E-LEARNING V NG DNG TRONG DY HC

H NI, 10 THNG 3 NM 2011

MC LC PHN 1. C BN V E-LEARNING ..................................................................... 4 1.1. KHI NIM ......................................................................................................... 4 1.2. M HNH H THNG E-LEARNING................................................................ 5 1.3. U IM V HN CH CA E-LEARNING ................................................... 6
1.3.1 u im ca e-Learning ............................................................................................ 6 1.3.2 Hn ch c a e-Learning ............................................................................................. 7

1.4. CC HNH TH C HC TP VI E-LEARNING.............................................. 8

1.4.1 H c tp trc tuyn (Online learning) .......................................................................... 8 1.4.2 H c tp hn hp (Blended learning)........................................................................... 8

1.5. NGUN LC CHO E-LEARNING ..................................................................... 8

1.5.1. Con ngi ................................................................................................................. 8 1.5.2. H tng Cng ngh thng tin ..................................................................................... 9

1.6. THC TRNG E-LEARNING TI VIT NAM ............................................... 10 1.7. T NH GI .................................................................................................. 11 1.8. TI LIU THAM KHO ................................................................................... 14 PHN 2. H THNG QUN L HC TP ........................................................ 15 2.1. KHI QUT CHUNG V H THNG QUN L HC TP ......................... 15
2.1.1. nh ngha .............................................................................................................. 15 2.1.2. Chc nng c a LMS ............................................................................................... 15 2.1.3. Nhim v ca LMS ................................................................................................. 15 2.1.4. Phn loi ................................................................................................................. 16

2.2. H THNG QUN L HC TP MOODLE ................................................... 16

2.2.1. Gii thiu v h th ng qu l h c tp Moodle ......................................................... 16 2.2.2. Ci t h th ng qun l hc tp Moodle c c b trn windows ............................... 17 2.2.3. Thit lp thng s h th ng ..................................................................................... 24
a. Thit lp giao di n cho h thng: ...........................................................................................24 b. Thit lp trang ch:................................................................................................................25 c. Xc lp cc ch bo mt v chnh sch ca h thng..........................................................25 d. Thit lp ngn ng cho h thng ............................................................................................26

2.2.4. Cc chc nng qun l ............................................................................................ 27

a. Chc nng qun l thnh vin ................................................................................................27 b. Chc nng qun l kha hc ..................................................................................................27 c. Chc nng qun l m-un: ...................................................................................................28

2.2.5. To, nhp kha hc ................................................................................................. 28

a. To ni dung kha hc: .........................................................................................................31 b. To hot ng cho kha hc ..................................................................................................32

2.2.5. a Moodle ln trn mng internet ......................................................................... 36

2.3. THC HNH..................................................................................................... 37 2.4. T NH GI .................................................................................................. 37 2.5. TI LIU THAM KHO ................................................................................... 40 PHN 3. XY D NG KHA HC ....................................................................... 41 3.1 KHI QUT V KHA HC TRONG E-LEARNING ..................................... 41
3.1.1 Khi nim kha hc ................................................................................................. 41 3.1.2 Yu cu kha hc e-Learning ................................................................................... 42 3.1.3 Cu trc kha h c .................................................................................................... 43 3.1.4 Cc bc thit k, xy dng m t kha h c ............................................................... 45

3.2 CNG C XY D NG KHA HC ................................................................ 46

3.2.1 Khi qut v cng c xy d ng kha hc ................................................................. 46 3.2.2 Phn mm Lectora ................................................................................................... 47
3.2.2.1 Gii thiu v Lectora .....................................................................................................47 3.2.2.2 Cu trc ca mt kha hc to ra bi Lectora .................................................................47 3.2.2.3 Inheritance, mt khi nim quan tr ng khi s dng Lectora ........................................48 3.2.2.4 Nhng nh dng thng tin Lectora h tr ......................................................................48 3.2.2.5 Lc ca kha hc ....................................................................................................49 3.2.2.6 Giao din chnh..............................................................................................................49 3.2.2.7 Cc thanh cng c ..........................................................................................................50 3.2.2.8. Giao din vng son tho cc trang thng tin ca kha hc ...........................................52 3.2.2.9. Vng qun l cc i tng chn vo kha hc ..............................................................53 3.2.2.10. Cc bc to ra mt kha hc trong Lectora................................................................53

3.2.3 Phn mm eXe ......................................................................................................... 57

3.2.3.1 Gii thiu v eXe ...........................................................................................................57 3.2.3.2 Giao din ca eXe..........................................................................................................57 3.2.3.3 Thit k cu trc kha hc .............................................................................................59 3.2.3.4 a ni dung vo cc trang ............................................................................................59

3.3 THC HNH...................................................................................................... 62 3.4 T NH GI ................................................................................................... 62 3.5 TI LIU THAM KHO .................................................................................... 64 PHN 4: BNG CH GII THUT NG ........................................................... 65

