FOCUSED AND QUICK (FAQ) Issue 77

November
28, 2012

Summary

(Counter cyclical)

* Source: [] n.d. [Image online] available at : < http://blog.eduzones.com/clip/26518> [accessed 28 Nov 2012]

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

2
1)
2)

4 1)
2)
3)

4)

1.




3.7 26
1
17

14.2 372

66.1
1

2553

2
2553

50.2


(
, 2553)

183,942.11
4
26 GDP
2550 2554
171,336 33
5
( 1)
19.7
9.8
6

GDP

33%
26%

67%
74%

50%
37%
26%

50%
63%
74%

7 1 2
3

2553

4


5
5 ( 2550 2554)
6
5 ( 2550 2554) USDA
website www.fas.usda.gov
7


.. 2398

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

(USDA, 2555)

GDP

( 2 3) 2543-2553
GDP
9 2553
31 60
44

(Disproportionate share)
2
1)
2)
shocks (Buffer role)
(OECD, 2007)
2 Agricultures share of GDP against GDP per
capita, 2543 2553 average
Agriculture's share of GDP (%)
60
Central Africa
Republic (353,55)

50
40
30
20

India (794,20)

10

China (2176,12)
Thailand
France United States Luxembourg
(2922,10)
(32902,2) (41679,1)
(80616,0)

0
0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

GDP per Capita (current USD)

: GDP per Capita

Agricultures share of GDP (%)
: World Development Indicators, World Bank, 2553

(
, 2553)
8
2504 2554
2510-2513,
2516-2519, 2521 2523-2524
United State Department of
Agriculture (USDA)

3 Agricultures Share of total employment

against GDP per capita, 2543 - 2553 average
Agriculture's share of total employment (%)
80
Central Africa Republic (353,55)

70
60

India (794,56)

50

China (2176,46)
Thailand (2922,44)

40
30

France
(32902,4)

20
10

United States
(41679,2) Luxembourg
(80616,1)

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

GDP per Capita (current USD)

: GDP per Capita %

Agricultures share of total employment (%)
: World Development Indicators, World Bank, 2553

(Market Access)
(Export subsidies)
(Domestic support)


9

(
, 2555)
9

Reforming Trade, price and subsidy

policies, World Development Report 2008, Agriculture
for Development

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

Nominal
Rate of Assistance to Producer10 (NRA)
2000-2004 ( 4)
NRA

4 Nominal rate of assistance for

transforming countries, either increased
protection or reduce taxation
1980-84

2000-04

Indonesia
India
Thailand
Malaysia
China
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Egypt
Senegal
Zimbabwe
-80

-60 -40 -20

0
20
Nominal rate of assistant,%

40

: World Development report 2008, 102

2.

2 1)
10

Nominal Rate of Assistance (NRA)

.
0

(World Development Report,
2008)

2)

2.1
2503 - 2528




(Consumer-led food
policy)


1)
(Export premium)

2) (Export duty)

3)
(Rice reserve requirement)
4)
(Quantitative restrictions on exports)


(Government to Government G to G) 11
11

(Government to Government G to G)


G to G 2
(1)

(2)

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

5
2529

70

60

50
(Reserve Requirement)
(Quota Rent)
40
30

20
(Premium)
10
(Export Duty)
0
2502 2505 2508 2511 2514 2517 2520 2523 2526 2529

: (2531)

(2531)
4 3040 2503-2515
50-60 2516-2517
0
2529 ( 5)
2.2
2518

2 1)

2518
2)

2516-2517
( ,
2533)

(Consumer-led food policy)
(Producer-led-food
policy)
2

2.2.1
2524/25

(.)

(.)



80

100,000
13


. .

2 1)
2)


November 28, 2012

2530/31
(.)
3
.
12
2543/44

2544/45

.
2544 .
. .

2544 13

2551/2552
2552/2553

6
2531-2555

30

18,000

25

15,000

20

12,000

15

9,000

10

6,000

3,000

0
42/43
43/44
44/45
45/46
46/47
47/48
48/49
49/50
50/51
51/52
54/55

FAQ Issue 77

()
()
()
() ()
()

: 2552/53 2553/54

7
2544-2555

25

17,500
15,000

20

12,500

15

10,000

10

7,500
5,000

2,500

0
44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 55
()
()
()
() ()
()

12

2517
(.)

.. 2534
13
5
350,000
. .

