TRNG I HC LC HNG KHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN HO

TI BO CO 30% CHC NNG BACKUP/ RESTORE TRONG SQL SERVER 2005

Gio vin hng dn : NGUYN NH LIN Sinh vin thc hin : NG DUY NHT MASV:409000181 L QUANG T MASV:409000477 Lp : 09TH401

ng Nai, ngy 15 thng 11 nm 2010

LI M U
Theo s ch o v hng dn ca thy Nguyn nh Lin, gio vin b mn SQL, nhm chng em gm c 2 thnh vin: ng Duy Nht-MASSV 409000181 v L Quang T-MASSV 409000477 xin thc hin ti trnh by BACKUP/ RESTORE. Qua bo co ny chng em mong nhn c nhng li nhn xt, nh gi v quan trng hn ht l ch ra nhng khuyt im thiu st cn ci thin i vi bi ny ni ring v trong mn hc SQL cng nh trong cc lnh vc khc ni chung chng em vng vng hn trong ngnh hc v cng vic trong tng lai. Chng em xin chn thnh cm n !

LI NHN XT CA GIO VIN:

GII THIU Trong sut chu k sng ca mt database (c s d liu), vic xy ra s c lm h hng mt mt d liu l chuyn kh trnh khi. Cc dng bin c hay tai ha c th xy ra nh: a cha data file hay Transaction Log File hay system file b mt, b h hng Nhng thm ha t nhin nh bo lt, ng t, ha hon Ton b server b nh cp hoc ph hy Cc thit b dng backup - restore b nh cp hay h hng Nhng li do v ca user nh l tay xa, thao tc sai lm h c s d liu Nhng hnh vi mang tnh ph hoi ca nhn vin nh c a vo nhng thng tin sai lc.

B hack (nu server c kt ni vi internet). V vy chng ta phi lun c bin php bo v c s d liu mt cch an ton nht, bn cnh chng ta cng phi t hi khi cc vn trn xy ra th phi lm sao khi phc li d liu h, mt v phc hi mt cch nhanh nht a server tr li hot ng mt cch bnh thng. trnh v hoc t nht l hn ch ti a mt mt d liu do cc s c nu trn, l mt ngi qun ly h thng c s d liu bn cn phi bo qun c s d liu ca mnh mt cch hp ly nht, gim ti a s ln phi phc hi d liu, lun theo di, kim tra thng xuyn pht hin cc trc trc trc khi n xy ra. V c th phc hi d liu khi gp cc bin c trn bn phi bit cch backup (sao lu) v restore (khi phc) d liu v sp xp lch trnh backup d liu mt cch hp ly bo qun c s d liu ca mnh mt cch an ton nht. i vi mt th mc hay nhng tp tin bnh thng th vic sao lu v copy ngc tr li l v cng n gin l ch cn copy vo mt thit b lu tr khc, phng khi gp s c gy mt mt d liu th c th copy ngc tr li. Cn i vi database trong SQL th vic backup din ra c khc hn, khi h thng ang vn hnh th bn khng th n gin copy cc data file v log file v chng b kha hon ton. Bn phi da vo c ch backup ca h QTCSDL. Sau y chng ti xin ni s lc v Back up/Restore trong SQL Server v hng dn cc bn cc thao tc trong hai chc nng ny.

a.

Backup (sao lu) CSDL trong SQL Server:

Backup l vic sao lu d liu t c c d liu SQL Server vo mt thit b lu tr khc. Sau y l cc loi Backup m chng ti mun chia s vi cc bn. 1> Cc Loi Backup v mt s hng dn chung Full backup: L backup ton b d liu ti thi im thc hin. y c l l loi c dng thng xuyn nht. Differential backup: L backup cc trang d liu mi c cp nht k t ln backup full trc . File or File Group Backup: Copy mt data file n hay mt file group. Differential File or File Group Backup: Tng t nh differential database backup nhng ch copy nhng thay i trong data file n hay mt file group. Transaction log backup: L backup cc log record hin c trong log file, ngha l n sao lu cc hnh ng (cc thao tc xy ra i vi database) ch khng sao lu d liu. ng thi n cng ct b (truncate) log file, loi b cc log record va c backup ra khi log file. V th khi thy log file tng qu ln, c nhiu kh nng l bn cha tng backup transaction log bao gi. y chng ta hy c bit ch 3 loi backup l Full backup, Differential backup v Transaction log backup. Mt nguyn tc chung gim bt lng d liu mt mt khi c s c l tng tn sut backup. Tuy nhin vi mt database c dung lng ln v c cp nht lin tc, th vic thc hin full backup vi tn sut cao l khng kh thi, v n dng rt nhiu CPU v I/O. Nh c differential backup v transaction log backup, bn c th to lp cc phng n sao lu thch hp, m bo d liu c backup thng xuyn hn m khng chim nhiu ti nguyn ca h thng. Ch : Trong lc backup SQL Server cng copy tt c cc hot ng ca database k c hot ng xy ra trong qu trnh backup cho nn ta c th backup trong khi SQL ang chy m khng cn phi ngng li.

Recovery Models
Full Recovery Model : y l model cho php phc hi d liu vi t ri ro nht. Nu mt database trong mode ny th tt c cc hot ng khng ch insert, update, delete m k c insert bng Bulk Insert, hay bcp u c log vo transaction log file. Khi c s c th ta c th phc hi li d liu ngc tr li ti mt thi im trong qu kh. Khi data file b h nu ta c th backup

c transaction log file th ta c th phc hi database n thi im transaction gn nht c commited. Bulk-Logged Recovery Model : mode ny cc hot ng mang tnh hng lot nh Bulk Insert, bcp, Create Index, WriteText, UpdateText ch c log minimum vo transaction log file cho bit l cc hot ng ny c din ra m khng log ton b chi tit nh trong Full Recovery Mode. Cc hot ng khc nh Insert, Update, Delete vn c log y dng cho vic phc hi sau ny. Simple Recovery Model : mode ny th Transaction Log File c truncate thng xuyn v khng cn backup. Vi mode ny bn ch c th phc hi ti thi im backup gn nht m khng th phc hi ti mt thi im trong qu kh. Mun bit database ca bn ang mode no bn c th Right-click ln mt database no trong SQL Server Enterprise Manager chn Properties->Options->Recovery Sau y l mt v d v lch backup cc bn d hiu hn: V d: Chng ti xy dng mt thi gian biu cho vic backup d liu ca chng ti nh sau

Full backup: Mi tun 2 ln vo bui chiu th 4 v th 4 sau gi lm vic (17h PM) Differential backup: Mi tun 4 ln vo bui chiu th 2,3,5,6 sau gi lm vic (5h PM) Transaction log backup: Mi ngy 1 ln vo bui tra (12 AM) Lu l differential backup lun sao lu cc trang thay i k t ln full backup trc, ch khng phi t ln differential backup trc . V d bn different backup lc 5h PM ngy th 5 s bao gm cc thay i k t thi gian full backup ngy ca ngy th 4, cn bn different lc 5h PM ngy th 6 th s bao gm cc thay i k t thi gian full backup ngy ca ngy th 4 k c nhng thay i c lu trong ln different backup ca ngy th 5 Transaction log backup th ngc li, ch sao lu cc log record k t ln transaction log backup trc . Ch : Lch backup trn y ch l mt v d chng ti ni r hn v tc dng ca cc loi

backup v thi gian backup thi. Cn sp xp thi gian sao cho hp l khng tiu tn qu nhiu thi gian m li an ton cho c s d liu l s linh ng v tnh ton ph hp t pha cc bn. 2> Hng dn cc bc thc hin Backup (Sao lu) mt c s d liu trong SQL Server. Nu bn cha m sn giao din SQL Server Management Studio th hy khi ng n ln theo cc bc sau: Vo StartVPrograms Microsoft SQL Server 2005 v chn SQL Server Management Studio.

