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1- ethernet
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1- ethernet lan :

bus topology consistes of singel trunk of coaxial cable .


access method : carrier sense media access / collision detection ( csma
/ cd )
transmission rate 10 m b/s up to 100 m b/s .
. $  "( 9 ( thick ,thin )  ( coaxial cable ) : - $ =  : 
thin

cheaper
maximum length 185 m
used to wired from workstation to
the next to form single lineer trunk
and fitted with bnc . connector
which plugs into t - connector

thick

expencive
maxmum length soo m
used as back bone to connect
multiple netwarks .

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2- token ring :

access method : token passing is used in ring topology


it can take on the appearance of star topology
cables: can be twisted pair
cables : can be twisted paire
transmission speed : 4 m b/s to 16 m b /s
total length of the entire ringe can not exceed 366 m .

- 28 -

 
(

EXPAND THE NETWORK)

: 

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advenced computer communecation ; santa barbara ca


cisco system ; menolo park,ca
gateway communication ; irvine , ca
retixcorp ; santa monica , ca
proteon; westborough ,ma

GATEWAY :
NETWARK

& .  0 A   )  )  &'" %

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IBM

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- 36 -

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- 38 -

packet - switching

Networks

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- 39 -


 

( netwark interface ) : " !    # ( netwark interface card )   


( !topology ) %&'("  *&) # +! ( access methods ) $
345 678 )0# :&0  ('&:; ""8 "5 ./ )0#  .
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NETWARK INTERFACE METHODS

AND TOPOLOGIES

- 40 -

         


  

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) -2

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UNSHIELD TWISTED PAIR UTP OR

) # =  #E (RING

. @!   ,  @,-   , ?  ! ! (SHIELDED


 F (COAXIAL

COPPER CABLE

) =  $ # #  (!

)  . ( 5 (FIBER OPTIC ) # # 8! (TWISTED PAIR )

. (BACK BONE )

-NETWARK CONECTION OVER VIEW


NETWARK INTERFACE

:   $ !# 
.
,& 

) $ #+ !,    .  +  !

$!! @,- .   . ( CABLES ) $ #+ =  8! (CABLE

G ## ( ACCESS METHOD & TOPOLOGY )   $!  


5  ' ! 

.  ,!+  ,#% !     % >!

! . . % .

- 41 -

$  $%   ), !  # 


, #
+

.  # )*  5 # -4# # ;!   .  +  !! $!%

,#!  *  


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$,# (DIFFERENT
ACCESS TO

INTERRUPT LINE

NIC

) $ #+ !, $  

) .A#  #  '   ##

)  , ,  # '- (MICRO PROCESSOR ) 

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 ! . ( ISA - BUS


MICRO


.( # (11 INTERRUPT

) #
,   5!# 
! (

) 11 INTERRUPT )

ISA BUS

) 5 '! %

*  $ I(# C  5 # 2)! ! ( ISA - BUS ) ! (PROCESSOR

) 
#% ( MICRO PROCESSOR 386 ) .
, + 8! . ,#! 

#
, E5 ( ISA - BUS ) ! ( 16 - 33 MHz )   "!,## (ISA - BUS

,#!  *  


)+= #  2)! %- ! ( 8 MHz ) !#

. . 
(THROUGHPUT ) $ # 8!
:EISA BUS

 (#! , !-# 



  (# .-! (EISA )  #! , !-# #

I( 2 $   !!# !! )+ '! ! ( ISA ) 


)+
.  !% !!# $  5 9

( SEPRATE I/O & PROCESSOR BUS )  ! I ( ( EISA )  # #!


#%# # ,#!  *  E5 8! )9  (#  2)! !
  .   ( EISA ),#%#! ( HIGH SPEED DISK I /O ) -%# (EISA )

.#  ,? (PINS )  


'-## 85 (32- BIT BUS )  !
) HA 
(EISA ) ! (ISA ) ' ,#  C! HA 5! . (ISA )
. ,#!  *  $ 5 (MOTHER

BOARD

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) 
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SLOT

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8

) .
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J#  )+ ,#% ! ( EISA ) , 

- 42 -

(8 MHz ) .
, $% (ISA ) ,  
J#  )+ $ ? .?=? (MHz

  $%# # * + 5 ! ! !#  '-# (EISA ) E5 8! .