PHN 1. C BN V E-LEARNING 1.1. KHI NIM C rt nhiu quan nim v khi nim khc nhau v e-Learning. Mi khi nim c nu ra vi nhng gc nhn khc nhau, v do vy, ni hm ca khi nim cng rt khc nhau. in hnh trong s rt nhiu khi nim v e-Learning l: e-Learning chnh l s hi t ca hc tp v Internet1 e-Learning l hnh thc h c tp bng truyn thng qua mng Internet theo cch tng tc vi ni dung h c tp v c thit k da trn nn tng ph ng php dy hc.2 Hai pht biu ny cho rng, tt c nhng g c gi l e-Learning u phi lin quan ti Internet. Ngh a l, khng s dng Internet th khng c coi l eLearning. Vi nh ngh a th hai, ngoi yu t cng ngh , tc gi cn nhn mnh yu t nn tng l phng php dy h c c s dng trong qu trnh thit k, trin khai cc hot ng d y h c qua e-Learning. e-Learning l vic s dng cng ngh mng thit k, cung cp, la chn, qu n tr v m rng vic h c tp3 e-Learning l vic s dng sc mnh ca mng cho php hc tp bt c lc no, bt c ni u4 Hai nh ngha trn c s m rng v h tng cng ngh thng tin c a eLearning. l, ngoi Internet, cc h thng thng tin truyn thng ch cn c yu t mng cng c coi l c s cng ngh ca e-Learning. e-Learning l vic cung cp n i dung thng qua tt c cc phng tin in t bao gm Internet; Intranet; Trm pht v tinh; Bng ting, hnh; Tivi tng tc v CDROOM5 e-Learning bao gm tt c cc dng in t (form of electronics) h tr vic dy v vic hc. Cc h thng thng tin v truyn thng c hoc khng kt ni mng c dng nh m t ph ng tin thc hin qu trnh hc tp.6
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Howard Block, Bank of America Securities Resta and Patru (2010) in the UNESCO publication Elliott Masie,The Masie Center Arista Connie Weggen WR Hambrecht & Co

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(5) v (6) l nhng nh ngha c n i hm rng nht v h tng k thu t trong eLearning. Theo , cc d ng c yu t in t c s dng h tr dy h c u c coi l e-Learning. R rng, vi nhng quan nim khc nhau v e-Learning, chng s c nhng c im khc nhau; cch thc dy h c cng din ra khc nhau; h tng cng ngh , cch thc trin khai, u im, hn ch ca e-Learning cng khc nhau. S khng c ti liu no cp c y v e-Learning theo tt c nhng quan nim trn. V do vy, trong ti liu ny c ng cn ph i thng nht mt khi nim khoanh vng e-Learning. Trn c s , cp ti nhng ni dung mang tnh trn vn, c ch nht cho ngi hc. Trn c s tham kh o nhiu nh ngha, xem xt bn ch t trong tng trng hp, cn c vo tri nghim ca tc gi trong th i gian qua, c th hiu, e-Learning l m t hnh th c hc tp thng qua mng Internet di dng cc kha h c v c qu n l b i cc h thng qun l h c tp m bo s tng tc, hp tc p ng nhu cu hc mi lc, mi n i ca ngi hc. Theo cch hiu trn (v c s dng trong ti liu ny), m t h thng eLearning phi m b o c cc iu kin di y: - S dng mng Internet; - Tn ti di dng cc kha hc; - S dng cc h thng qu n l hc tp; - m bo s tng tc, hp tc trong hc tp. 1.2. M HNH H THNG E-LEARNING Trung tm ca h thng e-Learning l h thng qu n l hc tp LMS (Learning Management System). Theo , ngi dy, ngi h c v ngi qun tr h thng u truy cp vo h thng ny vi nhng mc tiu khc nhau m b o h thng hot ng n nh v vic dy hc din ra hiu qu .

Wikipedia

Hnh 1-1: M hnh h thng e-Learning to v qun l m t kha h c, ngi dy ngoi vic lm vic trc tip trn h thng qu n l hc tp, cn cn s dng cc cng c xy d ng n i dung hc tp (Authoring Tools) thit k, xy dng n i dung kha hc v c ng gi theo chun (thng l chu n SCORM) gi ti h thng qun l hc tp. Trong mt s trng hp, ni dung kha hc c th c thit k v xy dng trc tip khng cn cc cng c Authoring tools. Nhng h thng lm c vic c tn l h thng qun l ni dung h c tp LCMS (Learning Content Management System). 1.3. U IM V HN CH CA E-LEARNING 1.3.1 u im ca e-Learning So snh vi lp hc truyn thng, e-Learning c nhng li th sau y: V s thun tin H c da trn e-Learning c thc hin ph hp vi tin h c tp, hon cnh c a ngi hc, m bo h c mi lc, mi ni, h tr hp tc trong mi trng mng. Vi ngi qun tr, d dng qu n l lp hc vi s lng ln. V chi ph v s la chn