: 1. 2553 2554
2.
90


()
:

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

14 2531-2555 (22
2552/53 2553/54)

2.4 12.2

19
2550/2551

( 6)
2544-2555 ( 2553-2554)
3.3 45.8
7.2
2555

( 7) 19 2555
14

2554 2

8
2545/46-2550/51

10

8,000

6,000

4,000

4
2

2,000

45/46 46/47 47/48 48/49 49/50 50/51

()
()
() ()
()

: , (2553)
14

10 (
16 )

2545-2551
( 8)
.
.
.

2549/2550


15
2.2.2

(Put Option)

2552/2553
(.)

2552/2553
.. ..
2552 1 ..
2552 .. 2553

15

2 5 5 0
(.)
(.) .


10% (, 2553, p.15)

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

2554/2555 82.2
147.3
2551/52

15,000
10,000
20,000
14,914

3.

5 2547-2552

40
16
( 9 10)

3.1

2548/49-2554/55
500,000 14
( 9)

2 3

1,400,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
0
48/49

49/50

50/51

51/52

54/55

: 2552/53 2553/54

16

.
60 ,
2542

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

11

10
.. 2547 - 2552

300
250
200
150
100
50
0

100%
80%
60%
40%

1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5

2550 2552 2554

20%

()
()
()

0%
2547

2549

2550

2552

:
(.)
(.)

86 5
2554 34.7
2552 2552 21.0
2550 ( 11)




3
72 1
119
82

300
250
200
150
100
50
0

1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
2550 2552 2554
()
()
()

3.2

.

2527 2553
. 2554
140,332.6 7
1 GDP
106,542
8,711 ( 12)

17

17

2554/55
4
50

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

12 .. 2553 .. 2554
()
2554

2553

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
0

50,000 100,000150,000200,000

: (2) (3)
(4)
:
2554/55 ,
(2555)

18
1
17
83, 000
15

1-6

18

(),
, 7 2555

3.3

(Efficiency of production)





19

1.2
2.6
2.5 1.7 ( 13)
13

1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
0

2510-30

2531-40

2541-50

2551-54

World United China Vietnam India Thailand

States

: United State Department of Agriculture (USDA)

19

10

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

(Cost efficiency)
45
32
20 2555
10,440
10.9 2551-2555

4.

3

1.

. 21

20

2550

21

(.)
10 %

22

2.

Soft infrastructure





23

3.

22

( , 2554)
23
(.)
, (2554), ,

, (2554), : ,
, ..- ..

11

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

(Give a man a fish and you feed him
for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed
him for a lifetime)
BOX:

2524/25
... 80
100,000
13 (
.)
2529/30

... 3
6

2530/31
3

2533/34


.
(.) 2534/35
80 90

2536/37
2
...
3
. .

2541/42

90 95

2542/43

. ...
.

2544

2544/45
2.5
8.7 100

2547/48
9

30
2549/50

2551

14,000 2551
12,000 251/52
2552

11,800
2552
: (

)

References:
Kym Anderson, (2009), Policy Reforms Affecting
Agricultural Incentives: Much Achieved, Much
Still Needed, The international Bank for
Reconstruction and Development, The World
Bank.
Kym Anderson, Will Martin, Ernesto Valenzuela,
(2006), The relative importance of global
agricultural subsidies and market access, The
World Bank.
OECD (2007), Agricultural Policies in Non-OECD
Countries: Monitoring and Evaluation 2007
Peter Warr and Archanun Kohpaiboon (2007),
Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in
Thailand, Agricultural Distortion Working Paper
No.25, December 2007.
World Bank (2008), World Development Report
2008: Agriculture for Development.
(.), ( 2555 ),
,
, Thailand Political Database,
www.tpd.in.th
, (2554),

12

FAQ Issue 77

November 28, 2012

2554/55
, (2554),
: ,
, ..- ..
(.) (.),
(2554), ,

(.) , (2554),
,

11,
2012-2016, , 14 2011
(2542),
60 .
(TDRI) (2552),

(.)

(),
, . 7
2555
(. .), (2553), :

,

(. .), (2553),
,

(TUHPP),

(2550),
2550
(.) , (2533),
,

(.)
(2531),

.. 25032527, 60 ,

(.), (2541),

,
60 ,

Contact authors :

Saovanee Chantapong, Team Leader

Capital Movement Policy Team
Monetary Policy Office
SaovaneC@bot.or.th

Duangthip Sirikanchanarak
Senior Economist
BOT, Northern Regional Office
DoungtiS@bot.or.th

13