Tìm hiểu Learning Object và Việt Hóa công cụ Reload Editor trong thiết kế bài giảng

Tm hiu Learning Object v Vit Ha cng c Reload Editor trong thit k bi ging
MC LC Chng 1 ..........................................................................................................................6 1.1Gii thiu s lc h thng E-learning:....................................................................6 1.1.1E-learning...........................................................................................................7 1.1.2Lch s pht trin ca e-learning:......................................................................8 1.2So snh phng php truyn thng vi phng php E-learning:...........................9 1.2.1Phng php hc truyn thng:.........................................................................9 1.2.2Phng php E-learning..................................................................................12 1.2.3u v nhc im ca phng php E-learning:............................................14 1.3S lc v Learning Objects:..................................................................................15 1.3.1Khi nim: .......................................................................................................15 1.3.2Cc tin ch ca LOs:.......................................................................................15 1.3.3u v nhc im ca vic s dng LO trong thit k bi ging...................17 1.3.4Lnh vc ng dng ca LO..............................................................................18 1.4E-book v LO .........................................................................................................18 1.4.1nh ngha E-book...........................................................................................18 1.4.2u v nhc im ca E-book:.......................................................................19 1.4.3 u im ca LO:............................................................................................19 Chng 2.........................................................................................................................20 2.1 t vn ..............................................................................................................20 2.2 M hnh h thng e-Learning ...............................................................................20 ......................................................................................................................................20 Chng 3..................................................................................................................21 3.1 Learning Objects:...................................................................................................21 3.1.1 Cc khi nim:................................................................................................21 Learning Object(LO):..............................................................................................21 Reusable Learning Object (RLO): ..........................................................................22 Reusable Information Learning (RIO): ...................................................................22 3.1.2 c im ca Learning Objects: ....................................................................22 3.1.3 Thnh phn c bn ca LO ............................................................................23 3.1.4Cc m hnh:....................................................................................................24 3.1.5Phng php lun: ..........................................................................................27 3.1.6Cu trc ca Learning Object: ........................................................................30 3.1.7Hin thc: ........................................................................................................32 3.1.8V d minh ha:...............................................................................................33 3.2 Learning Object Metadata (LOM).........................................................................35 3.2.1 nh ngha:......................................................................................................35 3.2.2 Cc thnh phn c bn ca metadata .............................................................36 3.3 Cc chun thng dng hin nay :...........................................................................36 3.3.1 Chun IMS......................................................................................................37 3.3.2 Chun SCORM...............................................................................................39 3.4 H thng qun l vic hc (LMS- Learning Management Systems).....................44 3.4.1 nh ngha: .....................................................................................................44 3.4.2 Phn loi:........................................................................................................44 3.4.3 c im ca LMS: .......................................................................................45 3.4.4 Chc nng ca LMS ......................................................................................46 GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh Trang 1 SVTH: Nhung, Lam
3.4.5 Mt vi h thng LMS hin nay: ...................................................................46 Chng 4.........................................................................................................................48 4.1 Cng c Reload Editor...........................................................................................48 4.1.1 ReLoad Editor ................................................................................................48 4.1.3 Mc ch ca Reload Editor ..........................................................................48 4.2 Cc thnh phn ca Reload Editor.........................................................................49 4.2.1 Reload Editor cung cp 4 thnh phn h tr cho vic ng gi ni dung: 49 4.2.2 Chc nng ca Reload Editor.........................................................................49 4.3S lp ca Reload Editor...................................................................................53 4.3.1 S lp tng quan:.......................................................................................53 4.3.2 S lp xy dng file xml document...........................................................54 4.3.3 S lp xy dng Learning Design:............................................................55 4.3.4 Cc class Controller:.......................................................................................56 Cc class Controller c th, thao tc trn tng loi Schema ring bit, h tr xy dng file XML Document........................................................................................56 4.4 Vit ha cng c Reload Editor.............................................................................57 4.4.1 Tng quan:......................................................................................................57 4.4.2 Vit Ha Reload Editor:.................................................................................57 4.4.3 Qu trnh thc hin Vit Ha .........................................................................64 Chng 5.........................................................................................................................72 5.1 C ch Pakaging....................................................................................................72 5.1.1 Ti sao cn c ch Packaging:........................................................................72 5.1.2 C ch ng gi:.............................................................................................73 5.2 C Ch Preview.....................................................................................................74 5.3 Phng php chun ha:........................................................................................85 5.4 Chun IMS v SCORM.........................................................................................87 5.4.1 IMS Content Package:....................................................................................87 5.4.2 Chun SCORM.............................................................................................115 5.4.3 IMS Learning Design....................................................................................118 Chng 6 .................................................................................................................132 6.1 Moodle.................................................................................................................132 6.1.1 nh Ngha: ..................................................................................................132 Moodle l mt h thng qun l hc tp (Learning Management System - LMS hoc ngi ta cn gi l Course Management System hoc VLE - Virtual Learning Environment) m ngun m (do min ph v c th chnh sa c m ngun), cho php to cc kha hc trn mng Internet hay cc website hc tp trc tuyn. 132 6.1.2 Cng ngh.....................................................................................................133 6.1.3 Tnh nng ca Moodle..................................................................................133 6.1.4 i tng phc v ca Moodle....................................................................133 6.1.5 Mt hn ch trong Moodle............................................................................135 6.1.6 u im v hng pht trin........................................................................135 6.2 Cch thm mi mt kha hc vo Moodle .........................................................135 6.3 ng dng Moodle xy dng website o to t xa cho khoa CNTT-Trng H Nng Lm TP.HCM:.................................................................................................141 Chng 7.......................................................................................................................142 7.1 Tng Kt..............................................................................................................142 GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh Trang 2 SVTH: Nhung, Lam
7.1.1 Phn lm c...............................................................................................142 Tm hiu, nghin cu l thuyt:.............................................................................142 7.1.2 Phn cha thc hin c ............................................................................143 7.2 Kt qu t c .................................................................................................143 7.3 Hng pht trin..................................................................................................143 Ph lc A: Hng dn s dng cng c Reload Editor to bi ging..................144 Ph lc B: Hng dn ci t v s dng Moodle....................................................153 Ph lc C: Cc t chc ni ting trong vic a ra cc c t trong e-Learning.......166 DANH MC CC HNH Chng 1: Hnh 1.1 M hnh E-learning .........................................................................................7 Hnh 1.2 Cc chc nng ca gio vin........................................................................10 Hnh 1.3 Cc chc nng ca h thng E-LEARNING.............................................12 Hnh 1.4 M hnh kho st vic ging dy theo phng php e-learning................13 Hnh 2.1 M hnh trin khai e-Learning......................................................................20 Hnh 3.1 M hnh ca LO.............................................................................................24 Hnh 3.2 M hnh RLO/RIO ca CISCO....................................................................25 Hnh 3.3 Xy dng RLO/RIO trong kha hc Qui hoch v qun l d n ............26 Hnh 3.4 M hnh hot ng hc..................................................................................27 Hnh 3.5 Cu trc phn cp ca mt bi ging...........................................................29 Hnh 3.6 Cu trc v mt gio dc ca Learning Object..........................................30 Hnh 3.7 Cu trc k thut ca Leaning Object.........................................................31 Hnh 3.8 Learning Object trong mi trng Web-Browser......................................32 Hnh 3.9 Learning Object trong LMS..........................................................................33 Hnh 3.10 Cu trc kha hc.......................................................................................34 Hnh 3.11 T chc cc Learning Object......................................................................34 Hnh 3.12 S tng tc gia hc vin v Learning Object........................................35 Hnh 3.13 M hnh tng tc ca ngi hc ti SCORM thng qua www..............40 Hnh 3.14 Cc dch v SCORM trong mi trng LMS...........................................40 Hnh 3.15: Cc thnh phn ca SCORM....................................................................41 Hnh 3.16: Biu hot ng ca SCO.......................................................................42 Hnh 4.1 Chc nng ca Reload Editor.......................................................................50 Hnh 4.2 Cu trc mt LO c ng gi bi Reload Editor...................................53 Hnh 4.3 Class Diagrama to file xml........................................................................53 Hnh 4.4 S to file document..................................................................................54 Hnh 4.5 s lp Learning Design.............................................................................55 Hnh 4.7 Cu trc th mc trong folder Helper.........................................................61 GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh Trang 3 SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 5.1 Tnh ti dng - Reusing Existing Training.................................................72 Hnh 5.2 S lp chc nng Preview........................................................................74 Hnh 5.3 Cu trc th mc Reload-Editor trong user-home.....................................75 Hnh 5.4 Ghi nhn kt qu sau khi ghi file CPOrgs.js...............................................77 Hnh 5.5 IMS Content framework...........................................................................88 Hnh 5.6 IMS Content Packaging scope....................................................................89 Hnh 5.7 Nguyn tc xc nh phm vi cho manifest- (sub)manifest......................109 Hnh 5.8 T chc ni dung Organization..................................................................117 Hnh 5.9 Learning Design trong file imsmanifest.xml..............................................119 Hnh 5.10 M t cu trc mt Learning Design cp A.......................................123 Hnh 5.11 Thng tin ca mt Learning Design.........................................................125 Hnh 5.12 Thng tin bng ca mt Component .......................................................125 Hnh 5.13 Thng tin bng ca Role............................................................................126 Hnh5.14 Thng tin bng activities.............................................................................126 Hnh 5.15 Thng tin bng learning activities............................................................127 Hnh 5.16 Thng tin bng support-activities............................................................128 Hnh 5.17 Thng tin bng activity-structure.............................................................128 Hnh5.18 Thng tin bng environment......................................................................129 Hnh 5.19 Thng tin bng method..............................................................................129 Hnh 5.20 Thng tin bng service...............................................................................130 Hnh5.21 Thng tin bng play....................................................................................130 Hnh 5.22: Thng tin bng act....................................................................................131 Hnh 6.1 Giao din Moodle .......................................................................................136 Hnh 6.2 Thm mn hc trong Moodle......................................................................137 Hnh 6.3 Giao din qun l mt mn hc trong Moodle..........................................138 Hnh 6.4 Thm ni dung SCORM mi .....................................................................139 Hnh 6.5 Upload file.....................................................................................................139 Hnh 6.6 Cc tp tin v th mc lin quan n ni dung hc tp ........................140 Hnh 6.7 M t Bi Hc ..............................................................................................141 Bng 1.1 u v nhc im ca phng php e-Learning.......................................14 Bng 1.2: u im v khuyt im ca LO trong thit k bi ging.......................17 Bng3.1 S tng quan gia m hnh RLO vi m hnh th vin...........................25 Bng 3.2 Cc c t ca IMS.......................................................................................38 Bng 5.1 Namespace v Schema tham chiu trong mt s c t ca IMS.............85 GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh Trang 4 SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Bng 5.2 V d thuc tnh isvisible.........................................................................114 Bng 5.3 H thng phn cp ca Learning Design...................................................122
GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh
Trang 5
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Chng 1
TNG QUAN 1.1 Gii thiu s lc h thng E-learning: E-learning - phng php gio dc o to mi c cc nh chuyn mn nh gi l cuc cch mng trong gio dc th k 21. y l gii php s dng cng ngh cao h tr qu trnh hc tp, cung cp cc dch v o to qua mng Internet hoc Intranet cho ngi dng. u im ca E-Learning so vi cc phng php gio dc truyn thng l to ra mt mi trng hc tp m v tnh cht ti s dng cc n v tri thc (learning object). Vi cng ngh ny, qu trnh dy v hc s hiu qu v nhanh chng hn, gim chi ph v thi gian o tovi phng php ging dy truyn thng. E-learning chuyn ti ni dung phong ph, n tng v d hiu thng qua trang web, bo m cht lng o to qua nhng phn mm qun l. M hnh ny cho php hc vin cng nh nhn vin ti cc cng ty chn hc nhng th cn thit ch khng b buc nh trc. Hc vin c th hc bt c lc no bt c ni u ch cn thng qua mng m khng cn phi n trng. Hin nay, E-Learning ang pht trin rt nhanh trn phm vi ton cu. N mang li hiu qu kinh t cao trong vic o to ngun nhn lc. V vy elearning thu ht s quan tm ca cc t chc trong c bit l trong lnh vc gio dc.
Trang 6
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
1.1.1 E-learning E-learning (electronic learning): Thut ng bao hm mt tp hp cc ng dng v x l thng qua cc phng tin in t . Trong bao gm vic phn phi ni dung cc kho hc ti hc vin qua Internet, mng intranet/extranet (LAN/WAN), bng audio v video, v tinh, truyn hnh, CD-ROM, v cc loi in t khc.
Hnh 1.1 M hnh E-learning
Hnh 1.1 m t mt cch tng qut khi nim E-learning.Trong m hnh ny, h thng o to bao gm 4 thnh phn, ton b hoc mt phn ca nhng thnh phn ny c chuyn ti ti ngi hc thng qua cc phng tin truyn thng in t. Gm c: Ni dung: Cc ni dung o to, bi ging c th hin di dng cc phng tin truyn thng in t, a phng tin. V d cc bi ging vit bng toolbookII, Phn phi: Vic phn phi cc ni dung o to c thc hin thng qua cc phng tin in t. V d ti liu c gi cho hc vin bng email, hc vin hc trn website, hc qua a CD-Rom multimedia, Qun l: Qu trnh qun l c thc hin hon ton nh phng tin truyn thng. V d nh ng k hc qua mng, bng tin nhn SMS, theo di tin hc tp (im danh) qua mng Internet,..
Trang 7
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hp tc: S hp tc, trao i ca ngi hc trong qu trnh hc tp cng c thng qua phng tin truyn thng. V d nh vic trao i tho lun thng qua chat, Forum trn mng, Tm li, E-learning c hiu mt cch chung nht l Qu trnh hc thng qua cc phng tin in t. Ngy nay, vi s pht trin ca my tnh v truyn thng E-learning c hiu l qu trnh hc thng qua mng Internet v cng ngh Web. 1.1.2 Lch s pht trin ca e-learning: Trc nm 1983: K nguyn ging vin lm trung tm Trc khi my tnh c s dng rng ri, phng php gio dc Ly ging vin lm trung tm l phng php ph bin nht trong cc trng hc. Hc vin ch c th trao i tp trung quanh ging vin v cc bn hc. c im ca loi hnh ny l gi thnh o to r. Giai on 1984-1993: K nguyn a phng tin H iu hnh Windows 3.1, my tnh Macintosh, phn mm trnh din powerpoint l cc cng ngh c bn trong k nguyn a phng tin. N cho php to ra cc bi ging tch hp hnh nh v m thanh trn my tnh s dng cng ngh CBT phn phi qua a CD-ROM hoc a mm. Vo bt k thi gian no, u, ngi hc cng c th mua v hc. Tuy nhin s hng dn ca ging vin l rt hn ch. Giai on : 1994-1999: Ln sng E-learning th nht Khi cng ngh Web ra i, cc nh cung cp dch v o to bt u nghin cu cch thc ci tin phng php gio dc bng cng ngh ny. Ngi thy thng thi dn l r thng qua cc phng tin: E-mail, CBT(Computer Based Training), qua Intranet vi text v hnh nh n gin. o to bng cng ngh WEB vi hnh nh chuyn ng tc thp c trin khai trn din rng.
Trang 8
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Giai on : 2000-2005: Ln sng E-learning th hai Cc cng ngh tin tin bao gm JAVA v cc ng dng mng IP, cng ngh truy cp mng v bng thng Internet c nng cao, cc cng ngh thit k Web tin tin tr thnh mt cuc cch mng trong gio dc o to.Thng qua Web gio vin c th kt hp hng dn trc tuyn (hnh nh, m thanh, cc cng c trnh din) ti mi ngi hc, nng cao hn cht lng o to. Cng ngh Web chng t kh nng mang li hiu qu cao trong gio dc o to, cho php a dng ho cc mi trng hc tp. Tt c nhng iu to ra mt cuc cch mng trong o to vi gi thnh r, cht lng v hiu qu.
1.2 So snh phng php truyn thng vi phng php E-learning: 1.2.1 Phng php hc truyn thng: Vi phng php hc truyn thng, vic dy v hc c thc hin trc tip t gio vin ti hc vin, ni dung ging dy l nhng kin thc c s hoc c trong sch v hoc do gio vin truyn t t kinh nghim bn thn. Phng php ny tp trung vo gio vin, gio vin tr thnh trung tm, trc tip truyn t kin thc cho hc vin. Vic kim tra kh nng tip thu kin thc cng nh vic trao i kin thc s rt hn ch, khng th p ng nhu cu ca tt c cc hc vin, lm cho hc vin ngy cng tr nn th ng trong vic hc. Bn cnh ni dung hc rt n iu, t sinh ng, nn khng thu ht c s quan tm ca hc vin.
Trang 9
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Cc chc nng ca gio vin trong m hnh ging dy v hc tp truyn thng:
Hnh 1.2 Cc chc nng ca gio vin
Mt phng php rt hiu qu l gio vin chia lp hc ra thnh tng nhm. Gio vin s t vn v a ra mt s gi cc nhm tho lun, bn bc, a ra kin gii quyt vn . Trong phng php ny, hc vin ng vai tr ch o, gio vin ch ng vai tr gim st v iu hng cho ph hp vi ni dung. Cc phng php ny xem ra rt hiu qu trong vic qun l vic hc ca gio vin, gim bt vai tr ca gio vin trong vic hc, y vai tr ca hc vin ln vai tr ch cht. Tuy nhin, d c ci tin phng php dy ti mc no i na th vn khng th khc phc nhng nhc im ca phng php ging dy truyn thng l: hc vin khng th ch ng v thi gian, khng ch ng trong ni dung hc
GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh Trang 10 SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hin nay nc ta, vic dy v hc tuy c nhiu ci tin phng php dy v hc truyn thng vn gi vai tr ch o.
Trang 11
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
1.2.2 Phng php E-learning M hnh hc tp theo phng php E-learning.
Hnh 1.3 Cc chc nng ca h thng E-LEARNING
S ra i ca E-learning khc phc c nhng hn ch trn. Vi phng php hc tp E-learning, hc vin ch cn ngi trc my tnh t thao tc hc tp, thc hnh v lm bi tp theo mun Hc vin c th ch ng hn trong thi gian hc tp, lm ch thi gian hc tp ca mnh Hc vin c th tham gia lp hc m mnh yu thch v c th ng gp kin, cng xy dng bi vi gio vin, trao i thng tin gia cc hc vin vi nhau bi hc thm sinh ng hn. Vi cc tnh nng u vit, eLearning ngy cng c bit n v c s dng nh mt cng c tr ging c lc nht. Vit Nam hin nay, h thng eLearning cha c trin khai nhiu, cha p ng c nhu cu hc tp qua hnh thc o to t xa. Mun m rng h thng th vic to tng i tng hc tp cng rt quan trng. N l mt phn quan trng trong h thng eLearning .
Trang 12
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Mt cuc kho st s ci tin ca phng php ging dy da trn k thut
Hnh 1.4 M hnh kho st vic ging dy theo phng php e-learning M hnh trn cho thy: Mc hiu qu ca vic ging dy theo phng php Elearning ngy cng cao theo hng pht trin ca cng ngh hin i
Trang 13
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
1.2.3 u v nhc im ca phng php E-learning: u im Nhc im th bt u kho hc, h phi thng tho cc k nng mi. Khng phi i li nhiu v khng phi ngh vic. Hc vin c th tit kim chi ph i li Chi ph k thut cao: tham gia hc trn mng, hc vin phi ci
C th hc bt c lc no, ti bt k ni u. K thut phc tp. Trc khi c
ti ni hc. ng thi, h c th d dng iu t Turbo trn my tnh ca chnh thi gian hc ph hp vi thi gian lm mnh, ti v ci t cc chc nng vic ca mnh. vin ch hc nhng g m h cn. Kh nng truy cp c nng cao. Vic tip hp l s d dng hn i vi nhng ngi khng c kh nng nghe, nhn; nhng ngi kh nng hc nh ngi b mc chng kh c. Plug-ins, v kt ni vo mng. hc vin s cm thy thiu quan h bn b v s tip xc trn lp. Yu cu thc c nhn cao hn: thn hc vin phi c trch nhim hn i vi vic hc ca chnh khn trong vic to ra cho mnh mt lch hc c nh.
Bng 1.1 u v nhc im ca phng php e-Learning
C th t quyt nh vic hc ca mnh. Hc Vic hc c th bun t. Mt s
cn nhng kho hc trn mng c thit k Vic hc qua mng yu cu bn
hc ngoi ng hai; v nhng ngi khng c h. Mt s ngi s cm thy kh
Cc h thng ny p dng cc thnh tu mi trong lnh vc tr tu nhn to, gip a ra cc quyt nh tr gip hc vin hc tp c hiu qu. Phng php ging dy ny cho hiu qu cao nht. V theo s pht trin ca E-learning, mt khi nim c a ra, mang li hiu qu cao v ti u trong cc hot ng hc. Khi nim l Learning Object (LO).
Trang 14
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
1.3 S lc v Learning Objects: 1.3.1 Khi nim: Ni dung hc (Learning Content) c th chia thnh 3 loi chnh l: Digital Asset, Content Object v Learning Object. Digital Asset: l nhng thnh phn th c dng to nn nhng ti nguyn phc tp hn, c dng trong nhiu ng cnh khc nhau. Content Object: l mt Digital Asset trong mt ng cnh c th. Ty theo ng cnh, n c th kt hp vi mt Digital Asset khc hoc thm mt s thng tin mi. Khi , phm vi s dng ca ti nguyn b thu hp li nhng c th re-purposed t c nhng kt qu khc nhau.
Learning Object: Mt Learning Object c learning objective. N tp trung vo mt hot ng da trn digital asset th hoc content object. Khi ngun ti nguyn ch c mt mc tiu duy nht, c th ti s dng nhiu ln. N ch nh mt mc ch hc v ch c th c s dng t c kt qu nh mc ch a ra. Leraning Object c th tham gia vo mt bi hc hay mt kha hc. N c th c kt hp vi cc learning object khc hoc mt hoc ng c th.
1.3.2 Cc tin ch ca LOs: a. i vi gio vin: Tit kim thi gian trong vic pht trin cc thnh phn ca bi hc, kha hc bng vic ti s dng ngun ti nguyn sn c. Khng phi to li nhng ngn ti nguyn sn c. C th chia s nhng vn lin quan n chuyn mn, hc thut. To bi ging c tnh linh ng, c th thay i ni dung mt cch ty thch ph hp vi nhu cu ging dy To bi ging d dng, d s dng gip ngi dng d dng hn trong vic s dng bi ging.
Trang 15
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
b. i vi hc vin:
Tm nhng ti nguyn mt cch chnh xc v c cp nht Tt c ngun ti nguyn u cha thng tin trch dn mt Tm kim thng qua nhng qui tc c nh sn theo
hnh ngy.
cch t m.
kha, tc gi, c. i vi ngi pht trin:

Ti liu c th c xem li v nh gi ng thi. C th cp nht ngun ti nguyn v chc chn rng tt c Bn quyn phi c bo v. Pht sinh li tc nu ngi pht trin a ra mt gi c th
cc ng gp c tch hp trong phin bn cui cng.