Chi ph theo h c mt kha h c khng cao. Bn cnh , c th la chn cc kha hc ph hp vi nhu cu, nguyn vng ca bn thn p ng nhu cu hc tp ngy cng tng c a x hi. V s linh hot Khi tham gia m t kha h c mi, ngi h c c th khng cn phi h c tt c cc ni dung (trong trng hp bit mt s phn). Qua , c th y nhanh tin hc tp. Cc kha hc d dng c cp nht thng xuyn v nhanh chng. 1.3.2 Hn ch ca e-Learning Bn cnh nhng u im n i tri ca e-Learning k trn, hnh thc dy h c ny cn tim n m t s h n ch sau: V pha ngi hc Tham gia hc tp da trn e-Learning i hi ngi hc ph i c kh nng lm vic c lp vi thc t gic cao . Bn cnh , cng cn th hin kh nng hp tc, chia s qua mng mt cch hiu qu vi ging vin v cc thnh vin khc. Ngi hc cng cn phi bit lp k hoch ph hp vi bn thn, t nh hng trong h c tp, thc hin tt k ho ch hc tp ra. V pha ni dung hc tp Trong nhiu trng h p, khng th v khng nn a cc ni dung qu tru tng, qu phc tp. c bit l cc n i dung lin quan ti th nghim, thc hnh m Cng ngh thng tin khng th hin c hay th hin km hiu qu. H thng e-Learning cng khng th thay th c cc ho t ng lin quan ti vic rn luyn v hnh thnh k nng, c bit l k nng thao tc vn ng.

V yu t cng ngh S hn ch v k nng cng ngh ca ngi hc s lm gim ng k hiu qu , cht lng d y h c da trn e-Learning. Bn cnh , h tng cng ngh thng tin (mng internet, bng thng, chi ph...) cng nh hng ng k ti tin , ch t lng hc tp.

1.4. CC HNH TH C HC TP VI E-LEARNING L mt h thng h c tp mm d o v linh ho t, c th t chc dy h c theo nhiu hnh thc khc nhau. Di gc vai tr c a h th ng e-Learning trong vic hon thnh mt kha h c, c th k ra hai hnh thc hc tp (mode of learning) chnh l hc tp trc tuyn v hc tp hn h p. 1.4.1 Hc tp trc tuyn (Online learning) L hnh thc, vic hon thnh kha hc c thc hin ton b trn mi trng mng thng qua h thng qu n l h c tp. Theo cch ny, e-Learning ch khai thc c nhng li th ca e-Learning ch cha quan tm ti th mnh ca dy h c gip mt. Thuc v hnh thc ny, c hai cch th hin l d y hc ng b (Synchronous Learning) khi ngi d y v ngi hc cng tham gia vo h thng qu n l hc tp v dy hc khng ng b (Asynchronous Learning), khi ngi dy v ngi hc tham gia vo h thng qun l hc tp nhng thi im khc nhau. 1.4.2 Hc tp hn hp (Blended learning) y l hnh th c hc tp, trin khai mt kha h c vi s kt hp c a hai hnh thc h c tp trc tuyn v dy hc gip mt. Theo cch ny, e-Learning c thit k vi mc ch h tr qu trnh dy hc v ch quan tm ti nh ng ni dung, ch im ph hp nht vi th mnh ca lo i hnh ny. Cn li, vi nhng ni dung khc vn c thc hin thng qua hnh thc dy h c gip mt vi vic khai thc ti a u im ca n. Hai hnh thc ny cn c thit k ph hp, c m i lin h mt thit, b sung cho nhau h ng ti mc tiu nng cao cht lng cho kha hc. Vi c im nh trn, y l hnh thc c s dng kh ph bin vi nhiu c s gio dc trn th gii, k c cc nc c nn gio dc pht trin. 1.5. NGUN LC CHO E-LEARNING 1.5.1. Con ng i Theo m hnh h thng e-Learning (1.1), c ba i tng s tham gia vo h thng qun l hc tp vi nh ng vai tr khc nhau. C th nh sau:

Ng i qun tr: y l ngi c trch nhim qun tr ton b h thng qun l hc tp vi cc chc nng nh to lp kha h c, phn quyn cho gio vin, cp pht ti khon ngi dng, thit lp mi trng, tr gip ngi d y v ngi hc v cng ngh...Ngi ny cn nm vng chng trnh o to, nghip v qun l o to, c k nng tt v cng ngh thng tin ni chung, v qu n tr h thng qun l hc tp ni ring. Ng i dy: L nhn t chnh trong vic cung cp cc kha hc trn h thng qu n l hc tp. Ngoi cc hot ng hc tp, cc h c liu c thit k theo kch bn s phm nh trc theo hng phng theo cc ho t ng hc tp c a hnh thc dy h c gip mt gip ngi h c t lc trong hc tp, ngi dy cng cn thao tc trc tip vi cc chc n ng c a h thng qun l h c tp trong vic nh hng k hoch hc tp, thng bo, cnh bo, nh gi, ch d n, tr gip ngi hc m t cch thng xuyn v kp thi. Ng i hc: y l nhn vt trung tm ca qu trnh dy h c d a trn e-Learning. Cc kha hc cn c thit k theo nh hng ly ngi h c lm trung tm. Khi tham gia h c tp, ngi h c s thc hin cc hot ng hc tp c thit k theo kch b n s ph m t lc, ch ng khm ph tri th c, k nng ca kha h c. Bn cnh , ngi hc cng thng xuyn nhn c cc thng tin ch dn, gip khi gp kh kh n hay cng nhau tho lun, chia s thng qua chc nng hp tc trn mng. 1.5.2. H tng Cng ngh thng tin Vi c s gio dc: Cn s hu hoc thu my ch mnh m b o hot ng n nh khi c s tham gia ng thi ca s lng ln ngi dy, ngi hc trn h thng qun l h c tp. Trn my ch cn ci t phn mm h th ng qu n l h c tp LMS (s c gii thiu trong phn 2 c a ti liu ny). Vi ng i dy v ngi h c: Cn c my tnh kt ni vi Internet. Ring ngi dy, cn s hu cc cng c thit k kha hc (Authoring Tools) thit k ni dung hc tp (s c gii

