&

&

CNC

- 2008



CNC .
,
CNC.

CNC.

-2-


.
.

. .

1.

2.

3. CNC
4. ,
.

5. .

11

5.1 .

11

5.2 .

13

5.3

16

5.4 () .

19

5.5 .

21

6.

22

7.

29

8.

30

-3-

1.


,

Computer

Numerically

Controlled

Systems

(CNC-Systems).

.
CNC .
CNC (Computer Numerical Control Machines)
.
: (controller)
. /
,

.
CNC .

,
,
.

.

,
.

.
CNC (.. )
, Y

-4-

 Z .
A,
B, , .
.

.

.
.
CNC,
.

-5-

2.

,
.
( , )
.
.
1952
...,
. NC
(Numerical Control) .
(. 1.1).

, ,
, .

.
.
, CNC (Computer Numerical
Control). ,
/.
DNC (Direct Numerical Control).

-6-

. 1.1. .

-7-

3. CNC

. CNC
.
CNC .

-8-

4. ,

CNC ,

.
.
.
CNC;

.
.
.

.
.
, ...
CNC
:
CNC : ,
.
,
, ,
.
CNC :

.
, .
CNC ,
.

-9-

 .
.

.

- 10 -

5.
5.1
CNC
(CNC Routers)
(Point to Point Machines).
(CNC Processing Centers)
.


.

,
.

, ,
.
,
,
, , ,
, .
. ,
.
,
.

.
, Y ,
.
( )
Y
- 11 -

 .
(,,)
(,,,,).
.
( )
, ( )
.

, ,
.

, , ,
.

, , .

- 12 -

5.2
,
,
.
.
, .
( 0) .
,
.
(. 1.2).
,
,
. ,
5 mm, 3.8 mm.

.

. 1.2 ,
.

- 13 -


, ,
.
() .
,
.

.
, ,
. ,
.
.
,
(. 1.3).


.

, .

. 1.3
.

- 14 -

 (. 1.4).

(. 1.5).
,
, .
.

. 1.4 .

. 1.5 .

- 15 -

5.3
.
, .
,
.
, .

,
( )
.
(. 1.9),
. 35 Kgr.
.
(. 1.10).
.


(. 1.11).
.
,
,
(), (. 1.12),
.

- 16 -

. 1.9
35 Kg.
.

. 1.10 CNC.
( , ).

- 17 -

. 1.11 .

. 1.12 ( )

- 18 -

5.4 ()
, ,
.
, .

,
( ) : ,
.
, (,),

(,). ,
.

.
,
(. 1.13).

, .
,
, .

- 19 -

. 1.13
. .

- 20 -

5.5

.

.

.
.
,

.
.

.
.
,
,

,

.
,

.

- 21 -

6

.
,
,
.

. ,
CNC.

(Spiral cutters)
,
.
.
,
.
.(. 1.30)

. 1.30
(Straight cutters)

.
.
,
.
,
.

- 22 -

, , fiberglass ..
(. 1.31).

. 1.31
(Special application cutters)

.
,
(. 1.32).

. 1.32
(Flute tools)

.
.
.
(. 1.33).

. 1.33

- 23 -

 (Ball nose cutters)

()

).

(3-D)
(. 1.34).

. 1.34
(Compression cutters)

, .


(. 1.35).

. 1.35
(Chipbreaker cutters)

.

(. 1.36).

- 24 -

. 1.36
(Finishers)

.

(. 1.37).

. 1.37

(Engraving cutters)
()
(. 1.38). , ,
(S.S.S.).

, 12%
.
1/4* = 0.25*0.12 = 0.030

. 1.38

- 25 -

 V (V Cutters)
V ,
(3-D) .

(. 1.39).

. 1.39
(Boring drills)
Brad point:

.
,
.
(. 1.40).

. 1.40
V-point:
. V

. ,
. Vpoint
(. 1.41).
- 26 -

. 1.41
(Saw Blade)

CNC.
. ,
(. 1.42).
,
.

. 1.42 CNC
.

.
( ),
.
,
(. 1.43).

- 27 -

. 1.43 .

, , ,
(.1.44).
. , .
.

, .

.

. 1.44 1.43
.

- 28 -

7

, Furnima, 31
3 2005, ,
:
CNC,
(42%).

(87%).
(83%).
CNC
(50%).
(87%).

CNC (38%).

(37%).
CNC (49%).
.. (80%).
(:
, . . )

- 29 -

8
, . 2004.
. , ,
. 2004.
, . 2002.
III. , ,
. 2002.
- . 215 CNC.
. (. 46-49).
-. 2002. ;
; (. 30-32).

www.inside-woodworking.com/index.shtml
www.flashcutcnc.com/html/mach_acc.html
cncmasters.com/CNC%20Jr%20Mill.htm
www.apexm.com/our_products.htm

- 30 -