v ngi dng mun s dng ngun ti nguyn ca h.
Trang 16
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
1.3.3 u v nhc im ca vic s dng LO trong thit k bi ging u im

Gim chi ph o to. Sau khi pht trin xong, mt kho hc Elearning c th dy 1000 hc vin vi chi ph ch cao hn mt cht so
Nhc im
Chi ph pht trin mt kho hc ln. Vic hc qua mng cn mi m v cn c cc chuyn vin k thut thit k kho hc. Trin khai mt lp hc E-learning c th tn gp 4 - 10 ln so vi mt
vi t chc o to cho 20 hc vin. kho hc thng thng vi ni dung tng ng. Rt ngn thi gian o to. Vic hc Yu cu k nng mi. Nhng ngi c kh nng trn mng c th o to cp tc cho ging dy tt trn lp cha chc c trnh mt lng ln hc vin m khng b thit k kha hc trn mng. Pha c s o to c gii hn bi s lng ging vin hng dn hoc lp hc. Cn t phng tin hn. Cc my hc trn mng c chi ph r hn rt nhiu so vi phng hc, bng, bn gh, v cc c s vt cht khc. Ging vin v hc vin khng phi i li nhiu. th phi o to li mt s ging vin v tm vic mi cho s cn li. Li ch ca vic hc trn mng vn cha c vic hc 3 ngy trn lp c th vn ngn ngi khi b ra mt chi ph tng ng cho mt kho hc trn mng thm ch cn hiu qu hn. i hi phi thit k li chng trnh o to. Vic cc hc vin khng c cc kt ni tc cao i hi pha o to phi lun xy dng li cc kho hc khc phc nhng hn ch . Tng hp c kin thc. Vic hc trn mng c th gip hc vin nm bt c kin thc ca ging vin, d dng sng lc, v ti s dng chng.
Bng 1.2: u im v khuyt im ca LO trong thit k bi ging
ch v phn mm cn thit cho vic khng nh. Cc hc vin hiu c gi tr ca
Trang 17
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
1.3.4 Lnh vc ng dng ca LO Learning Object c ng dng trong nhng nghnh nh: gio dc, kinh doanh,Nhng lnh vc ch yu l trong ngnh Gio Dc. Hin nay c mt s trng i Hc p dng. Mt s t chc c th: 1. Phn vin cng ngh thng tin ti TP. H ch Minh 2. Khoa qun tr kinh doanh ti H Nng 3. H m bn cng TP. H Ch Minh 4. Vin khoa hc v cng ngh - Phn vin TP. H Ch Minh 5. i hc ngoi ng 6. Trung tm thng tin th vin- H ngoi ng H Ni 7. i hc s phm H Ni 8. Khoa Nht H ngoi ng 9. H cng ngh -H quc gia 10. Vietnamese only systems 11. Khoa CNTT- H quc gia TP. H Ch Minh 12. i hc thy li 13. H m a cht V mt s cng ty khc cng ang s dng phn mm Moodle cho vic qun l ca mnh. Mong mun khoa CNTT trng i hc Nng Lm TP.H Ch Minh cng s a LO vo s dng trong vic o to t xa. 1.4 E-book v LO 1.4.1 nh ngha E-book E-book cn gi l sch in t. L mt dng sch c lu di dng in t hoc dng kiu s m c hin th bi cc thit b nh desktop or laptop computer or PDA, phn ng c lu gi trong laptop thit b sch tay. Cc phn mm c c mt cun ebook nh: Adobe PDF, Microsoft Reader, eReader, Mobipocket Reader, Open eBook and OpenReader.
Trang 18
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
1.4.2 u v nhc im ca E-book: a. u im: C th tm kim theo vn bn, ngoi tr nhng vn bn bn trong hnh nh Kch thc nh, chim t khng gian Kch c v kiu ch c th chnh sa. C th phng to, thu nh cho ph hp bng cng c zoom. C th s dng vi nhng phm mm text-to-speech. D dng nh dng li i vi nhng platform c lp. D dng sao chp. Phn pht vi chi ph thp. C th chia s ng thi. b. Khuyt im: Khi c nhiu s lm cho mt ngi c km dn C th khng tng thch vi ci mi Yu cu s cn thn trong vic trnh by v lu tr file trnh hng hoc mt mt. C s hn ch v thi gian c C hn ch trong in n 1.4.3 u im ca LO: t ni dung hc vo nhng n v nh c kh nng self-contained, c lp vi phn trnh by hoc thc thi ca kha hc. C th c s dng c lp, hoc kt hp vi nhng tutorial ln hn. Gim thi gian pht trin. Chia s ngun ti nguyn gia cc t chc.
Trang 19
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Chng 2 PHT BIU BI TON
2.1 t vn Ngy nay t nc ta ang i vo pht trin cng nghip ha, hin i ha. Nhu cu nng cao trnh hc vn ca mi la tui l rt cn thit. Cc cn b, cng nhn vin v cc sinh vin mun c nhng kin thc mi nhng gp kh khn v mt thi giam, khng th tham gia vo cc lp hc cc trng. Chnh v vy, p ng nhu cu hc tp ca mi ngi trong mi lnh vc khc nhau, h thng e-Learning ra i v gii quyt mi kh khn trn. 2.2 M hnh h thng e-Learning
Hnh 2.1 M hnh trin khai e-Learning
Vi s pht trin nhanh v mnh ca h thng e-learning nh hin nay th Learning Object tr thnh khi nim quan trng v rt hu ch trong h thng Elearning. Th gii E-learning v cng rng ln.,trong phm vi nht nh ti s gii quyt cc vn sau: 1. Tm hiu v Learning Objects 2. Tm hiu v Vit Ha cng c Reload Editor trong thit k bi ging 3. Xy dng website cho khoa cng ngh thng tin da trn LMS Moodle
Trang 20
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Chng 3
LEARNING OBJECTS 3.1 Learning Objects: 3.1.1 Cc khi nim: Learning Object(LO): Khng c mt nh ngha c th no v LO, ty vo tng lnh vc ng dng m c nhng nh ngha v cch nhn khc nhau v Learning Objects Trong xy dng kin thc (Instructional Design): LOs c m t l nhng on (chunks) ni dung nh c th chia s c. Trong lnh vc my tnh (Computer Engineering): LO l s m rng ca lp trnh hng i tng thnh lnh vc qun l vic hc. N bao gm c ni dung v x l. Trong Eletrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) : LO l bt k thc th, digital / non- digital m c th c s dng, ti s dng hoc tham kho trong k thut h tr vic hc. Trong ng cnh ca LEARNet: Learning Object l: Nhng n v hc (unit of learning) c kh nng t cha (selfcontained) Mi LO c th c hon thnh mt cch c lp. C th ti s dng: Mt LO c th c s dng trong nhiu ng cnh cho nhiu mc ch. C th c cp nht c kt hp: LO c th c nhm vo nhng tp hp ni dung ln hn, bao gm c cu trc ca nhng kha hc truyn thng. c gn th bng Metadata: mi LO u c thng tin m t cho php n d dng c tm thy.
Trang 21
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Reusable Learning Object (RLO): RLO l LO c truy xut, ti s dng v nh dng li thng qua c s d liu. Vic ti s dng c s dng cho vic to v phn pht LOs. Reusable Information Learning (RIO): Nhng mu ni dung nh c kh nng ti s dng, selt-contained. Mc ch l a ra mc tiu hc. 3.1.2 c im ca Learning Objects: Mc tiu (Objective): c t nhng kt qu t c sau khi hon thnh mt phn, chng, bi hc hay kha hc. Kin thc yu cu trc khi tham gia kha hc (Pre-requisites): ch ra nhng kin thc nn tng yu cu ngi hc phi c c th hiu c LO, hng dn ngi hc gii quyt nhng yu cu lin quan. Kiu v mc tng tc (Interactivity type and level) : ch vic truyn thng tin gia ngi hc v LO. Hu ht cc LO c mt mc tng tc ph hp. V d: Mt hot ng hc s dng mt LO ch yu cu mt web browser n gin c xem l kiu tng tc th ng. Ngc li, mt LO phc tp nh l mt cng c m phng, hoc mt ng dng yu cu nhp v iu khin kt qu. Kiu ti nguyn hc (Learning Resource Type): nh ngha ng cnh s dng cho gio vin hoc hc vin. V d: mt kha hc c nh ngha nh l mt LO c th l tp hp ca cc slide, mt web, hnh nh hoc bng, Tng quan v mt ng ngha (Semantic Desity): o lng mc hiu qu ca LO khi so snh n vi kch c hoc khong thi gian tn ti ca n. Ngi dng cui (End User): m t hai vai tr quan trng ca LO l kiu ngi dng (Type-of-user) v ng cnh s dng (Context-of-use).
Kiu ngi dng: gm gio vin, tc gi v ngi hc. Gio vin s dng LO qun l lp hc. Tc gi s dng LO pht trin cc module ca kha hc. Ng cnh s dng: ch nh mi trng ca ngi s dng kh v thi gian hc (Difficulty and learning time): Mi LO c mt kh tng ng. N cng nh ngha thi gian ti thiu hon thnh bi tp, bi hc, mn hc hay kha hc. kh v thi gian hc tp l khch quan v do ngi bin son to ra.
3.1.3 Thnh phn c bn ca LO Learning Object c hai thnh phn chnh l metadata v content Metadata: c dng tm kim LO, gm cc thnh phn thng tin phin bn) Content: L nhng ti nguyn c kt hp li vi nhau Bao gm: Gii thiu, Cc nh ngha, Cc nhn t, S tng tc , Cc v d, Tng kt, nh gi. a ra mt khi nim
Category, subject: (loi , ch ) Keywords, descriptions (t kha , m t) Author, organization (tc gi, t chc) Creation date, release date Tagging and versioning information( nhn v Preconditions (iu kin tin quyt)
Trang 23
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
3.1.4 Cc m hnh: M hnh ca Learning Object:
Hnh 3.1 M hnh ca LO
Learning Object c nhn di hai kha cnh l gc nhn s phm v gc nhn i tng. Di gc nhn s phm, trng im ca LO l Learning Objective. Content v Assessment l nhng thnh phn nh c xy dng t nhng ngun ti nguyn sn c. Di gc nhn i tng: xut pht t m hnh hng i tng, tp trung pht trin nhng thnh phn nh, c kh nng truy xut, ti s dng, v tng tc gia cc thnh phn.
Trang 24
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
M hnh RLO/RLO ca CISCO:
Hnh 3.2 M hnh RLO/RIO ca CISCO
Trn y l m hnh xy dng mt RLO. i vi nhng nh thit k th mt learning object ca mt kha hc c chuyn thnh RLO. V d, trong mt kha hc, m hnh learning object c dng chia ni dung kha hc thnh 40 RLO. Mi RLO c t chc xung quanh mt mc tiu thc thi. iu c ngha l c tt c 40 mc tiu thc hin c ch nh trong ton b kha hc. Mt cch khc hnh dung m hnh RLO nh sau:
Bng3.1 S tng quan gia m hnh RLO vi m hnh th vin
Trang 25
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Nt c trng trong m hnh RLO l mc tiu thc hin. V d: mc tiu thc hin ca kha hc Qui hoch v qun l d n l xc nh t d n. Mc tiu ny c chuyn thnh RLO, cha cc i tng thng tin(RIO) sau:
Hnh 3.3 Xy dng RLO/RIO trong kha hc Qui hoch v qun l d n
Trong m hnh trn th RLO c xy dng t cc RIO sau: Overview, Lesson, Case Study, Project Lab, Resources.
Trang 26
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
M hnh hot ng hc:
Hnh 3.4 M hnh hot ng hc
M hnh trn minh ha s kt hp ni dung thnh nhng i tng mc cao hn. Hai im cn ch trong m hnh trn l: Mi quan h t l nghch gia ng cnh v kh nng ti s dng. Qui trnh qun l cc thnh phn th (cha ni dung) ngy cng tr nn phc tp khi kt hp ni dung vi ng cnh. 3.1.5 Phng php lun: to nn nhng LO va nh, c kh nng ti s dng m vn cha y ng ngha v mt s phm, v a chng vo bi ging c thit k tt cn tun theo nhng nguyn tc sau: Cohesion: S kt dnh Decoupling: Kh nng phn r Repuposability: Kh nng ti s dng li mc ch Cohesion: mi n v ch nn m nhn 1 vic, do mi LO nn gn vi mt mc tiu r rng. Khi nhiu LO c cng mc tiu c th kt hp vi nhau.
Decoupling: l vic lm gim n mc ti thiu s ph thuc. Mc ph thuc ca LO(A) vo mt LO khc(B) c o bng lng thng tin c trong LO (B). y l nguyn tc ch cht mt LO c kh nng ti s dng.LO tr nn c lp, khi a vo bt c u u c y ni dung v chc nng t c mc tiu ca n. Nhng LO tun theo nhng nguyn tc kt dnh v phn r c th c chn v sp xp a vo nhng bi hc khc nhau. Repurposability: mt LO va c kh nng kt dnh, va c kh nng phn r m vn m bo a dng v mt s phm. Ngha l n cung cp thm nhiu chn la ngi dy c th gn vo nhng ng cnh khc nhau. l kh nng ti s dng mc ch (mc d i khi cc LO rt chuyn bit v kh ti s dng li mc ch).
Trang 28
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Cu trc phn cp ca mt bi ging c xy dng ti u kt qu hc,gn vi nhu cu ca ngi dng
Hnh 3.5 Cu trc phn cp ca mt bi ging
Trang 29
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
3.1.6 Cu trc ca Learning Object: Cu trc ca Learning Object c xt theo 2 kha cnh: gio dc v k thut V kha cnh gio dc: Learning Object di gc gio dc gm 3 thnh phn: Objective, Content, v Assessment.
Hnh 3.6 Cu trc v mt gio dc ca Learning Object
Mc tiu (Objective): cha kt qu t c ca LO. Mc tiu ny phi trnh by r rng, va phi nhng g m ngi dng c th lm sau khi hon tt LO. Ni dung (Content): bao gm cc thnh phn ging dy c kt hp vi nhau nh: vn bn, hnh nh, s m phng, cu hi, tr chi,ph hp vi mc tiu ra. Assessment (nh gi): chc chn rng ngi dng t nhng k nng t ra trong mc tiu.
Trang 30
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
V kha cnh k thut: xem cc LO c ng gi vi nhau nh th no, ta xt mt gi ni dung nh sau:
Hnh 3.7 Cu trc k thut ca Leaning Object
Cc thnh phn: Manifest: l file XML (imsmanifest.xml) mc cao nht c t cho vic ng gi ni dung. N iu hng cho H Thng qun l vic hc (Learning Management System-LMS) xc nh cc ngun ti nguyn. Meta-data: cung cp thng tin v gi ni dung. Organizations: l thnh phn cha d liu v cu trc ni dung trong gi. Cu trc ny c th l bng ni dung hoc cu trc ty thch. Resources: l dng dn ch n v tr m ni dung tht s c ly. Physical Files: cc file vt l c s dng bn trong gi ni dung.
Trang 31
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
3.1.7 Hin thc: Thc hin trin khai cng Learning Object trn 2 mi trng khc nhau: mi trng Web Browser v mi trng LMS Trin khai trong mi trng Web-Browser:
Hnh 3.8 Learning Object trong mi trng Web-Browser.
LO c son t nhng file flash, audio, html, hnh nh khc nhau c ng gi bng m java script to nn mt kha hc hon chnh vi 2 khung ca s. Khung bn tri c dng hin th ch mc ca kha hc. Khung bn phi c dng hin th ni dung ca tiu c chn. Ni dung ca ton b kha hc c t trong mt th mc. Hc vin c ton quyn truy xut ti tt c cc LO. Thi gian hc do hc vin xp lch.
Trang 32
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Trin khai trn mi trng LMS
Hnh 3.9 Learning Object trong LMS
LO gm cc file html, hnh nh, flash, java script c nn bng cng c son tho nh Reload Editor, v c upload ln LMS. LMS gii nn v hin th LO. Kha hc s ko di trong mt thi gian nht nh do ging vin a ra. 3.1.8 V d minh ha: Xt mt v d minh ha cho vic p dng LO trong kha hc Cc thnh phn UML. Kha hc bao gm 3 phn vi 8 chng. Mi chng s chia thnh cc LO nh (c tt c 39 LO). Sau y l cu trc ca kha hc:
Trang 33
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 3.10 Cu trc kha hc
Cc LO s c t chc nh sau:
Hnh 3.11 T chc cc Learning Object
Trang 34
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Do kha hc c chia thnh nhiu LO nn vic thit lp cc thnh phn Objective, Content, v Assessmenet cho mi LO l tng khng tt. Do , tp hp vi LO vo mt chng v thit lp Objective, Content, Assessment mc chng. S tng tc gia ngi hc vi LO c th hin nh sau:
Hnh 3.12 S tng tc gia hc vin v Learning Object
3.2 Learning Object Metadata (LOM) 3.2.1 nh ngha: Metadata (y hn l Learning Object Metadata) do IEEE LTSC xut. N cung cp thng tin m t cho cc i tng hc tp, lm cho cc i tng ny c th phn bit c vi nhau, c th tm kim c khi cn thit. V d nh mt bi hc ngoi ni dung i km, c th b sung thm cc thng tin nh mc kh, thi gian hon thnh bi hc, ai l tc gi bi hc, bi hc ni v g
Trang 35
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
V d : metadata ca cun sch s bao gm: tc gi, ta sch, s ISBN, ni dung ca bng , tnh tham chiu, th mc, ngi xut bn, s trang, danh sch cc hnh, bng v bng ch dn. C Learners v authors c th s dng metadata khi tm kim LO. Trong sut tin trnh ca mnh, authors c th tm mn hc c th, bi hc, media hoc bt k learning objects c gn metadata trong c s d liu ca h. Tng t, sinh vin c th tm bi ging mn hc, bi hc ring l.
3.2.2 Cc thnh phn c bn ca metadata Cc chun metadata xc nh nhiu thnh phn yu cu v tu chn. By gi, chng ta xem xt qua mt s thnh phn chnh trong chun IEEE 1484.12. 1. Title: tn mn hc 2. Language: xc nh ngn ng c s dng bn trong mn hc v c th c thng tin thm (nh Anh th c Anh-Anh hoc Anh-M) 3. Description: bao gm m t v mn hc 4. Keyword: gm cc t kha h tr cho vic tm kim 5. Structure: m t cu trc bn trong ca mn hc: tun t, phn cp v nhiu hn na. 6. Aggregation Level: xc nh kch thc ca n v: 4 tc l mn hc, 3 l bi hc, 2 l ch . 7. Version: xc nh phin bn ca mn hc 8. Format: Qui nh cc nh dng file c dng trong mn hc. Chng l cc nh dng MIME 9. Size: l kch thc tng ca ton b cc file trong mn hc 10. Location: ghi a ch web m hc vin c th truy cp mn hc 11. Requirement: lit k cc th t nh trnh duyt v h iu hnh cn thit c th chy c mn hc 12. Duration: qui nh cn bao nhiu thi gian tham gia mn hc 13. Cost: ghi xem mn hc c ph hay mim ph. 3.3 Cc chun thng dng hin nay :
3.3.1 Chun IMS Gii thiu: IMS (Instructional Management System) Global Learning Consortium pht trin v xc tin cc c t m (khng phi chun) h tr cc hot ng hc tp phn tn trn mng nh nh v v s dng ni dung gio dc, theo di qu trnh hc tp, thng bo kt qu hc tp v trao i thng tin v hc vin gia cc h thng qun l. IMS c hai mc tiu chnh: Xy dng cc c t phc v cho vic kh chuyn gia cc ng dng v cc dch v hc tp phn tn. a cc c t ca IMS vo cc dch v trn ton th gii. IMS xc tin vic thc thi cc c t sao cho mi trng hc tp phn tn ni dung t nhiu ngun khc nhau c th hiu nhau Bn thn SCORM a nhiu c t ca IMS vo bn trong m hnh. Cc c t ca IMS: IMS ng vai tr rt quan trng trong vic a ra cc c t trong eLearning. Cc c t sau c t chc cp cao hn nh ADL, IEEE, ISO s dng, chng nhn thnh chun eLearning dng qui m rng ri.
Trang 37
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
STT Tn c t 1 MetaData v1.2.1
Chc nng Cc thuc tnh m t cc ti nguyn hc tp (learning resource) h tr cho vic tm kim v pht hin cc ti nguyn hc tp. Cc nh dng dng trao i thng tin v hc vin, kha hc gia cc thnh phn ca h thng. Cc ch dn ng gi v trao i ni dung hc tp (learning content) Cc nh dng v xy dng v trao i thng tin v nh gi kt qu hc tp. Thng tin lin quan n hc vin nh kh nng, kt qu hc tp. L mt khung (framework) trao i cc kt qu hc tp ca hc vin s dng cc nh ngha v cc mc tiu gio dc.
Enterprise v1.1
3 4 5 6
ContentPackage v1.1.3 Question and Test Interoperability v1.2 Learning Information Package (LIP) v1.0 Reusable Definitiom of competency or Educational Objective
v1.0 Simple sequencing v1.0 Xc nh cc i tng hc tp c sp xp v trnh by tng ng vi tng hc vin nh th no Gn kt vic hc trn mng vi cc ti nguyn thng tin Cc nh ngha dng m t vic thit k ging dy v hc tp. a thm cc c im cho c t LIP gp d liu bao gm cc yu cu thay i ca hc vin, iu kin s dng, cng ngh.
Bng 3.2 Cc c t ca IMS
8 9 10
Learning Design v1.0 Learning Design v1.0 Assessiblity for Learner Information Package v1.0
Trang 38
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
3.3.2 Chun SCORM Khi nim: SCORM l mt m hnh tham kho cc chun k thut, cc c t v cc hng dn c lin quan a ra bi cc t chc khc nhau dng p ng cc yu cu mc cao ca ni dung hc tp v cc h thng thng qua cc t ilities Tnh truy cp c (Accessibility): Kh nng nh v v truy cp cc ni dung ging dy t mt ni xa v phn phi n ti cc v tr khc. Tnh thch ng c (Adaptability): Kh nng cung cp cc ni dung ging dy ph hp vi yu cu ca tng c nhn v t chc. Tnh kinh t (Affordability): Kh nng tng hiu qu v nng sut bng cch gim thi gian v chi ph lin quan n vic phn phi cc ging dy. Tnh bn vng (Durability): Kh nng tr vng vi s pht trin ca s pht trin v thay i ca cng ngh m khng phi thit k li tn km, cu hnh li. Tnh kh chuyn (Interoperability): Kh nng lm cho cc thnh phn ging dy ti mt ni vi mt tp cng c hay platform v s dng chng ti mt ni khc vi mt tp cc cng c hay platform. Tnh s dng li (Reusability): Kh nng mm do trong vic kt hp cc thnh phn ging dy trong nhiu ng dng v nhiu ng cnh khc nhau.
Trang 39
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 3.13 M hnh tng tc ca ngi hc ti SCORM thng qua www Trn hnh v th hin tng rt to ln m ADL ni chung, SCORM ni ring hng ti. Bn tay tri m t cc hc sinh, cng nhn, nhn vin vn phng c yu cu truy cp ni dung hc tp h cn. H s gi yu cu ca h cho Server. Server s tm trc ht trong c s d liu ca mnh. Nu khng c Server s tm tip trn www. Sau khi tm xong, Server x l v tr v kt qu cho cc hc vin. Qu trnh trn s din ra nhanh m bo tnh thi gian thc(real-time).
Th gii ca SCORM l mt tp hp cc dch v khi chy learning content, theo di tin trnh ca ngi hc, tnh ton trnh t phn pht cc learning object, v bo co s thnh tho ca hc vin thng qua learning experience.
Hnh 3.14 Cc dch v SCORM trong mi trng LMS
Trang 40
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
SCORM cn c chun ha khi chy v theo di learning experience mt cch trc tip, nh ngha hnh vi v nguyn tc l lun ca learning experience phc tp ni dung c th ti s dng, di chuyn, tm kim v ti t chc cu kt.
Cc thnh phn ca SCORM: SCORM c m t nh mt gi sch c t chc t cc t chc khc nhau nh AICC, IMS v IEEE. Gm 3 phn: Overview Tng quan : quan tm n m hnh, tm nhn tng quan, Content Aggregation Model M hnh ni dung kt hp :lm th no sp xp cc learning content vi nhau chng c th di chuyn v ti s dng. Run time Environment Mi trng chy thc: lm th no ni dung c khi chy v tin trnh ca ngi hc c theo di v bo co li.
Hnh 3.15: Cc thnh phn ca SCORM
A. Content Aggregation Model CAM: c t u tin l Learning Object Meta-data LOM (ca IEEE, Dublin Core, IMS). LOM l th vin cc th c dng c t ni dung hc theo nhiu cch khc nhau.
c t th hai ca CAM c gi l ni kt XML XML binding i vi cc th meta-data (ca IMS). nh ngha lm th no m ha cc th trong XML. c t th ba trong CAM l IMS Content Package. N nh ngha lm th no ng gi tp hp cc learning object, meta-data v thng tin lm th no phn pht ni dung ti ngi hc. B. Run time Environment: SCORM tp trung vo 2 c im ca thao tc gia cc thnh phn ca ni dung hc l: nh ngha m hnh kt hp ng gi ni dung nh ngha mt API truyn thng tin gia learning object v cc LMS khi chy n SCORM chia th gii ca cng ngh hc thnh 2 phn: Learning Management System LMS: bt k h thng no theo di thng tin ngi hc, c th khi chy v truyn thng tin SCOs, trnh din kin thc ca SCOs tip theo Sharedable Content Objects SCOs: l mt dng chun ha ca reusable learning obejct Biu ca SCOs
Hnh 3.16: Biu hot ng ca SCO
Trang 42
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
1.Run time Environment API: Trong qu trnh pht trin SCORM, chun l cn thit trao i thng tin ni dung gia ngi hc v LMS ADL lm vic vi AICC pht trin mt web thn thin s dng JavaScript. Mt giao din ng dng c nh ngha cung cp mt phng thc chun truyn thng tin vi LMS m khng quan tm n cng c c s dng pht trin ni dung. 2.Run time Environment Data Model: Mt khi ng lin kt truyn thng tin c thit lp thng qua API, n cn bit thng tin cn truyn l g. V d nh: im, s thnh tho, ni dung. Mc ch s dng ca SCORM: lu tr v vn chuyn ni dung c dng nh l t chc ni dung phn pht thng qua LMS
Trang 43
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
3.4 H thng qun l vic hc (LMS- Learning Management Systems) 3.4.1 nh ngha: LMS l thnh phn trong h thng E-learning qun l o to. LMS qun l vic ng k kha hc ca hc vin, tham gia cc chng trnh c s hng dn ca ging vin, tham d cc hot ng a dng mang tnh tng tc trn my tnh v thc hin cc bng nh gi. Hn th na, LMS cng gip cc nh qun l v cc ging vin thc hin cc cng vic kim t, gim st, thu nhn kt qu hc tp, bo co ca hc vin v nng cao hiu qu vic ging dy. 3.4.2 Phn loi: C nhiu loi LMS/LCMS khc nhau. C rt nhiu vn khc nhau trong cc LMS v LCMS do kh so snh y , chnh xc. im khc nhau gia cc sn phm da trn cc c tnh sau: Kh nng m rng Chun m h thng tun theo H thng ng hay m Tnh thn thin ngi dng S h tr cc ngn ng khc nhau Kh nng cung cp cc m hnh hc Gi c
Trang 44
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
3.4.3 c im ca LMS: Qun l hc vin: Bao gm vic ghi li nhng thng tin chi tit v hc vin nh: h tn, ngh nghip, a ch lin lc, cung cp tn truy cp v mt khu. Theo di tin trnh hc ca hc vin, ghi li cc ln cn truy cp, vo cc kha hc, ghi nhn cc ng gi thng qua cc cu tr li trn cc bi kim tra t nh gi, hay trn cc bi tp, bi thi cui kha. Cc kt qu kim tra ny cho bit hc vin c hon thnh kha hc hay khng. Qun l v theo di kha hc: Qun l ni dung kha hc, ghi li cc thng tin chi tit v kha hc nh: Mc tiu, kt qu s t c sau khi kt thc bi hc, chng, kha hc iu kin, kin thc yu cu cn chun b trc khi tham gia kha hc. Ch n thi gian hc, thng thng ch thi lng ti thiu cn thit hon thnh kha hc.
Trang 45
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
3.4.4 Chc nng ca LMS ng k: hc vin ng k hc tp thng qua mi trng web. Qun tr vin v gio vin cng qun l hc vin thng qua mi trng web Lp k hoch: lp lch cc cua hc v to chng trnh o to nhm p ng cc yu cu ca t chc v c nhn. Phn phi: phn phi cc cua hc trc tuyn, cc bi thi v cc ti nguyn khc Theo di: Theo di qu trnh hc tp ca hc vin v to cc bo co Trao i thng tin: Trao i thng tin bng chat, din n, e-mail, chia s mn hnh v e-seminar Kim tra: cung cp kh nng kim tra v nh gi kt qu hc tp ca hc vin. Ni dung: to v qun l cc i tng hc tp (thng ch c trong LCMS) 3.4.5 Mt vi h thng LMS hin nay: Hin nay cc h thng LMS m ngun m Atutor, Itias, LRN, v Moodle ang c nh gi rt cao, v chim mt s lng ln ngi dng trn ton th gii. c ng dng rng ri ti nhiu trng i hc ln, nhiu cng ty t chc ca nhiu nc trn th gii. Atutor: L mt m hnh o to da trn Web. c nh gi l mt trong cc LCMS tt trong h thng cac phn mm ELearning m ngun m. Vi phn mm ATutor ngi qun tr c th ci t v cp nht mt cch nhanh chng, ngi gio vin c th d dng tng hp ni dung kin thc da trn web, ngi hc vin c th hc trong mt mi trng thn thin va ph hp.
Trang 46
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
ATutor c pht trin trn mi trng Apache, PHP, MySQL. Atutor ha hn cung cp nhiu tinh nng, phng phap day hoc, ni dung bai giang, ci t d dng, v tim nng pht trin cao. Tuy nhin giao din ngi dng cha thc s trc quan va thn thin, nhng nhn chung, ton b chc nng cung cp kha hoan thin v c pht trin theo chun. L mt trong s t cc LMS h tr cc gi ni dung theo nh dng IMS/ SCORM . c vit theo modun cht ch v vy c kh nng m rng cao, c nhiu tnh nng c nh gi cao. Moodle cng l mt LMS, Moodle l mt s thay th cho cc gii php o to trn mng thng mi, v c phn phi min ph di bn quyn m ngun m. Mt t chc c quyn truy cp hon ton m ngun v c th thay i nu cn thit. Thit k c tnh module, gip d dng to cc cua hc mi, a ni dung gip hc vin tham gia nhit tnh hn. .
Trang 47
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Chng 4
TM HIU V VIT HA CNG C RELOAD EDITOR 4.1 Cng c Reload Editor 4.1.1 ReLoad Editor RELOAD l mt d n c ti tr bi JISC Exchange for Learning Programme. Mc ch ca d n l pht trin cc cng c da trn cc c t k thut hc tp mi ra i. Hin ti d n c qun l bi Bolton Institute. RELOAD Editor l phn mm m ngun m, vit bng Java, cho php bn to v chnh sa cc gi tun theo c t SCORM 1.2, SCORM 2004. ReLoad Editor: m ngun m v sn c trn trang web http://www.reload.ac.uk/
4.1.2
nh ngha:
ReLoad Editor l mt ng dng java, nn c chy trn nn ng dng Java , Reload Editor l mt cng c dng ng gi bi ging theo 2 chun IMS v SCORM, san tho Metadata, khng phi l LMS. Reload Editor ng vai tr rt quan trng, gip chng ta nghin cu v thc thi chun e-learning tin li hn. 4.1.3 Mc ch ca Reload Editor Mc ch chnh ca d n Reload l hon thnh mt trnh son tho Content Package (ng gi ni dung) v Metadata. Trnh son tho RELOAD cho php ngi dng t chc, tng hp v ng gi cc i tng hc tp tun theo chun ng gi ca IMS v SCORM c km vi Metadata
Trang 48
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
4.2 Cc thnh phn ca Reload Editor 4.2.1 Reload Editor cung cp 4 thnh phn h tr cho vic ng gi ni dung:
IMS Metadata:
Cung cp cu trc cc thnh phn nh ngha m t ngun ti nguyn hc, cng vi yu cu lm th no cc thnh phn c s dng v trnh by.
IMS Content Package: Cung cp chc nng m t v ng gi cc nguyn liu hc mt
kha hc ring l hay tp hp cc kha hc thnh cc gi c kh nng tng tc vi nhau v c kh nng phn pht.Content Package lu tr c t, cu trc v v tr ca nguyn liu hc trn mng.
SCORM Content Package Mt khung lm vic mc cao, c dng ng gi ni dung v
c chng thc bi chnh ph M nh l mt phng tin kim tra ni dung v cc dch v thuc ngnh gio dc. IMS Content Package v Meta-data l nhng yu t ct li ca SCORM, c s dng trong nhng tnh hung khc nhau bn trong SCORM.
IMS Learning Design
c t ny kt hp mt EML vi c t IMS sn c (Meta-data, Content Package, Simple Sequencing). c t ny h tr cho phng php gio dc trn phm vi rng, nng cp s trao i v thao tc gia cc ti nguyn ca elearning. N h tr c ch phn pht hn hp kt hp phng php truyn thng nh mt i mt vi mi trng n v a ngi hc. Vi c t ny nhiu phng php gio dc c trnh by trong mt Unit of Learning n gin, nhiu phng php khc nhau tng thch vi nhiu tc v hc khc nhau. 4.2.2 Chc nng ca Reload Editor
Reload cung cp nhng chc nng sau: ng gi ni dung c to bi nhng cng c khc nhau. Repurpose ni dung sn c thng qua vic xc nhn v t chc li. Chun b ni dung lu tr vo kho cha nh l moodle. Phn pht ni dung n ngi dng cui nh kh nng save Content Package Preview.
Hnh 4.1 Chc nng ca Reload Editor
Mt Content Package l mt tp hp cc ti nguyn c th vn chuyn t mt v tr ny sang mt v tr khc trong khi vn duy tr cu trc v cc mi lin h bn trong n. Khi to Content Package chng ta to ra mt khng gian lu gi cc file v n l mc gc hay cn gi l Package Interchange File (PIF). Khi xy dng Content Package th tt c cc tp tin m chng ta s dng c lu th mc hin hnh nhng gc ca n c th l bt c v tr no trn my cc b (i vi trng hp ti nguyn cc b bn trong). Loi ti nguyn bn ngoi c th c tham chiu bi hyperlink. Khi to Content Package Reload Editor t ng to file imsmanifest.xml. Imsmanifest.xml: nh mt bng k khai lu tr thng tin cho Content Package. File ny bt buc phi c v c t gc ca PIF.
Trang 50
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
to Content Package, trc tin phi nhp ni dung. Mc ch cui cng ca Content Package bn trong LMS. Content Package s c t trong kho cha d tm kim v ti s dng. Thm metadata vo Content Package to thng tin ngi s dng c s d liu c th tm kim. SCORM c xy dng da trn c t ca IMS Content Package nn rt ging nhau. Tuy nhin c mt s khc bit quan trng: SCORM c th l mt trong 2 loi: resource package v content aggregation package Metadata c th lu tr thnh file bn ngoi v c tham chiu, tt hn l lu tr bn trong Content Package nh l mt phn ca manifest chnh. SCORM h tr thm 5 phn t cung cp thng tin v cc hnh vi ca package. C th nh sau: iu kin tin quyt Thi gian ti a c php Hnh ng khi n thi gian hn nh D liu t LMS Hnh ng iu khin (Mastery score)
SCORM c s dng cho 2 mc ch: LMS SCORM resource package kh n gin: manifest cung cp ni dung ca metadata v m t cc file trong cu trc resource.Phn t organization th rng v khng c thng tin, SCORM Aggregation Package th phc tp hn, c t nht mt organization m t cu trc ni dung. SCORM Aggregation Package tng t IMS Content Package nhng c s dng cc phn t m rng. lu tr v vn chuyn ni dung nh l asset c dng nh l t chc ni dung phn pht thng qua
Trang 51
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Phng thc ng gi ca Reload Editor: Trong lc ng gi, cng c Reload t ng thm tp tin: imsmanifest.xml: ct li ca ni dung (Content Package), lu tr tt c cc thng tin v i tng mun ng gi v cc tp tin, th mc c lin quan n i tng ny. Tn imsmanifest.xml c tnh bt buc v tp tin ny phi xut hin gc ca bt k gi ni dung hp l no. Ngoi ra, Reload Editor cn to 3 tp tin khc, mi tp tin ny u c cp n trong tp tin manifest: imscp_v1p1.xsd: bn sao cc b ca ti liu lc XML gi ni dung (c cp trong tp tin manifest) imsmd_v1p1.xsd: bn sao cc b ca ti liu lc XML metadata (c cp trong tp tin manifest) ims_xml.xsd: bn sao cc b ca ti liu lc XML (c cp trong tp tin manifest) M hnh mt LO c ng gi bi Reload Editor
Trang 52
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 4.2 Cu trc mt LO c ng gi bi Reload Editor
Thm na, Reload Editor cho php thm vo Metadata trong khi ng gi: tn metadata v phin bn (version) ca n 4.3 S lp ca Reload Editor 4.3.1 S lp tng quan:
Hnh 4.3 Class Diagrama to file xml
Trang 53
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
4.3.2 S lp xy dng file xml document