Sau khi chn cc i tng ph hp ti cc mc Server type, Server name v Authentication Connect.

Trong giao din SQL Server Management Studio bn chn mt database m bn cn backup. V d ti chn database Hoadon nh di y.

Trn ca s Backup c s d liu, bn c th iu chnh li cu hnh thng tin v sao lu theo bn. Nu bn khng quen thuc cu hnh ny, bn c th gi tr mc nh.

y l mt s m t ngn cho bn d hiu v ngha ca cc mc chn v t bn c th iu chnh theo ca mnh. - Database: Mt c s d liu m bn mun sao lu.

- Backup type: Bn c th chn 1 trong 3 la chn: Full hoc Differential hoc Transaction log nh chng ti gii thiu v tc dng ca mi kiu phn trn (Ch : y l phn rt
quan trng, cc bn nn c bit ch khi chn kieu Back up).

- Name: Tn ca cc sao lu ny, bn c th t tn bt c iu g nh bn mun. - Backup component: Trong mc ny bn c th chn mt trong hai la chn sau. Database: Backup tt c cc file hay nhm file c to ca database ny. Chng ti khuyn bn nn chn mc ny trnh vic sao chp d liu khng y . Files and Filegroups: Nu c s d liu ca bn rt ln v khi to c s d liu bn phn b c s d liu ca mnh thnh cc nhm file lu tr nhng o a/v tr khc nhau trong h iu hnh v nay bn ch mun chn mt hay mt s file cn backup ch khng backup tt c cc file th bn chn mc ny v ch nh file cn backup (v d nh hnh di).

Trong hp thai ny bn cng c th chn chc nng backup tt c cc file. - Backup set will expire C th c s dng khi backup vo bng hoc to cc nhm backup Media Sets. Trong v d ny, chng ti s backup vo mt a cng v vy mc nh s l sau 0 ngy. - Destination: im n cc tp tin s c sao lu vo. Bn c th nh mc nh. Mc nh s sao lu vo "C: \ Program Files \ Microsoft SQL Server \ MSSQL.1 \ MSSQL \ Backup". Nu bn chn li v tr lu mi, th chn Add sau s xut hin hp thai mi nh hnh 5. Ti File name bn c th t g ng dn ti v tr c s d liu cn sao lu hoc nhn vo du ba chm ch nh v tr cho n (Trong bi ny ti chn G:\SQL\Backup\Hoadon.bak v tr lu l trong th mc Backup l th mc con ca th mc SQL trong a G vi tn file l Hoadon.bak).

Nu bn nhn vo du ba chm ch nh v tr lu th s thy xut hin hp thai nh hnh 6 di y. Ti y bn chn v tr lu sau g tn file.bak (v d: Hoadon.bak) vo mc File name.

 kim tra cc la chn, bn hy chn Options t menu pha trn bn phi (hnh 7) Tp cc ty chn u tin c dn nhn Overwrite Media Tp ny c s dng in hnh khi backup vo bng. Cn khi backup vo a cng, nu bn s dng tn duy nht cho backup ca bn trn mn hnh trc th cc ty chn ny c th c b qua. Nu tn backup khng duy nht, hy chn nt Overwrite All existing backup sets. Thao tc ny s to mt file ch c backup gn nht trong . Khi mun khi phc t file ny, bn s c nhc nh chn thit lp backup no c tr khi phc. Trong phn Reliability, chn Verify backup when finished bo m backup ca bn hp l. Phn Transaction Log s c hin th mu xm v Full Backup s t ng b bt file bn ghi. Kch nt OK bt u qu trnh backup.

Khi backup hon tt, mt thng bo s xut hin v ni rng qu trnh hon tt. Nh vy l cng vic Backup ca bn thnh cng.