. ( SERVER )

: . ,    

TASKS OF NETWORK INTERFACE CARD

8! . ,  .-! 2)!#  ' #     


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$
 #-(   ( SESSION )  7#5 # 

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. % )*  G6! !# $ #+ !,  # :%   .5 6+ 


LARGE BUFFER OR FASTER

)  ,  
)+  (#

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HANDSHAKING

) -1

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COMMUNICATION )

F #+ $!
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.PACKETS  ( .    $ .
, $? (PARAMETERS
)  ( 8! (

TIME- OUT PARAMETERS

) $ #+ C! ) #

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HA    $ # !, ! !. ( 5  . (HANDSHAKING

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= !(#   
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. 
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! (SERIAL

- 43 -

CONVERSION

 ,#!  * 

$ (

PARALLEL - TO -

PARALLEL

) 

)    $ !(# 
, 

. . !,#  ! . 


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COMPERSSION

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E5 $% .-( 5 $ #+ , 


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( BUFFER ) 
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@,- 8 ! .  .( # 7#!

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- 44 -

.  .  , , 5  (#


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CPU  5

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(DAM )

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BUS MASTRING
BUS MASTRING

. % $ #F ,  ! I ( . . A

(CPU )

. *, $ 4# (!INTERRUT )

## # ' ( *  


-5 ,5!#

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$%

3

(CPU &CARD )

MESTRING )

 $5 . (  5!EISA )

. % 70 K % 20  )+ G5, (BUS MASTRING ) E5  # !.


NETWORK INTERFACE CARD DRIVERS :

.   , :%  ,!# #   $ # ,  ), 

)  2!#(! ,    ( DRIVER )  ! % ,  

#  $% .-( 
 ,# #   A  .
!  
(DRIVER

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: #9

DRIVER


.( #  !% 

CARD CONFIGRATION
CABLE ACCESS METHOD


 !% -1


 !% -2


 !% -3
) 60Q V7; <XG )0# K0 %'Q<

COMNUNICATION FACTURES

(EXCHANGE IPX

INTERNETWORK PACKET

. +! %$

:; #"  Y< 8 %&'( 678 " & < &)  Z
. 478 ) !   @ &0# %K; <8 678 /[
TOKEN RING & ETHERNET ) < 8 )0# 6$ IEEE %0?<;
. &7 < 8)  0#   ;6\<; )& . (CARD
( DIAGNOSTIC ) ];  )^( [:; /G #; :&0 < &8
. &) 

GOLABAL ADDRESSING :

- 45 -

topology : 

;  ('& :; :#; <"  8 '8 6G !X 6 35 :;


: 6`_ ( 70KG ) 4* :; . (topology ) 60Q
1- linear bus .
2- star .
3- ring .
4- combihantion of these .
physical ) 4<& ( logical ring

) &:&0 ( token ring ) XG 6


.(star
7# G 6G 0( row ) a$ %  b 6G 5; )0# K; M
. %'.<; ( &liner bus ) XG
: 4 0Q0 GQ0 ( network topology ) de "5 67 0G
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
THIK ETHERNET (10 BASE 5)
THIN ETHERNET (10 BAS 2 )
TWISTED PAIR ETHERNET ( 10 BASE T)
FIBER OPTIC ETHERNET
TWISTED PAIR TOKEN RING
COAXIAL STAR
COAXIAL BUS
TWISTED PAIR STAR
TWISTED PAIR BUS

MAXIMUM SEGMENT DISTANCE


500 METERS
185 METERS
100 METERS
2 KM
100 METERS
609 METERS
305 METERS
122 METERS
122 METERS

:  &[
);# :0e :; '# ('&6G "Q .   &) !
"Y 4 6'0 34\   D ZY 6G . %&'( J 6G g0 %;4
ZK R# 6G ( coaxial coble or twisted pair ) )D; )& :; 
)&   %K O! 6G"  &[ YX 34\; 6'0& Z
. 4<;  D;) 8 678 "0# .
%70 %V7& -1
. 6<'; 34\ %;Z&'[ 7 %0& -2
. )" "e shielding &[%0Y 7. -3
./78 % K0; 7#07 &[:;X ;"-4
#Q :& interface "e %L %L) j. / ( coaxial copper cable ) [D0G
; 678 #Q :&" 5 %8 :;X %&;X 30 ( fiber optic ) +! . 68
. #. k / 4<; D kj /7G ( twisted pair ) %'Q< ; . :&0
) *'&6G %$' ; ' # "  ) '#; interface "e %77L %L
.  &)  &[D kj <. (ethernet
CABLING

