gi tr P= Nu (V) p=.>0,05 nn khng c s khc bit gia .trung bnh ca nhm N/cu so vi TB l thuyt vi tin cy.(95%)

2.Kim nh 2 trung bnh

M file d liu-Analyse/Compare Means/Independent--Samples T-test /Chn bin cn kim nh / Test variable: TUI (bin nh lng)/Grouping variable: GII (bin nh tnh)/ Define group (1: nam; 2 n)/ /Continue/OK

Kt lun:
Da vo Bng Independent Test / c da vo ct: Levenes Test for Equality of Variances (dng cho 2 test c 2 Phng sai tng ng): * Nu 1. c Levenes Test: v Sig = 0,626>0,05 nn hai phng sai l tng ngTip theo c kt qu ct t-test for Equality Dng 1 Equal variances assumed ( c cho trng hp 2 gi tr trung bnh c Phng sai/ lch chun tng ng), 2. Dng 1: (ti ct Sig.2-tailed) c Sig.2-tailed = 0,354>0,05 nn trung bnh tui ca 2 nhm nam v n l khng khc bit vi tin cy 95%

* Nu c Levenes Test: v Sig = <0,05 nn hai phng sai l khng tng ng- Tip theo c kt qu ct t-test for Equality Dng 2 Equal variances not assumed ( c cho trng hp 2 gi tr trung bnh c Phng sai/ lch chun
khng tng ng),

3.Kim nh >2 trung bnh: Oneway ANOVA

M file d liu-Analyse/Compare Means/one-way ANOVA/Chn bin nh lng cn kim nh a vo Dependent list (cn nng)/ Chn bin phn loi cn kim nh a vo Factor (ni )/ - Chn Option: c gi tr trung bnh cc nhm: + Chn Descriptive; + Chn Homogeneity of Variances/ 2 s la chn ny nhm xc nh loi thng k m t v tnh ng nht ca phng sai gip kim nh s ngang bng v phng sai gia cc nhm (test thng k Leven quyt nh n s la chn phng php kim nh trong phn Post Hoc); Cng c: Means Plot dng hin th th v gi tr trung bnh ca cc nhm; Cng c:Missing Value dng kim sot gi tr khuyt: Exclude cases analysis by analysis: nhng trng hp c gi tr khuyt trong bin ph thuc v bin
kim sot s khng c a vo trong kim nh. Ngoi ra nhng trng hp c gi tr quan st nm bn ngoi chui xc nh cho bin kim sot cng khng c s dng. Exclude cases listwise: nhng trng hp c gi tr khuyt cases trong bin iu khin hoc

bt k bin ph thuc no c a ra hoc khng c a ra kim nh b loi tr ra khi qu trnh phn tch ( Trong tng th cc phng sai ca cc mu d liu phi tng ng (s c kim nh bng test thng k Levenes Homogeneity of Variances) - Chn Post Hoc: so snh s khc bit tng cp gia cc nhm (nhm no khc bit vi nhm no): + Chn LSD nu cc phng sai bng nhau; + Chn Dunnett T3 nu phng sai khng bng nhau /Continue/OK (khng chn Contracts)? c kt qu: Da vo 2 Test sau: 1. Test thng k Levenes Homogeneity of Variances): Nu: Sig. = p= >0,05 cc phng sai tng ng c kt qu bng Test LSD ; Nu: Sig. = p= <0,05 cc phng sai khng tng ng c kt qu bng Test Dunnett T3; 2. Test ANOVA

Kt lun da vo Sig = P=.>0,05 nn ta chp nhn gi thuyt Ho ngha l khng c s khc bit (trung bnh trng lng cc vng sinh sng) vi tin cy 95 % Lu : + Nu: Sig. = p= >0,05 cc phng sai tng ng c kt qu bng Test LSD ; + Nu: Sig. = p= <0,05 cc phng sai khng tng ng c kt qu bng Test Dunnett T3; (Nu nhm phng sai: tng ng hoc khng tng ng th th kt lun c th b khc bit nhau)