thiu trong phn 3 ca ti liu). Bn cnh , cng cn s dng cc phn mm trong vic to ra, x l cc i tng a phng tin, to ho t hnh, to bi trc nghim, cc cng c chp nh mn hnh (capture)... to ra ngun ti nguyn s dng trong kha h c. 1.6. THC TRNG E-LEARNING TI VIT NAM7 Vo khong nm 2002 tr v trc, cc ti liu nghin cu, tm hiu v eLearning Vit Nam khng nhiu. Trong hai nm 2003-2004, vic nghin cu eLearning Vit Nam c nhiu n v quan tm hn. Gn y cc h i ngh, hi tho v cng ngh thng tin v gio d c u c cp nhiu n vn e-Learning v kh nng p dng vo mi trng o to Vit Nam nh: H i tho nng cao ch t lng o to HQGHN n m 2000, H i ngh gio dc i hc nm 2001 v gn y l H i tho khoa h c qu c gia ln th nht v nghin cu pht trin v ng dng cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng ICT/rda 2/2003, H i tho khoa hc quc gia ln II v nghin cu pht trin v ng dng cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng ICT/rda 9/2004, v hi th o khoa hc Nghin cu v trin khai e-Learning do Vin Cng ngh Thng tin (HQGHN) v Khoa Cng ngh Thng tin (i hc Bch khoa H N i) phi hp t chc u thng 3/2005 l hi th o khoa hc v e-Learning u tin c t chc ti Vit Nam. Cc trng i h c Vit Nam cng b c u nghin cu v trin khai eLearning. M t s n v b c u trin khai cc ph n mm h tr o to v cho cc kt qu kh quan: i hc Cng ngh - HQGHN, Vin CNTT - HQGHN, i hc Bch Khoa H Ni, HQG TP. HCM, Hc vin Bu chnh Vin thng, i h c S phm H N i,... Gn y nh t, Cc Cng ngh thng tin B Gio dc & o to trin khai cng e-Learning nh m cung cp m t cch c h thng cc thng tin eLearning trn th gii v VitNam. Bn cnh , mt s cng ty ph n mm Vit Nam tung ra th trng mt s sn phm h tr o to o to. Tuy cc sn phm ny ch a phi l sn ph m ln, c ng gi hon chnh nhng bc u gp ph n thc y s pht trin e-Learning Vit Nam. Vit Nam gia nh p mng e-Learning Chu (Asia E-Learning Network AEN, www.asia-elearning.net) vi s tham gia c a B Gio dc & o to, B Khoa hc - Cng ngh , trng i hc Bch Khoa, B Bu chnh Vin Thng...

dn theo elearning.lyct.edu.vn

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iu ny cho thy tnh hnh nghin cu v ng dng loi hnh o to ny ang c quan tm Vit Nam. Tuy nhin, so vi cc nc trong khu vc e-Learning Vit Nam mi ch giai on u cn nhiu vic ph i lm mi tin kp cc nc.

1.7. T NH GI 1.7.1 Hon thin n i dung di y bng cch in cc t cn thiu vo trng e-Learning l mt hnh thc .................. thng qua ........................ di dng cc ................ v c qun l bi cc h thng ............. hc tp m bo s ..............., hp tc p ng nhu cu h c mi lc,.............. c a ngi h c. 1.7.2 La chn 4 trong cc c im di y nh danh v e-Learning trong ti liu ny: - S dng mng Internet - S dng mng my tnh - Tn ti di dng cc kha hc - Lin quan ti cc thit b cng ngh thng tin v truyn thng - S dng cc h thng qu n l hc tp - L mt trang web bnh thng - m bo s tng tc, hp tc trong hc tp 1.7.3 Hon thin cc n i dung trong s sau th hin m hnh e-Learning