: 67 0 ( coaxial cable ) kj

( outsid interface ) %5


"[X gX :&0 -1
   5; :; "[. %5 ** l 7 :&0 -2
.  J % & 5;
( grounding ) 6e m; ) ;(/ -3
. "#; :; l 7 :&0 %5 5; m( -4
- 46 -

: 67 0 ( fiber optic ) kj


('&: l 7 ( back bone ) ZY 6G D& "Q -1
%8  ) '%8 . - b GQ; 6# - 678 #. -2
. 68 :;X 6  6 %5 5; #*  Z -3
: 67 0 ( twisted pair ) kj
. %V7& nY :; ) L -1
&[:; ! <4 34\; 6'0 R# " &L -2
. ; 100 6Y "K; '# ;"6L -3
( interface ) %5 "[ X gX7 )L -4
) :; : l 7 +( back bone ) ZY 6G (coaxial cable ) "Q
:&'*
%&'() ) 0# K; : l  ZY 6G ( twisted pair ) "Q .  &[: %" ; 5 67 0G . "Y
twisted pair
cost
bandwisdth
length
interface
reliability

low
moderate
loos of feet
same
high

coaxial

fiber optic

moderate
high
loos of feet
low
high

high
extra high
miles
none
extra high

 

- 47 -



  
   
           

  %  # & " ' () 



 


! "

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.

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SERVERS 
) 64

LAN HARDWARE 65
PER IPHERALS - 6

 08   79  0 ,1


    )! #,1 ! 8 + .



,0  +,
 (   ,8 . :0) "; .   . " 

1  , . .   #. -  *- ( SITE )  , ( 2-  3 ;
PHYSICAL SITE
:   ,1 ;
   ;   ;
! ,;
1- WHATE IS THE MAX. DISTANCE BETWEEN WORKSTATION ?
2- CAN YOU USE EXISTING CABLE ?
1st- NO REQUIRMENT

2nd- TELEPHONE WIRE (TWISTED PAIR )


3rd- 3270 CABLE ( RG-62 )
4th- OTHER ( SPECIFY )
3- WHATIS THE WORKSTATION DISTRIBUTION?
1st- CLUSTERED
2nd- DISTRBUTED .
4- WHAT TYPES OF WORKSTATION WILL BE USED ?
FUNCTION :
1- HOW MANY WORKSTATION ?
2- HOW MANY HOURS WILL EACH WORKSTATION BE IN
USE?
3- LIST EACH WORKSTATION APPLICATION
( WORD PROCESSING ,DATA ENTRY , .......)

- 48 -

PREFORMANCE :
1- WHAT IS THE DESIRED RESPONCE TIME ?
2- WHICH IS THE PRIMARY CONSIDERATION ?
1st- COST .
2nd- PREFORMANCE .

. >4 .   ,8 

; 

8  , /- ,1  


PHYSICAL SITE

: 

? ?=- <Q$ ( TOPOLOGY ) J   


 - #"#! (9 #&! ?=- .%<
: (= #; 4  : -   S( 9 *S
1- TWISTED PAIR SUPPORTS SHORT DISTANCE .
2- COAXIAL SUPPORT LONG DISTANCE .
3- FIBER OPTIC SUPPORT EXTREMELY LONG DISTANCE .
) W =( COAXIAL ) FIBER ( EL ) Q   -$ #!    Q a"
. =( TWISTED
. ?=-  -/- -E  J (9 #%& .   E =?  - r #/-! #=
 $ ! ( #= # ; 9  %! # Y  P* #%QL  =%! =  :
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( &  E! : -% P* F a" /S : .-   # ( -"  *
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Y# ?=-     #%Q : #/ $ #  #9 E %  S ( U :
. E rE ( -" *#"#/   J :
#/ < !   !. ( 
#/   WL!      - &?
 = $Q 15-10 : ! #= -$& : #"# 
" Q ( -" #=  * L9  
: # 9  
 