XMLDocum ent
(from jdom)
_doc : Document _dirty : boolean _file : File
XMLActiveDocum ent
(from jdom)
Schema Docum ent

(from moonuni t)
s chem aController : SchemaController
Metadata
(from xml)
Content Package
(from contentpackaging)
m d_com m ents : String
cp_com m ent : String cp_Core : CP_Core
SCORM12_Package
(from scorm)
Learning Des ign

(from learningdesign)
s corm _com m ents : String init()
ld_comm ent : String
Hnh 4.4 S to file document
Trang 54
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
4.3.3 S lp xy dng Learning Design:
Hnh 4.5 s lp Learning Design
Trang 55
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
4.3.4 Cc class Controller: Cc class Controller c th, thao tc trn tng loi Schema ring bit, h tr xy dng file XML Document.
SchemaNode
(f rom schema)
SchemaElement
(f rom schema)
SchemaAttribute
(f rom schema)
VocabularyList SchemaModel
(f rom schema) (f rom v ocab)
Vocabulary SchemaController Schema Document

(from moonunit) (f rom moonunit) (f rom v ocab)
schemaController : SchemaController
_schemaModel : SchemaModel _vocabulary : Vocabulary _schemaHelper : SchemaHelper
SchemaHelper
(f rom moonunit)
HelperProfile
(f rom moonunit)
ProfiledSchemaController
(f rom moonunit)
LD_SchemaController
(f rom learningdesign)
_helperProfile getHelperProfile()
getProfileName()
MD_SchemaController
(f rom xml)
CP_SchemaController
(f rom contentpackaging)
_mdController getSchemaControllerInstance()
Hnh 4.6 S lp Controller
Trang 56
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
4.4 Vit ha cng c Reload Editor 4.4.1 Tng quan: Reload Editor l mt phn mm ng gi s dng, cho m ngun, c vit bng ngn ng Java nhng khng phi l mt framework c xy dng sn c th pht trin. Do vy, vic tm hiu m ngun ca Reload Editor Vit Ha v pht trin gp rt nhiu kh khn. Khng c framework nn vic hiu cu trc cng nh hiu c ca ngi vit chng trnh cn nhiu thi gian. tin cho vic Vit Ha cng c ny phi chnh sa mt vi phng thc. iu ny dn n m ngun b thay i, khng nh m ngun ban u. Phi xy dng m hnh framework c ci nhn tng qut hn, c th hn v r rng hn v h thng. 4.4.2 Vit Ha Reload Editor: Cu trc t chc v vai tr ca cc gi trong Reload Editor: M ngun ca Reload c t chc thnh cc module nh sau: docs : cha cc ti liu khc nhau. diva : cha cc tin ch cho ton th. y l module c lp hon ton vi cc module khc ngoi tr module jdom. N cha cc class v cc th tc tin ch c dng trong bt k ng dng java no. Khng c Swing hay UI y. dweezil: cng c v th vin giao din. Cng nh gi diva, n cng c lp hon ton vi cc module khc, ngoi tr module jdom. y l ni cha giao din(UI) , cc class v th tc trn giao din, c s dng trong bt c ng dng Swing c bn no editor: dng son tho Metadata, IMS Content Package, SCORM Package, IMS Learning Design. jdom : Cc th tc JDOM XML, c lp hon ton vi cc module khc, cha cc class tin ch, cc class lin quan n gi th vin DOM.
Trang 57
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
moonunit: c lp hon ton vi cc module khc ngoi tr dweezil v jdom, thao tc vi XML, Schema, JDOM v Castor. Cch thc hin th ni dung trn giao din ca Reload Edior Tiu trn thanh menu, trn cc hp thoi, cc thng bo c hin th bng cch thng qua class Message.java. Lp ny s khi to mt RESOURCE BUNDLE da trn BUNDLE NAME _ l chui String ch ng dn n mt file c nh dng properties. File ny s t chc lu tr thng tin di dng key=value . Lp Message s ly thng tin ca value thng qua phng thc getString (String key). V d: Trong gi dweezil cha file messages.properties v class Message.java c messages.properties. Messages.properties: uk.ac.reload.dweezil.UndoMenuManager.0=Undo uk.ac.reload.dweezil.UndoMenuManager.1=Redo #================================================ uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.0=Error opening native browser on Windows uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.1=Error opening native browser on Mac uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.2=Error opening native browser on Mozilla uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.3=Unknown Operating System uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.4=View File #================================================ uk.ac.reload.dweezil.gui.YesAllNoDialog.0=Yes uk.ac.reload.dweezil.gui.YesAllNoDialog.1=Yes to All uk.ac.reload.dweezil.gui.YesAllNoDialog.2=No uk.ac.reload.dweezil.gui.YesAllNoDialog.3=Cancel ........
Trang 58
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Messages.java public class Messages { private static final String BUNDLE_NAME =
ng dn n file Messages.properties
"uk.ac.reload.dweezil.messages"; //$NON-NLS-1$ private static final ResourceBundle RESOURCE_BUNDLE = ResourceBundle.getBundle(BUNDLE_NAME); private Messages() {} /** * @param key The Key * @return A Message String */ public static String getString(String key) { try { return RESOURCE_BUNDLE.getString(key); } catch(MissingResourceException e) { return '!' + key + '!'; } } } Nh vy: Khi cn hin th mt thng tin no (chng hn: Unknown Operating System), ch cn gi Messages.getString(uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.3). V uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.3 l key ca Unknow Operating System.
Key ca value cn ly
Trang 59
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
C th c cc file Messages.properties v Messages.java cc package nh sau: Cc thng bo li khi khi chy h thng, thng tin hp thoi, thng tin ca s trng thi (StatusWindow): c lu trong gi dweezil. Cc thng tin hin th cc khung, cc thng bo, cc hnh ng, tiu trn thanh menu lin quan n giao din son tho Metadata, Content Package c lu trong gi editor. Cc thng tin thao tc trn Schema c lu trong gi moonunit. Ch : Gi editor/properties cha 2 file l rb.properties v EditorProperties.java. Trong rb.properties cha thng tin v Project RELOAD v ng dn n cc file cn thit. Do class EditorProperties ngoi phng thc ly gi tr dng chui cn c phng thc ly file tng ng theo chui. EditorProperties.java: public class EditorProperties { static ResourceBundleManager props = new ResourceBundleManager(System.getProperty("editor.properties.file")); public static String getString(String key) { try { return props.getString(key); } catch(MissingResourceException e) { return '!' + key + '!'; } } public static File getFileProperty(String key) { return props.getFileProperty(key); } } Nh vy trong ton b project c 3 file messages.properties v 3 class Messages.java 3 gi khc nhau.
Giao din mn hnh son tho c thc hin bng cch c value ca cc element t file xml c lu tr trong folder helpers.
Hnh 4.7 Cu trc th mc trong folder Helper
Cu trc ca folder helpers nh sau: Folder profile cha cc file xml nh ngha cc element cn thit, v d: cp/profile cha 3 file l IMS LRM Profile.xml, LTSN Profile.xml, UKCMF Profile.xml. Folder schemahelper cha file xml nh ngha cc element v ngha ca cc element , v d: IMS MD Helper.xml Folder vocab cha cc file xml nh ngha b t vng cho cc element. V d: IMS LRM Vocab.xml. Lu : c mt s element khng nh ngha trong xml s phi c t file schema. C th l i vi phn ng gi bng SCORM, s c 5 element v danh sch cc gi tr ca n (nu c) s c t schema adlcp_rootv1p2.xsd.Bao gm: prerequisites, maxtimeallowed, timelimitaction, datafromlms, masteryscore.
Trang 61
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Gi tr cc element trong profile s c ly bng cch s dng i tng MD_ProfileElement. i tng ny s cha mt element, v cc phng thc xc nh tn element, ng dn XML ca element l thuc tnh path ca element, xem element c phi l group hay khng, v cc element con ca n. V cch thc ca n l duyt qua ln lt tt c cc element l con ca root. Nu element no l group th s c danh sch cc element con v c th mi element li l mt i tng MD_ProfileElement. Nu element l group th thc hin quy phng thc addGroup (MD_ProfiledElement) , nu element khng l group th thc hin addField(MD_ProfiledElement) to thnh phn tng ng trong document.
Gi tr cc element trong schema helper s c ly thng qua phng thc getValueHelper(XMLPath path, String key) ca class SchemaHelper.java vi path l ng dn ca element v key l kha ly gi tr tng ng. Key c th l Tip, Widget, Frame hoc MaxLength.
Gi tr ca b t vng ca cc element s c ly thng qua 2 i tng l Vocabulay v VocabularyList. Vocabulary sau khi load file xml s thc hin phng thc loadLists, dng i tng TreeMap gi l _vocabList lu tr b t vng ca cc element. u tin s thc hin map cc list do VocabularyList nh ngha gm:
LangList l mng String[] c c bng cch ti s dng phng thc getISOLanguages() ca i tng Locale sn c
public static String[] ISO_LANGS = Locale.getISOLanguages();