To file Backup cng c th thc hin bng cch vit cu lnh. thc thi mt backup bng TSQL, bn hy m mt Query Window mi ( m Query Window, t Management Studio, bn kch nt New Query gc trn bn phi). backup d liu bn c th s dng th tc h thng nh sau c tn backup database nh c php sau:
BACKUP DATABASE { database_name | @database_name_var } TO < backup_device > [ ,...n ] [ WITH [ BLOCKSIZE = { blocksize | @blocksize_variable } ] [ [ , ] DESCRIPTION = { 'text'| @text_variable } ] [ [ , ] DIFFERENTIAL ] [ [ , ] EXPIREDATE = { date | @date_var } | RETAINDAYS = { days | @days_var } ] [ [ , ] FORMAT | NOFORMAT ] [ [ , ] { INIT | NOINIT } ] [ [ , ] MEDIADESCRIPTION = { 'text'| @text_variable } ] [ [ , ] MEDIANAME = { media_name | @media_name_variable } ] [ [ , ] NAME = { backup_set_name | @backup_set_name_var } ] [ [ , ] { NOSKIP | SKIP } ] [ [ , ] { NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD } ] [ [ , ] RESTART ] [ [ , ] STATS [ =percentage ] ] ]

backup d liu vo mt tp tin ch nh, bn c th s dng th tc h thng c tn backup database nh c php sau:
BACKUP DATABASE { database_name | @database_name_var } < file_or_filegroup > [ ,...n ] TO < backup_device > [ ,...n ] [ WITH [ BLOCKSIZE = { blocksize | @blocksize_variable } ] [ [ , ] DESCRIPTION = { 'text'| @text_variable } ] [ [ , ] EXPIREDATE = { date | @date_var } | RETAINDAYS = { days | @days_var } ] [ [ , ] FORMAT | NOFORMAT ] [ [ , ] { INIT | NOINIT } ] [ [ , ] MEDIADESCRIPTION = { 'text'| @text_variable } ] [ [ , ] MEDIANAME = { media_name | @media_name_variable } ] [ [ , ] NAME = { backup_set_name | @backup_set_name_var } ] [ [ , ] { NOSKIP | SKIP } ] [ [ , ] { NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD } ] [ [ , ] RESTART ] [ [ , ] STATS [ =percentage ] ]

backup mt tp tin log, bn c th s dng th tc h thng c tn backup log nh c php sau:

BACKUP LOG { database_name | @database_name_var } {

{[WITH {NO_LOG|TRUNCATE_ONLY}]} TO < backup_device > [ ,...n ] [ WITH [ BLOCKSIZE = { blocksize | @blocksize_variable } ] [ [ , ] DESCRIPTION = { 'text'| @text_variable } ] [ [ ,] EXPIREDATE = { date | @date_var } | RETAINDAYS = { days | @days_var } ] [ [ , ] FORMAT | NOFORMAT ] [ [ , ] { INIT | NOINIT } ] [ [ , ] MEDIADESCRIPTION = { 'text'| @text_variable } ] [ [ , ] MEDIANAME = { media_name | @media_name_variable } ] [ [ , ] NAME = { backup_set_name | @backup_set_name_var } ] [ [ , ] NO_TRUNCATE ] [ [ , ] { NOSKIP | SKIP } ] [ [ , ] { NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD } ] [ [ , ] RESTART ] [ [ , ] STATS [ =percentage ] ] ] } < backup_device > ::= { { logical_backup_device_name | @logical_backup_device_name_var } | { DISK | TAPE | PIPE} = { 'temp_backup_device' | @ temp_backup_device_var } } < file_or_filegroup > ::= { FILE = { logical_file_name | @logical_file_name_var } | FILEGROUP = { logical_filegroup_name | @logical_filegroup_name_var } }