 E! : #/ * &  L! #= 4    !E! S . F"#!    s!
.  #  T%
! 89 . 4  !PJ " (    * " < 9 WL" <&S ( TOPOLOGY ) *_ 
P*( 9 <&S ( ( BUS TOPOLOGY ) L9 ( CLUSTERED ) J ( "?  -!
. 
.  P*( 9 <&S ( ( STAR - WIREDRING ) X W #=
" k   (  k; : <&S ( ( STAR- WIRED RING ) X W #=
) #%QL a ? S P* T " #; ( (  9 ( STAR TOPOLOGY ) 
. (FIBER OPTIC ) F (HIGH SPEED CABBLE

NET WARK FUNCTION : 




: #  -" #= . 
 m 
 E{  a =   :"$ $
  # ( ; "9 : $ - -"  8 ( -" 
 %
?Q-!  L9 ( .  S( 9 " < * *Y  
 *_ WL! -Q  #" -Q 
. #/  $  " _*  = #

W # #" 4S #/ !   "  -Q (  Q # % $*_
. 
( ( -

EVALUATING OF NIC :  


. 
 ( WL!  
( 9 -/- -


( 9  WG  4S  Q$ #/ "
! # Y (NIC ) 
  L9 _*
: $  
 #! (  ( #"# xt $ .
1- BIT RAT
2- ACCESS METHOD
3- ON BOARD PROCESSOR
4- NIC - TO HOST TRANSFER
- 49 -

4; 
  U . 
    ( Q 4$ ( "    !BIT RATE )
100 #%Q " Y 9 . /   100 ( /   10 : &  $! !&? -&
#; #" #= . 
 ( WG! m - $ Y &    % # * %
  $ -! #= : /   10 & !  ( ! !  ( 
10 Q ( ! Y ( 
 WG" */   10 : =   ! & m
($ . ( ` 9#! :a! Y ( BIT RATE )  L9 ( . ? -  /  
LOW )  ; ( %=9 `  ( ) 9#! :a" Y ( HIGH BIT RATE ) 
! #= ( 
 #;( 9 F9 ( LOW THROUGHPUT ) =`  9#! :a" (BIT RATE
THROUGHPUT ) `  9#!    # : % 80  & #%&! /   1 &
`9#! # L9 /   10 ( BIT RATE ) #$ _* . /   8, ( " #= (
. E /   4 ( ! & #= % 40 ( " #= (HTROUGHPUT )  
( 9 ?  -QS - ( ACCESS METHOD ) -(   
 9 (F $
) ( ` 9#! ; (9 E F -" ( TOKEN PASSING ) F9 .    Q QS
. T9 "U 4$ ( WL! 4 D $ ( * CSMA / CD ) : (HIGH TRAFFIC
&" U 4 k; 
    o $  " ( ON BOARD PROCESSOR )
)  :    Q (! ( ON BOARD PROCESSOR
) 
. <Q` ( "  ; " ( %&&WG%; l
Y ( ) ( #%&( FIRMWARE
WIDTH OF CURRENT ) - $   
 "  m "   ? *$
# k; : X 8 b  " X 16 L9 ( . X 8-16 : -( TRANSFER BUSES
:    ( $ #%&! @3 #/-" 4&E    ( 
1- SHARED MEMORY IS FASTEST
2- DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS DMA IS SLOWEST .
3- I/O PORT IS BETWEEN THEM .
EVALUATING SERVER :  
( SERVER ) E{( 9 ! :" !-  / : #"# #/-"
$ ( NETWORK SERVER ) E{( 9  ! " !-  / : #"# a" #/-"
: $( NET WORK SERVER ) ! -
1- PROCESSOR
2- CLOCK CYCLE SPEED
3- WAIT STATES ( PREFARED ZERO WAIT STATE )
4- EXPANSION BUS
5- MEMORY (MAX)
6- BUS WIDTH ( 16- BIT WIDE BUS TWICE 8-BIT WIDE
BUS )

   " !   #$  *)  (' +,
: )*! +, 01/ '(  ! *)  +, -
./
12345-

SUPPORT FOR STANARDS ( E.G. TCP/IP )


COST
PREFORMANCE
SECURITY
FUNCTIONALITY
LAN MANAGEMENT

: 2 

U F - 


  F 
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= P* "-- 9 9{ E -   S ( 
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- 50 -

!/ ( 6 NETWORK SUPERVISOR :


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www.h4palestine.com

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