YesNoList l mng String[] {, yes, no}; TrueFalseList l mng String[]{, true, false};
Sau thc hin lu tr ln lt cc phn t vocabList trong file xml vi key l gi tr thuc tnh name ca element v value l mt i tng VocabularyList, trong cha tn ca vocabList, danh sch cc item v gi tr mc nh.
Trang 62
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Ngoi ra, s phi thc hin mt vic na l map ng dn ca vocabList. Map ny s c dng khi kt ni vocabularyList vi element tng ng. N cng l mt TreeMap c tn l _pathListMap. Duyt ln lt cc phn t element trong file xml, lu tr vo _pathListMap vi key l chui gi tr thuc tnh path v value l chui gi tr thuc tnh list ca element. Ring i vi giao din san tho IMS Learning Design th cc thnh phn hin th trn giao din c ghi m cng. Do , c th Vit Ha c phi xy dng li tan b b t ng cho Learning Design da trn thit k sn c.
Trang 63
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
4.4.3 Qu trnh thc hin Vit Ha Hng gii quyt vn : s dng i tng Resource Bundle sn c i vi nhng phn s dng Resource Bundle c file properties v hin th ln giao din, khi thc hin chuyn ngn ng ta s thc hin cng on chuyn i Resource Bundle bng cch chuyn Bundle Name ch n file properties khc.C th chuyn sang ting Vit, ta phi thc hin setBundleName t file messages.properties sang file messages_vn.properties. Khi thc hin c mt s im cn lu nh sau: Do Bundle Name c nh ngha theo ng dn n file properties nn tin cho vic setBundleName theo ngn ng, khi xy dng file properties cho mt ngn ng khc nn t chung gi vi file properties gc. File properties mi phi tng xng vi file properties gc v s lng cc phn t. Kha trong file properties phi c gi nguyn, ch thay i gi tr cho ph hp vi ngn ng. i vi nhng phn c hin th thng qua vic c ni dung file xml hoc file schema th cn thc hin nhng cng vic sau: Xy dng cc file properties tng ng vi ngn ng gc l ting Anh v ngn ng chuyn ha l ting Vit. C th gm cc file nh sau:
profiles.properties v profiles_vn.properties lu tr ni dung ca cc file profile.xml helper.properties v helper_vn.properties lu tr ni dung ca cc file schemahelper.xml vocabulay.properties v vocabulary_vn.properties lu tr ni dung ca cc file vocabulary.xml. Cc file ny c t trong cng gi editor v phi tun th cc qui tc xy dng file properties cp.
Trang 64
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Sau khi cc phn t c c t file xml/xsd ln s khng c hin th ra giao din ngay, lc ny n tr thnh mt phn ca kha trong file properties tng ng v thng qua i tng Message, gi tr ca n theo ngn ng tng ng s c hin th ra giao din. i vi nhng an m cng trong phn Learning Design, ta ly nhng an m cng xy dng thnh 2 file messages.properties v messages_vn.properties Nhng cng vic cn thc hin khi Vit Ha: Thm menu Language trn thanh toolbar cho php ngi dng chn ngn ng. To i tng MenuAction_ChooseLanguage thc hin x l chuyn i giao din ngi dng theo ngn ng tng ng. To i tng Language vi cc phng thc h tr cho vic chuyn i ngn ng Xy dng cc file properties cn thit. Gom cc file Messages.java li thnh mt file duy nht v t trong gi translation. Trong vi cc phng thc get v set BundleName theo ngn ng. Thm BundleName cn thit.
Trang 65
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
C th nh sau: Class Messages.java public class Messages { private static String FILE_BUNDLE_NAME = "uk.ac.reload.editor.properties.file"; private static String PROPERTIES_NAME; private static String BUNDLE_NAME; static ResourceBundle RESOURCE_BUNDLE; static ResourceBundleManager FILE_MANAGER= new ResourceBundleManager(RESOURCE_BUNDLE.getBundle(FILE_BUNDLE_ NAME)); private Messages() { } /** * @param key The Key * @return A Message String */ public static String getString(String key) { PROPERTIES_NAME = getPropertiesName(key); try { String currentLang = Language.singleton.getLanguage(); setBundleName(currentLang); RESOURCE_BUNDLE = ResourceBundle.getBundle(BUNDLE_NAME); return RESOURCE_BUNDLE.getString(key); } catch (MissingResourceException e) { return getDefaultString(key); } } public static String getDefaultString(String key) { PROPERTIES_NAME = getPropertiesName(key); String DEFAULT_BUNDLE = "uk.ac.reload.lang.en." + PROPERTIES_NAME; try { ResourceBundle DEF_RESOURCE_BUNDLE = ResourceBundle.getBundle(DEFAULT_BUNDLE); return DEF_RESOURCE_BUNDLE.getString(key); } catch (MissingResourceException e) { return ""; } }
Trang 66
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
public static File getFileProperty(String key) { return FILE_MANAGER.getFileProperty(key); } //========================================================= private static void setBundleName(String lang) { BUNDLE_NAME = "uk.ac.reload.lang." + lang + "." + PROPERTIES_NAME; } private static String getPropertiesName(String key) { if(key.contains("editor") || key.contains("dweezil") || key.contains("moonunit")) { return "messages"; } if(key.contains("exception")) { return "exception"; } if(key.contains("utils")) { return "utils"; } if(key.contains("profile")) { return "profile"; } if(key.contains("helper")) { return "helpers"; } if(key.contains("vocabulary")) { return "vocabulary"; } if(key.contains("learningdesign")) { return "ld"; } else { return "reload"; } } } Nhng on m s dng class Message.java ring r chuyn sang s dng class Messages.java chung trong gi translation. Nhng an m cng c thay th bng cch gi phng thc getString ca class Message.java To i tng Utils vi cc phng thc h tr cho vic chuyn i To i tng MyOptionPanel thc hin chuyn i cho cc hp thoi.
i vi nhng an m s dng VocabularyList hin th, s dng phng thc changeVocabList ca Utils thc hin chuyn i c danh sch. Mt s vn cn lu khi thc hin: Nh cp trong phn trnh by v cch thc hin th ca Reload Editor, ta nhn thy rng c ti 3 class Messages.java 3 gi khc nhau. 3 class ny gn nh ging nhau hon ton, ch khc nhau trng BUNDLE_NAME. iu ny to nn s d tha khng cn thit. Khi xy dng file properties t cc file xml th i vi cc file schemahelper cn lu : Ni dung ca cc phn t <tip> rt di nn khng th dng lm kha m c s dng lm value. Bn cnh cc cc file li c cc element ging nhau nhng ni dung ca <tip> li khc nhau nn khng th dng chung c. Do phi xy dng mt kha khc cho phn t <tip> da trn tn file.
Trang 68
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
File IMS CP Helper.xml ..... <element path="metadata" fname="Metadata"> <tip><![CDATA[Add Metadata to this node. You can edit the Metadata from the Edit menu or by clicking on the button on the toolbar.]]> </tip> </element> <element path="organization" fname="Organization"> <tip><![CDATA[Describes a particular hierarchical organization.]]></tip> </element> <element path="organizations" fname="Organizations"> <tip><![CDATA[Describes one or more structures or organizations for this package.]]></tip> </element> <element path="resource" fname="Resource"> <tip><![CDATA[A reference to a resource.]]></tip> .....
Trang 69
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
File SCORM 1.2 Helper.xml ..... <element path="metadata" fname="Metadata"> <tip><![CDATA[This element contains context specific meta-data that is used to describe the content of the overall package (Package level meta-data). If meta-data is provided, the meta-data must be valid IMS Learning Resource Meta-data. <br><br>You can edit the Metadata from the Edit menu or by clicking on the button on the toolbar.]]> </tip> </element> <element path="organization" fname="Organization"> <tip><![CDATA[This element describes a particular organization. Different views or organizational paths through the content can be described using multiple instances of the Organization element.]]> </tip> </element> <element path="organizations" fname="Organizations"> <tip><![CDATA[Describes one or more structures or organizations for this package. When defining a SCORM Resource Package, this element is required to be empty. When defining a SCORM Content Aggregation Package, this element is required to contain at least one organization sub-element.]]> </tip> </element> <element path="resource" fname="Resource"> <tip><![CDATA[A reference to a resource.]]> </tip>
Trang 70
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Nh ta thy trn cng element l <element path="metadata" fname="Metadata"> nhng phn t <tip> 2 file li c ni dung khc nhau. Do ta s xy dng thnh 2 kha ring bit nh sau: uk.ac.reload.editor.helper.IMS_CP_Helper.xml.tip.metadata=Add Metadata to this node. You can edit the Metadata from the Edit menu or by clicking on the button on the toolbar. uk.ac.reload.editor.helper.SCORM_1.2_Helper.xml.tip.metadata=This element contains context specific meta-data that is used to describe the content of the overall package(Package level meta-data). If meta-data is provided, the metadata must be valid IMS Learning Resource Meta-data. <br><br>You can edit the Metadata from the Edit menu or by clicking on the button on the toolbar. Cc gi tr tr v i khi s c cha cc k hiu c bit nh khong trng, du :, du ,,..Nhng k t ny khi c Resource s khng dch ra c, s b li. Do Resource Bundle c th hiu c th khi xy dng kha phi thay th cc k t ny bng du _. Cc k t <![CDATA[]]> khi c t file xml ln s c hiu l nh du cho d liu. Do khi xy dng thnh value trong file properties phi b qua cc k t ny. Mt s hp thoi s dng i tng JOptionPanel sn c ca th vin nn c vi ch khng th chuyn i ngn ng c, chng hn nt Cancel khng th chuyn thnh Hy khi chuyn ngn ng.
Trang 71
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Chng 5
CC C CH HOT NG V CC CHUN IMS, SCORM CA RELOAD EDITOR 5.1 C ch Pakaging 5.1.1 Ti sao cn c ch Packaging: Kh nng thao tc gia cc thnh phn v tnh ti dng l cn thit cp nht, sa cha v to mi learning objects. Tnh ti dng th hin ch ngi pht trin c th tm kim cc nguyn liu c sn t nhiu ngun khc nhau v gom chng li vi nhau vo mt kha hc, bi hc mi.
Hnh 5.1 Tnh ti dng - Reusing Existing Training
C nhiu h thng qun l hc (learning management system-LMS) khc nhau. mt LMS c th lu tr v ti s dng cc learning objects trn mt LMS khc th cc learning objects phi c ng gi theo mt chun nht nh.
Trang 72
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Cng ngh chun ha hin nay c s khc nhau gia nhm chun ha v nhm c t. Nhm c t cung cp cc yu cu to chun mi cho nhm chun ha da trn c t m chng to ra. Nhm chun ha c IEEE l chun chnh thc cp n learning object, nhm c t c IMS Global Learning v AICC. Mt c t tr thnh chun thc t l SCORM (Sharared Content Object Reference Model) ca d n ADL. N hp nht mt s c t chc chn rng cc LMS c th trao i learning objects vi nhau.
5.1.2 C ch ng gi: Packaging l c ch tp hp v t chc tt c cc tp tin c lin quan li vi nhau to nn mt bi ging hoc mt kha hc. Cc tp tin ny c ni dung v c lu tr theo nhiu nh dng khc nhau nh pdf, doc, flash, video...Ni dung c ng gi li gi l Content Package. Packaging nh ngha cch m cc kiu ni dung hc khc nhau (actual content, media, Assessment, Collarboration, v cc tp tin khc) c th c trao i gia cc h thng - LMS khc nhau theo cch c chun ha. Vic ng gi ni dung c thc hin bng cch s dng mt tp tin XML Manifest. ng gi v trnh din mt gi ni dung Content Package, ReloadEditor s dng mt cng ngh thuc nhm c t l IMS Content Package v mt cng ngh thuc nhm chun ha l SCORM Content Package.Chng ta s tm hiu r hn v IMS Content Package v SCORM Content Package o phn sau
Trang 73
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
5.2 C Ch Preview Chc nng Preview c thc hin da trn cc tp tin html v javascript. Framework thc hin chc nng Preview
Content Package cp_comment : String cp_Core : CP_Core GeneralUtils
(from diva)
WINDOWS_XP WINDOWS_2000 WINDOWS_NT WINDOWS_9x MACINTOSH UNIX isExternalURL() getOS()
init() addElem entBySchema() getProjectFolder() getReferencedElement() getRelativeURL() getAbsoluteURL() getDefaultOrganization()
CP_Viewer _contentPackage launch() parse() getNavigationFile() getPreviewFile() createNavLinks() escapeBackslashes() writePackageSettings() writeOrganization() writeItem () writeItem sToFile() getPreviewFolder()
NativeLauncher
(from dweezil)
EditorProperties
(from editor)
launchFile() launchURL()
getFileProperty(key : String) : File
ProxyViewCPHandler menuActionPerform ed()
EditorFrame
(from Logical View)
EditorPrefs
(from prefs)
SUPPORT_JAR_LOCATION : String = reload-support.jar SUPPORT_JAR_RESOURCE = helpers main() checkSupportFolder()
CopyTask
(from diva)
execute()
MD_DEFAULT_VERSION = default_md_version MD_DO_ASK_VERSION CP_DEFAULT_CP_VERSION CP_DEFAULT_MD_VERSION getPrefsFolder()
Hnh 5.2 S lp chc nng Preview
Khi RELOAD EDITOR c kch hot khi chy phng thc main () ca lp EditorFrame to ra EditorFrame. Trong qu trnh to ra EditorFrame s thc hin phng thc checkSupportFolder (). Phng thc ny s m bo cho cc file h tr lm vic
Trang 74
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Khi to CopyTask trong truyn tham s l ng dn file ngun, v th mc ch. Gi phng thc execute () ca CopyTask gii nn file jar vo th mc ch. Kt qu ca qu trnh ny s to th mc reload-editor trong userhome. Reload-editor cha 2 th mc l helpers v preview.
Hnh 5.3 Cu trc th mc Reload-Editor trong user-home
Th mc helpers cha cc th mc trong cha cc tp tin profile, schemahelper, vocab i vi tng loi content package(cp), metadata(md), SCORM(scorm), Simple Sequence(ss). Th mc preview cha mt tp tin ReloadContentPreview.htm v mt th mc ReloadContentPreviewFiles. Khi chc nng Preview c kch hot. H thng s thc hin phn tch tp tin imsmanifest.xml v ghi thnh tp tin CPOrgs.js t trong th mc user-home cng cc tp tin .js khc.
Trang 75
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Qui trnh trn c thc hin c th nh sau: Khi ngi dng kch hot nt Preview, phng thc menuActionPerformed () trong lp ProxyViewCPHandler c thc hin.
Phng thc ny s khi to CP_Viewer cho ContentPackage (l i tng imsmanifest.xml) Sau thc hin phng thc launch () ca CP_Viewer. C th: Phn tch ni dung ca ContentPackage hay imsmanifest.xml thnh chui thng qua phng thc parse (). Ghi ni dung chui va c c vo file CPOrgs.js trong th mc user-home/reload-editor/preview/ReloadContentPreviewFiles c khi to trn bng cch thc hin phng thc writeItemsToFile (String javascriptString, File navigationFile). Trong javascriptString l chui va phn tch c
Trang 76
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
NavigationFile l file CPOrgs.js c xc nh thng qua phng thc getNavigationFile(). Th mc cha n c xc nh thng qua phng thc getFileProperty("preview.dir") ca lp EditorProperties. Thc hin phng thc launchFile(File previewFile) ca lp NativeLauncher. Trong tham s previewFile xc nh file ReloadContentPreview.htm trong th mc home/reloadeditor/preview. Kt qu sau khi ghi file CPOrgs.js nh sau:
Hnh 5.4 Ghi nhn kt qu sau khi ghi file CPOrgs.js
Ni dung ca file CPOrgs.js gm cc thng tin v tn Package, thng tin ca organization gm: organizationName, organizationIdentifier v thng tin ca cc item ca organization. Thng tin ca mi item gm: itemTitle, itemIdentifier, itemParent, itemHyper v thuc tnh nu c. Thng tin c th ca tng ni dung: organizationName: tn ca organization c th hin khi trnh by. organizationIdentifier: nh danh duy nht ca mt organization. itemTitle: Tiu ca item c th hin khi trnh by. itemIdentifier: nh danh duy nht ca mt item
Trang 77
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
itemParent: gi tr mc nh l menu. c dng nh mt gi tr xy dng menu hin th cho organization. itemHyper: ng dn ch n ngun ti nguyn m item s dng Tc dng c th ca itemParent c th hin nh sau: Dng trong ReloadContentPreview.htm : khi to menu hin th rng frameborder="no" border="0" scrolling="no" resize> <frame src="ReloadContentPreviewFiles/menu_empty.htm" name="menu" frameborder="no" border="0" scrolling="auto" resize> Dng trong code.htm v trong mtmcode.js cp nht thng tin hin th cho menu Trong code.htm function reloadTree(index, shouldReload){ try{ menu = null; orgToPlay = index; tempMenuText = CPAPI.orgArray(orgToPlay).organizationName; MTMenuText = tempMenuText.replace('\\\'', '\'') ; CPAPI.setCurrentOrg(orgToPlay); MTMFirstRun = true; menu = new MTMenu(); redraw(menu); MTMStartMenu(true); // launch first item... NavigateItems(CPAPI.orgArray(orgToPlay)._currentItem); } catch(ex){ .. } }
Trang 78
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Code.htm s dng mtmcode.js nh ngha mt s thao tc i vi menu Ghi ch: Gi tr menu ny phi thng nht cc file trn. Nu thay i gi tr ny mt trong cc file trn th khng th hin th ni dung ca Package c. V d ni dung ca mt CPOrgs.js c th: CPAPI.packageName = "all"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).organizationName = "Content"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).organizationIdentifier = "{FD2AA266-FA11-46C0-B04F12F79CFC034D}"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(0).itemTitle = "Internet Explorer Slide Show"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(0).itemIdentifier = "ITEM-{F2264885-10DD4D88-8F03-53A47FDC2CEE}"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(0).itemParent = "menu"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(0).itemHyper = "file:///D:/Luan%20van %20TN/Dowload/reload/all/ie.html"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(1).itemTitle = "Real Player Slide Show"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(1).itemIdentifier = "ITEM-{4558433C-2A444C25-BE95-CE5BAF5ED885}"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(1).itemParent = "menu"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(1).itemHyper = "file:///D:/Luan%20van %20TN/Dowload/reload/all/rp.smil"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(2).itemTitle = "QuickTime Slide Show"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(2).itemIdentifier = "ITEM-{F35A85B5-89754389-8EBD-34017D7DB66E}"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(2).itemParent = "menu"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(2).itemHyper = "file:///D:/Luan%20van %20TN/Dowload/reload/all/qt.smil"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(3).itemTitle = "Full Size Print Version"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(3).itemIdentifier = "ITEM-{F98A681F-837449FF-A118-32D058C3383F}"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(3).itemParent = "menu";
CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(3).itemHyper = "file:///D:/Luan%20van %20TN/Dowload/reload/all/full.html"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(4).itemTitle = "3 Per Page Print Version"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(4).itemIdentifier = "ITEM-{17F025CC-72704BDA-B09E-AABDBFF5D13E}"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(4).itemParent = "menu"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(4).itemHyper = "file:///D:/Luan%20van %20TN/Dowload/reload/all/printable.html"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(5).itemTitle = "Mp3 Audio Version"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(5).itemIdentifier = "ITEM-{B6BDCB3B-24CB400B-8C78-8EA91A73DAB7}"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(5).itemParent = "menu"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(5).itemHyper = "file:///D:/Luan%20van %20TN/Dowload/reload/all/all.mp3"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(6).itemTitle = "All Links Used"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(6).itemIdentifier = "ITEM-{2077DEF5-D3204C5B-82D1-B26AD95A28DD}"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(6).itemParent = "menu"; CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(6).itemHyper = "file:///D:/Luan%20van %20TN/Dowload/reload/all/links.html"; Sau khi thc hin ghi th mc CPOrgs.js v thc hin phng thc launch(), n s gi phng thc launchURL(String url). Phng thc ny s xc nh h iu hnh ang chy v thc hin cu lnh tng ng chy file ReloadContentPreview.htm vi tham s url xc nh ng dn n file
Trang 80
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
ReloadContentPreview.htm public static void launchURL(String url) { // Find the OS int OS = GeneralUtils.getOS(); switch(OS) { case GeneralUtils.WINDOWS_XP: case GeneralUtils.WINDOWS_2000: case GeneralUtils.WINDOWS_NT: try { Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[] { "cmd.exe", "/c", "start", "\"\"", '"' + url + '"' }); process.waitFor(); process.exitValue(); } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println(Messages.getString("uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher .0")); } break; case GeneralUtils.WINDOWS_9x: try { Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("start " + '"' + url + '"'); process.exitValue(); } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println(Messages.getString("uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher .0")); } break; process.waitFor();
Trang 81
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
case GeneralUtils.MACINTOSH: try { // Let MRJ do all the work for us. Class targetClass = Class.forName("com.apple.mrj.MRJFileUtils"); Method openURL = targetClass.getDeclaredMethod("openURL", new Class[] {String.class}); openURL.invoke(null, new Object[] {url}); } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println(Messages.getString("uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher .1")); } break; case GeneralUtils.UNIX: try { Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("mozilla " + url); process.waitFor(); process.exitValue(); } catch(Exception ex) { System.out.println(Messages.getString("uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher .2")); } break; default: MyOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, Messages.getString("uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.3"), Messages.getString("uk.ac.reload.dweezil.util.NativeLauncher.4"), JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
} } File ReloadContentPreview.htm s thc hin load cc trang htm khc trong th mc ReloadContentPreviewFiles bng cch chy on m javascript, s dng cc frame ch n cc file htm. Mt s trang trong cc trang htm ny trong qu trnh c load s thc hin cc on m javascript.Mi trang htm ng mt tr nht nh trong vic hin th. Vai tr ca cc file htm v cc file javascript c th nh sau: File CP_Frame.htm: iu khin ton b vic hin th c hai ca s bn tri v bn phi. Khi c load s gi code frame thc hin function StartUp (). Trc n thc hin cc function 2 file CPModel.js v CPOrgs.js CPModel.js nh ngha mt i tng l packageModel gi l CPAPI m t v xy dng cu trc cho IMS Content Pakage tng qut. ng thi nh ngha cc hnh nh get, upadate, change trn cc i tng ca Package nh item, organization. CPOrgs.js nh ngha cu trc ca mt Content Package c th bao gm vic nh ngha cc Organization v cc Item nh ngha Organization bao gm Name, Identifier v cc item bn trong nh ngha Item bao gm cc thnh phn c bn nh itemTitle, itemIdentifier, itemParent, itemHyper. Trong itemHyper s ch ng dn n file ngun cn hin th ng thi thc hin vic updade cc hnh vi thc hin ca cc nt prev, next, show/hide ca s bn tri. File code.htm: Cha on javascript StartUp() thc hin load v hin th cy menu ca s bn tri da trn cu trc ca Content Package c xy dng khi thc hin cc file CPModel.js v CPOrgs.js
Trc khi hin th n s thc cc function trong file mtmcode.js File mtmcode.js s xy dng cc i tng cn thit phc v cho vic hin th c 2 khung ca s nh thanh menu, menu item, cc icon, browser hin th, cc stylesheet File menu_empty.htm: Gip hin th thanh menu cha cc organization v cc item ca s bn tri. Tn ca frame ny phi khp vi thnh phn itemParent ca cc item c m t trong CPOrgs.js ReloadContentPreView.htm <frame src="ReloadContentPreviewFiles/menu_empty.htm" name="menu" frameborder="no" border="0" scrolling="auto" resize> CPOrgs.js CPAPI.orgArray(0).itemArray(0).itemParent = "menu"; Thanh menu ny c to ra v s dng trong khi chy m javascript cc file code.htm, mtmcode.js
Trang 84
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
File search.htm: Thnh phn h tr cho vic tm kim thng tin m ngi dng cn. File CPStart.htm: H tr cho vic hin th cc thnh phn khung ca s bn phi tng ng vi i tng c chn bn khung ca s bn tri. 5.3 Phng php chun ha: Phng php chun ha l thng qua k thut ca XML Namespace. Tt c cc c t ca IMS (IMS Specification) u c khng gian tn ca n. Vic phn bit chun IMS v chun SCORM l da trn khng gian tn l ni cha cc phn t m schema nh ngha. Namespace v Schema tham chiu trong mt s c t ca IMS: c t Content Package Meta-Data Learning Design
Bng 5.1 Namespace v Schema tham chiu trong mt s c t ca IMS
Namespace http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imscp_v1p1 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_v1p2 http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsld_v1p0
Tn file imscp_v1p1.xsd imsmd_v1p2.xs d imsld_v1p0.xsd
Trang 85
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
V d file Manifest nh ngha Content Package ca c t IMS <?xml version="1.0"?> <manifest identifier="MANIFEST1" xmlns="http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/ims_cp_rootv1p1" xmlns:imsmd="http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/ims_md_rootv1p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/ims_cp_rootv1p1 http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/ims_cp_rootv1p1.xsd http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/ims_md_rootv1p1 http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/ims_md_rootv1p1.xsd"> <metadata> </metadata> <organizations> <organization> </organization> </organizations> <resources> <resource> </resource> </resources> </manifest> Chun SCORM c pht trin da trn chun IMS, do ngoi khng gian tn ca IMS, file manifest c xy dng theo chun SCORM cn cha khng gian tn ca ADL SCORM http://www.adlnet.org/xsd/adlcp_rootv1p2. Tt c u c nh ngha trong file schema.
Khng gian tn ca c t IMS Content Package
Trang 86
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
V d file imsmanifest.xml nh ngha theo chun SCORM: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   <manifest xmlns="http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/imscp_rootv1p1p2" xmlns:imsmd="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_rootv1p2p1" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:adlcp="http://www.adlnet.org/xsd/adlcp_rootv1p2" <organizations> <organization > </organization> </organizations> <resources> <resource></resource> </resources> </manifest> 5.4 Chun IMS v SCORM 5.4.1 IMS Content Package: Cung cp chc nng m t v ng gi cc nguyn liu hc mt kha hc ring l hay tp hp cc kha hc thnh cc gi c kh nng tng tc vi nhau v c kh nng phn pht.Content Package lu tr c t, cu trc v v tr ca nguyn liu hc trn mng. IMS Content Package nh ngha cc thao tc gia cc h thng LMS bao gm vic: xut, nhp, kt hp, ngng kt cc gi ni dung. IMS Content Package cung cp cc ngun ti nguyn cho mt hot ng hc v m t lm th no t chc cc ngun ti nguyn ny. IMS Content Package c tham chiu trong SCORM 1.2.
Khng gian tn ca SCORM Khng gian tn ca IMS
identifier="MANIFEST-{3720BA04-3FBE-4DE6-860D-19C9AF4F0309}">
Trang 87
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 5.5 IMS Content framework.
IMS Content Framework chia thnh 3 phm vi l: Content Packaging, Data Model v Run time Environment Content Packaging: IMS Content Packaging quan tm n s kt hp ni dung cc ngun ti nguyn, t chc kha hc v meta-data. Tt c tp trung trong phm vi c t IMS Content Packaging Data Model: Data Model trnh by phn vic lu tr, nhp, qun l, v vn dng ni dung vi mc ch gio dc.
Trang 88
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Run time Environment Run time Environment trnh by phn m ngi hc tng tc vi ni dung c trnh din. Mt trong nhng yu cu cho phn ny l vic xc minh cng ngh chun ha c th truyn thng tin gia mi trng chy thc v mt LMS. Cu trc gi IMS Content Package
Hnh 5.6 IMS Content Packaging scope.
IMS Package gm 2 thnh phn chnh: Mt file XML c bit m t cch t chc ni dung v cc ngun ti nguyn trong Package Cc file vt l c m t bi XML File XML c bit c gi l file XML Manifest bi v ni dung v cch t chc ca bi hc c c t trong ng cnh ca manifest.Khi mt Package c kt hp thnh mt file n chuyn i th n c gi l Package Interchange File
Trang 89
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Cu trc file imsmanifest.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   <manifest xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imscp_v1p1" xmlns:imsmd="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_v1p2" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" identifier="MANIFEST-051D11F6-681E-5F0D-35B4-90FE78CE049B" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imscp_v1p1 imscp_v1p1.xsd http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsmd_v1p2 imsmd_v1p2p2.xsd"> <metadata/> <organizations default="ORG"> <organization identifier="ORG-1" structure="hierarchical"> <title>Organization</title> <item identifier="ITEM-1" isvisible="true" identifierref="RES-1"> <title> Life is Beautiful</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM-2" isvisible="true" identifierref="RES-2"> <title>Danh ngon tinh ban</title> </item> </organization> </organizations> <resources> <resource identifier="RES-1" type="webcontent"> <file href="Cau%20chuyen%20333.htm" /> </resource> <resource identifier="RES-2" type="webcontent"> <file href="Danh%20ngon%20tinh%20ban.htm" /> <file href="Danh%20ngon%20tinh%20ban_files/a_27.jpg" /> <file href="Danh%20ngon%20tinh%20ban_files/love1.jpg" /> <file href="Danh%20ngon%20tinh%20ban_files/prot.js" /> </resource> </resources> </manifest>