Din gii mt s tham s trn: BLOCKSIZE: Tham s ny t ng khi s dng a cng lu tr tp tin backup d liu , nu s dng backup trn a Tape th cn cung cp tham s tape backup. DIFFERENTAL: Differenttal backup ch backup nhng d liu thay i so vi ln backup trc . Trong trng hp ny thi gian backup nh v nhanh v khng gy nh hng n d liu backup trn a nu c li trn a backup. EXPIREDATE/RETAINDAYS: Cho php thi gian ht hn sau mt thi gian backup. FORMAT/NOFORMAT: Nu format s ph hy tt c cc d liu ang tn ti ca a backup. INIT/NOINIT: Cho php/khng cho php ghi chng ln thit b to phn trn. DESCRIPTION: Ghi ch cho phn backup. STATS: Hin th thanh program bar. Di y l vi v d v cu lnh thc thi backup d liu vo cng cc bn tham kho:

VD 1.

Backup database

BACKUP DATABASE Hoadon TO DICK= G:\ Hoadonbackup.bak WITH DESCRIPTION = Backup database Hoadon vo a G, STATS GO

Sau khi cho thc hin lnh backup Databse xong bn s thy my dng thng bo cho bn bit qu trnh backup thnh cng nh di y.

VD 2.

Backup transaction log

BACKUP LOG Hoadon TO DISK = ' G:\ Hoadonbackup.TRN' WITH DESCRIPTION= Backup log Hoadon vao o dia G, STATS GO

Sau khi cho thc hin lnh backup log xong bn s my dng thng bo cho bn bit qu trnh backup thnh cng nh di y.

Ch : Cu lnh backup bt u bng vic ch ra c s d liu c backup. Tuy nhin khng c cch no c th thc hin backup tt c cc c s d liu m chng ch c th c thc hin mt cch ring l. Chng ti s gii thiu cho cc bn mt kch bn n gin v mt nhim v trong c nhm tt c cc c s d liu. Cu lnh tip theo ch nh rng chng ta s backup vo a v ch ca file. Nu chng ta backup vo bng, hy s dng To TAPE thay cho To Disk. Cui cng, With Format c ngha to mt file mi. Khng c cu lnh cui cng nu backup tn ti th backup mi ca bn s gn thm vo n.

b.

Restore (Khi phc) CSDL trong SQL Server:

1> Hng dn chung v cch restore (Khi phc) mt c s d liu c backup trong SQL Server. Quay li vi v d v lch trnh backup di y cc bn d hiu hn v restore (Khi phc) mt c s d liu c backup trong SQL Server.

