POVERTY,DEVELOPMENT AND HUNGER

Poverty is the worst form of violence.violence.- Mahatma Ghandi

Hunger..BananaFear By Graffiti Rabbit

Statistics

THE POOR, THE HUNGRY, AND THE UNDERDEVELOPED

1945-1980s: Third World- impoverished countries of Africa, Asia and Latin America 1980s-1990s: + Second World countries of the former Eastern block

1945-1989

First World- U.S.A., U.K and their allies Second World: U.S.S.R., china and their allies Third World: Non- aligned countries, most recently freed from colonial domination

Bretton Woods Conference July 1944

Western allies gradually abandon protectionist trade policies United Nations U.N. 1945 International Monetary Fund I.M.F. 1945 General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade G.A.T.T. 1947-1994, replaced by World Trade Organization W.T.O World Bank 1944

Cold War

Marshall Plan of 1947 Decolonization 1950s-1960s Third world - economically backward and needed to be developed First World and Second World fight over Third world Most of the Third World states adopt free market policies (with few exceptions) 1989- collapse of the eastern bloc

Poverty
Orthodox Approach Unfulfilled material needs Economic condition (dependent on cash transaction in the market place)- not enough money Critical Approach Unfulfilled material and nonmaterial needs Lack of access to communityregulated common resources

Income poverty (material)/ Human Poverty (dignity, choices) UNDP

Hunger
Orthodox approach Insufficient food production Overpopulation (expected 10 billion in 2050) Family planning (efforts to reduce fertility rate) Entitlement approach Factors that determine food distribution Third World countries enormous agricultural output Worlds population dependent on wage labor for access to food