A.

HIDROLISIS
Tabel Pengamatan !
Basa Pembentuk
Rumus
Kuat/Lemah
Kimia
KOH
Kuat
NH4OH
Lemah
NaOH
Kuat
Na2OH
Kuat
NaOH
Kuat
Al(OH)3
Lemah
NH4OH
Lemah

Larutan garam
KCl
NH4Cl
CH3COONa
Na2CO3
Na3PO4
Al2(SO4)3
(NH4)2SO4

B. SOAL HIDROLISIS
1. a. [OH-]

=
=
= 10-4,5
POH = -log [OH-]
= -log 10-4,5
= 4,5
pH

= pKW pOh
= 14-4,5
= 9,5

b. . [H+]

pH

=
= 10-5
= -log [H+]
= -log 10-5
=5

Asam Pembentuk
Rumus
Kuat/Lemah
Kimia
HCl
Kuat
HCl
Kuat
CH3COOH Lemah
H2CO3
Lemah
H3PO4
Lemah
H2SO4
Kuat
H2SO4
Kuat

Sifat Larutan Garam

Netral
Asam
Basa
Basa
Basa
Asam
Asam

2. mol CH3COOH
= VCH3COOH. MCH3COOH
= 100 mL . 15.10-2
= 15 mmol
Mol NaOH = VNaOH . MNaOH
= 150 mL . 0,1 M
= 15 mmol
CH3COOH +
NaOH
CH3COONa +
Mula-mula
15 mmol
15 mmol
Bereaksi
15 mmol
15 mmol
15 mmol
Setelah

[CH3COONa] =
2

. [OH-] =
=
=
= 2,45 . 10-5,5
pOH

= -log . [OH-]
= - log 2,45. 10-5,5
= 5,5 log 2,45

pH

= pKw pOH
= 14 ( 5,5 log 2,45 )
= 8,5 + log 2,45
3.

0,1

10-2

Kh

= 10-3

H2O

15 mmol
=

= 0,06 M

= 6.10-

Kh

Maka : OHpOH

Ka =

= -log 10-2 = 2,

= 10-11
=

= 10-2

pH = 14-2 = 12

4. a. [OH-]
=

pOH

= . [OH-] =

= 5 . 10-5,5

= -log [OH-]
= -log 5.10-5,5
= 5,5 log 5

pH

= pKw pOH
= 14 (5,5 log 5 )
= 9 + log 5

b. [H+] =

= 10-7 M

pH = -log [H+] = -log 10-7 = 7

c. mol CH3COOH

= V CH3COOH X MCH3COOH
= 100 mL x 0,1 M = 10 mmol

MolNaOH

= V NaOH x M NaOH
= 100 mL . 0,1 M = 10 mmol

Mula-mula
Bereaksi

CH3COOH
10 mmol
10 mmol

Setelah

NaOH
10 mmol
10mmol

CH3COONa +

10mmol

10mmol

H2O

[CH3COONa] =

= 0,05 M

[OH-] =
=
pOH

= 2,24 . 10-5,5

= - log [OH-]
= - log 2,24 10-5,5
= 5,5 log 2,24

pH

= 14 (5,5 log 2,24)

= 8,5 + log 2,24

d. mol NH3

= V NH3 x M NH3
= 200 mL x 0,3 M
= 60 mmol

MolHCl

= V HCl x M HCl
= 300 mL x 0,2 M = 60 mm0l

NH3

HCl

NH4Cl

Mula-mula

60 mmol

60mmol

Reaksi

60 mmol

60 mmol

60 mmol

Hasil

60 mmol

[NH4Cl]

[H+]

= 0,12 M = 12.10-2

=
=

= 3,46 . 10-5,5 M

= - log [H+]

pH

= - log 3,46 x 10-5,5

= 5,5 log 3,46

5. pH = 4 , [H+] = 10-4

[H+]

[H+]2 =
(10-4)2 =

[B-]
[B-]

10-8

= 10-9[B-]

[B-]

[B-]

= [NH4Cl]

MolNH4Cl

= NH4Cl. V NH4Cl

= 10 M

= 10 M . 200 mL = 200 mmol = 2 mol

MrNH4Cl

= Ar N + 4 Ar + ArCl = 14+4.1+35 = 53 g/mol

Massa NH4Cl yang terlarut = MrNH4Cl .mol NH4Cl

= 53 g/mol x 2 mol
= 106 gram

C. SOAL KSP
1. mol CaCl2

= MCaCl2 x VCaCl2

= 0,001 M x 200 ml
= 0,2 mmol
mol Na2CO3 = MNa2CO3 x VNa2CO3
= 0,001 M x 300 ml
= 0,3 mmol

[Ca2+]

=
=
=
= 0,4 . 10-3 M
= 4 . 10-4 M

[CO32-]

=
=
=
= 0,6 . 10-3 M
= 6. 10-4 M

Qsp CaCO3

= [Ca2+]

[CO32-]

= (4 . 10-4) (6. 10-4)

= 24 . 10-8
Ksp CaCO3

= 5 x 10-9

Oleh karena Qsp>Ksp maka pada pencampuran terjadi endapan CaCO3.

2. Misal kelarutan Ag2S dalam larutan Na2S 0,01 M = n M

Ag2S
nM
Na2S

2Ag+ +
2n M

S2nM

2Na+ +

0,01 M 0,02 M

S20,01 M

[Ag+]2

= (2n)2 = 4n2 M

[S2-]

= (n + 0,01) M
= 0,01 M

Ksp Ag2S

= [Ag+]2

1,6 . 10-14

= (4n2) (0,01)

1,6 . 10-15

= 4n2 . 10-2

= 2 . 10-6,5 M

[S2-]

mol Ag2S yang larut = n . V

= 2 . 10-6,5 M . 500 ml
= 103 . 10-6,5 mmol
= 10-3,5 mmol
= 10-6,5 mol
Massa Ag2S yang larut

= Mr . mol

= 248 . 10-6,5 gram

3. pH
pOH

= 9 + log 2

= pKw pH
= 14 (9 + log 2)
= 5 log 2

[OH-] = 2 . 10-5 M
Pb (OH)2

Pb2+

1 . 10-5 M

10-5 M

Ksp

2OH2 . 10-5 M

= [Pb2+] [OH-]2
= (10-5) (2 .10-5)2
= (10-5) (4 . 10-5)2
= 4 x 10-15

4. pH = 5, OH- = 10-5
dit : S ( kelarutan ) ?
Al 3+ +
10-5

Al(OH)3

Maka
KSP
1,3 x 10-33

= S x (10-5)3
= S x 10-15

= 1,3 x 10-18

Maka kekurangannya = 1,3 x 10-18

: Pb2+ = 10-4
Fe2+ = 10-4
Cu2+ = 10-4
Cd2+ = 10-4
Di campur dengan Na2S = 10-4

5. dik

Maka : Na2S 2 Na

3OH

S2-

10-11 2x10-4
10-4
Pbs
Pb2+ +
Ksp
=
10-4 x 10-4
8 x 10-28
=
10-8
MAKA
Q > Ksp ( Mengendap )

S2-

S2-

Cds
Cd2+
+
-4
-4
Ksp =
10 x 10
2+
8 x 10
=
10-8
MAKA
Q > Ksp ( Mengendap )
Cus
Ksp
6,3 x 103,6
MAKA

Cu2+
10-4
10-8

+
x 10

-4

Q > Ksp ( Mengendap )

Fes
Ksp
6,3 x 10-19
MAKA

=
=

=
=

Fe2+
10-4
10-8

+
S2x 10-4

Q > Ksp ( Mengendap )

S2-