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1.7.4. in i tng ngi vo ct bn phi ca bng di y Hot ng S dng cc ph n mm Authoring Tools Qu n l ti kho n ngi dng c php ng nhp vo h thng Bin n i dung dy h c thnh cc hot ng trn mng Thc hin cc hot ng h c tp Hp tc vi cc c nhn khc Phn hi cc cu h i 1.7.5 Vit trc mi m c m t k t, A n u l u im; B nu l hn ch Vic tham gia vo kha h c khng nh hng ti k hoch c nhn ca ngi hc Khng i hi tham d cc lp hc truyn thng Vic h c tp c thc hin theo tin ca ngi hc Khng b rng buc bi thi gian Khng ph thu c vo a im C th s dng hc liu trc tuyn hay ti v my v s d ng sau i tng (Ngi dy, Ngi qun tr, Ngi hc)

- Nh ng vn tru tng, kh khn, phc tp kh th hin trn h thng eLearning Tng cng kh n ng h p tc thng qua mi trng mng. Vic hp tc khng ch b hp trong khun kh t chc hay c s gio dc m cn m rng trong phm vi ton cu D dng qun l mt s lng ln ngi hc thng qua h thng qu n l h c tp Vic hc tp i khi bun t, i hi s lm vic c lp v thc t gic cao c a ngi h c

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C th gp nhng kh kh n v h tng cng ngh thng tin, cc tr ngi v mt cng ngh Chi ph cho m t kha h c th p hn so vi cch hc truyn thng Kh kch thch c h ng th, tc ng ti t tng, tnh cm ca ngi hc C nhiu kha h c cho ngi hc la chn theo nhu cu c nhn p ng m c tiu gio dc thng xuyn C nhiu s la chn v mc h c ph tham gia kha h c Kh th hin c mt s hot ng hc tp hiu qu ch c cch d y truyn thng nh hot ng hc tp cnh tranh, xemina, nh gi qu trnh (formative assessment) Ni h c ph hp vi s thch v nhu cu ca ngi hc C th la chn kha hc vi s hng dn ca ngi d y ho c t hc Khi gp kh kh n, i khi khng c tr gip tc thi. iu ny c th gy gin on qu trnh h c tp ca ngi hc C th b qua cc ni dung ngi hc bit, ch tp trung vo nghin cu cc ni dung, ch quan tm. Qua , c th thc hin mt kha h c nhanh h n theo cch thng thng S dng cc cng c hc tp ph hp nht vi phong cch hc tp c a ngi hc Cc kha hc c th c cp nht d dng v nhanh chng v ni dung, phng thc trin khai hng ti vic hc tp ngy cng c ch v hiu qu Khng t chc c hot ng thc hnh hng ti hnh thnh v pht trin cc k nng thao tc

1.7.6 C 4 on vn b n cp ti 2 ch , hy ghp thnh hai ch v t tn cho m i ch Ch 1: G m on (......) v on (.......) c tiu l.................................... Ch 2: G m on (......) v on (.......) c tiu l.................................... (1) y l hnh thc h c tp, trin khai mt kha hc vi s kt hp ca hai hnh thc h c tp trc tuyn v d y hc gip mt. Theo cch ny, e-Learning c thit k vi mc ch h tr qu trnh dy h c v ch quan tm ti nhng

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ni dung, ch im ph hp nh t vi th mnh ca loi hnh ny. Cn li, vi nhng ni dung khc vn c thc hin thng qua hnh thc dy h c gip mt vi vic khai thc ti a u im ca n. Hai hnh thc ny cn c thit k ph hp, c m i lin h mt thit, b sung cho nhau h ng ti mc tiu nng cao cht lng cho kha hc. (3) L hnh thc, vic hon thnh kha hc c thc hin ton b trn mi trng mng thng qua h thng qun l h c tp. Theo cch ny, e-Learning ch khai thc c nh ng li th ca e-Learning ch cha quan tm ti th mnh c a d y h c gip mt. (2) Thuc v hnh th c ny, c hai cch th hin l dy hc ng b (Synchronous Learning) khi ngi d y v ngi hc cng tham gia vo h thng qun l h c tp v d y h c khng ng b (Asynchronous Learning), khi ngi dy v ngi h c tham gia vo h thng qu n l h c tp nhng thi im khc nhau. (4) Vi c im nh trn, y l hnh th c c s dng kh ph bin vi nhiu c s gio dc trn th gii, k c cc nc c nn gio dc pht trin. 1.8. TI LIU THAM KHO ICT Transforming Education E-Learning, A Guidebook of Principles, Procedures and Practices http://www.answers.com http://www.wikipedia.org http://www.worldwidelearn.com/elearning-essentials http://www.howstuffworks/e-learning.html

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PHN 2. H THNG QUN L HC TP

2.1. KHI QUT CHUNG V H THNG QUN L HC TP 2.1.1. nh ngha H thng qun l hc tp - LMS (Learning Management System): l m t phn mm qun l cc qu trnh hc tp v phn pht ni dung kho hc ti ngi hc. LMS bao gm nhiu m-un khc nhau gip qu trnh hc tp trn mng c thun tin v d dng pht huy ht cc im mnh ca internet. 2.1.2. Ch c nng ca LMS ng k: Hc vin ng k hc tp thng qua mi trng web. Vic qun l hc vin cng thng qua mi trng web Lp k hoch: Lp lch cc kha hc v to chng trnh o to nhm p ng cc yu cu ca t chc v c nhn. Phn phi: Phn phi cc kha hc trc tuyn, cc bi thi v cc ti nguyn khc Theo di: Theo di qu trnh h c tp c a hc vin v to cc bo co Trao i thng tin: Trao i thng tin bng chat, din n, e-mail, chia s mn hnh v e-seminar Kim tra: cung cp kh nng kim tra v nh gi kt qu hc tp ca h c vin.