Trang 90
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Cc khi nim: Package Interchange File (PIF): mt file n (v d .zip, .jar, .cab) gm mt file manifest c tn imsmanifest.xml v cc file vt l khc tng t nh manifest. Mt Package Interchange File nh l mt dng phn pht Web ngn gn, mt phng tin vn chuyn nhng thng s c cu trc lin quan n nhau. Package: mt th mc cha cc file XML manifest, cc file XML kim tra cc ti liu n tham chiu ti (file DTD hoc XSD) v bt c th mc con no cha ngun ti nguyn. Manifest: Mt phn t XML bt buc m t Package, n c th cha cc manifest con. Cu trc ca mt file manifest gm cc thnh phn: Meta-data: Mt phn t XML m t ton b manifest Organizations: Mt phn t XML m t khng mt hoc nhiu cch t chc ni dung bn trong manifest Resources: Mt phn t XML cha tham chiu ti tt c cc ngun ti nguyn thc v cc phn t truyn thng cn thit cho manifest bao gm: meta-data dc t ngun ti nguyn v cc tham chiu ti bt k cc file bn ngoi. (sub)Manifest: l phn t c th la chn, c t hp trong manifest. Physical files: L nhng phn t truyn thng, cc file vn bn, file hnh v cc ngun ti nguyn khc trong cc th mc con khc nhau.
Trang 91
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Tn chun cho file Manifest Ni dung c phn phi theo c t IMS Content Packaging phi cha mt file Manifest. file IMS Manifest lun c tm thy trong Package, n c mt tn v v tr c nh ngha trc l imsmanifest.xml Nu thiu file imsmanifest.xml th Package khng l IMS Package v khng th c x l.N yu cu tn phi chnh xc nh trn, tt c cc k t u l ch thng. Cc Phn t trong imsmanifest.xml Phn t <manifest> Phn t <manifest> trong tp tin Manifest phc v cho mc ch t chc ni dung trnh by thnh mt hoc nhiu bn trnh din c cu trc, c t cc ngun ti nguyn cung cp cho mi view. Mi ngun ti nguyn hoc mt tp hp cc ngun ti nguyn h tr cho vic trnh din bao gm ng dn ti mi file thng qua danh mc hoc cc th mc con bn trong. Mt Manifest c th cung cp mt hay nhiu view tnh. Mt phn t <manifest> n c yu cu ti v tr cao nht ca file IMS Manifest. C mt v ch mt phn t <manifest> v tr cao nht. Tt c cc phn t <manifest> khc u c lng vo bn trong phn t <resources>.
Trang 92
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Phn t <manifest> cha 3 phn t con l: <metadata>, <organizations>, <resources> Phn t <metadata> (khng bt buc) : M t manifest cha n. Thng thng, meta-data c dng bao gm cc phn t: tiu , dc t, t kha, vai tr ca ngi cng tc, mc ch ca ni dung (v.d mc tiu gio dc, mc thnh tho), v thng tin bn quyn. Phn t <organizations> (yu cu): cha 0, 1 hoc nhiu c t t chc ni dung tnh cc ngun ti nguyn bn trong Package c th di chuyn to 0, 1, hoc nhiu cu trc ni dung.N cho php ngi t chc ni dung t do quyt nh miu t ni dung kha hc hay khng, ch nh mt t chc l mc nh. Content Package DTD hin ti yu cu phn t <organizations> n nh l phn t con ca phn t <manifest>. Nu ngi t chc ni dung khng cn organization trong manifest th n phi xut hin nh l phn t rng (ngha l: <organizations/>) tha mn qui tc iu khin nu ra trong ti liu (DTD/ XSD). Do ch c mt phn t <organizations> bn trong phn t <manifest>. c t hin ti nh ngha phn t <organization> con s dng t chc phn cp. Phn t <resources> (yu cu): bao gm cc tham chiu ti cc ngun ti nguyn cn thit hin th ni dung nh c t trong phn t <organizations>. Tham chiu ny c th bn trong hoc bn ngoi Package. V d cho php tham chiu ti mt URL bn ngoi m khng cn nhng ngun ti nguyn nh l mt phn ca Package Interchange File. Cc ngun ti nguyn ny c th cha mt phn t <metadata> cho mi mc ni dung c tham chiu.Ch mt phn t <resources> c cho php bn trong phn t <manifest> v tr cao nht. Phn t <submanifest> (khng bt buc): ch nh khng hoc nhiu Manifest con. Phn t Manifest c lng ch nh lm th no ni dung c th kt hp hoc hy kt hp thnh cc Package khc nhau.
Trang 93
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Phn t <metadata> Metadata l phn t khng bt buc v c php bn trong cc phn t <manifest>, <resource>, <organization>, <item> v <file> m t y hn ni dung ca Package. C th tm thy ni dung tng ng bn trong meta-data cho ngi hc hoc ti ng gi ni dung. Bn quyn v cc thuc tnh khc d dng khai bo bn trong meta-data. Phn t <organizations>: Nu mt kha hc hoc mt Package trnh din khng yu cu mt <organization> c bit. Phn t <organizations> vn cn thit v phi xut hin theo qui tc m t trong DTD: <organizations>. Tt nhin trong trng hp ny phn t <organizations> l rng C nhiu phng php t chc c th pht trin c. Mt phng php mc nh c nhng vo nh l mt phn ca c t ny. Phng php mc nh t chc ni dung ging nh cy hin th hoc trnh by phn cp, c bao bc trong phn t <organization>. Phn t <organization> l phn t bn trong <organizations>. Ni dung c th thm gin d t chc thng qua vic s dng thuc tnh v thit lp gi tr l non-default. C th c nhiu t chc nhng ch c mt c ch nh l mc nh.
Trang 94
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Phn t <organization>: Phn t <organization> cha thng tin v mt t chc c bit. Nu c nhiu phn t <organization> bn trong <organizations> th chng nn l cc t chc khc nhau ca cng mt kha hc. Khi phn t <organizations> cha nhiu phn t <organization>. Mt <organization> c chn v l do: Nu c gi tr cho thuc tnh mc nh ca <organizations> th t chc c ch nh c dng.y l phng php ch nh <organization> c bit Nu khng c gi tr mc nh th phn t u tin c ch nh. Vic trnh by cu trc ca <organization> c m t thng qua phn t con <item>. Mt <item> co th cha nhiu <item> cp di hoc c th xut hin cng cp vi cc <item> khc. Mt cy hin th c th c nh ngha bi cc phn t <item> lng vo nhau. Ngi pht trin ni dung c th trn v so khp cc cp lng thch hp vi ni dung ca h. Mt <item> lun c mt nh danh identifier v c lin kt ti cc ngu ti nguyn thng qua thuc tnh identifierref. Tiu l ty chn (c th c hoc khng), nhng nn c. Phn t <item> c th hin th hoc n v mc nh l hin th. Tc gi c th nhng meta data bn trong phn t <organization> v phn t <item> m t thm thng tin phc v cho tm kim hoc sp xp trong kho repository
Trang 95
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
V d: Lc t chc phn cp cho mt manifest c gii hn bi vic sp xp v lng cc phn t <item> bn trong phn t <organization> <organization identifier="TOC1"> <title>Default Organization</title> <item identifier="ITEM1" identifierref="RESOURCE1"> <title>Lesson 1</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM2" identifierref="RESOURCE2"> <title>Lesson 2</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM3" identifierref="RESOURCE3"> <title>Lesson 3</title> </item> </organization> S dng phn t <manifest> lng: Mt k thut tham chiu ngun ti nguyn ca mt <item> l thuc tnh identifierref. Cc kiu tham chiu u c t gii hn trn n duy tr kh nng hy kt hp ca Manifest ghp, c th: identifierref ca mt <item> c th tham chiu ti cc ngun ti nguyn ca phn t <manifest> cha n. N cng c th tham chiu n ngun ti nguyn ca bt k <manifest> no c lng. Trng hp ngc li th khng ng: identifierref ca mt <item> khng th tham chiu n phn t <manifest> cp cao hn phn t <manifest> cha n. Cng khng th tham chiu n bt k ngun ti nguyn no c tham chiu bi phn t <manifest> cp cao hn.Manifest c th hy kt hp v c s dng to mt Package mi.Nu ngi xy dng ni dung cn tham chiu ti mt Package bn ngoi th trc tin phi kt hp n, sau mi ch n ti Package . identifier ca phn t <item> c th tham chiu ti mt submanifest. Phn t <resources>:
Phn t <resources> ch nh tp hp cc file ni dung. Cc ngun ti nguyn ring l c khai bo phn t <resource> c lng bn trong phn t <resources>. Mt <resource> khng nht thit phi l mt file ring, m c th l mt tp hp cc file h tr cho vic trnh by theo cu trc ca <item> Phn t <resources> cng c th c phn t con <metadata> Phn t <file> c th cha phn t con <metadata> m t thng tin ca file c ngha trong vic tm kim nh ch mc trong kho cha. Mt <resource> c th tham chiu ti mt file local bi URL nh ng lin kt hoc ti mt file bn ngoi bi mt URL t xa. File local c resource s dng bng cch lit k trc tip dng cc phn t <file>, hoc lit k gin tip dng cc phn t <dependency> tham chiu ti mt resource khc. V d: Hp nht tt c cc file c lit k thnh mt Package (ngoi tr cc document iu khin v imsmanifest.xml), ch nh tt c cc file truyn thng tin ni dung ca Package. Cc tham chiu bn ngoi khng l b phn ca Package v khng c xut hin trong phn t <file> Phn t <resource> cng c th cha phn t con <dependency>. Phn t <dependency> ch nh ngun ti nguyn hot ng nh mt kho cha nhiu file m resource ny ph thuc vo.Lit k tt c cc resource cho item mi khi chng cn, <dependency> cho php nh ngha mt kho cha cc resource v nhc rng phn t <dependency> thay th cho cc resource ring l.C th dt gii hn cho thuc tnh identifierref p dng cho <dependency> ging nh p dng cho <item>.
Trang 97
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
V d s dng <dependency> <resources> <resource identifier="R_A1" type="webcontent" href="sco06.html"> <file href="sco06.html" /> <file href="scripts/APIWrapper.js" /> <file href="scripts/Functions.js" /> <dependency identifierref="R_A4" /> <dependency identifierref="R_A5" /> <dependency identifierref="R_A6" /> </resource> <resource identifier="R_A2" type="webcontent" href="sco1.html"> <file href="sco1.html" /> <file href="scripts/APIWrapper.js" /> <file href="scripts/Functions.js" /> <dependency identifierref="R_A5" /> </resource> <resource identifier="R_A4" type="webcontent" href="pics/distress_sigs.jpg"> <file href="pics/distress_sigs.jpg" /> </resource> <resource identifier="R_A5" type="webcontent" href="pics/distress_sigs_add.jpg"> <file href="pics/distress_sigs_add.jpg" /> </resource> <resource identifier="R_A6" type="webcontent" href="pics/nav_aids.jpg"> <file href="pics/nav_aids.jpg" /> </resource> </resources>
Trang 98
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Mt Package ghp cha cc Package con kt hp kt hp chnh n, qui trnh tng t nh trn thm vo : Cc phn t (sub)manifest ca Package ghp phi c a vo xy dng mt danh sch cc file tham chiu trong tt c cc (sub)manifest. Khi manifest ca Package kt hp cha tt c cc (sub)manifest cn c hp nht thnh mt Package mi. Tng t nh vy, nu mt Package ghp l khng kt hp, cy (sub)manifest ca n cn c a vo xy dng mt danh sch cc file cn c sao chp vo trong Package khng kt hp. Package l mt cch t chc cc item, c th khng tham chiu cc phn t bn ngoi phm vi Package.Phn t c tham chiu phi c cha trong cng Package ni m chng c tham chiu k c cc phn t ca (sub)Package bn trong Package. V d: S dng sub-manifest <?xml version="1.0"?> <manifest identifier="MANIFEST1" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.imsproject.org/content" xmlns:xinclude="http://www.w3.org/1999/XML/xinclude"> <metadata> <schema>IMS Content</schema> <schemaversion>1.1</schemaversion> <record xmlns="http://www.imsproject.org/metadata"> <general> <title> <langstring lang="en_US">IMS Content Packaging Sample xinclude</langstring> </title> </general> </record> </metadata>
<organizations default="TOC1"> <organization identifier="TOC1"> <title>default</title> <item identifier="TOC1_ITEM1" identifierref="R_MANIFEST2/TOC2"> <title>Lesson 1</title> </item> <item identifier="TOC1_ITEM2" identifierref="R_MANIFEST3/TOC3"> <title>Lesson 2</title> </item> <item identifier="TOC1_ITEM3" identifierref="R_MANIFEST4/TOC4"> <title>Lesson 3</title> </item> </organization> </organizations> <resources> <manifestref identifier="R_MANIFEST2"> <xinclude:include href="lesson1_manifest.xml"/> </manifestref> <manifestref identifier="R_MANIFEST3"> <xinclude:include href="lesson2_manifest.xml"/> </manifestref> <manifestref identifier="R_MANIFEST4"> <xinclude:include href="lesson3_manifest.xml"/> </manifestref> </resources> </manifest>
Trang 100
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Identifiers Khi to Package, cn xem xt phm vi ca cc nh danh-identifier. mt Content Package Manifest hp l th identifier l duy nht. Nu mt Package c kt hp thnh mt Package khc, s xung t identifier c th trnh v c gii quyt bng cch s dng mt identifier ph bin duy nht cho tt c cc manifest. Nu identifier ph bin duy nht khng c dng trong lc lu tr trong h thng ca bn th cc Package s khng th trao i vi cc h thng khc. S dng cu trc ca XML xsd:ID v xsd:IDREF xc nhn tnh duy nht ca identifier. Bt k identifier tham chiu s dng IDREF phi khai bo mt ID tng ng trong ti liu XML. Cch s dng ID v IDREF th khng chc l identifier ton cc duy nht. Do vy, cn cn thn khi kt hp Package. Phi khai bo ID cho identifier c hp qui cch ha trong mt package kt hp nu khng s xut hin li khi phn tch tnh hp l. XInclude Nhm IMS Content mong ch k thut XInclude c cung cp bi t chc W3C. K thut ny xc thc cch thc kt hp v hy kt hp cc ngun ti nguyn ca Package. Tuy nhin, khng nn s dng XInclude cho n khi W3C hon thnh n. V d cch s dng XInclude:
Trang 101
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
<resources> <resource identifier="R100001" href="Course01/Lesson01/au01.htm" type="webcontent"> <xinclude:include href="Course01/Lesson01/au01.xml"/> <file href=" Course01/Lesson01/au01.htm"/> <dependency identifierref="R100001GIF" /> </resource> <resource identifier="R100001GIF" href="Course01/Lesson01/au01.gif" type="webcontent"> <xinclude:include href="Course01/Lesson01/au01gif.xml"/> <file href="Course01/Lesson01/au01.gif"/> </resource> <resource identifier="R100004" href="Course01/Lesson01/au07.htm" type="webcontent"> <xinclude:include href="Course01/Lesson01/au07.xml"/> <file href=" Course01/Lesson01/au07.htm"/> </resource> <resource identifier="R100002" href="Course01/Lesson01/au05.htm" type="webcontent"> <xinclude:include href="Course01/Lesson01/au05.xml"/> <file href="Course01/Lesson01/au05.htm"/> </resource> </resources>
Trang 102
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
xml:base xml:base l cu trc c dng ch nh r URI c bn ca mt ti liu trong vic gii quyt cc URI tng i lin kt n cc file bn ngoi. Trong file imsmanifest.xml cc tham chiu bn trong v bn ngoi c th l tng i hoc tuyt i. a ch tng i c th t trc thuc tnh xml:base. Thuc tnh xml:base cho php ch nh c a ch bn ngoi v a ch cc b bn trong. Trong trng hp thiu xml:base, ng dn URL tng i ch n root ca Package (v tr ca imsmanifest.xml). Trng hp c xml:base, ng dn URL tng i c ch nh trong xml:base. Khi ng dn xml:base ch nh chnh n th ng dn tuyt i ch nh v tr ca file imsmanifest.xml Khi ng dn xml:base tham chiu mt file bn ngoi th mt URL tng i ch nh n v tr . Khi s dng xml:base trong vic ng gi, ng dn xml:base khng nn bt u vi mt gch cho (/). Theo nh ngha ca RFC 2396, mt ng dn bt u bng du gch cho s khai bo ng dn tuyt i ca ngun ti nguyn. Thuc tnh xml:base rt c ch trong vic ch nh ng dn tng i n th mc con cha ngun ti nguyn ca gi ni dung.
Trang 103
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
V d s dng xml:base ch nh ng dn n ngun ti nguyn bn trong v l ng dn tng i. <?xml version="1.0"?> <manifest identifier="MANIFEST1" xmlns="http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/ims_cp_rootv1p1"> <metadata> <schema>IMS Content</schema> <schemaversion>1.1</schemaversion> <imsmd:record> <imsmd:general> <imsmd:title> <imsmd:langstring xml:lang="en_US">IMS Content Packaging Sample - A Relative xml:base</imsmd:langstring> </imsmd:title> </imsmd:general> </imsmd:record> </metadata> <organizations default="TOC1"> <organization identifier="TOC1"> <title>default</title> <item identifier="ITEM1" identifierref="RESOURCE1"> <title>Lesson 1</title> <item identifier="ITEM2" identifierref="RESOURCE2"> <title>Introduction 1</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM3" identifierref="RESOURCE3"> <title>Content 1</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM4" identifierref="RESOURCE4"> <title>Summary 1</title> </item>
</item> <item identifier="ITEM5" identifierref="RESOURCE5"> <title>Lesson 2</title> <item identifier="ITEM6" identifierref="RESOURCE6"> <title>Introduction 2</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM7" identifierref="RESOURCE7"> <title>Content 2</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM8" identifierref="RESOURCE8"> <title>Summary 2</title> </item> </item> </organization> </organizations> <resources> <resource identifier="RESOURCE1" type="webcontent" href="lesson1.htm" xml:base="lesson1/"> <file href="lesson1.htm"/> <file href="picture1.gif"/> </resource> <resource identifier="RESOURCE2" type="webcontent" href="intro1.htm" xml:base="lesson1/"> <file href="intro1.htm"/> <file href="picture2.gif"/> </resource> <resource identifier="RESOURCE3" type="webcontent" href="content1.htm" xml:base="lesson1/"> <file href="content1.htm"/> <file href="picture3.gif"/> </resource>
<resource identifier="RESOURCE4" type="webcontent" href="summary1.htm" xml:base="lesson1/"> <file href="summary1.htm"/> <file href="picture4.gif"/> </resource> <resource identifier="RESOURCE5" type="webcontent" href="lesson2.htm" xml:base="lesson2/"> <file href="lesson2.htm"/> <file href="picture1.gif"/> </resource> <resource identifier="RESOURCE6" type="webcontent" href="intro2.htm" xml:base="lesson2/"> <file href="intro2.htm"/> <file href="picture2.gif"/> </resource> <resource identifier="RESOURCE7" type="webcontent" href="content2.htm" xml:base="lesson2/"> <file href="content2.htm"/> <file href="picture3.gif"/> </resource> <resource identifier="RESOURCE8" type="webcontent" href="summary2.htm" xml:base="lesson2/"> <file href="summary2.htm"/> <file href="picture4.gif"/> </resource> </resources> </manifest> V d s dng xml: base ch nh ng dn ti ngun ti nguyn bn ngoi v l ng dn tuyt i: <?xml version="1.0"?>
<manifest identifier="MANIFEST1" xmlns="http://www.imsproject.org/xsd/ims_cp_rootv1p1"> <metadata> <schema>IMS Content</schema> <schemaversion>1.1</schemaversion> <imsmd:record> <imsmd:general> <imsmd:title> <imsmd:langstring xml:lang="en_US">IMS Content Packaging Sample - A Remote xml:base</imsmd:langstring> </imsmd:title> </imsmd:general> </imsmd:record> </metadata> <organizations default="TOC1"> <organization identifier="TOC1"> <title>Big Title</title> <item identifier="ITEM1" identifierref="RESOURCE1"> <title>Lesson 1</title> <item identifier="ITEM2" identifierref="RESOURCE2"> <title>Introduction 1</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM3" identifierref="RESOURCE3"> <title>Content 1</title> </item> <item identifier="ITEM4" identifierref="RESOURCE4"> <title>Summary 1</title> </item> </item> </organization> </organizations>
<resources xml:base="http://repository.imsproject.org/foo/bar/"> <resource identifier="RESOURCE1" type="webcontent" href="lesson1.htm"/> <resource identifier="RESOURCE2" type="webcontent" href="intro1.htm"/> <resource identifier="RESOURCE3" type="webcontent" href="content1.htm"/> <resource identifier="RESOURCE4" type="webcontent" href="summary1.htm"/> </resources> </manifest>
Trang 108
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Phm vi ca Package Nguyn tc xc nh phm vi cho manifest v (sub)manifest c miu t nh sau:
Hnh 5.7 Nguyn tc xc nh phm vi cho manifest- (sub)manifest
Phm vi ca manifest ca Package 1 c xem l chnh n v bt k (sub)Manifest no c nh ngha bn trong n.C th l gm manifest ca chnh n v 2 (sub)Manifest l Manifest 1.1 v Manifest 1.2.
Trang 109
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Phm vi ca manifest ca Package 1.1 l chnh n v bt k (sub)Manifest no c nh ngha bn trong n. C th l gm manifest ca Package 1.1 (khng c (sub)Manifest) Tng t cho manifest ca Package 1.2 Package ch nh vic t chc cc item, cc phn t ca manifest c th khng tham chiu ngoi phm vi ca manifest. Cc phn t c tham chiu phi c cha trong cng manifest k c cc phn t l (sub)Manifest bn trong Package. Trong trng hp trn, cc phn t ca manifest ca Package 1 c th tham chiu n cc phn t bn trong (sub)Manifest 1.1 v (sub)Manifest 1.2 do chng nm trong pham vi ca manifest ca Package 1. (sub)Manifest 1.1 v (sub)Manifest 1.2 ch c th tham chiu n cc phn t manifest bn trong n. Phn t Manifest con b cm tham chiu n cc phn t ca Manifest cha. <identifierref> Phn t c tham chiu Cc phn t sau c th c tham chiu s dng thuc tnh identifierref ca item Thuc tnh identifier ca mt manifest (tham chiu n ton b manifest trong phm vi manifest ang tham chiu) Thuc tnh identifier ca mt resource (tham chiu n resource c tm thy trong mt (sub)Manifest trong phm vi Manifest ang tham chiu) Thuc tnh identifier ca mt item (tham chiu n mt item c tm thy trong mt (sub)Manifest trong phm vi ca Manifest ang tham chiu) Thuc tnh ca mt organization (tham chiu n organization c tm thy trong trong mt (sub)Manifest trong phm vi ca Manifest ang tham chiu). S dng thuc tnh <isVisible>:
Thuc tnh <isVisible> c dng hin th nu item l c hin th. Gi tr mc nh ca <isVisible> l true, c th khng s dng thuc tnh ny i vi item. c tnh ny khng c tnh tha k. V d: Example XML code <item identifier="1"> <title>A</title> <item identifier="2"> <title>B</title> <item identifier="3"> <title>C</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="4"> <title>D</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="5"> <title>E</title> </item> <item identifier="1" isVisible="false"> <title>A</title> <item identifier="2"> <title>B</title> <item identifier="3"> <title>C</title> </item>
Rendered Items
A B C D E
B C D E
</item> <item identifier="4"> <title>D</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="5"> <title>E</title> </item> <item identifier="1" isVisible="false"> <title>A</title> <item identifier="2" isVisible="true"> <title>B</title> <item identifier="3" isVisible="true"> <title>C</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="4" isVisible="true"> <title>D</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="5" isVisible="true"> <title>E</title> </item> <item identifier="1" isVisible="true"> <title>A</title> <item identifier="2" isVisible="false"> <title>B</title> <item identifier="3" isVisible="false"> <title>C</title> </item> A B C D E
Trang 112
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
</item> <item identifier="4" isVisible="false"> <title>D</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="5" isVisible="false"> <title>E</title> </item> <item identifier="1" isVisible="true"> <title>A</title> <item identifier="2" isVisible="false"> <title>B</title> <item identifier="3" isVisible="true"> <title>C</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="4" isVisible="false"> <title>D</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="5" isVisible="false"> <title>E</title> </item> <item identifier="1" isVisible="true"> <title>A</title> <item identifier="2" isVisible="true"> <title>B</title> <item identifier="3" isVisible="false"> <title>C</title> </item> A A C
Trang 113
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
</item> <item identifier="4" isVisible="false"> <title>D</title> </item> </item> <item identifier="5" isVisible="false"> <title>E</title> </item>
Bng 5.2 V d thuc tnh isvisible
Trang 114
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
5.4.2 Chun SCORM Chun ng gi ni dung trong SCORM SCORM cung cp nhng c t mt cch chi tit, nhng k thut c bn trong eLearning, nh metadata, gi ni dung (content package) v xc nh c ch cho vic giao tip vi vic hc tp hoc h thng qun l ni dung hc tp (LCMS). SCORM khng phi l ni dung hay cch truyn t kin thc. ngha ca SCORM cng khng phi l cao tnh khun mu, ng dng v mt ni dung, m n lm cho tt c cc ni dung ph hp vi mt mc k thut no x l tt hn. Nhng ni dung LO c to ra bi cng c bin son bi ging, khng b chi phi bi SCORM. Chun ng gi gip cho ni dung ca cc bi hc, mn hc khng ph thuc vo h thng qun tr ni dung hc tp (LMS). Do c t v ng gi ni dung ca SCORM v IMS gn nh ging nhau v SCORM c bit n rng ri hn. Dng ng gi SCOs SCOs l kt qu ng gi ca mt i tng hc tp LO (bi ging, mn hc) theo chun SCORM. SCORM chia cng ngh ca vic hc tp eLearning thnh cc component chc nng. Mt asset l tn gi tng trng cho phng tin truyn thng (media) nh vn bn (text), hnh nh (image), m thanh (sound), hoc bt k mt mu d liu ca mt trang web client no m c th phn pht. Hu ht cc dng c bn ca ni dung l mt asset. Asset bao gm nhng tp tin nh .doc, .wav, .jpeg, .fla, .mov, .gif, .avi, v, htm.
Trang 115
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Mt i tng ni dung chia s hay SCO l mt tp hp ca mt hoc nhiu assets, nhng asset ny cu to thnh mt learning objects. Mt SCO tng ng vi mu ni dung nh nht mc thp nht khng th chia nh c na. Nhng mu ni dung ny s c theo di, kim tra v cc thng tin chi tit bi h thng qun tr vic hc tp (LMS). Ch c mt s khc bit nh gia SCO v mt asset l SCO giao tip vi mt h thng qun tr vic hc tp (LMS). u tin, SCOs phi c tm thy trc khi SCOs c th c s dng. Cha kha tm SCOs l metadata hoc l d liu v SCO. Metadata c lu tr cng vi mt SCO v c th bao gm nhng yu cu k thut cng ngh, ni dung gio dc, ta , tc gi, s phin bn v ngy to lp. Qui trnh to lp ni dung (content aggregation) cho php SCOs c ng gi li vi nhau to nn learning experience. Vic ng gi bao gm mt tp tin manifest, tp tin ny m t nhng ni dung ca nhng gi v nhng phiu t hng (order) m SCO c phn tn n . N cng thng bo vi LMS rng nhng ni m SCO c tm thy. Mt h qun tr vic hc tp LMS l mt h thng lu tr v phn tn ni dung. LMS c th khi chy v giao tip vi SCOs, v c th th hin nhng ch th, ch v vic sp xp tun t ca SCOs c t cc thnh phn ca SCORM SCORM Package khc vi IMS Content Package kh nng cung cp nhng tng tc vi LMS. C 5 phn t m t c th s tng tc ny, LMS s dng nhng phn t ny nh ngha cc qui tc iu khin qu trnh x l ca ngi hc thng qua ni dung nh ngha. Cc phn t ny l ty chn. iu kin tin quyt Prerequisites: nh ngha item m ngi hc bt buc phi hon thnh trc khi truy xut ti item hin ti. C th s dng nh ngha nhiu tuyn thng qua cc nguyn liu hc (learning material) Thi gian ti a c php maxtimeallowed: l thi gian (tnh bng giy) LMS cho php truy xut ti item. V d, c th gii hn truy xut
ti hnh ng nh gi, bt buc tt c ngi hc phi hon thnh trong 15 pht. Hnh ng khi n thi gian hn nh timelimitaction: l hnh ng c thc hin khi vt gii hn ca max time allowed. C 4 hnh ng nh sau: Thot, khng thng bo. Thot, c thng bo. Tip tc, khng thng bo. Tip tc, c thng bo. D liu t LMS datafromlms: khi launch cho php d liu khi u c gi t LMS n item. im iu khin masteryscore: l mc im bnh thng (nm trong khong t 10 n 100) phi t c hon thnh item mt cch tha ng. T chc ni dung -Content Organization T chc ni dung l mt bn biu din d nh s dng ni dung thng qua cc n v ging dy c cu trc (nh chng ta s bit sau ny trong ny cun sch Sequencing & Navigation chng ta s gi chng l activities). Bn ch ra cc activities quan h vi nhau ra sao.
Hnh 5.8 T chc ni dung Organization
Trang 117
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Nh trn hnh v ta thy cc activities biu din trong Content Organization c th cha cc activites khc. Ni chung cc activities c th phn cp su hn vi s cp tu trong n. Cc activities khng c activity con no th c gn vi mt ti nguyn hc tp (learning resource) hoc l asset hoc l SCO v c gi l mt leaf-activity. Cc activities cha cc activites khc trong n c gi l Cluster. 5.4.3 IMS Learning Design Trnh son tho Learning Design (da trn c t IMS Learning Design) cho php to Mu hc tp (Pedagogical Templates) c th s dng li c. Ngi dng cng a thm c cc mc tiu hc tp vo (Learning Objectives), cc hot ng (activities) v cc ti nguyn hc tp. Cc mu ny c th c chnh sa ph hp vi tng mi trng gio dc c th. Cc c im ca Learning Design H tr cc c t IMS Learning Design mc A, B, v C. Giao din trc quan C gn sn trnh duyt bn trong C h thng tr gip hon chnh Xem v chnh sa ngay bn trong trnh son tho Nhp v xut cc gi IMS Learning Design Learning Design c nhng vo IMS Content Package, phn t Organization, nh vy thay th cho vic ng gi mt nhm cc thnh phn vo mt t chc.
Trang 118
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 5.9 Learning Design trong file imsmanifest.xml
Thnh phn chnh ca learning design: bao gm role, activitystructure, learning-activity, support-activity, v environment. Method , play and Role-Parts Nu bn mun thit k bi hc, phn t bt u vi mi phng thc c da vo tng mc ch kt thc ca phn t XML trong Learning Design.V th mi phng thc cha mt loi cu trc ca Play, act, v role-part, tng phn t play cha mt s phn t acts. Nhng acts ny s c chy trong tng sequence, mi ci to ra bng vic kt thc ci c trc. Play c hon thnh sau hnh ng acts hon hnh. Trong khong thi gian mt act hot ng c mt tp cc role-part, nhng role-part ny chy song song vi nhau. Acts and Activity-Structure ngha ca mt activity-structure th lun lm mi th m c gn bi role.Ti mt thi im ring bit trong tin trnh hc. Activity- structure quan trng mt cch t bit hiu iu ny khi chuyn mt phn m t n ngi thit k. Phn kh nht ca tin trnh l xc nh ci g s i vo sequence ca acts v ci g i vo activity- structure. H thng phn cp ca Learning Design Learning design Title
i tng hc Ta ca learning design