KIM NH CC T L TRONG SPSS

1. Kim nh 1 t l l thuyt vi 1 t l nghin cu: M file d liu-Analyse/Nonparametric Test/Chi-Quare/ Chn bin cn phn tch a vo Test Variable list (nu l bin nh tnh phi chuyn thnh bin nh lng mi a vo c) /a cc gi tr ln lt vo Expected value:Po, 1-Po/OK Kt lun:
Khi Cells<0,25 th kt lun nh sau: Nu Asymp.Sig. = P>0,05 (nn ta chp nhn Ho) ngha l khng c s khc bit (P<0,05 C s khc bit) gia t l nghin cu (P1=) v t l l thuyt (P2=) vi tin cy l 95% ..99% (da vo cch chn: Asymtotic only: c gi tr 95% Monte Carlo (mc nh) 99% (v c th iu chnh 96%...98%) Lu : Khi Cells>0,25 th d c Asymp.Sig. = P>0,05 th cng khng kt lun c m phi dng test khc kim nh

2. Kim nh 2 t l
M file d liu-Analyse/Descriptive Statistics/Crosstabs/ Chn bin Ph thuc (hu qu) (v d xem tivi) cn Phn tch a vo Row/ Chn bin c lp (Nguyn nhn) (v d: Gii: nam, n) cn Phn tch a vo Column/ Chn Cells: chn Observed, chn Row/Column/Total/ Chn Statistics: chn Chi-Quare/Chn Exact/OK (Asymtotic only: c gi tr 95%)

Kt lun: kt lun mi lin h gia 2 bin c lp hay ph thuc vo nhau ta da vo ch s Asymptotic Significance vi s mu ln hoc phn phi l phn phi chun. Asym-Sig (p-value)= P=> 0,05 (nn ta chp

nhn Ho) ngha l khng c s khc bit (P<0,05 C s khc bit) gia 2 t

l ...(nam) v t l.(n) trong..(xem tivi) vi tin cy:. (95%) * xc nh mi quan h gia 2 bin trong bng cho ta s dng cc ch s sau:
1. Pearson Chi-Quare v Likelihood Ratio ta c th kim nh lin h gia 2 bin m khng cn quan tm n s lng hng v ct trong bng. 2. Linear-by- linear association khi m cc bin trong bng l bin nh lng. 3. Yates corrected hay cn gi l Continuity Correction nh gi mi tng quan gia hai bin trong bng 2x2; 4. Fishers Exact Test: dng cho mu nghin cu nh (<20) v cc gi tr mong i nh (tn sut xut hin mong mun trong mt phn giao nhau gia 2 bin trong bng (cell)<5)

* o lng cng ca cc mi quan h gia cc bin ta dng cng c thng k Correlate M file d liu-Analyse/ Correlate/Bivariate/
Chn 2 bin cn xt tng quan a vo Variable Trong Option chn Mean and Std deviation v Exclude cases pairwise/OK. c kt qu cng ca cc mi quan h (R=) l ni giao nhau gia 2 bin trong bng

Ch thch: trong bng Chi-Quare Tests:

128 (b): b: Cell= tng hng x tng ct/gi tr Cells: <5 gi tr k vng (<5) - Exact. Sig (1-sided) ch c mt chiu: khng c s khc bit(khng c so snh khc nhau); Exact. Sig (2-sided): c so snh c s khc bit hay khng - Continuity Correction (a): test ny ch dng cho bng 2x2 - Likelihood Ratio: test ny dng kim nh t l c nhy, c hiu (XN) - Fishers Exact Test: test ny dng cho mu nh c k vng Cells >0,25 - Trong nghin cu khng missing - Trnh by mi quan h phi nhim-bnh theo bng 2 x n vi qui c yu t phi nhim trnh by theo hng v yu t bnh trnh by theo ct. kt qu kim nh ng tin cy th cc s liu trong bng cho gia 2 bin ang kho st phi tha mn iu kin sau: + Khng tn ti bt k giao nhau gia 2 bin c gi tr mong i <1 + Khng vt qu 20% lng giao nhau gia 2 bin c gi tr<5 3. Kim nh >2 t l (cc bc tin hnh ging nh kim nh 2 t l)

M file d liu-Analyse/Descriptive Statistics/Crosstabs/ Chn bin Ph thuc (hu qu) (v d xem tivi) cn Phn tch a vo Row/ Chn bin c lp (Nguyn nhn) (v d: Gii: nam, n) cn Phn tch a vo Column/ Chn Cells: chn Observed, chn Row/Column/Total/ Chn Statistics: chn Chi-Quare/Chn Exact/OK (Asymtotic only: c gi tr 95%)