16.

xy ' ' + ( 2 − 2 x ) y ' + ( x − 2 ) y = 0

Penyelesaian:
∞ ∞ ∞

 ∑ (m + r − 1) (m + r ) a
m=0
m x m + r − 2 +(2 – 2x) ∑ (m + r ) a
m=0
m x m + r −1 +(x – 2) ∑a
m=0
m xm+ r = 0

∞ ∞ ∞

 ∑ ( m + r − 1) (m + r ) a m x +2 ∑ ( m + r ) am x -2 ∑ ( m + r ) a m x +
m + r −1 m + r −1 m+r

m =0 m=0 m =0

∞ ∞

∑a
m =0
m x
m + r +1
-2 ∑a
m=0
m xm+ r = 0

Langkah 1;mencari r
x r −1 (pilih yang terkecil)
Substitusi:
r (r -1)a0+ 2r a0 = 0
(r2 -1)a0+ 2r a0 = 0
(r2 –r +2r) a0 = 0
(r2 + r ) a0 = 0
r (r +1) = 0
r1 = 0 r2= -1
selisih r1 dan r2 bilngan bulat, maka merupakan kasus 3 dengan solusi:
y1 (x) = x r1 (a0 + a1 x + a2 x2+ ....)
y2 (x) = k y1 (x) ln (x) + x r2 (A0 + A1 x + A2 x2+ ....)

Langkah 2; mencari koefisien a0, a1, a2 , ... dan A0, A1, A2, ...
x m +r −1 = x s + r x m+r = x s+r x m +r +1 = x s + r
m + r – 1= s + r m+r=s+r m+r+ 1=s+r
m=s+1 m=s m=s–1

substitusi:
(s + 1 + r -1) (s + 1 + r) as + 1+ 2 (s + 1 + r) as + 1 -2 (s + r) as + as – 1 – 2 as = 0
(s + r) (s + 1 + r) as + 1 + (2s + 2 + 2r) as + 1 – (2s +2r) as + as – 1 – 2 as = 0
(s2 + 2 sr + s + r + r2 + 2s + 2 + 2r) as + 1 = (2s +2r - 2) as + as – 1
(s2 + 2 sr + 3s + 3r + r2 + 2) as + 1 = (2s +2r - 2) as + as – 1
 (2 s + 2r − 2)a s + a s −1
as + 1 =
s + 2sr + 3s + 3r + r 2 + 2
2

(2s − 2)a s + a s −1
untuk r = 0, diperoleh as + 1 =
s 2 + 3s + 2
(2(0) − 2)a0 + a −1 − 2a 0 + a −1
s = 0, maka a1 = =
0 2 + 3(0) + 2 2
(2(1) − 2)a1 + a0 a0
s = 1, maka a2 = =
12 + 3(1) + 2 6

(2(2) − 2) a 2 + a1 2a 2 + a1 2 0  + a1 a0 + 3a1 a 0 + 3a1

a
s = 2, maka a3 = = =  6  = 3 =
2 2 + 3(2) + 2 12 36
12 12

(2s − 4) As + As −1
untuk r = -1, diperoleh As+1 =
s 2 − 2 s + 3s
(2(0) − 2) A0 + A−1 − 2 A0 + A−1
s = 0, maka A1 = =
0 2 − 2(0) + 3(0) 0
(2(1) − 2) A1 + A0 A0
s = 1, maka A2 = =
12 − 2(1) + 3(1) 2

(2(2) − 2) A2 + A1 2 A2 + A1 2 0  + A1 A0 + A1
A
s = 2, maka A3 = 2 = =  2  =
2 − 2(2) + 3(2) 6 6
6

∴ Jadi, solusi dari persamaan di atas adalah

y1 (x) = x r1 (a0 + a1 x + a2 x2+ ....)
− 2a 0 + a −1 a a + 3a1 3
y1 (x) = x 0 ( a0 + x + 0 x2 + 0 x + ... )
2 6 36

− 2a 0 + a −1 a a + 3a1 3
y1 (x) = a0 + x + 0 x2 + 0 x + ...
2 6 36
atau,
y2 (x) = k y1 (x) ln (x) + x r2 (A0 + A1 x + A2 x2+ ....)
− 2a 0 + a −1 a a + 3a1 3 − 2 A0 + A−1
y2 (x) = k ( a0 + x + 0 x2 + 0 x + ... ) ln (x) + x -1( +
2 6 36 0

A0 A + A1
+ 0 + …)
2 6