Trang 119 SVTH: Nhung, Lam
learning objectives Prerequisites Components Role learner * staff * activities
Mc ch ca vic hc Xc nh c ph thuc hay khng? Ti s dng cc thnh phn ca learning design - this is the key level of granularity Danh sch cc vai tr trong learning design Vai tr ngi hc Vai tr gio vin The Khi cc hot ng: Cc hot ng c th c mc ch, iu kin tin quyt v metadata. Trong c mt hot ng miu t (in hnh l mt trang web hng dn lm th no thc hin Activity). Nn tham kho Activity ti mt mi trng c th e.g. view this learning object Tham kho mt mi trng ti Activity A narrative description of the activity e.g. pose question to class A reference to the environment for this activity A narrative description of the activity - usually a web page, This is kept separate from the resources in the environment, and so the runtime system can treat it differently - perhaps
learning-activities* environment-ref* activity-description support- activity* enviroment-ref* activity-description
keeping it always available as a tab. activity-structures* A grouping of activities (with attributes to

determine whether individual activities are presented as selection or in sequence). At this point there is no facility for coordination of different users doing different things - that has environment-ref* to be done one level up. A reference to the environment for this activitystructure Environments The Environment Container: which contains learning objects and/or services to be used in environment* that activity Container for an individual environment (an environment is the collection of resources, Title services etc necessary for an activity) A short-name for the environment
learning objects* Learning content utilised within this environment services* A service needed for this environment to be utilised environment-ref* Metadata Method Play* ref to another environment in the package metadata about the environment The key container - cf simple sequencing Lun lun ch s dng mt nhng nhiu hn mt nn c chy trong parallel. act* Acts run in sequence, with start triggered by the end of the preceding act. Transitions between acts form synchronisation points for roles. any coordination of events has to be done at this level - it can't be done at the activity level.
role-parts*
Chy trong parallel v th nhng roles khc nhau lm khc th ti cng mt thi im. Lun lun c s dng bi gio vin v cho ngi hc, nhng c th kh phc tp - e.g. to support group-setting and role-play ref. to a specific role for this role-part. Tham kho n 1 ci c th role cho role-part ny. Tham kho n cc hot ng cho (-structure) role-part ny .
Role-ref
activity-ref
Metadata
M t Metadata cho tng Learning Design