Theo nh lch trnh backup trn, gi s database b hng vo thi im 3h PM ngy th 6, bn cn khi phc li database theo trnh t sau: Bc 1. Khi phc t bn full backup gn vi thi im c s c nht (bn full backup ca ngy th 4). N s lm 2 chuyn : copy data, log, index... t a backup vo Data Files. Bc 2. Khi phc t bn differential backup gn vi thi im c s c nht (bn differential backup lc 5h PM ca ngy th 5). Bc 3. Khi phc tt c cc transaction log backup k t sau ln diferential backup gn nht (bn transaction log backup ti thi im 12h PM ca chnh ngy xy ra s c) Bc 1 v bc 2 s phc hi database tr li trng thi ging nh lc 5h PM ngy th 5. bc 3, vi mi ln khi phc transaction log th cc thao tc cha trong c em ra thc hin li trn database (gi l log forwarding) v do a n v trng thi gn hn thi im xy ra s c. Nh vy sau khi hon tt khi phc transaction log backup lc 12h AM ngy th 6 th database s vo trng thi ging nh lc 12h AM ngy th 6 . Tuy nhin cc thay i din ra trong 3 ting sau (t sau 12h AM n 3h PM) vnh vin b mt. Trong trng hp may mn hn, khi s c xy ra m file transaction log vn cn nguyn vn, bn s c c hi a database tr li trng thi ngay trc khi c s c, v do khng c mt mt d liu (Trng hp ny ch c th thc hin nu Transaction Log File c cha trong mt a khc vi a cha Data File nn khng b h v vn cn hot ng). Vic u tin bn cn lm l thc hin ngay transaction log backup (nn nh, khng c vi vng khi phc t bn full backup). Sau cc bc tip theo s tng t nh trn: Bc 1. Sao lu transaction log. Ngi ta cn gi file backup trong trng hp ny l " the tail of the log" (ci ui).Khi backup "ci ui" ny bn cn phi dng option NO_TRUNCATE bi v thng thng cc Transaction Log Backup s truncate(xo) nhng phn khng cn dng n trong transaction log file, l nhng transaction c commited v c vit vo database (cn gi l inactive portion of the transaction log) gim kch thc ca log file. Tuy nhin khi backup phn ui khng c truncate m bo tnh consistent (nht qun) ca database. Bc 2. Khi phc t bn full backup gn vi thi im c s c nht (bn full backup ca ngy th 4). N s lm 2 chuyn : copy data, log, index... t a backup vo Data Files v sau s ln lt thc thi cc transaction trong transaction log. Lu ta phi dng option WITH NORECOVERY trong trng hp ny (tc l option th 2 "Leave database nonoperational but able to restore additional transaction logs" trong Enterprise Manager). Ngha l cc transaction cha hon tt (incomplete transaction) s khng c roll back. Nh vy database lc ny s trong tnh trng inconsistent v khng th dng c. Nu ta chn WITH RECOVERY (hay "Leave database operational. No additional transaction logs can be restored " trong Enterprise Manager) th cc incomplete transaction s c roll back v database trng thi consistent nhng ta khng th no restore cc transaction log backup c na. Bc 3. Khi phc t bn differential backup gn vi thi im c s c nht (bn differential backup lc 5h PM ca ngy th 5). Bc 4. Khi transaction log ti thi im 12h PM, v cui cng bn lc 3h PM ("Ci ui" m bn va thc hin bc 1). Qu trnh ny gi l Database Recovery. Ch : S khc nhau gia Database Restoration v Database Recovery trong SQL Server khc nhau ch Database Restoration l restore database t mt file backup ngha l ch n gin ti to li database t nhng file backup v thc thi li nhng transaction c commit nhng database c th trong trng thi inconsistent v khng s dng c. Nhng khi ni n recover ngha l ta khng ch phc hi li data m cn bo m cho n trng thi consistent (n nh) v s dng c (usable). Cho nn vic backup Transaction Log File s gip cho vic recovery data ti bt k thi im no trong qu kh. i vi Simple Recovery Model ta ch c th recover ti ln backup gn nht m thi. Nh vy khi restore database ta c th chn WITH RECOVERY roll back cc transaction cha

c commited v database c th hot ng bnh thng nhng ta khng th restore thm backup file no na, thng la chn ny c chn khi restore file backup cui cng trong chui backup. Nu chn WITH NORECOVERY cc transaction cha c commited s khng c roll back do SQL Server s khng cho php ta s dng database nhng ta c th tip tc restore cc file backup k tip, thng option ny c chn khi sau ta cn phi restore cc file backup khc. Bn cng c th chn mt la chn trung lp hn l WITH STANDBY (tc l la chn th 3 "Leave database read-only and able to restore additional transaction logs" trong Enterprise Manager). Vi la chn ny bn s c lun c tnh ca hai la chn trn : cc incomplete transaction s c roll back m bo database consistent v c th s dng c nhng ch di dng Read-only m thi, ng thi sau bn c th tip tc restore cc file backup cn li (SQL Server s log cc transaction c roll back trong undo log file v khi ta restore backup file k tip SQL Server s tr li trng thi no recovery t nhng g ghi trn undo file). Ngi ta chn la chn ny khi mun restore database tr li mt thi im no (a point in time) nhng khng r l c phi l thi im m h mun khng, cho nn h s restore tng backup file dng Standby v kim chng mt s data xem c phi l thi im m h mun restore hay khng (chng hn nh trc khi b xa hay trc khi mt transaction no c thc thi) trc khi chuyn sang la chn Recovery. Tm li: Trc khi thc hin restore database chng ta phi xc nh c th t file cn restore. Cc thng tin ny c SQL Servicer cha trong msdb database v s cho ta bit backup device no, ai backup vo thi im no v cn restore c c d liu nh th no. Sau mi tin hnh restore. 2> Hng dn cc bc thc hin restore (khi phc) mt c s d liu trong SQL Server. thc hin restore trc ht bn hy khi ng chng trnh SQL Server ln sau nhn phi chut vo Databases->chn Restore Database... (Bn cng c th nhn phi chut vo mt database khc nhn phi chut v chn Restore Database).

