Chapter 2

Agriculture
The agriculture sector continues to be an essential
component of Pakistans economy. It currently
contributes 21 percent to GDP. Agriculture
generates productive employment opportunities for
45 percent of the countrys labour force and 60
percent of the rural population depends upon this
sector for its livelihood. It has a vital role in
ensuring food security, generating overall
economic growth, reducing poverty and the
transforming towards industrialization. The present
government is determined to improve the quality
of life of the people and to banish hunger and
malnutrition from the country by making
agriculture an efficient, productive and profitable
sector of the economy.
In order to improve governance in the public sector
the government took bold steps and brought in the
18th Amendment to the Constitution of 1973.
Accordingly, Ministries performing tasks which
were provincial subjects were devolved from the
Federal level, including the Ministry of Food and
Agriculture. However, realizing the food security
concerns across the country the government took
timely steps to establish the Ministry of National
Food Security and Research to tackle the Food
Security issues.

The newly created Ministry, under the aegis of

the present government, has planned to take
two major steps in order to solve the food
security issues on a permanent basis. The first
step is the establishment of the National Food
Security Council representing Federal,
Provincial and local level Governments.
Secondly, through a Letter of Intent the Ministry,
in collaboration with World Food Programme, is
launching the Zero Hunger Programme worth US $

1.6 billion to address the food security objective.

Under this Programme the Ministry shall donate up
to 500,000 metric tons of wheat per year and the
World Food Programme intends to negotiate with
local producers to exchange part of the donated
wheat for High Energy Biscuits (HEB) and similar
products manufactured in Pakistan factories for
distributions through WFP operations to primary
school children, siblings of malnourished children
and the vulnerable populations especially children
at risk of malnutrition. The fund will also be
converted to fortified wheat flour for distributions
aimed at combating food insecurity in Pakistan.
The WFP will also cooperate in the capacity
building of the Ministrys officials in areas
addressing food security and monitoring progress.
Flooding in 2011, affected crops like rice, cotton
and sugarcane, although in the current year, 201112, they performed well and provided support and
continued to support food security objectives this
year. The agriculture sector recorded a growth of
3.1 percent in 2011-12. The profitability of
agriculture sector during 2011-12, remained high
because the farmers received good prices for rice,
cotton and sugarcane, which allowed for greater
financial resources passed on to the rural economy.
Recent performance
During 2011-12, the overall performance of
agriculture sector exhibited a growth of 3.1 percent
mainly due to positive growth in agriculture related
subsectors, except minor crops. Major crops
accounted for 31.9 percent of agricultural value
added and experienced a growth of 3.2 percent in
fiscal year 2011-12 with negative growth of 0.2
percent in 2011. The significant growth in major
crops is contributed by rice, cotton and sugarcane
17

Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12

by 27.7 percent, 18.6 percent and 4.9 percent,

respectively.

Table 2.1: Agriculture growth percentages from 2005-2012

Year
Agriculture Major Crops Minor Crops
2005-06
6.3
-3.9
0.4
2006-07
4.1
7.7
-1.0
2007-08
1.0
-6.4
10.9
2008-09
4.0
7.8
-1.2
2009-10
0.6
-2.3
-7.7
2010-11
2.4
-0.2
2.7
2011-12(P)
3.1
3.2
-1.3
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
P:Provisional

Minor crops contributed 10.1 percent value

addition in agriculture and exhibited a negative
growth of 1.3 percent in 2011-12 against 2.7
percent growth of 2011. The Livestock sector,
which has a 55.1 percent share in the agriculture,
grew by 4.0 percent in 2011-12. The Fishery sector
grew by 1.8 percent as against last years growth of
1.9 percent. Forestry sector posted a positive
growth of 1.0 percent this year as compared to
negative growth of 0.4 percent last year.
Pakistan has two crop seasons, "Kharif" being the
first sowing season from April-June and it is
harvested during October-December. Rice,
sugarcane, cotton, maize, mung, mash, bajra and
jowar are Kharif" crops. "Rabi", the second

Livestock
15.8
2.8
4.2
3.1
4.3
4.0
4.0

Fishery
20.8
15.4
9.2
2.3
1.5
1.9
1.8

sowing season, begins October-December and is

harvested in April-May. Wheat, gram, lentil
(masoor), tobacco, rapeseed, barley and mustard
are "Rabi" crops. These crops make Pakistan an
agricultural country and its performance is
dependent upon timely availability of irrigation
water. During 2011-12, the availability of water as
a basic input for Kharif 2011 (for the crops such as
rice, sugarcane and cotton) has been 10 percent
less than the normal supplies but 13 percent higher
than last years Kharif 2010 season. The water
availability during Rabi season (for major crop
such as wheat), is estimated at 29.4 MAF, which is
19.2 percent less than the normal availability, but
15 percent less than last years Rabi crop (Table
2.2).

Table 2.2: Actual Surface Water Availability

Period
Average system usage
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
Source: Indus River System Authority

Kharif

Rabi
67.1
65.9
59.1
70.8
63.1
70.8
66.9
67.3
53.4
60.4

I. Crop Situation
Major crops, such as wheat, rice, cotton and
sugarcane account for 91 percent of the value
added in the major crops. The value added in major
crops accounts for 32 percent of the value added in
18

Forestry
-1.1
-5.1
-13.0
-3.0
2.2
-0.4
1.0

(Million Acre Feet)

%age incr/decr.
Over the Avg.

Total
36.4
31.5
23.1
30.1
31.2
27.9
24.9
25.0
34.6
29.4

103.5
97.4
82.2
100.9
94.3
98.7
91.8
92.3
88.0
89.8

- 5.9
- 20.6
- 2.5
- 8.9
- 4.6
-11.3
-10.8
-15.0
-13.4

the agriculture. Thus, four major crops (wheat,

rice, cotton, and sugarcane) on average, contribute
29 percent to the value added in overall agriculture
and 6.0 percent to GDP. The minor crops account
for 10.1 percent of the value added in overall

Agricuulture
agriculturre. Livestock contributes 55.1 percent to
agriculturral value ad
ddedmuch more
m
than the
t
combinedd contribution
n of major annd minor croops
Table 2.3: Production of
o Major Crop
ps
Cotton
Year
Sugarcanee
(0
000 bales)
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12(P)

13,019
(-8.7)
12,856
(-1.2)
11,655
(-9.3)
11,819
(1.4)
12,914
(9.4)
11,460
(-11.3)
13,595
(18.6)

(41.9 percent). Thhe productionn performancce of

major crops
c
is docum
mented in Taable 2.3.
(iin thousands off tons)
R
Rice

444,666
(-5.5)
544,742
(222.6)
633,920
(116.8)
500,045
(-221.7)
499,373
(-1.3)
555,309
(112.0)
588,038
(4.9)

Maize
5,547
(10.4)
5,438
(-2.0)
5,563
(2.3)
6,952
(25.0)
6,883
(-1.0)
4,823
(-30.0)
6,160
(27.7)

Wheatt
3,1100
(11.22)
3,0888
(-0.77)
3,6055
(16.77)
3,5933
(-0.3)
3,261
(-9.22)
3,7077
(13.77)
4,271
(15.22)

21,277
(-1.6)
23,295
(9.5)
20,959
(-10.0)
24,033
(14.7)
23,311
(-3.0)
25,214
(8.2)
23,517
(-6.7)

Source: Paakistan Bureau of Statistics

P: Provisioonal (July-Marcch), Figures inn parentheses arre growth/decline rates

a) Major Crops:
i) Cotton:
i an important cashh crop whiich
Cotton is
significanntly contributtes to the nattional econom
my
by providding raw material
m
to thhe local texttile
industry, surh as cotto
on lint as an export item.. It
accounts for 7.8 peercent of vaalue added in
agriculturre and 1.6 perrcent of GDP
P. During 2011112, the crop
c
was culttivated on ann area of 28835
thousand hectares, 5.4 percent morre than last yeear
(2689 thhousand hecttares). The production is
reported at 13.6 milliion bales durring the periiod
(July-Marrch) 2011-12,, higher by 188.6 percent ovver
the last years producttion which was
w 11.5 milliion
bales. The increase in cultivaated area and
a
productionn is attributeed to the usee of BT cottoon,
control ovver widespreaad attack of cotton leaf curl
c
virus (CL
LCV) and su
ucking pestss which helpped
Table 2.4: Area, Produ
uction and Yieeld of Cotton
Area
Year
(000
0 Hectare)
% Change
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12(P)

3054
2820
3106
2689
2835

- 0.7
-7.7
10.1
-13.4
5.4

increasse in yield peer hectare ass compared to last

year. The
T area, prodduction and yield
y
of cottoon for
the lastt five years iss given in Taable 2.4 and Figure
F
2.1.
Figu
ure 2.1: Cotton Production
P
(000 bales)
140
000
135
500
130
000
125
500
120
000
115
500
110
000
07-08

08-09

09-10

10-11

11-12(P)

Source: PBS
P

Production
(000 Bales)
% Changge
116555
118119
129114
114660
135995

- 9.3
1.4
9.3
-111.3
1
18.6

(Kgs/Heec)

Yield
% Chaange

649
713
707
724
815

-8.7
9.9
-0.8
2.4
12.6

Source: Pakkistan Bureau of

o Statistics
P: Provisional (July-March)

19

Pakistan Economic
E
Surrvey 2011-122
World Cootton Outloo
ok
The produuction and con
nsumption off major cottonn growing couuntries are givven in Table 2.5.
2
Table 2.5: Production and
a Consumpttion of Major Cotton Grow
wing Countriess
20009-10
20010-11 E
Productionn
China
6.992
6
6.40
India
5.118
5
5.76
USA
2.665
3
3.94
Pakistan
2.007
1
1.91
Brazil
1.119
1
1.96
Uzbekistann
0.885
0
0.91
Others
3.229
4
4.22
World Total
22.117
255.10
Consumptiion
China
10.110
9
9.59
India
4.330
4
4.48
Pakistan
2.339
2
2.20
East Asia/A
Australia
1.886
1
1.75
Europe & Turkey
T
1.555
1
1.49
Brazil
1.002
0
0.96
USA
0.777
0
0.85
Others
3.336
3
3.17
World Total
25.336
244.49
Source: Paakistan Central Cotton Comm
mittee, M/O Texxtile Industry
E: Estimateed, P: Provisio
onal

Fig-2.2
2: Sugarcane Production
P
(0000
Tonss)
65000
60000
55000
50000
45000
07-08

08-0
09

09-10

10-11

11-12(P))

Source: PBS

ii) Sugarccane:
The sugarrcane crop is the second major
m
cash crrop
and is useed as a raw material
m
in thhe production of
refined suugar and gur.. Its share in value addedd in
agriculturre and GDP
P is 3.7 and 0.8 perceent,

20

(inn Millions of Toons)

2011-12 P
7.40
5.69
3.39
2.35
2.00
0.88
5.28
2
26.96
9.38
4.56
2.33
1.63
1.46
0.90
0.70
3.01
2
23.96

respecttively. Sugarccane was culltivated on ann area

of 1,0446 thousand hectares,
h
5.9 percent
p
higherr than
last years
y
level of 988 thhousand hecctares.
Sugarccane production for the year 2011-12 is
estimatted at 58.0 million
m
tons, in contrast to
t last
years production of 55.3 millionn tons. This shows
s
an incrrease of 4.9 percent
p
over the productiion of
last yeear. The maiin factors coontributing to
t the
producction are luccrative markket prices off last
years produce andd timely avaailability of inputs
i
encourraged the farm
mers to grow
w more sugaarcane
crop. However,
H
the yield per heectare, if com
mpared
with laast year, possted a negative growth. The
floods of 2010 enhanced thee soil fertilitty of
Sugarccane crop, and as a result,, yield per heectare
posted a growth of 6.9 percennt as comparred to
wever,
negativve 0.9 perrcent this year. How
producctivity gain could
c
not be sustained beecause
water receded veryy slowly in sugarcane arrea of
lower Sindh. The area, producction and yieeld of
sugarcaane for the laast five years are given in Table
2.6 andd Figure 2.2.