2.1.3. Nhim v ca LMS Qun l cc kho h c trc tuyn (Online courses) v qu n l ngi h c Qun l qu trnh hc tp c a ngi hc v qun l ni dung d y hc c a cc kho h c m bo vic ng k kho hc ca ngi hc, kt np v theo di qu trnh tch lu kin thc ca ngi hc. Gip cc nh qu n l v ngi dy th c hin cc cng vic kim tra, gim st, thu nhn kt qu hc tp, bo co c a ngi hc v nng cao hiu qu ging dy. Ngoi ra h thng cn tch hp cc dch v cng tc h tr qu trnh trao i thng tin gia ngi dy vi ngi hc, gia ngi hc vi ngi h c. N
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bao gm cc d ch v : giao nhim v ti ngi hc, tho lu n, trao i, gi th in t, lch hc... 2.1.4. Phn loi C nhiu loi LMS khc nhau, vic so snh cc loi LMS mt cch chnh xc v y gia cc LMS l m t vic lm kh khn v c rt nhiu vn khc nhau trong cc LMS. im khc nhau c b n gia cc LMS da trn nhng yu t sau: Kh nng m rng Chun h thng tun theo H thng ng hay m Tnh thn thin ngi dng S h tr cc ngn ng khc nhau Kh nng cung cp cc m hnh hc Gi c

Mt s LMS ph bin hin nay trn th gii phi k n l: IBM, BlackBoard, WebCT, Atutor, Itias, LRN, Moodle Trong khun kh ti liu ny xin gii thiu v LMS Moodle, mt h thng qu n l hc tp m ngun m ang c nh gi rt cao v chim mt s lng ln ngi dng trn ton th gii. 2.2. H THNG QUN L HC TP MOODLE 2.2.1. Gii thiu v h thng qu l hc tp Moodle Moodle l mt h th ng qun l hc tp m ngun m (do min ph v c th ch nh sa c m ngun), cho php to cc kha h c trn mng Internet hay cc website h c tp trc tyn. Moodle (vit tt ca Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment) c sng lp nm 1999 bi Martin Dougiamas, ngi tip tc iu hnh v pht trin chnh ca d n. Do khng hi lng vi h thng LMS/LCMS thng mi WebCT trong trng h c Curtin ca c, Martin quyt tm xy dng m t h thng LMS m ngun m h ng ti gio d c v ngi dng hn. T

16

n nay Moodle c s pht trin vt b c v thu ht c s quan tm ca hu ht cc quc gia trn th gii. Moodle ni bt l thit k hng ti gio d c, dnh cho nhng ngi lm trong lnh vc gio d c. Moodle rt d dng vi giao din trc quan, gio vin ch mt mt thi gian ngn lm quen v c th s dng thnh th o. Gio vin c th t ci v nng cp Moodle. 2.2.2. Ci t h thng qu n l hc tp Moodle cc b trn windows N i dung ph n ny gii thiu v cch thc ci t h thng qun l h c tp Moodle trn my tnh c nhn vi mc ch luyn tp, thc hnh trc khi thit lp h thng trn mi trng Internet. Vic ci t c thc hin kh d dng v c thc hin nh sau: Bc 1: Download gi sn phm Moodle for windows Khi ng m t trnh duyt web -> Trn thanh a ch g dng : http://download.moodle.org/windows/

Hnh 2.1: download moodle Bc 2: Gii nn Bc 3: Chy Start Moodle.exe khi ng h thng (gi lp web server) Bc 4: M trnh duyt web g dng http://localhost bt u tin hnh ci t Moodle trn windows. QU TRNH CI T 1.Chn ngn ng chnh cho qu trnh ci t v cho site sau ny. Sau khi la chn ngn ng, nh n Next tip t c.

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Hnh 2.2: la ch n ngn ng 2. Kim tra cc thng tin v yu cu h thng din ra, nu tt c u tha mn th c ch Pass mu xanh. Khi qu trnh kim tra hon tt, nhn Next.

Hnh 2.3: kim tra thit lp PHP 3. Nh p thng tin a ch web, th mc moodle v th mc d liu Nu khng c g c bit, chp nhn theo thng tin mc nh. Nhn Next tip tc.

Hnh 2.4: nh v moodle 4. Cu hnh c s d liu cho moodle

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Nh p mt kh u bo v c s d liu (nu cn), cc thng tin khc mc nh. Chn Next hon tt.