Ti to Database chn tn databse ang tn ti hoc g tn mt database mi m bn cn gn gi liu restore vo n. Ch : Ti to Database. Nu bn chn mt c s d liu hin c, th c s d liu hin c ca bn s b thay th bi cc d liu t bn sao lu. Nu bn g mt tn c s d liu hin ti khng tn ti trong vic ci t SQL Server ca bn, n s c to ra. Sau nhp vo nt From device pha di mc Source for restore, v nhn vo du ba chm pha sau n (nh hnh di y).

t 'File' l phng tin sao lu v sau nhp vo Add.

Bn nhn chn file SQL backup t trc, n c ui l *.BAK tp tin m bn ang mun khi phc (V d file cn restore ca ti l Hoadon.bak nh hnh bn di). Sau nhn OK sang bc tip theo.

Nhn OK tip

Tip theo, bn hy chn thi im v lai kiu datafile (Full,Different hoc Transaction) m bn mun Restore (khi phc). T mt tp tin sao lu SQL c th gi nhiu bn sao lu bn c th thy nhiu hn mt im khi phc c lit k.

Ti thi im ny, thng tin c nhp vo cho c s d liu c phc hi. Tuy nhin, SQL tp tin sao lu lu tr thng tin v ni tp tin d liu c sao chp v vy nu c bt k tp tin vn h thng nh mt th mc ch khng tn ti hoc tp tin d liu tn xung t s xy ra li. Nhng vn ny l ph bin khi khi phc li mt sao lu to ra trn mt ci t SQL Server khc nhau. xem li v thay i cc thit lp h thng tp tin, nhp vo Options bn tri trong hp thoi Restore Database.

Trn trang ty chn, bn s mun chc chn rng cc 'Restore Khi' im ct v tr th mc hp l (bn c th thay i chng khi cn thit). Cc tp tin ca ti khng c tn ti, tuy nhin ng dn th mc phi tn ti. Nu cc tp tin tng ng c tn ti, SQL Server sau mt b quy tc n gin: Nu To database (t trang Tng) ph hp vi bn khi phc li bn sao lu c s d liu (tc l khi phc li c s d liu ph hp), cc tp tin tng ng s c ghi nh mt phn ca vic khi phc li. Nu To database khng ph hp vi sao lu c s d liu phc hi (tc l khi phc li mt c s d liu khc nhau), th c s d liu b ghi ln hin ti s cn phi c kim tra cho qu trnh khi phc hon thnh. S dng chc nng ny cn thn v bn c kh nng c th khi phc li c s d liu thng tin sao lu trn u trang ca tp tin d liu t mt c s d liu hon ton khc nhau.

Ni chung, bn c th cho bit cc c s d liu khc nhau da trn cc 'Tn gc File' m l tn ni b SQL Server s dng tham kho cc tp tin tng ng. Sau khi la chn cc ty chn trong cc bc ca vic khi phc, nhn OK. Sau bn s thy hp thoi thng bo qu trnh restore thnh cng nh di y.