Bng 5.3 H thng phn cp ca Learning Design
Cp ca Learning Design: C ba cp ca mt Learning Design: A, B, C nhng chng ti ch nghin cu cp u tin, cp A cc mc ch th hin mc kh d ca thit k. Learning Design level A
Trang 122
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 5.10 M t cu trc mt Learning Design cp A
Learning Design Level B: Learning Design level B cung cp cc thuc tnh (properties) v iu kin (conditions). C 2 loi Properties l: Internal v External. + Internal Properties: c mt vng tn v gi tr c nh ngha khi thit k v c chi phi theo dng s kin. + External Properties v b t vng (vocabulary) ca n: phi ph hp i vi m hnh mt ngi hc, Level B thm nhng thng tin c nhn nh kin thc c, s thch v kh nng to account trong learning design. Cung cp nhng phng php hc da trn nh gi ca ngi hc, kim tra da trn nh gi. Learning Design Level C Learning Design level C a thng tin gia cc thnh phn h thng v gia cc Vai tr, h tr dng cng vic. Activities c th c s dng a tin nhn n nhng ngi tham gia vo kha hc mt cch t ng.
N lm cho kh nng t ng ca cc activity c khi ng khi
hon thnh cc tc v. Cc s kin kt hp c th c cung cp khi activity ca mt role ph thuc vo trng thi ca cc activity
ca cc role khc. Kt qu l khi chy cc s kin l cc activity c thit lp cho ngi hc khng th on trc c. level A v level B th t ca cc activity c th on trc c.Mt kha hc Level B thng qua vic s dng properties v conditions, learning flow s ph thuc vo iu kin. Trong thc t, mi learning design l mt phng thc qui nh cc hot ng khc nhau (Activities) cho cc vai tr (Roles) ngi hc (learner) v hi ng (staff). Method m t cc Activity khc nhau cho learner v staff. Mi Activities s tham chiu n mt tp hp cc i tng (objects) v cc dch v (services) ring bit gi l Environment thc hin activity. h tr c t learning design mt cch ring bit cn c Properties, Conditions, v Notications cho ngi hc. LD_Level A: m t gn nh y nn n cha tt c nhng t vng chnh cn h tr cho tnh a dng trong gio dc. Level B v C s thm vo 3 khi nim c kh nng tng thch h tr nhng hnh vi phc tp hn. LD_Level B: thm Properties v Conditions vo level A c th c nhn ha, trnh t sp xp v kh nng tng tc phc tp hn da trn porfolios ca ngi hc. c dng iu khin cc learning activity nh bo co kt qu.Condition v Properties c tch bit thnh nhng Schema ring bit c s dng mt cch c lp cc c t ca Learning Design. LD_Level C: thm Notifications vo level B.
Trang 124
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Thng Tin Ca Mt Learning Design
Hnh 5.11 Thng tin ca mt Learning Design
Thng tin bng ca mt Component
Hnh 5.12 Thng tin bng ca mt Component
Trang 125
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Thng tin bng ca Role
Hnh 5.13 Thng tin bng ca Role
Thng tin bng cc Activities
Hnh5.14 Thng tin bng activities
Thng tin bng ca Learning activity
Trang 126
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 5.15 Thng tin bng learning activities
Trang 127
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Thng tin bng ca support-activity
Hnh 5.16 Thng tin bng support-activities
Thng tin bng ca activity-structure
Hnh 5.17 Thng tin bng activity-structure
Thng tin bng v Environment
Trang 128
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh5.18 Thng tin bng environment
Thng tin v Method
Hnh 5.19 Thng tin bng method
Trang 129
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Thng tin v service
Hnh 5.20 Thng tin bng service
Thng tin bng Play
Hnh5.21 Thng tin bng play
Thng tin bng Act
Trang 130
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 5.22: Thng tin bng act
Trang 131
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Chng 6
XY DNG WEB SITE CHO KHOA CNG NGH THNG TIN DA TRN MOODLE 6.1 Moodle 6.1.1 nh Ngha: Moodle l mt h thng qun l hc tp (Learning Management System - LMS hoc ngi ta cn gi l Course Management System hoc VLE - Virtual Learning Environment) m ngun m (do min ph v c th chnh sa c m ngun), cho php to cc kha hc trn mng Internet hay cc website hc tp trc tuyn. Moodle c cc kh nng, chc nng kh u vit nh: Ghi li cc hot ng v thi im m tng ngi s dng truy cp vo h thng nhng khng ghi li thi im that khi truy cp. Cc din n tho lun theo tng ch m ngi dng c th la chn tham gia . H tr rt nhiu ngn ng H tr ti liu ngi dng rt tt. Qun l gio vin v hc vin d dng H tr vic upload v download file C tnh s dng li cao (c th lu tr, sao chp d phng) C tnh s dng cao, th hin trong vic Moodle hin ang l h thng c s dng nhiu trn ton th gii v Vit Nam H tr vic lp k hoch v hc tp: h thng h tr rt mnh v lp k hoch hc tp chung cho c kha hc. Cc ti liu, bi ging c nh vo k hoch hc tp. Moodle l mt h qun l kha hc tp trung vo hc vin, n c thit k tr gip nhng nh gio dc to cc kha hc trc tuyn cht lng nn n nhng u im vt tri hn so vi cc h thng khc. Nh n c s dng rt ph bin trn ton th gii trong cc trng i hc, trung hc, cc cng ty v cc gio vin ring l.
6.1.2 Cng ngh HH: Window/Linux CSDL: Mysql/PorgressSQL 4.0.x/6.0.x Cng c pht trin: PHP 4.3.x, XML H tr chun SCORM 1.2 Tng thch vi cc h thng LMS khc nh WebCT, Blackboard 6.1.3 Tnh nng ca Moodle To lp v qun l cc cua (course) hc Phn tn ni dung hc ti ngi hc Tr gip ngi dy t chc cc hot ng nhm qun l cua hc: Cc nh gi, trao i thao lun, i thoi trc tip, trao i thng tin offline, cc bi hc, cc bi kim cui kho, cc bi tp ln Qun l ngi hc theo tng nhm. Qun l ti nguyn tng cua hc: Bo gm cc file, website, vn bn . T chc hi tho: Cc hc vin c th tham gia nh gi cc bi tp ln ca nhau. Qun l cc s kin, cc thng bo theo thi gian. Bo co tin trnh ca ngi hc: bo co v im, v tnh hiu qu ca vic s dng phn mm. Tr gip to lp ni dung cua hc n gin 6.1.4 i tng phc v ca Moodle Ngi qun l (Cc nh lnh o, cc gio v, qun tr h thng) Ngi dy (Cc gio vin, nhng ngi ch dn) Ngi hc (sinh vin chnh quy, ti chc, t xa, hc vin cao hc) Chc nng ca Admin To lp mt cua hc bt k Kt np thnh vin ca mt cua hc
Theo di tin trnh ca ngi hc Thit lp cc ch giao din ca cua hc Theo di lch s lm vic ca ngi hc Phn cng gio vin ph trch cua hc C th sao lu, phc hi cua hc Chc nng ca gio vin Cung cp ti nguyn cho ngi hc Cung cp ni dung hc ti ngi hc(cc file, vn bn text, gi dng Scorm) Gi mt thng bo mi ti mt nhm hoc tt c hc vin To mt din n trao i tho lun Tr li cc cu hi ca hc vin thng qua din n hoc nhn tin ni b To mt bi hc mi: c tnh logic v lin kt bi hc sau To mt bi tp ln To bi iu tra To mt bi thi trc nghim: Cc loi cu hi(ng sai, tr li ngn, nhiu chn 1, nhiu chn nhiu, ghp t, in t, tiu lun) Gim st tnh hnh hot ng ca hc vin trong cua hc Bo co kt qu thi ca hc vin Chc nng ca sinh vin ng k tham gia cua hc bt k Tham gia cc hot ng ging dy ca gio vin Tham gia hi p trn din n Tham gia thi cui kho Xem kt qu hc tp ca mnh Gi thc mc ti gio vin hoc bn hc khc
Xem cc thng bo ca cua hc 6.1.5 Mt hn ch trong Moodle Khng mnh trong tnh nng cht (ch c cc phng cht thng thng, n gin khng li cun ngi s dng ) Khng c tnh nng gi E-mail ring v ni b H tr multimedia km CSDL nh, s khng tt khi s lng User tng ln hng triu ngi. Cha c phn export cc cua hc ra gi SCORM hoc IMS Ni chung Moodle tp trung vo cc kh nng d qun tr, d cu hnh, tp trung vo k hoch ging dy v cc kiu bi tp ht sc phong ph, tuy nhin n khng h tr cc chun xy dng bi ging v n l LMS 6.1.6 u im v hng pht trin u im: y l m ngun m, chng ta c th hiu chnh, b sung ph hp. Cng ng ngi s dng ln, nn c th tr gip chng ta khi vn hnh hoc pht trin. Tng tch vi nhiu cng c to bi ging: Reload Editor, Lectora, C th trao i vi cc h thng LMS khc nh: webCT, blackboard Hng pht trin: H tr SCORM 1.4 H tr CSDL Oracle, MS SQL Server B sung chc nng Export ra gi SCORM, IMS 6.2 Cch thm mi mt kha hc vo Moodle y thc hin vic thm mi mt course vo Moodle vi gi ni dung l CoSoDuLieu.zip c to ra t phn ng gi bi hc, mn hc.
Hnh 6.1 Giao din Moodle
Trong frame Admanistrator chn Course xut hin mt mn hnh mi. G tn vo loi course sau nhn nt Add new course.Trong mn hnh tip theo, nhp cc thng tin theo yu cu hoc chn la cc la chn.
Trang 136
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 6.2 Thm mn hc trong Moodle
Click Save change sau nhn Continue mn hnh mi, s xut hin mt mn hnh khc:
Trang 137
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 6.3 Giao din qun l mt mn hc trong Moodle
Click vo nt Turn Editing on thay i cc thng tin ca course ny: Click vo ComboBox Add an Activity chn SCORM upload bi ging ln in cc thng tin vo trong mn hnh ny
Trang 138
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 6.4 Thm ni dung SCORM mi
mn hnh ny, upload mt course package, nhn nt Choose or upload a package upload mt gi ni dung (gi ny c ng gi ph hp vi chun SCORM) Mt ca s mi c m ra chn Upload file.
Hnh 6.5 Upload file
Nhn Browse chn gi ni dung cn Upload, sao nhn vo nt Upload this file trong trng hp ny s chn gi ni dung CoSoDuLieu.zip . Mt ca s mi hin ra , check vo gi ni dung
CoSoDuLieu.zip v click vo Choose s quay v mn hnh Edit SCORM. Sau nhn nt Save change. Mn hnh mi s xut hin
Hnh 6.6 Cc tp tin v th mc lin quan n ni dung hc tp
Sau nhn tip Enter course vo trang mn hnh cha cc tp tin gi ni dung CoSoDuLieu.zip. xem gi ni dung CoSoDuLieu s c kt qu sau:
Trang 140
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 6.7 M t Bi Hc
By gi bn thm mt mn CoSoDuLieu vo trong Moodle. 6.3 ng dng Moodle xy dng website o to t xa cho khoa CNTTTrng H Nng Lm TP.HCM: Site ny c thit lp vi nhng ng dng nh: Cho php ging vin dng cng c thit k bi ging l Reload Editor ng gi ni dung hc. Khi c phn l ging vin ca kha hc, ging vin c th post Gi Ni Dung ln server v phn ni dung s c hin th/ trnh din trn web browser. Ging vin cng c th update ni dung hc khi cn thit. Thnh vin l ngi hc ca kha hc c th xem trc tip hoc ly ti liu hc v. Nu l khch cng c th xem ni dung nu kha hc cho php.
Trang 141
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Chng 7
KT LUN V HNG PHT TRIN
7.1 Tng Kt 7.1.1 Phn lm c. Tm hiu, nghin cu l thuyt: Sau qu trnh tm hiu, thc hin lun vn, chng em tm hiu v nm cc vn nh: Tm hiu v cc khi nim v Learning Objects Hiu c cc nh ngha, kin trc, u v khuyt im ca h thng E-learning Vit Ha cng c Reload Editor Tm hiu cc i tng hc tp (Learning Objects Los ) trong ng cnh ng dng cng ngh thng tin my tnh. Nm c cc chun c t h tr cho vic ng gi ni dung hc tp SCORM (Sharable Content Objects Reference Model) do ADL a ra v mt chun ca IMS. Cu trc ca mt gi ni dung SCOs (Sharable Content Objects) Cng c ng gi Reload Editor H qun l o to (Learning Managerment System- LMS ) ng dng trn Moodle Cng vic Vit Ha cng c Reload Editor c hon tt nhng c mt vi phn m ngun cng nn qu trnh Vit Ha c phn gp kh khn, chng em phi modify m ngun. Reload Editor khng phi l framwork open source m n ch pht trin v cho m ngun s dng. Khng hng dn s dng v pht trin nn vit tm hiu gp rt nhiu kh khn. Chng em phi tm hiu c cch vit, cu trc bn trong ca m ngun. N ch vit ra v cho chng ta s dng m ngun v vy chng em phi modify m ngun.
Vic pht trin t mc n gin ln mc phc tp hn cha hon thnh v cha c cng c h tr vic a vo ng dng. khi Moodle tch hp c IMS Learning Design vo chng em s pht trin tip nu c iu kin. 7.1.2 Phn cha thc hin c Cha pht trin c LMS bng ngn ng java Cha nng cp cng c Reload Editor ln mc cao hn B, C 7.2 Kt qu t c Tm hiu xong cc khi nim ca Learning Objects Thc hin xong vic Vit Ha cng c Reload Editor To ni dung bi ging bng cng c Reload Editor Bi ging sau khi c to xong bng cng c s c ng gi theo chun SCORM nh vo cng c Reload Editor thnh cc gi ni dung SCOs. Cc gi ni dung SCOs c ti s dng v c tch hp ln Moodle Chy ng dng 7.3 Hng pht trin Trong tng lai, hy vng h thng ny s c p dng trong khoa Cng Ngh Thng Tin Trng H Nng Lm TP. H Ch Minh. Nng cp mc thit k bi ging ln cao hn .V n l cng c gip thy c rt nhiu trong vic son bi ging tit kim thi gian v sc lc. Nng cao hiu qu ging dy v hc tp.
Trang 143
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
PH LC Ph lc A: Hng dn s dng cng c Reload Editor to bi ging Thanh Cng c ca Reload Editor
Trang 144
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Main Menu s dng to menu chnh nh l: File menu, Edit menu, Schema menu, View menu khi ng reload cc file pht sinh ti user home gm cc folder chnh l: Helper (cp,md, scrom) Cc bc thc hin Reload Editor Bc 1: M phn mn Reload Editor
Bc 2: To mt IMS Content Package Cn chn mt folder mi lu tr package ca bn Bc 3: Ci t Workspace, thm ch trc khi chng ta thm ni dung vo package ca chng ta. Chng ta s thm ni cha l metadata. Khi bn s nhn thy nhiu hnh ng c achieved by right-click. Right-click trn file manifest, trong file manifest frame chn Add metadata. Right-click thnh phn metadata ci m c xut hin v Select Add Schema. in y thng tin trong bn xut hin. Kiu trong IMS content xut hin, iu ny c ln k hoch IMS metadata s dng phin bn v1.2.2. Bc 4: Thm mt organization Tt c cc content package u c organization. Click chut phi chn add organization t tn cho ch ca bn tt c ni dung c thm vo content package c a vo organization ny
Trang 145
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 4.5: hnh minh ha bc 4 thm organization Bc 5: Chng ta cn add ni dung ca chng ta vo chn trn thanh toolbar chn import resourse chn tt c cc file m bn mun vo trong main nh hnh Bc 6: t ta cho ni dung bn va add vo sao ko tt c ni dung bn khung bn tri qua khung bn phi di ta tiu va t. Bc 7: Chn nt preview hin th ni dung va add vo bng web Browser. Bc 8: Chn tng metadata cho t main window v click phi. Chn Edit Metadata t menu xut hin. Reload Metadata Editor c bt u. Bc 9: Thm Metadata nh yu cu, c 2 cch hin th: Form v Tree view Form view th s dng d dng nhng tm kim th c gii hn Tree view cho php nhiu hn cho vic thm thuc tnh metadata iu ny s hu dng nu ni dung ca bn c nhiu tc gi v nhiu kiu ni dung. Bc 10: Mt ln bn c th thm metadata bn s lu v s dng trnh ng gi ca bn -> click vo biu tng save v thay i khi bn to xong manifest-> bn c th click vo biu tng zip icon, bn cn cung cp tn v v tr lu file zip ca gi d liu .
Hng dn ng gi ni dung bi hc, mn hc ca cng c Reload Editor 7 bc thc hin vic ng gi ni dung bi hc, mn hc Ta thc hin vic ng gi mt LO c th l tp tin csdl.xml, ngoi ra cn c mt s tp tin v th mc km theo, cha trong mc tesrRE.
Hnh 4.19: th mc testRE Th mc cha gi ni dung kt qu l testReloadEditor. ng gi c i tng hc tp cn thc hin qua 7 bc sau: Bc 1: Nhm tp hp tt c cc tp tin v th mc ti nguyn c lin quan n i tng hc tp mun ng gi. Bc 2: M cng c Reload Editor v ca s lm vic: M cng c Reload Editor (Start Program File Reload Tool Reload Editor hoc clck vo shortcut Reload Editor trn desktop). ng gi mt bi ging, mn hc mi, click File New IMS Content Package. Mt hp thoi m ra, cho php chn th mc cha kt qu ng gi. Bn chn th mc testReloadEditor. Mt ca s mi xut hin, tn th mc cha kt qu ng gi testReloadEditor, c ba frame:
Frame th nht: hin th cy cu trc cc tp tin v th mc (tree view) Frame th hai: hin th ni dung ng gi chnh (manifest view) Frame th ba: hin th thng tin (khung nhn thuc tnh, attribute view) v cc thnh phn.
Hnh 4.20 Content-package testReloadEditor Bc 2 to gi ni dung (content package), Reload t to 4 tp tin: Bc 3: Thm tham chiu n Metadata Ti thi im ny, content package cha c ni dung, trc khi thm ni dung vo, ta nn thm vo trnh gi ch (placeholder), thm vo metadata: Click chut phi vo icon MANIFEST trong frame th 2 manifest chn Add Metadata, tip tc click phi vo icon Metadata mi c thm vo v chn Add Schema. Chn Schema v g vo textbox ca frame th ba, gi tr ca schema ny l IMS Content Click phi vo icon Metadata mt ln na v chn Add Schema Version , g vo texbox ca frame th ba, gi tr ca schema version ny l 1.2.2
Hnh 4.21 Content-package testReloadEditor Bc 3 Bc 4: Thm Items v Organisations: thm ni dung, dng chc nng Import Resourse : Click phi vo th mc testReloadEditor frame th nht, chn Import Resourse hoc vo menu File Import Resourse M mt hp thoi mi cho php la chn th mc c tp tin cn ng gi, y chn th mc testRE. Trong th mc ny, chn tp tin cn ng gi l csdl.xml, ngoi ra cn c th chn thm cc tp tin v th mc c lin quan n tp tin csdl.xml ny bng cch check vo checkbox Insludes dependent file. Trong trng hp ny, chn tt c cc tp tin v th mc con nm trong th mc testRE. Click Open, nu Reload Editor m ra mt hp thoi yu cu ghi ln nhng tp tin c sn th nhn nt yes. By gi trn frame th nht (bn tri) s xut hin tt c cc tp tin v th mc con trong th mc testRE. To mt Organisations Click phi vo Organisation
Chn Add Organisation t tn cho Organisation l Main Thm Items
Hnh 4.22 Content-package testReloadEditor Bc 4.1 thm ni dung vo gi ni dung, thm ni dung vo Organisation Main trn bng cch ko th tng tp tin ni dung mi c thm vo frame th nht bn tri vo Organisation Main Lc ny trong Resources cng s t ng thm vo nhng tp tin v th mc con nh trong Main Organisation.
Trang 150
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 4.23: Content-package testReloadEditor Bc 4.2 Bc 5: Xem gi Package xem ni dung ng gi trn trnh duyt Web, click Preview Content Package trn thanh cng c chnh Mt ca s m ra, mt frame bn tri cha cc tp tin v th mc con c ng gi, frame bn trong phi rng. Click chn csdl s thy nh hnh
Trang 151
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 4.24 Content-package testReloadEditor Bc 5 Bc 6: Cu trc li v t tn gi d nh. C th t li tn cho Main Organisation trc khi Export Hoc c th t tn li cho tp tin, th mc con trong gi ni dung cho gi nh v r ngha. y ta i tn tp tin csdl thnh C S D Liu Thay i cu trc bn trong gi ni dung bng cch sp xp li trt t cc tp tin, th mc trong gi ni dung. Cch thc hin l Move up v Move down Xem li ln na trc khi Export.
Trang 152
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Hnh 4.25: Content-package testReloadEditor Bc 6 Bc 7: Lu ni dung ng gi lu gi ni dung ny, click icon Save Gi ni dung c ng gi thnh file zip, cha ni dung cc thnh phn c ng gi. Gi ny ph hp vi chun SCORM v metadata. Chng ta thc hin xong vic ng gi mt ni dung mn hc theo chun SCORM.
Ph lc B: Hng dn ci t v s dng Moodle Hng dn ci t Ci t Moodle iu ny hng dn bn cch lm th no ci t Moodle ln u tin. i vi mt s bc ci t n c th din gii chi tit bao ph ton b cc vn ci t trong web server, v th ti liu c th di v phc tp. Bn ng nn lo lng v iu ny, mt khi bn bit lm th no ci t n th bn c th ci t Moodle mt cch d dng. Moodle c pht trin ch yu trong Linux s dng Apache, MySQL v PHP (i khi n cng c bit n nh l nn tng LAMP), nhng n cng
c th nghim chnh thc vi PostgreSQL v trn Windows XP, Mac OS X v cc h iu hnh Netware 6 Cc yu cu i vi Moodle nh sau: Phn mm Web server. Tt c mi ngi s dng Apache, nhng Moodle s lm vic tt di bt k web server m c h tr PHP, nh IIS trn nn Windows. PHP kch bn ngn ng( phin bn 4.1.0 hoc mi hn). PHP 5 c h tr cho phin bn Moodle 1.4. Mt c s d liu lm vic trn server: MySQL hoc PostgreSQL c h tr hon ton v c gi nn s dng vi Moodle. Phn ln cc trnh ch web h tr tt c iu ny theo mc nh. Nu bn ng nhp vi mt s webhost m khng h tr nhng c trng ny yu cu chng ti sao, v cn nhc ni vi cng ty ca bn mt ni khc. Nu bn mun chy Moodle trn ring my ca bn v tt c iu ny c th lm nn ch bn, th vui lng nhn hng dn ca chng ti: Ci t Apache, MySQL v PHP. N cung cp mt s hng dn tng bc ci t tt c trn cc nn ph bin nht. Ti xung v copy cc file vo trong mt v tr: C hai cch nhn Moodle, nh l mt gi c nn qua CVS. Nhng iu ny c gii thch chi tit trong trang ti xung: http://moodle.org/download/. Sau khi ti xung v gii nn, hoc kim tra cc file qua CVS, bn s n vo trong mt th mc gi l "moodle", cha mt s cc file v cc danh mc. Bn c th t ton b cc danh mc trong th mc cc ti liu web server ca bn, trong trng hp site s c xc nh http://yourwebserver.com/moodle, hoc bn c th copy tt c ni dung mt cch trc tip vo th mc cc ti liu web server chnh, trong trng hp site s n gin l http://yourwebserver.com.
Trang 154
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Nu bn ang ti Moodle xung ti my tnh ca bn v sau ti n ln web site ca bn, cch tt nht l nn trong mt file ri ti ln, v sau gii nn gi trn server. Ngay c khi cc giao din web hosting ging nh Cpanel cho php bn gii nn cc ti liu c nn trong phn "qun l File ". Cu trc ca Site Bn c th b qua phn ny, nhng y l mt tm tt nhanh v ni dung danh mc Moodle, nhm gip bn c c nh hng: config.php install.php version.php index.php cha cc thit lp c bn. File ny khng c trong Moodle bn s to n. kch bn ny s chy to file config.php nh ngha phin bn hin ti ca m Moodle trang u tin ca site Bng 6.1: Cu trc ca Site
admin/ - tp cc quy lut qun tr ton b server auth/ - thm cc Module chng thc ngi dng blocks/ - thm cc Module i vi cc khi site nh trn nhiu trang Calender/ - tt c m i viqun l v hin th cc lch biu c course/ - tp cc quy lut hin th v qun l cc cua hc doc/ - ti liu tr gip dnh cho Moodle (v d trang ny) files/ - tp cc quy lut hin th v qun l cc file c ti ln lang/ - vn bn cc ngn ng khc nhau, mi ngn ng cha c mt th mc ring lib/ - cc th vin m chnh yu ca Moodle login/ - tp cc quy lut iu khin ng nhp v to ti khon mod/ - tt c cc Module cua hc ch yu ca Moodle y pix/ - cc hnh v ca site chung theme/ - cho php thay i kiu dng, mu sc ca site. user/ - tp cc quy tc hin th v qun l ngi dng Chy kch bn ci t to config.php:
Trang 155
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
chy kch bn ci t (install.php), c gng truy cp a ch URL moodle ca bn s dng mt trnh duyt web, hoc truy cp http://yourserver/install.php mt cch trc tip. (phn ci t s thit lp mt session cookie. Nu bn nhn mt cnh bo trong trnh duyt ca bn m bo rng bn truy cp cookie ) Moodle nhn thy rng cu hnh l cn thit v s hng dn bn qua mt s mn hnh nhm gip bn to ra mt file cu hnh gi l config.php. thi im kt thc ca tin trnh ci t Moodle s c gng v ghi file v tr ph hp, mt khc bn c th n mt nt ti n xung t phn ci t v sau ti file config.php ln vo trong th mc chnh ca Moodle trn server. Phn ci t s kim tra mi trng server ca bn v a cho bn vi gi v lm th no c nh bt k vn no. i vi hu ht cc vn ph bin nht nhng gi ny nn thit thc, nhng nu bn b mc kt th nhn di y bit nhiu thng tin hn v cc vn . To mt th mc d liu Moodle s cn mt s khng gian a trng trn my ch ca bn lu tr cc file c ti ln, ging nh cc ti liu cua hc v cc nh ngi dng. Phn ci t Moodle installer s c gng to mt th mc ny cho bn nhng nu n b tht bi th bn s phi to mt th mc ny bng tay. nng cao tnh bo mt, tt nht th mc ny khng l th mc c th truy cp c qua web. Cch tt nht lm iu ny l n mt ni ngoi th mc web , nhng nu bn cn phi c n trong th mc web th bo v n bi to mt file trong th mc data gi l .htaccess, bao gm dng ny: ph nhn tt c chc chn rng Moodle c th ct tt c nhng file c ti ln trong th mc ny, kim tra rng phn mm trnh ch web (v d Apache) c cho php c, ghi v thc hin trong th mc ny khng. Trn cc my ci h iu hnh Unix, iu ny c ngha l thit lp ch nhn ca thu mc ging nh "nobody"hoc "apache", v sau cho php ngi dng c th c, ghi v thc hin.
Trn cc h thng bng iu khin bn c th s dng "File Manager" tm cc danh mc, nhn chut vo n, sau chn "Change Permissions". Trn nhiu trnh ch c chia s d liu, bn hu nh cn hn ch tt c cc file truy cp ti "group" ca bn (ngn cn s thay i file ca bn t cc i tng bn ngoi), nhng cung cp y truy cp c/ghi ti nhng ngi khc (iu ny cho php web server truy cp cc file ca bn). Ni vi nh qun tr server ca bn nu bn c bt k vn no v thit lp bo mt. C th mt s site m s dng c trng PHP ging nh "Safe Mode" c th yu cu nh qun tr to th mc ny mt cch ph hp cho bn. Chuyn ti trang qun tr tip tc cu hnh Mt file c s config.php c to ng cch thc trong bc u tin, th truy cp trang u tin trong site ca bn n s a bn n trang "qun tr" bn cu hnh cc phn cn li. Ln u tin bn truy cp trang qun tr ny, gii thiu cng vi mt GPL "shrinkwrap" ng vi nhng g m bn chn phi c chp nhn trc khi bn c th tip tc ci t . By gi Moodle s bt u thit lp c s d liu v to cc bng lu tr d liu. u tin, cc bng d liu chnh c to. Bn s nhn thy mt s cu lnh ca SQL c theo sau bi cc thng bo trng thi (mu xanh hoc mu ) iu trng ging nh sau: CREATE TABLE course ( id int(10) unsigned NOT NULL auto_increment, category int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', password varchar(50) NOT NULL default '', fullname varchar(254) NOT NULL default '', shortname varchar(15) NOT NULL default '', summary text NOT NULL, format tinyint(4) NOT NULL default '1', teacher varchar(100) NOT NULL default 'Teacher', startdate int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', enddate int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', timemodified int(10) unsigned NOT NULL default '0', PRIMARY KEY (id)) TYPE=MyISAM Thnh cng ...v vn vn, k theo bi: Thit lp c s d liu chnh thnh cng.
Nu bn khng nhn thy nhng iu ny, th c th c mt s vn v c s d liu ca bn hoc cc thit lp cu hnh m bn nh ngha trong file cu hnh config.php. Kim tra xem PHP khng trong mt ch b gii hn "Safe Mode" (mt s web host thng mi c ch "Safe mode" c bt l on). Bn c th kim tra cc bin PHP bi vic to mt file nh cha <?php phpinfo() ?> v xem xt n qua mt trnh duyt. Kim tra tt c nhng iu ny v th li trang ny. Nhn vo nt "Tip tc" cui trang.Bn s nhn thy mt form m bn c th nh ngha nhiu hn cc bin cu hnh cho phn ci t ca bn, ging nh cc mc nh ngn ng, SMTP hosts v vn vn. ng lo lng nhiu v lm mi th ph hp by gi - bn c th quay tr li son tho nhng ci ny ln sau s dng giao din qun tr. Cc thit lp mc nh c thit k l hu ch v bo mt i vi hu ht cc site. Nhn chut vo nt "Ct nhng thay i" pha cui ca trang. Nu bn gp s c trn trang ny, khng c kh nng tip tc,th trnh ch ca bn c th c vn g ti gi vn l "buggy referrer" . iu ny th d c nh: bt thit lp "secureforms" l off, sau th tip tc li. Tip theo bn s nhn thy nhiu trang hn m in ra nhiu thng bo trng thi nh khi bn thit lp tt c cc bng c yu cu bi cc Module Moodle khc nhau. Nh u tin chng s l tt c mu xanh. Nhn vo nt "Tip tc" cui trang. Trang tip theo l mt form m bn c th nh ngha cc tham s cho site Moodle ca bn v trang u tin, nh tn, nh dng, m t vn vn. in y thng tin ny (bn c th quay li son tho li cc iu ny ln sau) v nhn nt "Ct tt c nhng thay i". Cui cng, bn s c yu cu to mt ngi dng qun tr cao nht i vi cc truy cp trong tng lai trn cc trang qun tr. in y chi tit tn, email vn vn v nhn nt "Ct nhng thay i".Khng phi bt buc i vi tt c cc trng , nhng nu bn thiu bt k trng thng tin no bn s c nhc nh in y .
Trang 158
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
m bo rng bn nh tn ng nhp v mt khu m bn chn i vi ti khan ngi qun tr, bi v chng s cn thit truy cp trang qun tr trong tng lai. (Nu c bt k nguyn nhn no i vi vn ci t ca bn b ng ngt, th c th l mt li ca h thng ngn cn vic bn ng nhp bi s dng ti khon qun tr, bn c th s dng ng nhp theo mc nh bi s dng tn ng nhp ca "admin", cng vi mt khu ca"admin".) Khi thnh cng, bn s quay tr li trang ch trn site mi ca bn! Ch rng kt ni qun tr m n xut hin pha bn tay tri ca trang (nhng mc ny cng xut hin trn mt trang ngn cch qun tr) - Nhng mc ny ch xut hin i vi bn bi v bn ng nhp nh l mt admin. Tt c cc vic qun tr khc ca Moodle by gi c th c thc hin bi s dng menu ny, v d: To v xa cc cua hc To v son tho cc ti khan ngi dng Qun l cc ti khan gio vin Thay i cc thit lp site-wide ging nh mu sc, phng ch ca site vn vn Nhng bn cha lm n! C mt iu quan trng m bn phi lm l (nhn phn tip theo trn cron). Thit lp cron Mt s Module ca Moodle yu cu kim tra lin tc cc cng vic thc hin. V d, Moodle cn kim tra cc din n tho lun v th n c th gi cc bn copy cc thng bo gi ln ti nhng ngi tham gia. Kch bn lm tt c iu l ch ra v tr trong th mc qun tr, v c gi l cron.php. Tuy nhin, bn thn n th khng c kh nng chy c, v th bn cn thit lp mt ni m kch bn ny c thc hin mt cch hp l(v d 5 hay 10 pht mt ln). iu ny cung cp "nhp p " v th kch bn c th thc hin cc chc nng giai on nh ngha mi Module. Kiu ny c bit n nh l mt dch v cron.
Ch rng my thc hin cron khng cn l phi ging my ang chy Moodle. V d, nu bn c mt dch v cung cp cc host web b gii hn m khng c mt dch v cron no, th bn c th chn chy cron trn my ch khc hoc trn my tnh c nhn ca bn. Tt c cc vn quan trng c gii quyt trong file cron.php . Np kch bn ny th khng mt nhiu thi gian, thng hp l l khong 5 pht, nhng nu bn cm thy lo lng v n bn c th thay i thi gian ging nh 15 pht hoc 30 pht. Tt nht khng nn thi gian ny qu ln, bi v s tr trong vic gi mail c th lm cho hot ng ti v chm tr trong cua hc. u tin, kim tra xem kch bn lm vic nh th no bi chy n trc tip t trnh duyt ca bn: http://example.com/moodle/admin/cron.php By gi, bn c th cn ci t mt s cch thc hin kch bn mt cch t ng v hp quy cch. To mt cua hc mi By gi Moodle ang hot ng bnh thng, bn c th th to mt cua hc mi s dng. Chn "To mt cua hc mi" t trang qun tr (hoc kt ni n trang qun tr trn trang ch). in y cc thng tin vo form, chi ph cua hc. Bn khng nn lo lng nhiu v giai on ny, bi v mi th c th c thay i ln sau bi gio vin. Ch rng cc biu tng tr gip mu vng cung cp cc thng tin tr gip ph hp vi tng ng cnh. Nhn " Ct nhng thay i", v n s a bn ti mt form mi m bn c th phn cng gio vin cho cua hc. Bn c th ch thm cc ti khan ngi dng tn ti t form ny- nu bn mun to mt ti khan gio vin mi th hoc yu cu gio vin t to cho mnh mt ti khon (xem trn trang ng nhp), hoc to mt ti khon cho h s dng "Thm mt ngi dng mi" trn trang qun tr.
Trang 160
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Khi thc hin,ta c th ty bin la chn cua hc, v c truy cp qua kt ni "Cc cua hc" trn trang ch. Hng dn dnh cho gio vin Cc thit lp cua hc iu u tin bn nn lm l nhn xung pha di " Qun tr" trn trang ch cua hc ca bn v nhn chut vo "Thit lp..." (Ch rng ng kt ni ny, v thc th ton b phn qun tr ch c sn i vi bn (v nh qun tr site). Hc vin s khng nhn thy nhng ng kt ni ny ) . Trn trang thit lp bn c th thay i mt s thit t v cua hc ca bn, Sp xp t tn ca n n ngy no n bt u. Ti s khng ni y v tt c nhng iu bi v tt c chng u c biu tng tr gip n s gii thch tt c chng mt cch chi tit. Tuy nhin, ti s ni v nhng ci quan trng y nh dng cua hc . nh dng cua hc m bn chn s quyt nh cch b tr c bn cua hc ca bn, ging nh mt ci mu. Phin bn Moodle 1.0 c 3 nh dng - trong tng lai c th s c nhiu hn. y l mt s mn hnh minh ho ca 3 cua hc tho mi nh dng ( b qua s khc nhau v mu sc, n c thit t i vi to b site bi nh qun tr site ):