Agricuulture
Table 2.6: Area, Producction and Yielld of Sugarcan
ne
Area
Produ
uction
Year
(000 Hectare)
H
% Change
(000 Tons)
% Change
2007-08
1241
20.6
63920
16.8
2008-09
1029
-17.1
50045
-21.7
2009-10
943
-8.4
49373
-1.3
2010-11
988
4.8
55309
12.0
2011-12(P)
1046
5.9
58038
4.9
Source: Paakistan Bureau
u of Statistics
P: Provisioonal (July-Marcch)

producction and yielld of rice for the last five years

are shoown in Table 2.7
2 and Figurre 2.3.

iii) Rice:
Rice rankks as second amongst
a
the staple food graain
crops in Pakistan
P
and it
i has been a major sourcee of
foreign exxchange earniings in recentt years. Pakisttan
grows a high
h
quality of
o rice to fulffill the domesstic
demand and
a also for exports. Ricce accounts 4.9
4
percent of the value added
a
in agriiculture and 1.0
percent of GDP. The sown area for
f rice is 25571
thousand hectares, 8.7 percent more
m
than last
l
years 2365 thousand hectares. The production of
the crop is
i an estimateed 6160 thouusand tons, 277.7
percent more
m
than the4
4823 thousandd tons producced
last year. This increasee in area is duue to 8.7 perceent
increase in
i area sown
n. The yield per
p hectare has
h
shown im
mproved gro
owth of 177.5 percent as
comparedd to -14.6 percent last year.
y
The arrea,
Table 2.7: Area, Producction and Yielld of Rice
Area
Year
(000 Heectare)
% Change
2007-08
2515
-2.6
2008-09
2963
17.8
2009-10
2883
-2.7
2010-11
2365
-18.0
2011-12(P)
2571
8.7
Source: Paakistan Bureau
u of Statistics
P: Provisioonal (July-Marcch)

Yield
(Kgs/Hecc.)
% Chaange
511507
-3.2
488635
-5.6
522357
7.7
555981
6.9
555486
-0.9

Figu
ure 2.3: Rice P
Production (000 Tons)
75
500
70
000
65
500
60
000
55
500
50
000
07-08

08-09

fo most of the
t
Wheat is the basic staple food for
populationn and largest grain sourcee of the counttry.
Its impoortance is always recognized whhen
formulatinng agriculturral policies. It contribuutes
12.5 percent to the value added in agriculture and
a
2.6 percennt to GDP. Wheat
W
is cultivvated in an arrea
of 8666 thousand
t
hecttares in 20111-12, showingg a
decrease of 2.6 perceent over last years area of

10-11

11-12(P)
Sourcee: PBS

Production
(
(000
Tons)
% Change
5563
2.33
6952
25.00
6883
-1.00
4823
-30.00
6160
27.77

iv) Wheat:

09-10

45
500

Yield
(Kgs/Hecc.)
% Chaange
2212
5.0
2346
6.1
2387
1.7
2039
-14.6
2396
17.5

8901 thousand
t
hecctares. The production
p
off 23.5
millionn tons is estim
mated during July-March 20112
12. Thhe yield per hectare in 2011-12 possted a
negativve growth of 4.2 percent as
a compared to 11
percentt growth last year. This is due to the facct that
the sow
wing of wheaat was delayeed due to staanding
water and other climatic
c
factoors. Recentlyy the
governnment has incrreased the proocurement prrice to
Rs. 10050. This steep would heelp the farmeers to

21

Pakistan Economic
E
Surrvey 2011-122
on and its impact
i
will be
increase its productio
realized inn the later parrt of 2011-12..

Fig 2.4:
2 Wheat Prooduction (0000 Tons)
2700
00

The overaall decrease in area is duue to problems

farmers faced in th
he disposal of the wheat
produced during last year.
y
Farmerss then began to
increase predisposition
p
n of growing early sown BT
B
cotton andd reducing th
he area of BT
T cotton sownn in
rain affectted districts of
o Sindh This phenomenonn is
demonstraated in Table 2.8 and Figurre 2.4.

2500
00
2300
00
2100
00
1900
00
1700
00
07-08

08-09

09-10

10-11

11-1
12 (P)

Source: PBS

Table 2.8: Area, Producction and Yielld of Wheat

Area
Year
(000 heectares)
% Change
2007-08
8550
-0.3
2008-09
9046
5.8
2009-10
9132
1.0
2010-11
8901
-2.5
2011-12(P)
8666
-2.6
Source: Pakkistan Bureau of
o Statistics
P:Provisionnal(July-March
h)

Produ
uction
(000 tons)
% Change
20959
-10.0
24033
14..7
23311
-3..0
25214
8.2
23517
-6..7

v) Other Major Crops

m
increassed
During 20011-12, the prroduction of maize
by 15.2 percent,
p
whilee rapeseed annd mustard roose
by 5.7 peercent. This is in contrasst to crops liike
gram, thee largest Rab
bi pulses croop in Pakistan,
where prroduction sto
ood at 291 thousand tons,
against 4996 thousand tons of last year,
y
showingg a

Yield
(Kgs /Hecc.)
% Chaanges
2
2451
-9.8
2
2657
8.4
2
2553
-3.9
2
2833
11.0
2
2714
-4.2

reductiion of about 41.3 percennt during 2011-12

mainlyy because of unfavorable
u
w
weather
condiitions.
The otther crops liike bajra, toobacco, jawarr and
barley also, witnesssed a declinee in productiion of
12.1 percent,
p
8.7 percent, 2.8 percent andd 1.4
percentt, respectivelly, in 2011-12 as comparred to
the corrresponding period
p
last year.
y
The area and
producction of majorr crops are givven in Table 2.9.
2

Table 2.9: Area and Pro

oduction of Otther Major Kharif
K
and Rab
bi Crops
20110-11
2011-12 (P
P)
% Change In
Crops
production
n over
Areea
Area
Production
P
Production
Last yeaar
(0
000 hectares)
(000 hecctares)
(
(000
tons)
(000 tons))
Kharif
Maize
974
37007
1083
4271
15.2
Bajra
548
3446
458
3044
-12.1
Jawar
229
1441
214
1377
-2.8
Rabi
Gram
1054
4996
1055
291
-41.3
Barley
77
7
71
75
700
-1.4
Rapeseed & Mustard
203
1776
213
1866
5.7
Tobacco
51
1003
47
944
-8.7
Source: Paakistan Bureau
u of Statistics
P: Provisioonal (July-Marcch)

22

Agriculture
b) Minor Crops
i) Oilseeds
The major oilseed crops grown in the country
include sunflower, canola, cottonseed, rapeseed
and mustard. Although the cotton crop is grown for
its lint, cottonseed contributes 50 to 60 percent of
local edible oil production. At present, total
requirement of edible oil in the country is 2.045
million tons. During the year 2010-11, the total
availability of edible oil was 3.079 million tons; of
which local production contributed 0.696 million
tons (34 percent of the requirement); while imports
of edible oil or oilseeds was 2.383 million ton. The
import bill reached Rs. 224 billion (US$ 2.611
billion) in 2010-11.

It is estimated that 10 percent of the total

availability of edible oil is consumed in industries
like cosmetics, paints and other allied products.
Around 200,000 tons of edible oil is exported,
mainly to Afghanistan. This does not include
smuggling through porous borders which is not
accounted for.
During the year 2011-12 (July-February) 1.467
million tons of edible oil worth Rs. 145 billion
(US$ 1.654 billion) was imported. Local
production during 2011-12 was 0.636 million tons.
The area and production of oilseed crops during
2010-11 and 2011-12 is shown in Table 2.10.

Table 2.10: Area and Production of Major Oilseed Crops

Crops
2010-11
Area
Production
Area
(000 Acres)
Seed
Oil
(000 Acres)
(000 Tons)
(000 Tons)
Cottonseed
6,450
2,934
352
6,958
Rapeseed/ Mustard
439
157
50
575
Sunflower
Canola
Total

1,108
223
8,230

643
131
3,865

244
50
696

877
27
8,437

2011-12 (P)
Production
Seed
Oil
(000 Tons)
(000 Tons)
3,212
385
203
61
473
30
3,918

179
11
636

Source: Pakistan Oilseed Development Board

P: Provisional (July-Feb)

ii) Other Minor Crops:

The production of mung and potato has increased
by 22.0 percent and 17.5 percent, respectively
during, 2011-12. However, the production of
chillies, onion, masoor (lentil) and mash decreased
by 78.3 percent, 15.4 percent 12.8 percent and 3.5
Table: 2.11 Area and Production of Minor Crops
2010-11
Crops
Area
Production
(000 hectares)
(000 tons)
Masoor
26.1
13.3
Mung
137.4
76.2
Mash
24.5
11.3
Potato
159.3
3491.8
Onion
147.6
1939.6
Chillies
63.6
171.7

percent, respectively. The area sown for masoor,

onion and chillies decreased by 13.8 percent, 14.9
percent and 65.7 percent, respectively. There was
an increase of area sown for mung and potatoes by
2.5 percent and 16.2 percent, respectively. The
area and production of minor crops are given in
Table 2.11.
2011-12(P)
%Change In
Area
Production
Production
(000 hectares)
(000 tons)
22.5
11.6
-12.8
140.8
93.0
22.0
24.5
10.9
-3.5
185.1
4104.4
17.5
125.6
1640.0
-15.4
21.8
37.2
-78.3

Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

P: Provisional (July-March)

23

Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12

II. Farm Inputs
i) Fertilizer:
Fertilizer is Pakistans most important and
expensive input in agricultural production. The
contribution of balanced fertilizer use towards
increased yield varies from 30 to 60 percent in
different crop production areas of the country. One
kg of fertilizer nutrient produces about 8 kg of
cereals (wheat, maize and rice), 2.5 kg of cotton
and 114 kg of stripped sugarcane. All of Pakistans
soils are deficient in nitrogen (N), 80 to 90 percent
are deficient in phosphorus (P), and 30 percent are
lacking in potassium (K). The wide spread
deficiency of micronutrients is also appearing in
different areas. Lands used for single crops are
depleting soil fertility because lands are using only
certain essential plant nutrients and are intensely
cultivated. When these soils go without being
replenished, future crops are threatened from loss
of micronutrients and other essential plant
nutrients.
The domestic production of fertilizers from JulyMarch, 2011-12 declined by 1.4 percent when
compared to the last years production. The
fertilizer industry experienced a curtailment of

natural gas (the raw material for urea) and some

urea plants produced less than their production
capacity. However, a timely import of urea
addressed the absence in supply and total
availability of fertilizer increased by 16.3 percent.
Despite the increased supply of urea, total
consumption of fertilizer reduced by 4.9 percent.
Nitrogen consumption increased by 0.3 percent
while that of phosphate decreased by 22.3 percent
and potash by 36 percent. Details of fertilizer
production are presented in Table 2.12.
The major reason for reduced fertilizer
consumption was the effect of heavy and
destructive rains in the Sindh province during the
monsoon season in 2011, which adversely affected
crop lands. Another reason for the reduction in
consumption of fertilizer was the increase in price
of all fertilizers. The prices of urea went up by 81.4
percent in July-March, 2011-12 as compared to the
same period of the last fiscal year. The prices of
DAP, CAN and NP also increased by 38.8 percent,
75.5 percent and 45.7 percent, respectively, over
the same period last year.

Table: 2.12 Production and Off-take of Fertilizers

Domestic
%
%
Year
Import
Production Change
Change
2007-08
2822
876
2008-09
2907
3.0
568
-35.1
2009-10
3082
6.0
1444
154.2
2010-11
3076
-0.2
645
-55.4
2010-11 P
2287
532
2011-12 P
2255
-1.4
1024
92.6
Source: National Fertilizer Development Centre
P : Provisional (Jul-March)

ii) Improved Seed:

Quality seed is also an essential input for
improving yield in Pakistan. Seed has a unique
position among the other various agricultural
inputs because the effectiveness of all other inputs
depend primarily on the potential of the seeds.
Seed is a high technology product and is an
innovation readily adapted for Pakistans climate.
Improving access to good quality seed is a critical
24

Total
3698
3475
4526
3721
2819
3279

%
Change
-6.0
30.2
0.6
16.3

(000 Nutrient Tons)

%
Off-take
Change
3581
3711
3.6
4360
17.5
3933
-9.8
3064
2913
-4.9

requirement for sustainable agricultural growth and

food security. Effective use of improved and
certified seed can result in higher agricultural
production, which leads to increased net incomes
of farming families. This is the desired positive
impact of improved seed for greater rural
development. Hence the availability of quality seed
of improved varieties is essential to achieve
production targets.