Khi phc d liu (Restore Database) s dng bng cu lnh (TSQL) Cng tng t nh Backup mt c s d liu, chng ta cng c th dng bng cu lnh cho vic Restore. thc thi restore bng TSQL, bn hy m mt Query Window mi ( m Query Window, t Management Studio, bn kch nt New Query gc trn bn phi). Phc hi d liu s dng th tc sau: RESTORE DATABASE { database_name | @database_name_var } [ FROM < backup_device > [ ,...n ] ] [ WITH [ DBO_ONLY] [[,] FILE =file number] [ [ , ] MEDIANAME = { media_name | @media_name_variable } ] [ [ , ] MOVE 'logical_file_name' TO 'operating_system_file_name' ] [ ,...n ] [ [ , ] { NORECOVERY | RECOVERY | STANDBY = {undo_file_name} ] [ [ , ] { NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD } ] [ [ , ] REPLACE ] [ [ , ] RESTART ] [ [ , ] STATS [ =percentage ] ] ] phc hi gi liu vo mt tp tin ch nh, bn c th s dng th tc h thng c tn restore databse nh c php sau. RESTORE DATABASE { database_name | @database_name_var } < file_or_filegroup > [ ,...n ] [ FROM < backup_device > [ ,...n ] ] [ WITH [ DBO_ONLY] [[,] FILE =file number] [ [ , ] FILE = { file_number | @file_number } ] [ [ , ] MEDIANAME = { media_name | @media_name_variable } ] [ [ , ] NORECOVERY ] [ [ , ] { NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD } ] [ [ , ] REPLACE ] [ [ , ] RESTART ] [ [ , ] STATS [ =percentage ] ] ] phc hi tp tin log, bn c th s dng th tc h thng c tn restore log nh c php sau .

RESTORE LOG { database_name | @database_name_var } [ FROM < backup_device > [ ,...n ] ] [ WITH [ DBO_ONLY] [[,] FILE =file number] [ [ , ] FILE = file_number ] [ [ , ] MEDIANAME = { media_name | @media_name_variable } ] [ [ , ] { NORECOVERY | RECOVERY | STANDBY = undo_file_name} ] [ [ , ] { NOUNLOAD | UNLOAD } ] [ [ , ] RESTART ] [ [ , ] STATS [=percentage ] ] [ [ , ] STOPAT = { date_time | @date_time_var }] ] < backup_device > ::= { { 'backup_device_name' | @ backup_device_name_var } | { DISK | TAPE | PIPE} = { 'temp_backup_device' | @temp_backup_device _var } } < file_or_filegroup > ::= { FILE = { logical_file_name | @logical_file_name_var } | FILEGROUP = { logical_filegroup_name | @logical_filegroup_name_var } } Din gii mt s tham s trn: DBO_ONLY: Khi c s d liu phc hi thnh cng, c s d liu s thit lp ch dbo_only. FILE: Cho php chn restore gn nht trong mt file cha nhiu ln backup. MOVE: Cho php phc hi c s d liu backup khc vi c s d liu ang s dng. REPLACE: Cho php phc hi v ghi ln c s d liu ang s dng.

Di y chng ti xin ly mt v d ngn gn v restore bng cu lnh. VD: /*Restore database*/ RESTORE DATABASE Hoadon FROM DISK = G:\Hoadonbackup.bak WITH DOB_ONLY, NORECOVERY, STATS GO VD: /*Restore log*/ RESTORE LOG Hoadon FROM DISK = G:\Hoadonbackup WITH DOB_ONLY, NORECOVERY, STATS

GO

Sau khi cc bn chy cu lnh restore cc bn s thy my dng thng bo qu trnh restore thnh cng tng t nh ch ti khoanh mu trong hnh.

Kt lun Vic bo v cc c s d liu trnh h hng, mt mt thng tin l vn ti quan trng i vi nhng c nhn doanh nghip c s dng h thng lu tr qun l c s d liu, c bit l i vi nhng ngi qun tr h thng (Database Administrator). V vy vic bo qun tt c s d liu, bit cch sp xp lch trnh backup d liu v c th thc hin restore d liu thnh cng bt k lc no cn l mt mc tiu quan trng nht. Hi vng vi s hng dn s lc ca chng ti trn y cng vi s tm ti hc hi v t thc hnh ca bn s gip cho c s d liu ca bn lun c an ton trong mi tnh hung. Chc bn thnh cng!