Final Project

(Project Topic)
A REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF GUJRAT IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

Submitted By

Submitted To

Department of Management and Administrative Sciences, University of Gujrat, 2012

Project instructions prepared by Ms Mehwish Kaleem

Dedication (Optional)

Project instructions prepared by Ms Mehwish Kaleem

Acknowledgement

Here you will write a brief paragraph to acknowledge the help and support you received through out your project. You can acknowledge the library staff, lecturer, family or any other person who helped you in your project completion.

Project instructions prepared by Ms Mehwish Kaleem

Executive Summary
An executive summary is one among the several important parts of a report. It is like a micro image of the research report because it deals with all the sections of it. It may range from one to two pages providing brief overview of the subject matter, methods of analysis, findings and recommendations. It comprises several paragraphs which are numbered and deal with the following sections: Paragraph one (1) should deal with back ground of the study. Paragraph two (2) should deal with the purpose and methodology of the research/study. Paragraph 3, 4 should deal with the findings of the study. Last paragraphs should deal with recommendations of study and action plan if any.

Project instructions prepared by Ms Mehwish Kaleem

Table of Contents

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List of Illustrations

(List down, if any, the important diagrams, graphs, tables and pictures with

page numbers)

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION In this part, a brief and comprehensive introduction of the topic under study is given. It must include some two or three paragraphs explaining the project. Project title. What is project all about? Include some facts, figures, news to justify the rationale of the project. i.e. how this project can benefit the organization. Quote some examples of other organizations of same or similar industry, who are getting benefits from these practices. 1.1 Introduction of the organization: Its mission statement, vision statement. Critical success factors. What is the importance of the organization for the region? 1.2 Introduction of the organizations business sector: What is the importance of this sector for country? List of competitors. What is their ranking?

1.3 Background of the project: It should provide all the necessary initial information so that the reader can better understand the situation under study. Explain the current scenario of the system, i.e. any ordinary and extraordinary problems, that handicapped the smooth running of the process or system. Use references, with dates if possible to highlight the problem areas of the system. Emphasis how your efforts can bring a positive change, and how necessary this project is for a sustainable growth. 1.3.1 System:

Explain the whole system. You can use a process flow chart to give the picture of the details. Who reports to whom? Who passes the orders. Who is the main process owner? Who is the immediate boss? What is the pay structure.
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1.3.2

Past history highlights:

What are the significant positive and negative incidents in the past. And what What is the past were the decisions about those incidents. 1.3.3 Hierarchy chart:

Graphical presentation of the whole system.

CHAPTER 2: Preparation and Planning 2.2 Determine processes to be benchmarked

This step involves defining as accurately as possible the process to be benchmarked. It is the cornerstone of the entire benchmarking process. 2.2.1 what is the overall goal of the specific department assigned to you. What are the long term and

short term objectives of this department 2.2.2 Does an entire system require rethinking? Perhaps a particular process within that system needs to

be improved. Can improvement be achieved by upgrading some particular task within the process?

2.2.3 prepare a flowchart: A good first step in gaining an overview of the entire process is to flowchart
it. This will help identify problem areas and locate potential trouble areas.

2.2.4 Determine the affordable change:

How much change is possible? Given your organization's resources and circumstances, find out whether reforming the process is affordable at the determined level of change.

2.2.5 Critical performance measures:

Have critical performance measures been determined? Investigate whether measures have been determined in accordance with customer requirements. Have the measures been expressed in terms of a ratio or percentage? Are there other measures and, if so, which measure has priority?

2.3 Determine organizations to be benchmarked

This step determines which organizations should be studied by identifying "the best of the best"organizations whose practices can be adapted to your requirements. Develop a list of effective potential benchmarking list
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Chapter 3 Study Of Benchmarking Partner

Study the benchmarking partner in detail:

What is the business sector? Why you have selected that as benchmarking partner. Decide which combination of the four types of sources-internal, published, external or original researchwould yield optimal results. Identify the appropriate contact person of benchmarked organization. Prepare a checklist of topics to be covered. Gather data on past history highlights positives. Prepare a flowchart of benchmarking partner. Determine the critical performance measures of benchmarking partner. Chapter 4: Analyze for Gaps This step involves analyzing the data collected, discovering to what degree present performance lags behind the best in each area and combining the best features from the best practices into an ideal process. The correct implementation of this step will result in a clear picture of your processes in comparison with others in your business or industry. Has the difference between the benchmarked organization's practice and your own been expressed in quantitative terms
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Plot the performance of both organizations against each other Determine whether gaps are positive or negative Is the gap widening or narrowing, according to recent trends? Discover the reason, based on the data analyzed Determine why these gaps exist. What are the root causes? How the negative gaps can be closed or improved. Suggestions for improvements. What will be the positives or negatives of these suggested changes, in terms of cost, customer satisfaction level, employee performance, employee satisfaction level, process o wners resistance or convenience and management of the organization? project future performance, both with and without the proposed benchmarking changes Chapter 5: Develop Action Plan for Implementation The detailed action plan should carry the important things like a time line, individuals responsible for carrying out the tasks. Those responsible should be committed enough to ensure that the tasks and assignments are completed on time. Determine what type of change (e.g., basic goal priorities, measurement units, quantity or frequency of units processed) must be implemented. What impact will the revised goals have within the organization? Some departments may need to be reorganized, and some employees' positions will need to be redefined, created or eliminated. Also, some lines of authority may need to be altered. Analyze how the revised goals will impact departments not targeted for change. How will these changes be justified to the parties affected? Revise the goals of your assigned department. What impact will the revised goals have outside the organization? Try to ascertain what effect the changes will have on customers. Then decide in what detail they should be informed of changes and how to present the changes to generate support rather than anxiety. Has management committed to the specific revised goals? Management must understand the proposed
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goals and fully support them. And management must communicate the goals to all affected employees in such a way as to obtain their full commitment. Identify the appropriate level of management for the procedure (e.g., line manager, management team, process owner). develops procedures to enable close monitoring of the changes and tracking of results so that, over time, successful elements of the new practices can be retained and the less successful ones eliminated. Chapter 6: Conclusion, Recommendations & Limitations 6.1: Conclusion Precisely state the final outcomes of the work. It is the ultimate result of the inquiry conducted under the given context and circumstances. Conclusion/findings should be in short yet comprehensive sentences/paragraphs. Each sentence/paragraph describing new idea should be bulleted. 6.2: Recommendations This section deals with your proposed solutions or plans to cover and remove all the flaws and deficiencies that you think (in light of data processing and analysis) needs to be removed or improved. Recommendations should be clear, specific and based on your findings. They must be logical and applicable. 6.3: Limitations Limitations of a project refer to limiting conditions or restrictive factors that may have an effect on the project. Project should be critically analyzed after its completion. A precise list of all the limitations of the study is to be illustrated under this heading. You may consider following points while writing limitations of the study: Access to the concerned participants/respondents Access to the required information Timescale Reluctance or hesitation of participants to participate in the study Its aim should be to provide realistic basis for assessing the results.

Project instructions prepared by Ms Mehwish Kaleem

Bibliography

Project instructions prepared by Ms Mehwish Kaleem