Hnh 2.5: cu hnh c s d liu 5. Kim tra mc p ng ca h thng. Qu trnh kim tra file php.ini my ch din ra, nu tt c trng thi l OK th nhn Next tip t c.

Hnh 2.6: kim tra my ch 6. Ti gi ngn ng ting vit.

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Nhn vo Dowload the &quot: Vietnamese (vi)" language pack ti gi ngn ng ting Vit, qu trnh dowload hon thnh, nhn Next tip tc. (Lu khi download gi ngn ng ting Vit th my tnh nht thit phi c kt ni vi internet).

Hnh 2.7: ti gi ngn ng ting vit Khi qu trnh ti gi ngn ng kt thc, xut hin thng bo v thng tin bn quyn, phin bn Moodle, nhn Continue tip tc.

Hnh 2.8: ci t thnh cng gi ngn ng ting vit

Hnh 2.9: Thng tin v phin b n Moodle 7. Ci t c s d liu v lp bng lit k cc m-un cho Moodle. Khi c thng bo nng cp thnh cng c s d liu (sau khong 2 pht), nhp vo Continue tip t c ci t.

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Hnh 2.10: ci t c s d liu Chuyn sang giai on lp bn lit k cc plug-in, nhp nhiu ln vo nt lnh Continue tip tc cho n khi hon tt.

Hnh 2.11: lp bng lit k cc plugin 8. Lp ti kho n qu n tr h thng Cung cp cc thng tin di y K danh: tn ng nhp Password: mt kh u ng nhp
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H tn ngi qun tr Th in t Tnh/Thnh Ph Quc gia: Vit Nam Mi gi: UTC + 7 Ngn ng a thch: Vietnamese Hnh nh i din kch thc t i a l 16MB

Nh p vo update profile hon tt.

Hnh 2.11: lp ti khon qun tr 9. Thit lp trang ch mi Cung cp cc thng tin di y t tn y c a h th ng (ty ngi ci t) t tn vit tt c a h thng M t trang ch (gii thiu s lc v h thng qun l hc tp ny, phn m t ny s c ng cng khai trn trang ch )

Nh p Lu nhng thay i hon tt.

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Hnh 2.12: thit lp trang ch Qu n l chng thc La chn qun l chng thc da trn Email

Hnh 2.13: thit lp qun l chng thc Qu trnh ci t thnh cng, trang ch h thng SPKT e-Learning xut hin Lu : mc d chn gi ngn ng ting Vit, tuy nhin, nhiu ni dung vn hin th bng ting Anh.

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Hnh 2.14: trang ch h thng qun l hc tp 2.2.3. Thit lp thng s h thng a. Thit lp giao din cho h thng: Tnh nng ny cho php la chn cc hnh thc trnh by cho h thng (giao din, cu hnh lch biu, trnh son tho ca h thng)

2.15: thit lp giao din Ci t giao din cho h thng: La chn phn Giao din/Chn giao din chn giao din Computer scientist. Thc t theme Computer scientist khng c sn m

24

c tc gi download t trang http://www.themza.com/moodle/computerscientist.html sau upload vo th mc theme ca moodle. V thit lp giao din th nn mc nh (Khng cho cc thnh vin c th thay i giao din ca h thng, giao din kha hc, hay thay i giao din cc chuyn m cXc lp cho php cc thnh vin c th ng cc khi.) b. Thit lp trang ch: Qu n l thng tin trn trang ch (thit lp, sao lu, phc h i)

Hnh 2.16: thit lp trang ch Trang ch c a h thng c thit lp nh sau Tn h thng: SPKT e-Learning Trc v sau khi ng nh p trang ch h thng s hin th tin tc v phn hn hp (gm danh sch chuyn mc v danh sch cc kho h c) S tin bi mi nht: 3 S kha hc hin th trn trang: 20 Khng cho php hin th cc kho hc ang m trong cc chuyn m c n c. Xc lp cc ch bo mt v chnh sch ca h th ng

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Hnh 2.17: chnh sch h thng Chnh sch ca h thng c thit lp nh sau: Bo v k danh Khi sa thng tin bt buc cc thnh vin phi ng nh p vo h thng M cho Google vo Kch thc tp tin ti a cho php gi ln l ph thu c gii h n my ch Cho php nh n tin trong h thng Th i gian ti a bin tp bi vit l 30 pht nh dng tn y : H + Tn m + Tn Khng t quy tc mt kh u

d. Thit lp ngn ng cho h th ng - Xc lp t ng nhn bit ngn ng - Ngn ng mc nh l Vietnamese - Cho hin th menu ngn ng - Xc lp b nh m cho menu ngn ng