nh dng hng tun nh dng theo ch nh dng mang tnh x hi
Ch rng cc nh dng hng tun v nh dng cc ch th rt n gin trong cu trc. S khc nhau chnh l mi hp trong nh dng hng tun bao gm chnh xc mt tun, m trong nh dng ch mi hp c th bao gm bt c ci g bn mun. nh dng mang tnh x hi khng s dng ni dung tt c v da trn xung quanh mt din n - iu ny c hin th trn trang chnh. Ti cc file ln
Trang 161
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Bn c ni dung tn ti m bn mun thm vo cua hc ca bn, v d cc trang web, cc file m thanh, cc file hnh nh, cc ti liu vn bn, hoc cc nh flash sinh ng. Bt k kiu file no m tn ti bn c th ti ln vo trong cua hc ca bn v lu tr trn my ch. Trong khi cc file ca bn ang trn my ch bn c th di chuyn, i tn, son tho hoc xo chng. Tt c nhng file ny c lu thng qua kt ni Cc File trong danh mc qun tr ca bn . Danh mc cc file ging nh sau: Giao din ny ch c sn i vi cc gio vin- cc hc vin khng c php truy cp. Cc file ring l c lm c sn i vi cc hc vin ln sau (nh " cc ti nguyn " - xem phn tip theo). Khi bn c th xem trong mn hnh rt gn, cc file c ghi vo mt danh sch cc th mc con bn cnh. Bn c th to bt k s danh mc con no qun l cc file ca bn v di chuyn cc file ca bn t ch ny ti ch khc. Ti cc file ln qua web hin hnh b gii hn mt file mt thi gian. Nu bn mun ti ln nhiu file cng mt lc (v d ton b mt web site), n c th d hn nhiu s dng mt chng trnh zip hon thnh nn chng vo trong mt file n, ti mt file zip v sau gii nn chng tr li trn my ch (bn s nhn thy mt "unzip" ng kt ni tip theo ti cc v tr lu tr file zip). quan xem trc bt k file no bn c th ti ln bi vic nhn chut vo tn ca n. Trinh duyt web ca bn s hin th n hoc ti n xung my ca bn. Cc file HTML v cc file vn bn c th c son tho trc tuyn. Cc file khc cn c son tho trn my tnh cc b ca bn v ti ln li. Nu bn ti ln mt file cng vi mt tn tng t ca mt file tn ti n s t ng c ghi . Mt ch cui cng: Nu ni dung ca bn nm mt ch c nh trn web th bn khng cn ti ln tt c cc file cng mt lc - bn c th kt ni trc
tip ti chng t bn trong ca hc (nhn Module cc ti nguyn v phn tip theo). Thit lp cc hot ng Xy dng mt cua hc bao gm thm cc Module hot ng ca cua hc ti trang chnh theo mt th t cc hc vin c th nhn thy chng. Bn c th b tr li th t bt k lc no bn thch . bt nt son tho, nhn chut trn nt "Bt son tho" di qun tr. iu ny cho php chuyn i cc iu khin nhn thy hoc n cho php bn son tho bng tay trong cua hc chnh ca bn. Ch trong mn hnh u tin trn (ca cua hc nh dng hng tun) cc iu khin son tho c bt ln. thm mt hot ng mi, n gin chuyn ti phn tun hoc ch hoc phn ca mn hnh m bn mun son tho n, v chn kiu hot ng t danh sch th xung. y l mt s tng kt tt c cc hot ng chun trong Moodle 1.0: Bi tp ln Mt bi tp ln l bn thit lp cc nhim v vi mt hn cui np bi v mt gi tr im ti a. Cc hc vin s c kh nng ti ln mt file ti phn c yu cu. Ngy hc ti ln cc file ca h c ghi li, sau bn s c mt c mt trang n trn bn c th xem mi file ( v n c np sm hay mun th no), v sau ghi mt im hoc mt ch thch .Na gi sau khi bn cho im bt k hc vin no, Moodle s t ng email thng bo cho sinh vin . La chn Mt hot ng la chn th rt n gin - bn yu cu mt cu hi v ch ra mt la chn ca cc cu tr li. Cc hc vin c th lm cc la chn ca h, v bn c mt mn hnh thng bo bn c th nhn thy cc kt qu. Ti s dng n thu thp cc ni dung tm kim t cc hc vin ca ti, nhng bn c th s dng n bu c nhanh. Din n
Trang 163
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Module ny quan trng nht - y c th tho lun mi vn . Khi bn thm mt din n mi, bn s th hin n cng vi mt la chn cc kiu khc nhau - mt ch tho lun n gin, mt din n dnh cho tho lun t do mi vn , hoc mt din n tho lun or a one-discussion-thread-per-user. Ti nguyn Ti nguyn l ni dung ca cua hc. Mi ti nguyn c th l bt k mt file no m bn ti ln hoc c th ch ra bi vic s dng mt a ch URL. Bn c th duy tr cc trang da trn cc vn bn n gin bi g chng mt cch trc tip vo mt biu mu. Bi thi Module ny cho php bn thit k v to cc bi kim tra, bao gm nhiu la chn , ng -sai, v cc cu tr li ngn. Nhng cu hi ny c lu tr trong mt danh mc c s d liu , v c th c s dng li trong cc cua hc v ngay gia cc cua hc. Cc bi kim tra c th cho php nhiu ln th nghim. Mi ln th nghim c t ng nh du , v gio vin c th chn a cc thng tin phn hi hoc nhn thy cc cu tr li ng. Module ny bao gm nh gi kh nng hc tp ca cc hc vin.
Trang 164
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
Kho st Module ny cung cp mt s ti liu chnh thc kho st c gii hn m hu ch trong nh gi v hiu lp hc ca bn. Hin hnh chng bao gm cc ti liu chnh thc COLLES v ATTLS. Chng c th c a ra cho cc hc vin sm trong cua hc nh l mt cng c chn on v thi im kt thc cua hc vi mt cng c nh gi (Ti s dng mt ci mi tun trong cc cua hc ca ti). Sau khi thm cc hot ng ca bn bn c th di chuyn chng ln trn hoc xung di trong b tr cua hc ca bn bi vic nhn chut vo cc biu tng mi tn tip theo i vi mi ci. Bn cng c th xo chng bi s biu tng mi tn v son tho li chng bi s dng biu tng son tho. Thc hin cua hc C mt s k hoch pht trin ti liu ny thnh mt ti liu hng dn d hiu hn . Cui cng y l mt s kin: 1. T bn tham gia vo tt c cc din n v th bn c th duy tr cng vi cc hot ng trong lp hc ca bn. 2. Khuyn khch tt c cc hc vin in vo y thng tin trong h s ngi dng ca h (bao gm cc nh) v c tt c chng - iu ny s gip cung cp mt s ng cnh v gip bn tr li theo mt s cch m ph hp vi nhu cu ca bn . 3. Keep notes to yourself in the private "Din n dnh cho gio vin" (di qun tr).y l mt din n c bit dnh cho cc gio vin tho lunh. 4. S dng " kt ni cc bn ghi" (di qun tr) nhn c cc truy cp y , cc bn ghi theo hng. Trong bn s nhn thy mt ng kt ni ti mt ca s th xung m cp nht mi pht mt ln v nhn thy cc hot ng trc Diu ny rt hu ch duy tr m ra trn ca s ca bn tt c cc ngy v bn c th bit c cc hot ng sp ti trong cua hc. 5. S dng "Cc thng bo hot ng" (tip theo l mi tn trong danh sch ca tt c mi ngi, hoc t bt k trang h s ngi dng no). iu
ny cung cp mt cch nhn tng th nht nhng g m mi thnh vin tham gia trong cua hc. 6. Tr li nhanh cho cc hc vin. ng n chm hn - lm n theo cch ph hp. Not only is it easy to become overwhelmed with the volume that can be generated, nhng n l mt phn xy dng v duy tr mt cng ng trong cua hc ca bn.
Ph lc C: Cc t chc ni ting trong vic a ra cc c t trong eLearning Aviation Industry CBT Committee (AICC) www.aicc.org Thnh lp nm 1988, AICC l mt t chc quc t chuyn nghip o to da trn cng ngh. H to ra cc ch dn trong o to ca nghnh hng khng. Mc ch ca h l o to hiu qu, chi ph thp. H xut bn rt nhiu cc ch dn trong o to bao gm c cc cu hnh v phn cng v phn mm nhng hng dn ca h v o to da trn my tnh (CMI Computer Based Instruction) c nhng nh hng rt ln. V d nh AICC CMI001 cung cp cc ch dn m theo bn c th to ra cc ni dung da trn CMI v cung cp tnh tng thch cao vi cc LMS khc nhau. Institue for Electrical and Eletronic Engineers Learning Technology Standards Committee (IEEE LTSC) www.ltsc.ieee.org IEEE l mt t chc a ra cc chun v cc khuyn co v in, in t, my tnh, v cc h thng lin lc, trao i thng tin. Cc c t ca IEEE c cng nhn rng ri v tr thnh cc chun quc t. Trong E-learning, c t c chp nhn rng ri nht ca IEEE LTSC l Learning Object Metadata (LOM) m nh ngha mt nhm cc thnh phn hay cc thnh phn m t cc i tng hc tp
Trang 166
SVTH: Nhung, Lam
nh tn kha hc, mc kh, ngi son bi ging, ngy son bi ging. IMS v ADL u dng cc thnh phn v cu trc ca c t ny. IMS Global Consortium www.imsproject.org IMS l mt tp hp cc t chc ngi bn v ngi trin khai (implementers) c cng mc ch l tp trung pht trin cc c t cho XML. Nhng c t ny m t cc c im quan trng ca kha hc, bi hc, cc bi kim tra, hc vin v cc nhm. Thm vo , cc c t v Best Practice Guidelines cung cp cu trc biu din cu trc cho meta-data trong e-learning. M t cc ti nguyn hc tp gip bn tm kim chng, trao i chng v qun l chng d dng hn. Cc c t ni ting ca IMS c chp nhn rng ri l IMS Meta-data, IMS Content Packaging, v gn y l IMS Sequencing and Navigation. Cc thut ng thng dng trong SCORM ADL Co-Laboratory (ADL Co-Lab) Network : Mt mng cung cp cc c s vt cht v cc ti nguyn cn thit thc y vic nghin cu hp tc, pht trin v nh gi cc cng c, cc chun, ni dung v cc ch dn cho ADL Initiative. SCORM Run-time Environment Application Program Interface (API) : Cung cp c ch trao i thng tin vi cc ni dung hc tp nh khi no bi hc bt u v kt thc, im ca sinh vin tham gia l bao nhiu Ni dung hc tp chnh xc hn l SCO s c nh ngha phn di Assets: L nhng thnh phn c bn nht ca ni dung hc tp nh cc media, text, nh, m thanh, trang web, cc i tng nh gi kt qu hc tp hay cc thnh phn d liu khc c th a ti Web Client ( d hiu hn c th xem l hc vin) Content Organization: L mt bn ( hay mt cy ) c to thnh t cc n v hc tp nh hn c cu trc m d nh a ra cho ngi hc s dng.
Content Model: Thut ng dng nh ngha cc thnh phn ca ni dung hc tp m mang mt mc ch no v kin thc d nh a cho hc vin ( learning experience) Cotent Packaging: Cung cp mt cch chun trao i thng tin vi cc ti nguyn s ( c to ra bng cng ngh s) gia cc h thng khc nhau. Content Packaging cng nh ngha cu trc v cc m t cn thit v cc ti nguyn hc tp c trong . SCORM Run-time Environment (RTE) Data Model: nh ngha cc thnh phn thng tin dng trao i gia LMS v SCO nh thng tin v cc ti nguyn hc tp. Tc l LMS v SCO u bit v cc d liu cn trao i vi nhau, v cc d liu c gi l RTE Data Model. Learning Management System (LMS ): Mt tp cc chc nng dng phn phi, to bo co v qun l cc ni dung hc tp, cng nh kt qu hc tp ca hc vin. Meta-data: Cung cp mt tp thut ng chung dng m t thng tin ca cc ti nguyn hc tp. N c th a vo cc catalog ring r hay a trc tip vo cc file c ng gi. Tc dng ca Meta-data l dng h tr cho vic tm kim, lu tr v s dng li. Gm 3 loi meta-data chnh l : Asset Meta-data Content Organization Meta-data SCO Meta-data The Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM): Dng trong ng cnh hc tp da trn nn tng Web trong cc i tng hc tp bao gm Content Aggregation Model v Run-time Environment Model. Cc khi nim s c gii thch ngay di y : SCORM Content Aggregation Model (CAM) : Cung cp cc phng php chng kt hp cc ni dung hc tp t t ccti nguyn hc tp c tnh kh chuyn. s dng li c v pht hin c.
SCORM Run-Time Environment: Cung cp phng tin trao i thng tin gia SCO v LMS. SCORM Sequencing and Navigation: Cc lut m LMS phi tun theo th hin mt ni dung hc tp c mc ch no i vi hc vin. Ngi pht trin ni dung chu trch nhim t ra cc lut m LMS phi tun theo. Nhng lut ny c trnh by trong phn Content Structure v m ha trong phn t chc (organization) ca Content Packaging. Application Programming Interface(API): cc yu cu v LMS API, cc yu cu trao i thng tin SCORM, cc iu kin s pht sinh li trong trao i thng tin).
Trang 169
SVTH: Nhung, Lam

Tìm hiểu Learning Object và Việt Hóa công cụ Reload Editor trong thiết kế bài giảng

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tìm hiểu Learning Object và Việt Hóa công cụ Reload Editor trong thiết kế bài giảng

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tm hiu Learning Object v Vit Ha cng c Reload Editor trong thit k bi ging

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

Hnh 1.1 M hnh E-learning

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

Cc chc nng ca gio vin trong m hnh ging dy v hc tp truyn thng:

Hnh 1.2 Cc chc nng ca gio vin

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

1.2.2 Phng php E-learning M hnh hc tp theo phng php E-learning.

Hnh 1.3 Cc chc nng ca h thng E-LEARNING

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

Mt cuc kho st s ci tin ca phng php ging dy da trn k thut

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

C th hc bt c lc no, ti bt k ni u. K thut phc tp. Trc khi c

C th t quyt nh vic hc ca mnh. Hc Vic hc c th bun t. Mt s

cn nhng kho hc trn mng c thit k Vic hc qua mng yu cu bn

hc ngoi ng hai; v nhng ngi khng c h. Mt s ngi s cm thy kh

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

kha, tc gi, c. i vi ngi pht trin:

cc ng gp c tch hp trong phin bn cui cng.

v ngi dng mun s dng ngun ti nguyn ca h.

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

1.3.3 u v nhc im ca vic s dng LO trong thit k bi ging u im

ch v phn mm cn thit cho vic khng nh. Cc hc vin hiu c gi tr ca

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

Chng 2 PHT BIU BI TON

Hnh 2.1 M hnh trin khai e-Learning

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

3.1.4 Cc m hnh: M hnh ca Learning Object:

Hnh 3.1 M hnh ca LO

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

M hnh RLO/RLO ca CISCO:

Hnh 3.2 M hnh RLO/RIO ca CISCO

Bng3.1 S tng quan gia m hnh RLO vi m hnh th vin

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh

SVTH: Nhung, Lam

Hnh 3.3 Xy dng RLO/RIO trong kha hc Qui hoch v qun l d n

GVHD:Th.s Nguyn c Thnh