Agriculture
During July-March, 2011-12 about 361.0 thousand
tons of improved seed of various Kharif/Rabi
season crops were procured. The procurement of
seeds for various Kharif crops (cotton, paddy,
maize, mung bean, etc) is currently underway. The
details of this procurement are demonstrated in
Table 2.13.

acres, were
purposes.

inspected

for

certification

A total quantity of 361.0 thousand MT seeds of

various corps were sampled and tested for
purity, germination and seed health purposes.

Pre and post control trials of all pre-basic,

basic seed lots and 20 percent of certified seed
lots were carried out in the fields to determine
the quality of seed distributed by various seed
agencies.

Under the provision of the Seed Act, five cases

were filed in different courts of law against the
seed dealers found selling substandard seeds.

During 2011-12, a total of 13.7 MT of

imported seed of various crops and hybrids,
with a total value of Rs. 3287.6 million, was
tested under the Seed (Truth in Labelling)
Rules. 1991 at the port of entries i.e. Lahore
and Karachi.

Almost 718 samples of seed and propagating

material of various vegetable and fruit crops
were tested at the Central Seed Testing
Laboratory, Islamabad for detection of fungal
and viral disease using latest diagnosis
techniques and protocols.

Table 2.13: Seed Availability*

Crop
Local
Wheat
319890.0
Cotton
1649.8
Paddy
22749.6
Maize
1372.9
Pulses
1189.0
Oilseeds
23.5
Fodders
11.4
Vegetables
256.0
Potato
145.0
Total
347287.2
Source: Federal Seed Certification & Registration Department
* : July-March 2011-12

(Metric Tons)
Total
319890.0
1649.8
25406.7
5112.2
1189.0
352.2
1485.0
820.6
5108.6
361014.1

The Federal Seed Certification and Registration

Department (FSC&RD) is engaged in providing
seed certification coverage to public and private
sector seed companies of the country. It provides
seed quality control services through its 28 seed
testing laboratories as well as monitoring of seed
quality in the market. The activities and
achievements of the department during 2011-12
are described below:
`

During the year 2011-12, forty-five (45) new

seed companies were registered, making the
total number of registered seed companies in
the country 774, which includes four public
sector and five multinational companies.

Twenty-two (22) new crop varieties were

approved {(5) wheat, (11) cotton, (3) oilseeds,
(2) pulses and (1) fodder}.

During 2011-12, different crops offered by the

various seed agencies, totaling 502.6 thousand

iii) Irrigation
Universally an efficient irrigation system is a prerequisite for higher agricultural production as it

Imported
0.0
0.0
2657.1
3739.3
0.0
328.7
1473.6
564.6
4963.6
13726.9

helps in increasing crop intensity, an aim Pakistan

hopes to achieve throughout the country. Despite
the existence of a good irrigation canal network in
Pakistan, large amounts of water are wasted in the
25

Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12

irrigation process because of improper lining of
waterways. Rainfall recorded during the monsoon

and winter season is presented in Table 2.14.

Table 2.14: Rainfall* Recorded During 2011-12

Normal
Actual
Shortage (-)/excess (+)
% Shortage (-)/excess (+)
Source: Pakistan Meteorological Department
* : Area weighted

Monsoon Rainfall*
(Jul-Sep) 2011
137.5mm
236.5mm
+ 99.0mm
+72.0 %

During the monsoon season, (July-September),

the normal average rainfall 137.5 mm, while
the actual rainfall received in 2011 was 236.5
mm, indicating an increase of 99.0 percent.
During the winter, (January-March), normal
average rainfall during this period is 70.5 mm
and the actual rainfall received in 2012 was
34.2 mm,, indicating a decrease of 51.4
percent under the normal rainfall average.

The canal head withdrawals in April-September

2011 increased by 13 percent and stood at 60.4
million acre feet (MAF) as compared to 53.4 MAF
during the same period last year. During the
second planting season, October-March, 2011-12,
the canal head withdrawals declined to 29.4 MAF,
compared to 34.6 MAF during the same period last
year. The Province-wise details are given in Table
2.15.

Table 2.15: Canal Head Withdrawals (Below Rim Station)

Kharif
Kharif
% Change in
Provinces
(Apr-Sep)
(Apr -Sep)
Kharif 2011
2010
2011
over 2010
Punjab
29.00
34.29
18
Sindh
22.61
23.29
3
Balochistan
1.21
1.86
54
KPK
0.60
0.96
60
Total
53.41
60.40
13
Source: Indus River System Authority

To address the water sector issues, strategies

and future water sector policy, an integrated
water resource management approach, guiding
principles of equity, efficiency, participatory
decision
making,
sustainability
and
accountability have been adopted. The strategy
is focused on priority investments in the water
sector to achieve additional water storages and
reorganization for effective and responsive
institutional reforms. Water availability is
continuously diminishing. The challenge is to
formulate an effective implementation of a
comprehensive set of measures for the
development an efficient management of water

26

(in Millimetres)
Winter Rainfall*
(Jan-Mar) 2012
70.5mm
34.2mm
-36.3mm
-51.4%

Rabi
(Oct-Mar)
2010-11
18.73
14.51
0.88
0.48
34.59

Million Acre Feet (MAF)

Rabi
% Change in
(Oct Mar)
Rabi 2011-12
2011-12
Over 2010-11
17.61
-6
10.13
-30
1.12
27
0.56
17
29.42
-15

resources. The focus areas of investment in the

water sector are:
a. Augmentation of surface water resources by
construction of storage small/medium dams.
b. Conservation measures, or the lining of
irrigation channels, included modernizing and
rehabilitating irrigation systems, lining of
waterways and enhancing efficiency by
rehabilitating and improving the operation of
the existing system.
c. Protection of infrastructure from onslaught of
floods and water logging and Salinity.
d. Introduction of high efficiency irrigation
systems i.e. sprinkler and drip.

Agriculture
It is expected about Rs. 30.00 billion would be
utilized on the water sectors programmes under
the Ministry of Water and Power for 2011-12. The

following major water sector

demonstrated in Table 2.16.

projects

are

Table: 2.16: Major Water Sector Projects under Implementation

Projects
Location
Total
Live
Irrigated
Latest Status
App.cost
Storage
Area
(Expected up to June 2012)
(Rs. In
(MAF)
(Acres)
million)
Gomal Zam Dam
Khyber
12,829
0.892
1, 91,139
75 % Physically completed
Pakhtunkhwa
Greater Thal Canal *
Punjab
30,467
1,739,000
Phase-I, completed
(3 Phases)
Rainee Canal *
Sindh
18,862
412,400
94 % Physically completed
(3 Phases)
Phase-I
Kachhi Canal *
Balochistan
31,204
713,000
62 % Physically completed
(3 Phases)
Phase-I
Raising of
AJ&K
62,553(O)
2.90
All over
Physically completed
Mangla Dam
97,000 (B R)
Pakistan
Satpara Dam
Skardu
4,397
0.05
15,536
Physically completed
Multi- purpose
Right Bank Outfall
Drain (RBOD)
RBOD-I
Sindh
14,707
88% Physically Completed
RBOD-II
Sindh
29,014
65% Physically Completed
RBOD-III
Balochistan
6,535
75% Physically Completed
Source: Planning & Development Division, Planning Commission
* Progress of all three canals is for Phase-I, whereas app. cost is reflected for total project, Revised cost of all three
canals is un-approved, submitted for approval to P&D Division

Water Sector Programmes during (2011-12)

Rs. 1,800 million is expected to be utilized on

lining various irrigation channels in Punjab,
Sindh and Khyber Pukhtunkhwa during the
year 2011-12.

An amount of Rs. 1,600 million is expected to

be utilized during the year 2011-12 on
improvement of existing irrigating system in
Punjab, Sindh, KPK and Balochistan.

More than Rs. 2.00 billion is expected to be

utilized on construction of new small to
medium sized dams across Pakistan; (Winder,
Darwat, Nai Gaj and Naulong dam).

In Balochistan, about Rs. 3.00 billion are

expected to be spent on the construction of
new small, delay action dams and
improvement of existing irrigation system and
flood schemes.

In the drainage sector, continued fast track

implementation of the RBOD-1, II & III
projects hope to protect and reclaim 4.90
million acres of irrigated land.

These programmes are:

`

Completion of phase-I of the Greater Thal

Canal, substantial completion (60 percent) of
Kachhi Canal in Balochistan and Rainee Canal
(92 percent) in Sindh for irrigating 2.9 million
acres.

Completion of Mangla Dam Raising Project

for additional storage of 2.9 MAF and
additional power generation of 644 GWh.

Completion of Satpara Dam in Gilgit Baltistan

for irrigation of 15,536 acres of agriculture
land and 17.3 MW power generations.

Substantial completion of Gomal Zam Dam

Project in Tribal/ Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)
area for irrigation of 1, 91,139 acres of
agriculture land and generation of 17.4 MW
power

27

Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12

iv) Agricultural Credit:
The role of credit is instrumental in the agriculture
sector where Pakistani farmers often lack finances
necessary for carrying out vital farming activities.
This issue, if not addressed, can cause a multitude
of problems, ranging from the exploitation of poor
farmers at the hands of informal sources of credit,
to a slowdown in the adoption of modern farming
techniques and inputs, resulting in slow
development of this chief sector of our economy.
The Government of Pakistan and the SBP is
cognizant of the centrality of access to agriculture
credit in the growth of the agriculture sector, and
they have been making all efforts for the
promotion and development of agricultural finance
in the country at affordable prices. As a result, the
flow of credit to agriculture sector from banks is
showing improvement. A well-established network
of lending institutions operates to meet the
financial requirements of farmers in the rural areas.
Currently 26 commercial and microfinance banks,
with around 3,900 agriculture designated branches,
are facilitating farmers by extending agriculture
credit throughout the country. These include; ABL,
Habib Bank Limited (HBL), Muslim Commercial
Bank (MCB), United Bank Limited (UBL), two
specialized banks, viz, Zarai Tarqiti Bank Limited
(ZTBL), Punjab Provincial Corporative Bank
Limited (PCBL), and 14 private domestic banks.
Furthermore, five microfinance banks (MFBs) are
also providing financing to farmers. These banks
provide credit to the farming community for all
types of farming activities such as growing crops,
livestock, poultry, fisheries, orchards, forestry,
nurseries, apiculture and sericulture.

The increasing demand for credit is due to an array

of factors, such as the rising pressure from the
quickly expanding population. Credit on food
resources and high prices of agriculture inputs, and
the reasonable prices of agricultural commodities
are attracting investment into Pakistans
agriculture sector. The Agricultural Credit
Advisory Committee (ACAC) has allocated an
indicative agriculture credit disbursement target of
Rs. 285 billion for 2011-12 as compared to the
target of Rs. 270 billion; (fixed for last year and
the actual credit disbursement of Rs. 263 billion
during 2010-11). Out of the total amount of
agricultural credit disbursed, Rs. 195.1 billion was
allocated to Commercial Banks, Rs. 70.1 billion to
ZTBL, Rs. 12.2 billion went to the Microfinance
Banks, (five MFBs included since July 2011), and
Rs. 7.6 billion was allocated to the Punjab
Provincial Cooperative Bank Limited (PPCBL).
During July-March, 2011-12 five major banks, as a
group, disbursed Rs 107.7 billion or 76.3 percent
of their whole years targets. ZTBL disbursed Rs
37.9 billion or 54 percent of its targets and
Domestic Private Banks (DPBs) disbursed Rs 37.3
billion or 69 percent of their targets. MFBs
disbursed Rs 8.5 billion or 69.9 percent of their
target and the PPCBL disbursed Rs 6.0 billion or
79.1 percent of its allocated target.
During the period July-March, 2011-12, bank
disbursement to the agriculture sector surged by 17
percent on a year-to-year basis to Rs 197.4 billion,
or 69.2 percent of the target, of Rs. 285 billion.
This goes in contrast to the disbursement of Rs
168.7 billion during corresponding period last year.
The details are presented in Table 2.17.

