Ging vin hng dn: Sinh vin thc hin:

TS.Nguyn Vn Ha ThS.Cao Thnh Trung Ng c Ngha Nguyn c Vit

NI DUNG
Ni dung n gm ba chng: Chng 1: Tm hiu vi iu khin PIC16F887. Chng 2: Thit k mch. Chng 3: Thc nghim.

Chng 1: Tm hiu vi iu khin PIC16F887

Ni dung chng 1: 1.1. Gii thiu v h vi iu khin PIC. 1.2. Vi iu khin PIC16F887.

Gii thiu v h vi iu khin PIC

PIC bt ngun t ch vit tt ca Programmable Intelligent

Computer Mt vi u im chnh ca vi iu khin PIC: - Vi mch kch thc nh nhng c nhiu tnh nng hn 8051. - S chn t (40 chn) nhng mi chn c t 3 4 chc nng. - C th dng c tn s xung nhp bn trong v tn s xung nhp bn ngoi.

Vi iu khin PIC16F887

S chn PIC16F887

Vi iu khin PIC16F887
Cc c tnh ngoi vi bao gm cc khi chc nng sau : - Timer : Timer 0,Timer 2 8 bit Timer 1 - 16 bit - Hai b Capture/Comparator/PWM - H tr cc chun giao tip ni tip SSP , SPI, I2C. - H tr cng giao tip song song PSP . - H tr chun giao tip RS232, RS485. - C 14 chn chuyn i ADC 10 bit (AN0-AN13).

Chng 2: Thit k mch

Ni dung chng 2: 2.1. Thit k mch cng.
Khi tn hiu vo. Khi tn hiu ra.

Mch giao tip

2.2. Lu thut ton

Lu thut ton ca h thng Giao din HMI

Chng 2 : Thit k mch

Vo dng Vo p Ngun Hin th LCD

Ra p
Vo NT Vo CN Nt bm Giao tip PC
Phn cng b iu khin

PIC16F887 Ra dng

Ra role 3 VT

Thit k mch cng

Yu cu

- Nhn cc nt MENU, UP, DOWN, ENTER chn tn hiu vo, tn hiu ra , tham s b iu khin PI, gi tr t Sp. - Hin th LCD. - Tnh ton u ra cho b iu khin PI. - Truyn d liu ln my tnh, v th nhit o c ( y ta dng TeeChart 7 trong Visual Basic).

Khi tn hiu vo
Tn hiu vo l in p

- Tn hiu in p 0 5V , dng 2mA.

Khi tn hiu vo
Tn hiu vo l dng in

- Vi di vo nm trong di 4 20mA , u ra c a vo chn vi iu khin vi mc in p trong di 0 5V .

- Tn hiu dng chy qua in tr R3 to thnh p t vo 2 u b

khuch i. - U6 c tc dng nh 1 mch tr, U7 c tc dng khuch i tn hiu ra t U6 ln khong 0 5V a vo vi iu khin.

Khi tn hiu vo
Tn hiu vo l dng in

U(V)
5

I (mA)
0
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

c tnh b chuyn i I/U

Khi tn hiu vo
Tn hiu vo l nhit in tr PT-100

- o nhit ta dng nhit k in tr bch kim PT 100. - Nhim v : Chuyn tn hiu in tr t 100 139,6 (tng ng vi nhit t 0 1000 C) sang in p t 0 5V a vo vi iu khin.

- U8 c chc nng n dng a dng ra n nh cp cho PT-100 v 2 IC U9,U10 c chc nng lm b khuch i tn hiu ln trong khong 05V.

Khi tn hiu vo
Tn hiu vo l nhit in tr PT-100
145 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

_ ()

t C

c tnh PT-100

Khi tn hiu vo
Tn hiu vo l cp nhit in

- AD595 l mt IC chuyn dng b nhit / khuch i cho cp nhit in loi K cho ng ra tuyn tnh 10mV/C. Tn hiu nhit c o qua cp nhit in (loi K) , sau c a vo IC AD595, tn hiu t AD595 ra c a vo b chuyn i ADC.

Khi tn hiu ra
Tn hiu ra l dng in

- Chuyn tn hiu in p 05V thnh tn hiu dng in 420 mA.

