Week 3 Version 1

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Time allowed: 15 minutes. 1. (4 marks) Let f (x) = x+2 . x+7

(a) Find the maximal domain S of f (x), and the range T of f (x). (b) Prove that f (x), considered as a function from S to T, has an inverse function g (x). Find a formula for g (x).

2. (2 marks) Find the x -coordinate of each stationary point of y = Determine the type of each stationary point.

x . 1 + x4

3. (2 marks) 1 1 Solve > . 3x + 1 2x 3

Week 3 Version 1

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4. (2 marks) Show that ln(sinh x) < x ln 2 for x > 0.

Week 3 Version 1

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1. (a) Maximal Domain: x R, x = 7 ; Range: y R, y = 1 (b) f (x) = x+2 x+75 5 = =1 x+7 x+7 x+7 5 > 0 for all x in the domain. f ( x) = 0 + (x + 7)2 Since the curve is monotonic increasing, it is one-to-one. [And since the codomain of f is its range, T, f (x) is onto.] Thus, it has an inverse function. f (y ) = x 1 5 =x y+7

5 =1x y+7 5 =y+7 1x 5 7 y= 1x So f 1 (x) = g (x) = 5 7 1x

2. y =

x 1 + x4 Using the quotient rule: dy (1 + x4 ) 1 x (4x3 ) = dx (1 + x4 )2 1 3 x4 = (1 + x4 )2 = 0 1 3x4 = 0 1 x4 = 3 1 x=4 . 3 dy = 0, so there are two stationary points. dx 1 13 At x = 0, y = > 0, and at x = 1, y = <0 1 (1 + 1)2 Stationary points occur when The stationary point at x = Since y =
4

1 is a maximum. 3

x is an odd function, it has point symmetry about the origin. 1 + x4

4

the stationary point at x =

1 is a minimum. 3

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3.

1 1 > 3x + 1 2x 3 Critical Points: 3x + 1 = 0 and 2x 3 = 0 1 3 x = and x = 3 2 1 1 Equality: = 3x + 1 2x 3 3x + 1 = 2x 3 x = 4 Draw a number line and test points in each region:

Figure 1: Number Line 1 1 > : TRUE 14 13 1 1 > : FALSE x = 1 : 2 5 1 1 x=0: > : TRUE 1 3 1 1 x = 2 : > : FALSE 7 1 1 1 3 1 > has solutions < x < and x < 4 3x + 1 2x 3 3 2 x = 5 :

4. For x > 0, ex ex < ex , since ex > 0 for all x R. ln(ex ex ) < x ln(ex ex ) ln 2 < x ln 2 ex ex ln < x ln 2 2 ln(sinh x) < x ln 2 as required.