Table 2.17: Supply of Agricultural Credit by Institutions

Year

ZTBL

2006-07
56. 5
2007-08
66.9
2008-09
75.1
2009-10
79.0
2010-11
65.4
2010-11 P
37.4
2011-12 P
37.8
Source: State Bank of Pakistan.
P: Provisional (July Mar)

28

Commercial
Banks
80.4
94.7
110.7
119.6
140.3
93.3
107.6

PPCBL
8.0
5.9
5.6
5.7
7.2
4.4
6.0

Domestic
Private
Banks
24.0
43.9
41.6
43.8
50.2
33.7
37.3

(Rs. in Billion)
Total
MFBs

Rs. Billion
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.5

168.8
211.6
233.0
248.1
263.0
168.7
197.4

%Change
22.8
25.3
10.1
6.5
6.0
17.0

Agriculture
Box-1
Credit Disbursement to Farm and Non-Farm Sector
The sector-wise classification reveals that the share of the non-farm sector showed healthy growth and its share in
overall agriculture credit disbursement rose to 36.3 percent in March, 2012. During the period under review Rs
125.64 billion was disbursed to the farm sector while credit disbursement to non-farm sector stood at Rs 71.73
billion. Last year, an amount of Rs 110.46 billion or 65.5 percent was extended to farm sector and Rs 58.23 billion
or 34.5 percent was disbursed to non-farm sector.
Sector
A
Farm Credit
1
Subsistence Holding
i
Production
ii
Development
2
Economic Holding
i
Production
ii
Development
3
Above Economic Holding
i
Production
ii
Development
B
Non-Farm Credit
1
Small Farms
2
Large Farms
Total (A+B)
Source: SBP

III. Forestry
During the year 2011-12, forests have contributed
92 thousand cubic meters of timber and 262
thousand cubic meters of firewood as compared to
91 thousand cubic meters timber and 261 thousand
cubic meters firewood in 2010-11.
IV. Livestock and Poultry
A. Livestock
The livestock sector occupies a unique position in
the National Agenda of economic development of
the present government. The sector provides a net
source of foreign earnings. Historically livestock
has been the subsistence sector dominated by small
holders to meet their needs of milk, food security
and daily cash income. Therefore, livestock is
considered a more secure source of income for the
small farmers and landless poor; and, is a source of

2011-12
July-March 2011
125.64
70.83
68.60
2.23
33.82
33.04
0.78
20.98
19.07
1.91
71.73
19.02
52.71
197.36

2010-11
July-March 2010
110.46
65.97
63.97
2.82
28.68
27.94
0.74
15.81
15.09
0.72
58.23
12.67
45.56
168.69

employment generation at the rural level. It also

helps to reduce income variability, especially in
cases of crop failure due to a variety of causes.
Livestock is central to the livelihood of the rural
poor in the country and can play an important role
in poverty alleviation. It can uplift the
socioeconomic condition of Pakistans rural
masses. The livestock population for the last three
years is given in Table 2.18.
Livestock contributed approximately 55.1 percent
to the agricultural value added and 11.6 percent to
national GDP during 2010-12, against 54.6 percent
and 11.6 percent during the same period last year.
Gross value added of the livestock sector at
constant factor cost has increased from Rs. 672
billion (2010-11) to Rs. 700 billion (2011-12);
showing an increase of 4.0 percent as compared to
previous year.

29

Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12

Table 2.18: Livestock Population
Species
2009-101
2010-111
Cattle
34.3
35.6
Buffalo
30.8
31.7
Sheep
27.8
28.1
Goat
59.9
61.5
Camels
1.0
1.0
Horses
0.4
0.4
Asses
4.6
4.7
Mules
0.2
0.2
Source: Ministry of National Food Security & Research
1
: Estimated Figure based on inter census growth rate of Livestock Census 1996 & 2006

(Million Nos.)
2011-121
36.9
32.7
28.4
63.1
1.0
0.4
4.8
0.2

The major products of livestock are milk and meat. The production of these products for the last three
years is given in Table 2.19.
Table 2.19: Milk and Meat Production
Species
Units
2009-101
2010-111
2011-121
000 Tons
44,978
46,440
47,951
Milk (Gross Production)
Cow
"
15,546
16,133
16,741
Buffalo
"
27,848
28,694
29,565
Sheep2
"
36
36
37
Goat
"
739
759
779
Camel2
"
808
818
829
000 Tons
36,299
37,475
38,690
Milk (Human Consumption)3
Cow
"
12,437
12,906
13,393
Buffalo
"
22,279
22,955
23,652
Sheep
"
36
36
37
Goat
"
739
759
779
Camel
"
808
818
829
000 Tons
2,965
3,095
3,232
Meat4
Beef
"
1,655
1,711
1,769
Mutton
"
603
616
629
Poultry meat
"
707
767
834
Source: Ministry of National Food Security & Research
1: The figures for milk and meat production for the indicated years are calculated by applying milk production
parameters to the projected population of respective years based on the inter census growth rate of livestock census
1996 & 2006
2 : The figures for the Milk production for the indicated years are calculated after adding the production of milk
from camel and sheep to the figures reported in the livestock census 2006.
3 : Milk for human consumption is derived by subtracting 20% (15% wastage in transportation and 5% in calving)
of the gross milk production of cows and Buffalo.
4 : The figures for meat production are of red meat and do not include the edible offals.

The production of other livestock products over the last three years is demonstrated in Table 2.20.
Table:2.20 Estimated Livestock Products Production
Species
Units
Eggs
Million Nos
Hides
000 No's
Cattle
"
Buffalo
"

30

2009-101
11,839
13,040
6,496
6,445

2010-111
12,457
13,481
6,741
6,640

2011-121
13,144
13,938
6,995
6,842

Agriculture
Table:2.20 Estimated Livestock Products Production
Species
Units
2009-101
2010-111
2011-121
Camels
"
99
100
101
Skins
000 No's
47,402
48,478
49,582
Sheep Skin
"
10,495
10,620
10,745
Goat Skin
"
23,061
23,685
24,237
Fancy Skin
"
13,846
14,173
14,509
Lamb skin
"
3,117
3,154
3,192
Kid skin
"
10,728
11,019
11,318
Wool
000 Tons
42.0
42.5
43.0
Hair
"
22.6
23.2
23.8
Edible Offals
"
334
344
353
Blood
"
56.8
58.3
59.8
Guts
000 No's
47,886
48,974
50,089
Casings
"
13,879
14,347
14,832
Horns & Hooves
000 Tons
48.1
49.5
50.9
Bones
"
713.4
735.1
757.5
Fats
"
228.1
234.8
241.7
Dung
"
1,008
1,039
1,071
Urine
"
311
320
329
Head & Trotters
"
208.2
214.0
220.1
Ducks, Drakes & Ducklings
Million Nos
0.6
0.6
0.5
Source: Ministry of National Food Security & Research
1 ; The figures for livestock product for the indicated years were calculated by applying production parameters to
the projected population of respective years

Consequent of 18th Constitutional Amendment, the

subjects of animal health and production have been
delegated to the provinces. The Ministry of
National Food Security and Research created a
Livestock Wing, delegating the following roles:
1. Co-ordination of foreign aid and technical
assistance in the livestock sector and related
fields.
2. Animal Quarantine Departments/ stations/
facilities located anywhere in Pakistan.
3. Veterinary drugs, vaccines and animal feed
additives.
a. Import and export.
b. Procurement from abroad for federal
requirement and for interprovincial
supplies.
4. Livestock, poultry and livestock products;
a. Import and export.
b. Laying down national grades.
The population growth, increase in per capita
income and the potential for export is fueling the

demand of livestock and livestock products. The

rise in production cost has increased the retailers
and consumers price index for milk, yogurt, meat,
eggs, and other items. The overall livestock
development strategy resolves to foster private
sector-led development, with the public sector
providing an enabling environment through policy
interventions and playing a capacity building role
for improved livestock husbandry practices. The
emphasis will be on improving per unit animal
productivity and moving from subsistence to
market oriented and then to commercial livestock
farming in the country to meet the domestic
demand and surplus for export.
The Livestock Wing with its redefined mandate
continued regulatory measures that included
allowing import of high yielding animals, semen
and embryos for crossbreeding. It also included
duty free import of veterinary dairy and livestock
machinery/equipment, allowing import of feed
inputs, and vaccines at zero rates. In order to
reduce input costs in livestock/poultry feed
production, certain feed ingredients, growth
promoters and vitamin premixes have been zero
rated. Sales tax exemption has been allowed to
31

Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12

uncooked poultry meat; processed milk, yogurt,
cheese and flavoured milk, butter and cream in
order to encourage establishment of a value added
industry in the country. More than 9500 exotic
animals, 318,768 semen doses and 4300 embryos
of high yielding animals have been imported in the
country from July 2010 to December 2012. New
slaughterhouses, milk processing and meat
processing units have been established in the
private sector. The export of the meat (beef,
mutton and camel meat) has increased from US
$108.54 million (2010-11) to US $123.61 million
in 2011-12, showing an increase of 13.9 percent.
The future plan for the livestock sector is to
persuade the policies to achieve 5 percent or more
growth in meat and 8 percent or more in milk
production through shifting from subsistence
livestock farming to market-oriented and
commercial farming. The focus will be to
encourage and promote high yielding animals
production and their crossbreeding through
Artificial insemination services. The future road

map has clear mile stones in the shape of entering

into global Halal Food Trade Market, controlling
trans-boundary animal diseases of trade and
economic importance, as well as a socio-economic
uplifting mechanism of poor, small-scale livestock
farmers.
Poultry
The poultry sector is one of the most organized and
vibrant segments of the agriculture industry of
Pakistan. This sector generates direct and indirect
employment and income for about 1.5 million
people. Its contribution in agriculture and livestock
is 6.4 percent and 11.5 percent, respectively.
Poultry meat contributes 25.8 percent of the total
meat production in the country. The current
investment in the poultry industry is about Rs
200.00 billion. The poultry sector has shown a
robust growth of 8 to 10 percent annually, which
reflects its inherent potential. The production of
commercial and rural poultry and poultry products
for the last three years is given in Table 2.21.

Table 2.21: Domestic/Rural & Commercial Poultry

Type
Units
2009-101
2010-111
2011-121
Domestic Poultry
Million Nos
77.35
78.51
79.68
Cocks
"
9.58
9.84
10.10
Hens
"
36.76
37.42
38.09
Chicken
"
31.02
31.25
31.48
Eggs2
"
3676.00
3742.00
3809.00
Meat
000 Tons
102.40
104.43
106.51
Duck, Drake & Duckling
Million No's
0.59
0.56
0.54
Eggs2
"
26.28
25.18
24.13
Meat
000 Tons
0.80
0.77
0.73
Commercial Poultry
Layers
Million No's
30.41
32.54
44.10
Broilers
"
493.40
542.74
34.82
Breeding Stock
"
8.39
8.81
597.02
Day Old Chicks
"
515.36
566.89
9.25
Eggs2
Million Nos
8137.00
8690.00
623.58
Meat
000 Tons
603.47
662.18
9281.00
Total Poultry
Day Old Chicks
Million Nos
546.00
598.00
655.00
Poultry Birds
"
610.00
663.00
721.00
Eggs
"
11839.00
12857.00
13114.00
Poultry Meat
000 Tons
707.00
767.00
834.00
Source: Ministry of National Food Security & Research
1 ; The figures for the indicated year are statistically calculated using the figures of 2005-06.
2 : The figures for Eggs (Farming) and Eggs (Desi) are calculated using the poultry parameters for egg production.