- Hiu chnh RV7, RV8 l mt bin tr c 20K. Hiu chnh RV7 sao cho khi in p vo l 5V th = 20mA v hiu chnh RV8 sao cho khi in p vo l 0V th = 4mA.

Khi tn hiu ra
Tn hiu ra l in p

- Ta dng phng php iu khin in p theo rng xung, p ra ln nht l 10V.

Khi tn hiu ra
Tn hiu ra l r le 3 v tr

- to r le 3 v tr ta cn 2 r le 2 v tr.

S nguyn l mch giao tip

Lu thut ton
Thut ton PID

Ri rc ha b iu khin : = .
=

= . +

()

()

= . . Ta c :

. 1 =1 = . ( 1 )

= 1 + . . 1 +

1 . . 1 + 2. + 2 . . = 1 + . 0 + 1 . 1 + 2 . 2 ; 1 = . 1 + 2. ; 2 = .

0 = . 1 +

Lu thut ton
Thut ton ca h thng

- C 4 nt bm MENU , UP , DOWN, ENTER cho php ngi dng la chn cc tn hiu vo, ra, tham s b iu khin . - Trong n ny yu cu chy thc nghim trn i tng c th l thit b gi nng, tn hiu vo l nhit k in tr PT-100, tn hiu ra l in p. Kt thc qu trnh nhp, LCD s hin th gi tr nhit ci t set_temp oC v nhit hin ti temp oC .

Lu thut ton
Thut ton ca h thng

Lu thut ton
Thut ton ca h thng

Lu thut ton
Thut ton ca h thng

Lu thut ton
Thut ton ca h thng

Giao tip vi my tnh

Giao din s dng Visual Basic 6.0

- Giao din gim st hin th cc thng s b iu khin PI, th nhit dng cng c TeeChart Activex Control v7 trong VB 6.0.

Chng 3: Thc nghim

Ni dung chng 3: 3.1. Kho st vi i tng thc t l thit b gi nng.
Tng quan chung v h thng Thu thp d liu thc nghim, nhn dng m hnh i tng

nh tnh tham s b iu khin

3.2. Tin hnh thc nghim

Thc nghim
H thng iu chnh gi nng

- Nhim v: thu thp tn hiu nhit t l ( PT-100) chuyn sang dng

in p 0 5V a vo vi iu khin x l. Tn hiu iu khin t b PI cp in p Udk cho mch TCA785 iu khin gc m Triac t thay i cng sut cp cho l nhit.

Thc nghim
S nguyn l mch cng sut

Thc nghim
Thu thp d liu t thc nghim

Thc nghim
Xc nh m hnh ton hc ca i tng

- H s truyn : K =0,78 - Thi gian tr vn chuyn: 0 = 24s - Xc nh c (t3) = 0,45 >0,31. Do hm truyn t W1(p) c dng :

- Tnh ton c T = 167,07s ; 1 = 2,55s. - T ta thu c hm truyn ca i tng:

Thc nghim
Xc nh tham s BK bng thc

nghim - Takahashi a ra phng php xc nh tham s , ca PI s t ng qu h(t).

- Ta thu c Kp= 7,13 ; Ti = 91

Thc nghim
Chy thc nghim vi Kp=7, Ti =90, Sp=50

Thc nghim
Chy thc nghim vi Kp=5, Ti=91, Sp =50

Thc nghim
Chy thc nghim vi Kp=8, Ti=70, Sp =53

Kt lun
Sau thi gian thc tp, nhm thit k c b iu khin PI s dng vi

iu khin PIC16F887. Thit k phn mm vi tn hiu vo l PT 100, tn hiu ra p. Chy thc kim nghim kt qu thu c t l thuyt trn i tng tht l h thng iu chnh gi nng. Do thiu kinh nghim v lm mch thc t dn ti trong qu trnh lm phn cng thng xy ra cht linh kin. Nhm mi chy thc c trn 1 i tng vo PT-100, ra p. Nhm s c gng hon thin nt cc u vo/ ra cn li.

Cm n thy c v cc bn sinh vin lng nghe!