Approximately 97% of Earth's water is either sea water or brackish (salt water contained in inland bodies), both of which

are undrinkable by humans. Desalination is the process of removing salt from seawater. Natural desalination occurs as a part of the hydrologic cycle as seawater evaporates. Manipulated desalinizationdesalting, or saline water reclamationis an energy expensive alternative to natural desalination.

Water desalination is primarily done by two methods:1. Thermal desalination ; which is having Multi stage flash ejectors (MSFE) or MED (multi effects distillation process) . Thermal desalinators will have an evaporator and a condenser with various stages. These desalinators are kept under vacuum so that the water can flash and turn into vapour at vacuum conditions. It requires low pressure steam to provide heat of flashing in the evaporators and cooling water in condenser to convert pure steam into water again , A deslation water tank and transfer pumps are also provided! 2. The second type is RO (Reverse Osmosis ) type which is based on prinicple of diffusion of water from a high salt content side to low salt content side. It contains a train of membranes , collection tanks and transfer pumps are required for this system. This type of system is used where steam is premium and thermal desalination can't be carried out!