32

Agriculture
Poultry Development policy envisions sustainable
supply of wholesome poultry meat, eggs and other
value added products to the local and international
markets at competitive prices. It is aimed at
facilitating and supporting private sector-led
development for sustainable poultry production.
The strategy revolves around improving the
regulatory framework; disease control and genetic
improvement in rural poultry; high tech poultry
production under environmentally controlled
housing; processing and value addition; improving
bio-security; need based research and development
and farmers training and education. It envisages
poultry sectors growth of 15-20 percent annually.
MEGA DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
The Ministry of Livestock and Dairy
Development, before devolution concluded the
following (7) projects in the Livestock sector at an
estimated cost of Rs. 8.8 billion. The achievements
of these projects are summarized below:
Strengthening of Livestock Services Project
(SLSP)
`

Field studies on (5) models of service delivery

were conducted (CAHEW, WLEW, DFCM,
Wool Producers Association, PRSM);

Introduced PPR vaccine production in the

country;

Distribution of 2200 Motor-Cycles to field

staff of provincial livestock departments on
hire purchase basis to strengthen and improve
the veterinary health coverage; and

Established the National Epidemiology

Network for Livestock Disease Surveillance
and Reporting.

Formed 207 Milk Producer Groups (MPG) in

all the four provinces, Azad Jammu &
Kashmir and Gilgit Baltistan

Installed 150 milk cooling tanks

Provided 63.3 tons of fodder seeds and 663

tons of animal ration/feed on cost basis to the
members of MPGs

Registered 1,004 Red Sindhi, Sahiwal and

NiliRavi livestock breeders for production of
quality breeding animals.

Prime Ministers Special Initiative for Livestock

(PMSIL)
`

A total of 290 veterinary clinics have been

established providing veterinary services at 70
percent reduced cost to rural farmers at their
door steps i.e. 100 percent achievement

Quality medicines/vaccines are available to

rural farmer at 30 percent reduced cost as
compared to market prices

A total of 3,150 community organizations

(COs) have been formed and 3000 rural
community persons have been trained by
imparting one month training in basic
veterinary services through the government
livestock institutes

` A total of 4,265 rural livestock female farmers

have been trained in better animal husbandry
practices to enhance their income through
enhanced milk productivity
National Programme for the Control and
prevention of Avian Influenza
`

Established 40 surveillance and

response units (RRUs)

Processed 0.4 million samples of blood, tissues

and swabs for screening against Avian
Influenza

Completed more than 13,000 feed-lot fattening

operations (beef and mutton) in which more
than 163,000 beef animals and 200,000 mutton
animals have been produced.

Establishment of the Bio security Laboratory-3

is under process

Disbursed Rs. 23.5 million as compensation to

Avian Influenza affected farmers

Milk Collection Processing and Dairy

Production and Development Programme

Pakistan is maintaining Avian Influenza (bird

flu) free status since June 2008

Livestock Production and Development for

Meat Production
`

66 rapid

33

Pakistan Economic Survey 2011-12

Improving Reproductive Efficiency of Cattle
and Buffaloes in smallholder production
systems
`

Civil work of Embryo Transfer Technology

Centre at Okara has been completed

For strengthening and improvement of

Provincial Semen Production Units (SPU) 6
Semen Quality Analyzer (SQA-VB with Test
Kit) were given to SPUs in Korangi, Quetta,
Khairimurat, Qadirabad, Harichand, and
Karaniwala

Embryo Transfer Technology Centre has

produced 502,996 semen doses and 2,031
embryos from elite exotic animals for cross
breeding purposes and carried out 178,318
artificial inseminations, embryo transfer has
been carried out in 168 animals

Provided training to artificial insemination

technicians

Up gradation and Establishment of Animal

Quarantine Stations in Pakistan
`

A total of (5) Animal Quarantine Stations

(AQS) have been up-graded in order to
facilitate import/export of livestock and its
products

A total of 2 new AQS are being established at

Khunjrab and Khokhrapar.

V. Fisheries
i)

Fishery plays an important role in Pakistans

economy and is considered to be a source of
livelihood for coastal inhabitants. Apart from
marine fisheries, inland fisheries (based in
rivers, lakes, ponds, dams) are also a very
important activity throughout the country.
Fisheries share in GDP is 0.3 percent.
Although the contribution is very small it adds
substantially to the national income via export
earnings. A total of 84,498 million tons of fish
and fish preparation were exported during the
July-March, 2011-12. Pakistans major buyers
are China, Thailand, Malaysia, Middle East,
Sri Lanka and Japan. Pakistan earned US
$222.8 million from these exports.

ii) During July-March, 2011-12 the total marine

and inland fish production was estimated at
951,324 million tons, out of which 681,700
34

million tons was from marine production and

the remaining came from inland waters. In
July-March, 2010-11 the production was
estimated to be 937,082 million tons, where
672,652 m. tons was marine and the remaining
was produced by inland fishery sector.
iii) The government is taking a number of steps to
improve the fisheries sector. A number of
initiatives have been taken by the federal and
provincial fisheries departments which also
include strengthening of extension services,
introduction of new fishing methodologies,
development of value added products,
enhancement of per capita consumption of
fish, and the upgrading of socio-economic
conditions of the fishermens community.
iv) Modernized Fishing Fleets: A project for the
improvement of fish holds of local fishing
boats was approved and four local fishing
boats have been modified by the federal
government (Marine Fisheries Department) as
demonstration boats at a total cost of Rs. 5.0
million with the aim of assisting boat owners
to modify their boats on similar lines. As a
result of introducing modular boats by the
MFD, boat owners have started modifying boat
using their own expenses. So far, 502 boats
have been modified. This shows success in the
fishermen community because they have
accepted and are using the technology of lining
of fish holds with fiberglass coatings.
(v) Resumption of Export to the EU Countries
The European Union (EU) has expressed
satisfaction with most of the steps taken by the
government of Pakistan. However, with regard
to the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point
(HACCP) of processing plants, the EU has
now asked for an inspection report. MFD, in
consultation with a UNIDO consultant,
submitted this report on December 31, 2011.
Based on this report it is hoped that fisheries
exports will be resumed.
The export of fish and fishery products to the
European Union was suspended in April 2007.
The Government has made adequate and
effective efforts to resume of export to the EU.

Agriculture
In this connection, two laboratories of the
Marine Fisheries Department achieved
accreditation
under
ISO/IEC-17025
international standards and now the test report
of these laboratories are recognized all over the
world. Thus, the requirement of EU and SPS
has been fulfilled. As mentioned above, during
the tenure of the present government, more
than 500 fishing boats have been upgraded; the
government of Sindh contributed 75 percent,
while 25 percent contribution was made by the
owner to upgrade present standards.
Landing sites and auction halls at Karachi Fish
Harbour have also been upgraded; processing
plants have rectified the deficiencies. The
knowledge and skills of MFD inspectors under
official watch have been enhanced. Training
has also been provided to the fishermen on
hygienic preservation and handling of a catch
once it is onboard the fishing vessels.
v) Conservation and management of marine
resources
MFD in collaboration with fisheries
department of the government of Sindh,
Fishermans Cooperative Society Ltd, Karachi
Fisheries Harbour Authority and other
stakeholders undertook research/experimental

surveys to test different sizes of the cod-end of

trawl-net being used by local fishermen. The
optimal mesh size, on the basis of results of the
surveys, will be selected and notified for
implementation by the fishermen to ensure
juveniles and/or undersized fish cannot escape
from the trawl-net.
Conclusions
The agriculture sector continues to play a crucial
role in Pakistans economy. Currently it
contributes 21 percent to GDP, and provides
employment to 45 percent of the countrys labour
force, while 60 percent of the rural population
derives its livelihoods from this sector. Despite the
floods of 2011, the sector recorded a growth of 3.1
percent in 2011-12. The profitability of agriculture
sector during 2011-12, remained high because the
farmers received good prices for rice, cotton and
sugarcane, which allowed for greater financial
resources passed on to the rural economy.
Recognizing the vital role the sector plays in
ensuring food security, generating overall
economic growth, reducing poverty and the
transforming towards industrialization, the present
government is determined to support the sector by
promulgating policy that will continue to make
agriculture an efficient, productive and profitable
sector of the economy.

35

TABLE 2.1 (A)

INDEX OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
Fiscal
All major
Year
crops
1991-92
143.7
1992-93
141.0
1993-94
155.0
1994-95
165.4
1995-96
163.3
1996-97
155.3
1997-98
186.2
1998-99
189.8
1999-00
178.4
2000-01
165.9
2001-02
172.1
2002-03
185.4
2003-04
190.7
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12 P
P : Provisional (Jul-Mar)

1980-81 Base
Food
Fibre
crops
crops
122.5
305.9
124.0
216.0
123.6
191.8
133.1
207.5
137.0
252.8
136.5
223.6
150.2
219.1
147.6
209.7
167.7
268.2
152.8
256.0
142.9
253.2
153.9
243.6
159.6
239.7
-

Other
crops
120.5
118.0
137.5
146.0
140.1
130.3
164.5
170.9
143.7
135.1
148.7
160.9
165.1
-

All major
crops
100
93
97
104
107
104
101
117
126
114
111
119
123

1999-2000 Base
Food
Fibre
Other
crops
crops
crops
100
100
100
91
95
94
85
94
104
92
91
112
95
89
115
106
127
102
107
116
96
115
114
118
108
104
138
124
105
108
119
115
106
120
102
119
120
121
125
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

TABLE 2.1 (B)

BASIC DATA ON AGRICULTURE
Cropped
Area
Fiscal
(million
Year
hectares)
1990-91
21.82
1991-92
21.72
1992-93
22.44
1993-94
21.87
1994-95
22.14
1995-96
22.59
1996-97
22.73
1997-98
23.04
1998-99
22.86
1999-00
22.74
2000-01
22.04
2001-02
22.12
2002-03
21.85
2003-04
22.94
2004-05
22.78
2005-06
23.13
2006-07
23.55
2007-08
23.87
2008-09
24.01
2009-10
23.76
2010-11
22.75
2011-12 P
22.75
P : Provisional (Jul-Mar)
* : At farm gate

Improved
seed distribution
(000 Tonnes)
83.27
65.93
63.93
63.27
76.87
145.10
137.67
130.50
167.38
194.30
193.80
191.57
172.02
178.77
218.12
226.07
218.60
264.67
314.63
312.63
331.02
331.02

Water*
Availability
(MAF)
119.62
122.05
125.12
128.01
129.65
130.85
132.05
122.15
133.78
133.28
134.77
134.63
134.48
134.78
135.68
137.98
137.80
137.80
131.51
133.70
137.16
135.86

Fertilizer
off-take
(000 N/T)
1892.90
1884.00
2147.61
2146.80
2183.10
2515.05
2413.01
2646.00
2583.00
2832.00
2964.00
2929.00
3020.00
3222.00
3694.04
3804.00
3672.00
3582.00
3710.00
4360.00
3933.00
2913.00

Credit
disbursed
(Rs million)
14,915
14,479
16,198
15,674
22,373
19,187
19,548
33,392
42,852
39,688
44,790
52,314
58,915
73,446
108,733
137,474
168,830
211,561
233,010
248,120
263,022
197,361
(Contd.)

TABLE 2.1 (B)

BASIC DATA ON AGRICULTURE
Number of
Fiscal
Tube wells
Year
Public & Private
1990-91
339,840
1991-92
355,840
1992-93
374,099
1993-94
444,179
1994-95
463,463
1995-96
485,050
1996-97
506,824
1997-98
531,259
1998-99
563,226
1999-00
609,775
2000-01
659,278
2001-02
707,273
2002-03
768,962
2003-04
950,144
2004-05
984,294
2005-06
999,569
2006-07
1,025,836
2007-08
1,016,125
2008-09
1,069,991
2009-10
1,070,375
2010-11
1,075,073
2011-12 P
1,075,073
P : Provisional (July-March)
* : Revised

Production of
Tractors
(Nos)
13,841
10,077
16,628
15,129
17,063
16,218
10,121
14,242
26,885
35,038
32,553
24,311
27,101
36,059
44,095
49,439
54,610
53,607
60,107
71,730
70,855
26,858

Production
of meat
(000 Tonnes)
1,581
1,685
1,872
2,000
2,114
1,841
1,908
1,841
1,906
1,957
2,015
2,072
2,132
2,188
2,271
2,515
2,618
2,728
2,843
2,965
3,094
3,232

Milk
(000 Tonnes)
15,481
16,280
17,120
18,006
18,966
22,970
23,580
24,215
24,876
25,566
26,284
27,031
27,811
28,624
29,438
31,970
32,986
34,064
35,160
36,299
37,475
38,690

Fish
Total
Production
Forest Production
(000 Tonnes)
(000 cu.mtr.)
483.0
1,072
553.1
491
621.7
691
558.1
703
541.9
684
555.5
720
589.7
343
597.0
386
654.5
436
614.8
364
629.6
472 *
637.8
487 *
566.2
266 *
573.5
313 *
580.6
282 *
604.9
265 *
640.0
373 *
885.0
363
914.1
347
925.9
356
937.1
352
951.3
354
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

TABLE 2.2
LAND UTILIZATION

Fiscal
Year

Not AvailTotal Reported Forest able for Culturable

Area
Area
Area Cultivation Waste

(Million Hectares)
Cultivated Area
Total
Current
Net Area Total Area
Area Sown
Cropped
Fallow
Sown Cultivated
more than
Area
(7+8)
once
(8+10)
7
8
9
10
11
4.85
16.11
20.96
5.71
21.82
4.87
16.19
21.06
5.53
21.72
4.95
16.45
21.40
5.99
22.44
5.29
16.22
21.51
5.65
21.87
5.42
16.13
21.55
6.01
22.14
5.19
16.49
21.68
6.10
22.59
5.48
16.50
21.98
6.23
22.73
5.48
16.48
21.96
6.56
23.04
5.35
16.58
21.93
6.28
22.86
5.67
16.29
21.96
6.45
22.74
6.73
15.40
22.13
6.64
22.04
6.60
15.67
22.27
6.45
22.12
6.61
15.60
22.21
6.25
21.85
6.23
15.89
22.12
7.05
22.94
6.86
15.27
22.13
7.51
22.78
6.72
15.39
22.65
7.74
23.13
5.72
16.16
21.88
7.39
23.55
4.93
16.35
21.28
7.52
23.87
5.04
16.24
21.28
7.77
24.01
5.35
15.90
21.25
7.86
23.76
6.38
15.72
22.10
7.03
22.75
6.38
15.72
22.10
7.03
22.75
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

1
2
3
4
5
6
1990-91
79.61
57.61
3.46
24.34
8.85
1991-92
79.61
57.87
3.47
24.48
8.86
1992-93
79.61
58.06
3.48
24.35
8.83
1993-94
79.61
58.13
3.45
24.43
8.74
1994-95
79.61
58.50
3.60
24.44
8.91
1995-96
79.61
58.51
3.61
24.35
8.87
1996-97
79.61
59.23
3.58
24.61
9.06
1997-98
79.61
59.32
3.60
24.61
9.15
1998-99
79.61
59.28
3.60
24.52
9.23
1999-00
79.61
59.28
3.78
24.45
9.09
2000-01
79.61
59.44
3.77
24.37
9.17
2001-02
79.61
59.33
3.80
24.31
8.95
2002-03
79.61
59.45
4.04
24.25
8.95
2003-04
79.61
59.46
4.01
24.23
9.10
2004-05
79.61
59.48
4.02
24.39
8.94
2005-06
79.61
57.22
4.03
22.87
8.21
2006-07
79.61
57.05
4.21
22.66
8.30
2007-08
79.61
57.08
4.21
23.41
8.18
2008-09
79.61
57.13
4.24
23.47
8.14
2009-10
79.61
57.15
4.19
23.57
8.14
2010-11
79.61
57.76
4.26
23.40
8.00
2011-12 P
79.61
57.76
4.26
23.40
8.00
P : Provisional
Note:
1. TOTAL AREA REPORTED is the total physical area of the villages/deh, tehsils or districts etc.
2. FOREST AREA is the area of any land administered as forest under any legal enactment dealing with forests. Any
cultivated area which may exist within such forest is shown under heading "cultivated area".
3. AREA NOT AVAILABLE FOR CULTIVATION is that uncultivated area of the farm which is under farm home steads,
farm roads and other connected purposes and not available for cultivation.
4. CULTURABLE WASTE is that uncultivated farm area which is fit for cultivation but was not cropped during the year
under reference nor in the year before that.
5. CURRENT FALLOW (ploughed but uncropped) is that area which is vacant during the year under reference but was
sown at least once during the previous year
6. CULTIVATED AREA is that area which was sown at least during the year under reference or during the previous year.
7. Cultivated Area = Net Area sown + Current Fallow.
8. NET AREA SOWN is that area which is sown at least once during (Kharif & Rabi) the year under reference.
9. AREA SOWN MORE THAN ONCE is the difference between the total cropped area and the net area sown.
10. TOTAL CROPPED AREA means the aggregate area of crops raised in a farm during the year under reference
including the area under fruit trees.

TABLE 2.3
AREA UNDER IMPORTANT CROPS

Fiscal
Rice
Year
Wheat
1990-91
7,911
2,113
1991-92
7,878
2,097
1992-93
8,300
1,973
1993-94
8,034
2,187
1994-95
8,170
2,125
1995-96
8,376
2,162
1996-97
8,109
2,251
1997-98
8,355
2,317
1998-99
8,230
2,424
1999-00
8,463
2,515
2000-01
8,181
2,377
2001-02
8,058
2,114
2002-03
8,034
2,225
2003-04
8,216
2,461
2004-05
8,358
2,520
2005-06
8,448
2,621
2006-07
8,578
2,581
2007-08
8,550
2,515
2008-09
9,046
2,963
2009-10
9,132
2,883
2010-11
8,901
2,365
2011-12 P 8,666
2,571
P : Provisional (Jul-Mar)
Note : 1 ha = 2.47 acres

Bajra
491
313
487
303
509
407
303
460
463
313
390
417
349
539
343
441
504
531
470
476
548
458

Jowar
417
383
403
365
438
418
370
390
383
357
354
358
338
392
308
254
292
281
263
248
229
214

Maize
845
848
868
879
890
939
928
933
962
962
944
942
935
947
982
1,042
1,017
1,052
1,052
935
974
1,083

Barley
157
149
160
151
165
171
152
163
137
124
113
111
108
102
93
90
94
91
86
84
77
75

Total
Food
Grains
11,934
11,667
12,191
11,919
12,297
12,473
12,113
12,618
12,599
12,734
12,359
12,000
11,989
12,657
12,603
12,896
13,066
13,020
13,880
13,758
13,094
13,067

Gram
1,092
997
1,008
1,045
1,065
1,119
1,100
1,102
1,077
972
905
934
963
982
1,094
1,029
1,052
1,107
1,081
1,067
1,054
1,055

Sugarcane
884
896
885
963
1,009
963
965
1,056
1,155
1,010
961
1,000
1,100
1,074
966
907
1,029
1,241
1,029
943
988
1,046

(000 Hectares)
Rapeseed
and
SesaMustard mum Cotton Tobacco
304
53
2,662
44
287
70
2,836
54
285
82
2,836
58
269
73
2,805
57
301
80
2,653
47
320
90
2,997
46
354
100
3,149
49
340
96
2,960
53
327
71
2,923
57
321
72
2,983
56
273
101
2,927
46
269
136
3,116
49
256
88
2,794
47
259
60
2,989
46
243
66
3,193
50
217
82
3,103
56
256
71
3,075
51
224
76
3,054
51
233
91
2,820
50
178
80
3,106
56
203
78
2,689
51
213
76
2,835
47
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

TABLE 2.4
PRODUCTION OF IMPORTANT CROPS

Fiscal
Year
Wheat Rice
1990-91 14,565 3,261
1991-92 15,684 3,243
1992-93 16,157 3,116
1993-94 15,213 3,995
1994-95 17,002 3,447
1995-96 16,907 3,966
1996-97 16,651 4,305
1997-98 18,694 4,333
1998-99 17,858 4,674
1999-00 21,079 5,156
2000-01 19,024 4,803
2001-02 18,226 3,882
2002-03 19,183 4,478
2003-04 19,500 4,848
2004-05 21,612 5,025
2005-06 21,277 5,547
2006-07 23,295 5,438
2007-08 20,959 5,563
2008-09 24,033 6,952
2009-10 23,311 6,883
2010-11 25,214 4,823
2011-12 P 23,517 6,160
P : Provisional (Jul-Mar)

(000 Tonnes)
Total
Rapeseed
Food
Sugarand
SesaCotton
TobBajra Jowar Maize Barley Grains Gram cane Mustard mum (000 tonnes) (000 Bales) acco
196 239 1,185 142 19,588 531 35,989
228
21.4
1,637
9,628
75
139 225 1,203 140 20,634 513 38,865
220
28.7
2,181
12,822
97
203 238 1,184 158 21,056 347 38,059
207
34.0
1,540
9,054
102
138 212 1,213 146 20,917 411 44,427
197
32.3
1,368
8,041
100
228 263 1,318 164 22,422 559 47,168
229
36.2
1,479
8,697
81
162 255 1,504 174 22,968 680 45,230
255
39.5
1,802
10,595
80
146 219 1,491 150 22,962 594 41,998
286
44.9
1,594
9,374
92
211 231 1,517 174 25,160 767 53,104
292
42.5
1,562
9,184
99
213 228 1,665 137 24,773 698 55,191
279
32.1
1,495
8,790
109
156 220 1,652 118 28,380 565 46,333
297
35.4
1,912
11,240
108
199 218 1,643
99
25,987 397 43,606
230
50.7
1,826
10,732
85
216 222 1,664 100 24,311 362 48,042
221
69.6
1,805
10,613
94
189 203 1,737 100 25,889 675 52,056
215
19.3
1,737
10,211
88
274 238 1,897
98
26,855 611 53,419
221
25.0
1,709
10,048
86
193 186 2,797
92
29,905 868 47,244
203
30.0
2,426
14,265
101
221 153 3,110
88
30,396 480 44,666
172
35.0
2,215
13,019
113
238 180 3,088
93
32,337 838 54,742
212
30.0
2,187
12,856
103
305 170 3,605
87
31,198 475 63,920
176
32.8
1,982
11,655
108
296 165 3,593
82
35,121 741 50,045
188
41.0
2,010
11,819
105
293 154 3,261
71
33,973 562 49,373
151
33.4
2,196
12,914
119
346 141 3,707
71
34,302 496 55,309
176
31.0
1,949
11,460
103
304 137 4,271
70
34,459 291 58,038
186
30.2
2,312
13,595
94
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

TABLE 2.5
YIELD PER HECTARE OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS
(Kg/Hectare)
Fiscal Year

Wheat

Rice

Sugarcane

Maize

1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12 P
P : Provisional

1,841
1,990
1,946
1,893
2,081
2,018
2,053
2,238
2,170
2,491
2,325
2,262
2,388
2,375
2,568
2,519
2,716
2,451
2,657
2,553
2,833
2,714

1,543
1,546
1,579
1,826
1,622
1,835
1,912
1,870
1,928
2,050
2,021
1,836
2,013
1,970
1,995
2,116
2,107
2,212
2,346
2,387
2,039
2,396

40,720
43,371
43,024
46,144
46,747
46,968
43,521
50,288
47,784
45,874
45,376
48,042
47,324
49,738
48,906
49,246
53,199
51,507
48,634
52,357
55,981
55,486

1,401
1,419
1,364
1,380
1,481
1,602
1,607
1,626
1,731
1,717
1,741
1,766
1,858
2,003
2,848
2,985
3,036
3,427
3,415
3,487
3,806
3,944

Gram

Cotton

486
615
514
769
344
543
393
488
524
557
607
601
540
506
696
528
648
511
581
641
439
624
388
579
701
622
622
572
793
760
467
714
797
711
429
649
685
713
527
707
471
724
276
815
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

TABLE 2.6
PRODUCTION AND EXPORT OF FRUIT
Fiscal
Citrus
Mango
Year
1990-91
1,609
776
1991-92
1,630
787
1992-93
1,665
794
1993-94
1,849
839
1994-95
1,933
884
1995-96
1,960
908
1996-97
2,003
915
1997-98
2,037
917
1998-99
1,862
916
1999-00
1,943
938
2000-01
1,898
990
2001-02
1,830
1,037
2002-03
1,702
1,035
2003-04
1,760
1,056
2004-05
1,944
1,671
2005-06
2,458
1,754
2006-07
1,472
1,719
2007-08
2,294
1,754
2008-09
2,132
1,728
2009-10
2,150
1,846
2010-11
1,982
1,888
2011-12 P
1,832
1,699
P : Provisional (Jul-Mar)

Production of Important Fruit (000 tonnes)

Apple
Banana
Apricot Almonds Grapes
243
295
339
442
533
554
569
573
589
377
439
367
315
334
352
351
348
442
441
366
526
827

202
44
52
53
80
82
83
94
95
125
139
150
143
175
148
164
151
158
157
155
139
99

81
109
122
153
178
191
188
189
191
121
126
125
130
211
205
197
177
240
238
194
190
187

32
38
40
45
49
49
49
49
50
32
33
26
24
24
23
23
23
27
26
22
21
21

33
36
38
40
43
72
74
74
76
40
51
53
52
51
49
49
47
75
76
65
64
64

Export
(000
Value
tonnes)
(Mln. Rs)
355
112
935
373
125
966
384
121
1,179
402
127
1,324
420
139
1,256
442
135
1,487
448
219
2,776
455
202
2,793
468
181
2,773
494
240
4,130
526
260
4,575
539
290
5,084
532
263
4,815
550
354
5,913
571
281
5,408
552
455
7,508
555
343
6,894
539
411
9,085
512
469
12,519
509
687
20,094
547
669
25,017
527
493
24,520
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

Guava

TABLE 2.7
CROP WISE COMPOSITION OF VALUE OF MAJOR AGRICULTURAL CROPS
(AT CONSTANT FACTOR COST 1999-2000)
Fiscal Year/
Crops
All Major Crops
Food Crops
Wheat
Rice
Bajra
Jowar
Maize
Gram
Barley
Fibre Crops
Cotton
Cash Crops
Sugarcane
Other Crops
Sesamum
Rape Seed & Mustard
Tobacco
R : Revised
P : Provisional

(%age Share)
2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12
R
P
100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00
62.66
63.52
61.55
63.37
63.85
62.24
66.69
64.61
65.86
62.57
39.26
38.98
37.58
38.23
39.27
37.12
40.43
39.01
42.60
39.22
15.85
16.94
15.28
17.45
15.78
16.63
17.20
17.84
15.02
15.37
0.41
0.59
0.36
0.42
0.43
0.58
0.53
0.52
0.63
0.54
0.39
0.46
0.31
0.27
0.29
0.29
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.21
3.13
3.32
4.14
4.70
4.42
5.37
5.08
4.57
5.22
5.93
3.41
3.05
3.73
2.14
3.51
2.10
3.06
2.32
2.06
1.19
0.19
0.19
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.11
0.11
22.98
22.06
27.21
25.58
23.65
22.67
21.85
24.17
21.61
24.61
22.98
22.06
27.21
25.58
23.65
22.67
21.85
24.17
21.61
24.61
12.95
13.00
9.95
9.75
11.20
13.82
10.20
10.05
11.36
11.68
12.95
13.00
9.95
9.75
11.20
13.82
10.20
10.05
11.36
11.68
1.41
1.43
1.28
1.31
1.29
1.27
1.26
1.17
1.17
1.14
0.12
0.15
0.16
0.20
0.16
0.18
0.21
0.17
0.16
0.15
0.81
0.81
0.65
0.57
0.67
0.58
0.58
0.47
0.55
0.57
0.48
0.46
0.47
0.54
0.46
0.51
0.47
0.53
0.46
0.42
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

TABLE 2.8
CREDIT DISBURSED BY AGENCIES
(Rs million)
MFBS
Total
Fiscal
ZTBL
Taccavi
Domestic
PPCBL
Commercial Banks
Year
a
Private Bank
b
c
d
1990-91
8,324
56
..
3,017
3,518
..
14,915
1991-92
6,996
57
..
3,247
4,180
..
14,479
1992-93
8,643
51
..
2,978
4,526
..
16,198
1993-94
8,989
..
..
2,621
4,063
..
15,674
1994-95
14,576
..
..
3,757
4,041
..
22,373
1995-96
10,339
..
..
3,803
5,045
..
19,187
1996-97
11,687
..
..
3,431
4,429
..
19,548
1997-98
22,354
..
..
4,929
6,110
..
33,392
1998-99
30,176
..
..
5,440
7,236
..
42,852
1999-00
24,424
..
..
5,951
9,313
..
39,688
2000-01
27,610
..
..
5,124
12,056
..
44,790
2001-02
29,108
..
593
5,128
17,486
..
52,314
2002-03
29,270
..
1,421
5,485
22,739
..
58,915
2003-04
29,933
..
2,702
7,564
33,247
..
73,446
2004-05
37,409
..
12,407
7,607
51,310
..
108,733
2005-06
47,594
..
16,023
5,889
67,967
..
137,474
2006-07
56,473
..
23,976
7,988
80,393
..
168,830
2007-08
66,939
..
43,941
5,931
94,749
..
211,561
2008-09
75,139
..
41,626
5,579
110,666
..
233,010
2009-10
79,012
..
43,777
5,722
119,609
..
248,120
2010-11
65,361
..
50,187
7,162
140,312
..
263,022
2011-12 P
37,844
..
37,338
6,012
107,640
8,527
197,361
P : Provisional (Jul-Mar)
.. : not Available
Source: State Bank of Pakistan
a : Zarai Taraqiate Bank Limited, formerly Agriculture Development Bank of Pakistan
b : Punjab Provincial Corporative Bank Ltd
c : Include ABL, HBL, MCB NBP & UBL
d : 5 Micro Finance Banks included since July - 2011

TABLE 2.9
FERTILIZER OFF-TAKE AND IMPORTS OF FERTILIZERS & PESTICIDES
Fiscal
N
Year
1990-91
1,472
1991-92
1,463
1992-93
1,635
1993-94
1,659
1994-95
1,738
1995-96
1,991
1996-97
1,985
1997-98
2,075
1998-99
2,097
1999-00
2,218
2000-01
2,264
2001-02
2,285
2002-03
2,349
2003-04
2,527
2004-05
2,796
2005-06
2,926
2006-07
2,650
2007-08
2,925
2008-09
3,034
2009-10
3,476
2010-11
3,134
2011-12 P
2,379
P : Provisional, (Jul-Mar)

Fertilizer off-take (000 N/Tonnes)

P
K
389
398
488
464
428
494
420
551
465
597
677
625
650
674
864
851
979
630
651
860
767
517

33
23
24
23
17
30
8
20
21
19
23
19
20
22
33
27
43
27
25
24
32
17

Total
1,893
1,884
2,148
2,147
2,183
2,515
2,413
2,646
2,583
2,834
2,966
2,929
3,020
3,222
3,694
3,804
3,672
3,582
3,710
4,360
3,933
2,913

Import of Insecticides
Import of
Value
Fertilizers
Quantity
000 Tonnes
(Tonnes)
(Mln Rs)
685
13,030
1,489
632
15,258
1,946
759
14,435
1,731
903
12,100
1,706
261
21,776
2,978
581
30,479
5,081
878
30,856
5,272
714
29,225
4,801
885
31,893
5,515
663
26,124
4,692
580
21,255
3,477
626
31,783
5,320
766
22,242
3,441
764
41,406
7,157
784
41,561
8,281
1,268
33,954
6,804
796
29,089
5,848
876
27,814
6,330
568
28,839
8,981
1,444
38,227
13,473
645
36,183
13,178
1,024
22,510
8,531
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
National Fertilizer Development Centre

TABLE 2.10
AVERAGE RETAIL SALE PRICE OF FERTILIZERS
Urea
AN/CAN
AS
Fiscal Year
(46% N)
(26% N)
(21% N)
1990-91
195.0
90.0
85.0
1991-92
195.0
95.0
90.0
1992-93
205.0
109.0
96.0
1993-94
210.1
..
125.3
1994-95
235.0
150.0
164.0
1995-96
267.0
172.0
172.0
1996-97
340.0
209.0
197.0
1997-98
341.0
223.6
232.5
1998-99
346.0
231.0
275.0
1999-00
327.0
231.0
286.0
2000-01
363.0
233.0
300.0
2001-02
394.0
268.0
308.0
2002-03
411.0
282.0
344.0
2003-04
420.0
208.0
373.0
2004-05
468.0
353.0
405.0
2005-06
509.0
395.0
744.0
2006-07
527.0
396.0
779.0
2007-08
581.0
471.0
867.0
2008-09
751.0
704.0
1330.0
2009-10
799.0
701.0
1223.0
2010-11
1035.0
843.0
1124.0
2011-12 P
1705.0
1364.0
..
P : Provisional (Jul-Mar)
.. : Not available
AN/CAN : Ammonium Nitrate/Calcium Ammonium Nitrate
ASN : Ammonium Super Nitrate
AS : Ammonium Sulphate
DAP: Diammonium Phosphate
NP : Nitrophosphate
SOP: Sulphate of Potash
NPK: Nitrogen Phosphate and Potash
SSP: Single Super Phosphate

(Rs per bag of 50 Kgs/110lbs)

NP
SSP(G)
DAP
SOP
NPK
(23:23)
(18%)
(18:46)
(50% K) (10:20:20)
173.0
93.0
249.0
150.0
176.0
173.0
93.0
272.0
150.0
176.0
196.0
93.0
264.0
195.0
247.0
202.6
95.8
269.0
195.0
247.0
250.0
150.0
379.0
195.0
247.0
320.0
183.0
479.0
331.0
..
384.0
211.0
553.0
532.0
..
396.6
200.0
564.6
540.0
..
457.0
234.0
665.0
541.0
..
464.0
298.0
649.0
543.0
..
468.0
253.0
670.0
682.0
..
519.0
280.0
710.0
765.0
..
539.0
287.0
765.0
780.0
..
622.0
329.0
913.0
809.0
..
704.0
373.0
1001.0
996.0
..
710.0
407.0
1079.0
1170.0
..
670.0
334.0
993.0
985.0
..
1267.0
572.0
1934.0
1497.0
..
1700.0
874.0
2578.0
2091.0
..
1452.0
726.0
2267.0
2370.0
..
2108.0
896.0
3236.0
2807.0
..
2768.0
1259.0
4118.0
3761.0
..
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics
National Fertilizer Development Centre

TABLE 2.11
AREA IRRIGATED BY DIFFERENT SOURCES

Fiscal Year
1990-91
1991-92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
1999-00
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12 P
P : Provisional

Canals
7.89
7.85
7.91
7.73
7.51
7.60
7.81
7.79
7.67
7.56
6.98
6.81
7.06
7.22
6.98
7.06
6.80
6.91
6.83
6.83
6.40
6.40

Wells
0.13
0.16
0.18
0.14
0.17
0.18
0.18
0.16
0.17
0.18
0.16
0.20
0.21
0.22
0.29
0.28
0.28
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.32
0.32

Canal
Wells
0.08
0.11
0.10
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.11
0.13
0.09
0.09
0.10
0.16
0.17
0.15
0.19
0.20
0.22
0.17
0.20
0.26
0.25
0.25

Tube wells
2.56
2.59
2.67
2.78
2.83
2.89
2.90
3.00
2.98
3.11
3.19
3.45
3.42
3.49
3.56
3.58
3.80
3.83
3.84
3.88
3.92
3.92

(Million hectares)
Canal
Tube wells
Others
Total
5.87
0.22
16.75
5.93
0.21
16.85
6.23
0.24
17.33
6.22
0.17
17.13
6.41
0.18
17.20
6.58
0.22
17.58
6.61
0.22
17.85
6.74
0.18
18.00
6.88
0.16
17.95
6.99
0.18
18.11
7.22
0.17
17.82
7.24
0.18
18.04
7.17
0.20
18.22
7.47
0.21
18.76
7.66
0.30
18.98
7.71
0.29
19.12
7.71
0.29
19.10
7.79
0.28
19.28
7.94
0.31
19.42
8.07
0.30
19.64
7.60
0.18
18.67
7.60
0.18
18.67
Source: Pakistan Bureau of Statistics

TABLE 2.12(A)
PROCUREMENT/SUPPORT PRICES OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
(Rs per 40 kg)
Fiscal
Year

Rice

Wheat
Basmati
385
283.00
308.00
340.00
360.00
389.00
419.80
461.78
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2500.00
..
..
..

Irri-6^

Paddy
Sugarcane
Basmati
Irri-6^
Khyber
Punjab
Sindh
385
Pakhtunkhwa
143.50
73.00
15.25
15.25
15.75
155.00
78.00
16.75
16.75
17.00
175.00
85.00
17.50
17.50
17.75
185.00
90.00
18.00
18.00
18.25
210.90
102.60
20.50
20.50
20.75
222.00
112.00
21.50
21.50
21.75
255.30
128.80
24.00
24.00
24.50
310.00
153.00
35.00
35.00
36.00
330.00
175.00
35.00
35.00
36.00
350.00
185.00
35.00
35.00
36.00
385.00
205.00
35.00
35.00
36.00
385.00
205.00
42.00
42.00*
43.00
385.00
205.00
42.00
42.00
43.00
400.00
215.00
42.00
42.00
43.00
415.00
230.00
42.00
42.00
43.00
460.00
300.00
48.00
45.00
60.00
..
306.00
65.00
60.00
67.00
..
..
65.00*
60.00*
63.00
1250.00 @ 700.00
80.00
80.00
81.00
100.00
100.00
102.00
1000.00 @ 600.00
..
..
125.00
125.00
125.00
..
..
150.00
150.00
154.00

1990-91
112.00
127.00
1991-92
124.00
140.00
1992-93
130.00
150.00
1993-94
160.00
157.00
1994-95
160.00
170.00
1995-96
173.00
183.00
1996-97
240.00
210.45
1997-98
240.00
..
1998-99
240.00
..
1999-00
300.00
..
2000-01
300.00
..
2001-02
300.00
..
2002-03
300.00
..
2003-04
350.00
..
2004-05
400.00
..
2005-06
415.00
..
2006-07
425.00
..
2007-08
625.00
..
2008-09
950.00
1400.00
2009-10
950.00
..
2010-11
950.00
..
2011-12 P
1050.00
..
.. : Not applicable
^ : Fair Average Quality
@ : Price of Basmati Super (Paddy) Rs. 1500/40kg for 2008-09 and Rs. 1250 for 2009-10
* : Sugarcane prices are fixed by the respective Provincial Government

Balochistan
..
17.00
17.50
18.25
20.75
21.75
24.50
36.00
36.00
36.00
36.00
43.00
43.00
43.00
43.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
(Contd.)

TABLE 2.12(B)
PROCUREMENT/SUPPORT PRICES OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
(Rs per 40 Kg)
Cotton Lint

Fiscal
Year
Desi
1990-91
550.00
1991-92
662.00
1992-93
695.00
1993-94
726.00
1994-95
795.00
1995-96
795.00
1996-97
..
1997-98
..
1998-99
..
1999-00
..
2000-01
..
2001-02
..
2002-03
..
2003-04
..
2004-05
..
2005-06
..
2006-07
..
2007-08
..
2008-09
..
2009-10
..
2010-11
..
2011-12
..
.. : Not applicable
* : Niab-78, CIM

AC-134,
NT
615.00
685.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

B-557
149-F
645.00
715.00
770.00
801.00
986.00
986.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Seed Cotton (Phutti)

*
*
*
*

Sarmast
Qallandri Deltapine MS39-40
690.00
745.00
800.00
831.00
1055.00
1055.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Desi
220.00
255.00
275.00
290.00
340.00
340.00
440.00
440.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

Sarmast
QallanB-557
dri DeltaAC-134,
F-149
pine MSNT
Niab-78
39-40
Potato
Onion
235.00
245.00
260.00
55.00
51.50
270.00
280.00
290.00
65.00
60.00
..
300.00 *
310.00
67.00
65.00
..
315.00 *
325.00
77.00
78.00
..
400.00 *
423.00
84.00
78.00
..
400.00 *
423.00
84.00
85.00
..
500.00 *
540.00
115.00
100.00
..
500.00 *
540.00
145.00
112.00
..
825.00 *
..
145.00
140.00
..
725.00 *
..
145.00
..
..
725.00 *
..
145.00
..
..
780.00
..
..
..
..
800.00
..
..
..
..
850.00
..
..
..
..
925.00
..
..
..
..
975.00
..
..
..
..
1025.00
..
..
..
..
1025.00
..
..
..
..
1465.00
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Source: Ministry of National Food Security and Research

TABLE 2.13
PROCUREMENT, RELEASES AND STOCKS OF WHEAT AND RICE
Wheat (May-April)
Fiscal
ProcureReleases
Year
ment
1990-91
3,159.0
5,608.0
1991-92
3,249.0
5,431.0
1992-93
4,120.0
5,143.0
1993-94
3,644.0
5,982.0
1994-95
3,740.0
5,999.0
1995-96
3,448.0
5,139.0
1996-97
2,725.0
5,987.0
1997-98
3,984.0
5,794.0
1998-99
4,070.0
6,165.0
1999-00
8,582.0
6,131.0
2000-01
4,081.0
5,537.0
2001-02
4,045.0
3,376.0
2002-03
3,514.0
5,130.0
2003-04
3,456.0
4,104.0
2004-05
3,939.0
4,500.0
2005-06
4,514.0
2,088.0
2006-07
4,422.0
5,985.4
2007-08
3,917.0
6,357.9
2008-09
9,231.0
5,784.4
2009-10
6,715.0
5,985.0
2010-11 P
2,230.0
6,404.0
2011-12 P
2,220.0 @
..
P : Provisional
.. : not available
* : Tentative, 13th May, 2012
@ : upto 13th May 2012 (2011-12 Crop)

Stocks

Rice Procured
Basmati
Others

(000 tonnes)
Stocks Balance (as on 1st July)
Basmati
Others

1,508.0
142.7
673.8
719.3
117.5
1,000.0
121.6
370.3
486.8
314.7
505.0
500.5
454.0
285.2
540.5
1,007.0
144.9
681.4
224.8
541.2
776.0
284.0
..
236.4
848.5
385.0
50.8
154.6
494.3
117.7
456.0
..
..
159.4
187.9
902.0
..
..
..
..
981.0
..
..
..
..
702.0
..
..
..
..
3,552.0
..
..
..
..
3,683.0
..
..
..
..
992.0
..
..
..
..
161.0
..
..
..
..
350.0
..
..
..
..
2,107.0
..
..
..
..
499.1
..
..
..
..
136.9
..
..
..
..
821.9
..
..
..
..
4,223.0
..
..
..
..
3,186.0
..
..
..
..
5,633.0 *
..
..
..
..
Source: Ministry of National Food Security and Research

TABLE 2.14
LIVESTOCK POPULATION
(million numbers)
Fiscal Year

Buffaloes

Cattle

1990-91
17.8
17.7
1991-92
18.3
17.7
1992-93
18.7
17.8
1993-94
19.2
17.8
1994-95
19.7
17.8
1995-96
20.3
20.4
1996-97
20.8
20.8
1997-98
21.4
21.2
1998-99
22.0
21.6
1999-00
22.7
22.0
2000-01
23.3
22.4
2001-02
24.0
22.8
2002-03
24.8
23.3
2003-04
25.5
23.8
2004-05
26.3
24.2
2005-06 *
27.3
29.6
28.2
30.7
2006-07 @
2007-08
29.0
31.8
2008-09
29.9
33.0
2009-10
30.8
34.3
2010-11
31.7
35.6
2011-12
32.7
36.9
* : Actual figures of Livestock Census 2006

Goats

Sheep

37.0
38.7
40.2
42.0
43.8
41.2
42.6
44.2
45.8
47.4
49.1
50.9
52.8
54.7
56.7
53.8
55.2
56.7
58.3
59.9
61.5
63.1

26.3
27.4
27.7
28.3
29.1
23.5
23.7
23.8
23.9
24.1
24.2
24.4
24.6
24.7
24.9
26.5
26.8
27.1
27.4
27.8
28.1
28.4

Poultry

Camels

Asses

Horses

Mules

146.9
1.1
3.5
0.4
0.1
156.2
1.1
3.8
0.5
0.1
182.6
1.1
3.8
0.4
0.1
250.0
1.1
3.9
0.4
0.1
318.8
1.1
4.0
0.4
0.1
350.0
0.8
3.6
0.3
0.1
382.0
0.8
3.6
0.3
0.1
276.0
0.8
3.2
0.3
0.1
278.0
0.8
3.8
0.3
0.1
282.0
0.8
3.8
0.3
0.2
292.4
0.8
3.9
0.3
0.2
330.0
0.8
3.9
0.3
0.2
346.1
0.8
4.1
0.3
0.2
352.6
0.7
4.1
0.3
0.2
372.0
0.7
4.2
0.3
0.3
433.8
0.9
4.3
0.3
0.2
477.0
0.9
4.3
0.3
0.2
518.0
1.0
4.4
0.3
0.2
562.0
1.0
4.5
0.4
0.2
610.0
1.0
4.6
0.4
0.2
663.0
1.0
4.7
0.4
0.2
721.0
1.0
4.8
0.4
0.2
Source: Ministry of National Food Security and Research

@ : From 2006-07 onward figures estimates are based on Inter census growth
rate of livestock census 1996 & 2006

TABLE 2.15
LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS
(000 Tonnes)
Hair
Bones
Fat Blood
Eggs
Hides
Skins
Fiscal
Milk # Beef Mutton Poultry Wool
(Mln.Nos.) (Mln.Nos.) (Mln.Nos.)
Year
Meat
1990-91
15,481
765
665
151
48.1
7.9
259.0
101.8 40.1
4,490
5.9
32.7
1991-92
16,280
803
713
169
49.3
8.3
265.0
104.5 42.5
4,914
6.0
33.9
1992-93
17,120
844
763
265
50.5
8.1
271.0
107.2 45.1
5,164
6.1
36.0
1993-94
18,006
887
817
296
51.7
9.0
277.0
110.0 47.3
5,740
6.2
37.8
1994-95
18,986
931
875
308
53.1
9.4
283.0
113.0 50.7
5,927
6.3
39.3
1995-96
22,970
898
587
355
38.1
15.6
295.7
110.1 32.0
5,757
7.0
32.7
1996-97
23,580
919
602
387
38.3
16.2
302.3
112.6 32.8
6,015
7.1
34.5
1997-98
24,215
940
617
284
38.5
16.7
309.2
115.2 33.6
5,737
7.3
35.3
1998-99
24,876
963
633
310
38.7
17.3
316.3
117.8 34.4
8,261
7.5
36.3
1999-00
25,566
986
649
322
38.9
17.9
324.0
120.6 40.9
7,321
7.6
37.2
2000-01
26,284 1,010
666
339
39.2
18.6
331.4
123.5 41.8
7,505
7.8
38.2
2001-02
27,031 1,034
683
355
39.4
19.3
339.4
126.5 42.9
7,679
7.9
39.2
2002-03
27,811 1,060
702
370
39.7
19.9
347.6
129.7 44.0
7,860
8.2
40.3
2003-04
28,624 1,087
720
378
39.9
20.7
356.2
132.9 45.2
8,102
8.4
42.4
2004-05
29,438 1,115
739
384
40.0
20.7
365.1
136.3 45.2
8,529
8.6
42.6
2005-06 *
31,970 1,449
554
512
40.1
20.3
633.5
203.3 51.4
9,712
11.4
43.3
32,996 1,498
566
554
40.6
20.8
652.5
209.2 52.7
10,197
11.8
44.3
2006-07 @
2007-08
34,064 1,549
578
601
41.0
21.4
672.2
215.3 54.1
10,711
12.2
45.3
2008-09
35,160 1,601
590
652
41.5
22.0
692.4
221.6 55.4
11,258
12.6
46.3
2009-10
36,299 1,655
603
707
42.0
22.6
713.4
228.1 56.8
11,839
13.0
47.4
2010-11
37,475 1,711
616
767
42.5
23.2
735.1
234.8 58.3
12,857
13.5
48.5
2011-12
38,690 1,769
629
834
43.0
23.8
757.5
241.7 59.8
13,144
13.9
49.6
Source: Ministry of National Food Security and Research
* : Actual figures of Livestock Census 2006
# : Human Consumption
@ : From 2006-07 onward figures estimates are based on Inter census growth rate of livestock census 1996 & 2006