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Hnh 2.18: thit lp ngn ng 2.2.4. Cc chc nng qun l a. Chc nng qu n l thnh vin - Authentication: Cho php chng thc nhng thnh vin tham gia h thng - Ti khon: Cho php xem danh sch v ch nh sa cc ti khon thnh vin, thm thnh vin mi, upload nh i din c a thnh vin - Permissions: Phn quyn cho cc thnh vin. b. Chc nng qu n l kha hc - Cho php thm/sa cc kha hc - Ci t mc nh c a kha hc: Cho php thit lp nhng mc nh v kha hc vd: C th thit lp cc kha hc c hin th trn trang ch theo tu n, thit lp s lng kha h c c hin th trong m t tun, ch hc lin hon, dung lng ti a c ti ln

Hnh 2.19: thnh vin

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- Ghi danh - Yu cu m kha hc: Cho php thit lp chc n ng ngi hc c th a ra yu cu m nhng kha hc mi. c. Chc nng qu n l m-un: Thit lp v qun l cc m-un c ci sn gm Ti nguyn: a cc file ti nguyn ca kha hc ln trang web nh file word, mutimedia Bi tp: Cho php gio vin ch m im ti liu n p ln c a hc vin. Chat- Tn gu: M-un Chat cho php ngi tham gia c mt cu c th o lun nh thi gian thc t qua web, hay l cch Din n: thc hin cc cu c tho lun gia cc gio vin hoc gio vin v h c vin. Database: Truy cp trc tip c s d liu hu hiu giao tip gia cc thnh vin. 2.2.5. To, nhp kha h c Bc 1: Ti ph n qu n tr h thng Click ch n Kha hc Thm/Sa cc kha hc Bc 2a: To chuyn mc mi Click chn Thm mc mi Hnh 2.21: hot ng Hnh 2.20: kha hc

Hnh 2.22: thao tc thm mc mi

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Hnh 2.23: khai bo v m t mc mi Bc 2b. To kha hc mi: Click chn Thm kha hc mi

Hnh 2.24: thao tc thm kha h c mi Bc 3: Thit lp cho kha h c Nhng thit lp chung La chn chuyn m c cho kha h c Tn kha hc (bt buc) Tn vit tt v kha hc (bt buc) M s cho kha h c (t t sao cho ph hp vi khung ch ng trnh o to) Tm tt: Tm tt v kha hc
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Xc lp thi gian bt u kha hc Xc lp kha hc l lin hon hay khng lin hon Cch ghi danh (mc nh c a h thng l Internal Enrollment) Kha hc cho php t ghi danh (C, khng, hoc ghi danh c thi hn)

Thit lp v ghi danh (ng k hc)

Kt thc cc thit lp Click chn Save Changes.

Hnh 2.25: thit lp cho kha h c Bc 4. To ni dung v cc hot ng cho kha h c Click chn vo tn kha hc (vd kha hc v Kin trc my tnh), h thng s chuyn n Tng quan cc tun l. Ti khu vc qun tr , click chn Turn Editing on h thng s chuyn n giao din nh sau:

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Hnh 2.26: thit k cc ho t ng v ti nguyn cho cc tun hc

a. To ni dung kha h c: Bao gm 5 hnh th c th hin ni dung di y: - Chn nhn: Dng son tho tiu ca mt chng, mt bi hc, hay mt ni dung no .v.v. - Vit mt trang vn bn th: Cho php vit mt trang vn bn thun ty, khng c cc nh dng c ch, mu ch, bng .v.v. v cc lin kt. Trng tn l bt buc, phn tm tt l ty chn, ni dung vn bn c nh vo phn Ton vn v n l bt buc. - Vit mt trang mng (Web): Cho php son tho mt trang web, ni dung ca trang c son tho trong phn Ton vn, tn ca trang mng l bt buc. Ti nguyn dng ny thng c dng vit chng trnh kha hc, thi gian hc, iu kin tin quyt, hng dn hc tp, mc tiu .v.v. C mt s thit lp ca s khi trang mng c duyt nh: M trang mt ca s khc hay cng ca s, kch thc ca trang khi m .v.v. - To cc lin kt: Cho php to cc lin kt ti mt file no trn h thng hoc lin kt ti mt a ch web. Tn ca lin kt l bt buc, trng location s l a ch ca file c lin kt hoc a ch mt trang web. - Hin th mt th mc: Cho php hin th th mc ti nguyn gc.

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b. To hot ng cho kha h c DIN N to mt din n cn cung cp cc thng tin sau: Tn din n: Moodle khng quy nh cc quy tc t tn cho din n do v y c th chn ty (quy tc ny p dng vi tt c cc m-un c a Moodle). Kiu din n: Din n dnh cho vic s dng thng thng / mi ngi gi ln m t ch tho lun / mt cu c tho lu n n. Gii thiu v din n: Cc gi thiu chung v din n, nh mc ch, ch Phn ny thng c s dng h ng cc i tng vo tng din n c th. La chn c th cho php hc vin gi bi vit ln din n: La chn ny dng hn ch quyn cc h c vin gi bi ln din n. Bt bu c mi ngi ng k: Quy nh cch thc ng k tham gia din n.
-

Khng: Khng bt bu c mi ngi phi ng k tham gia din n. ng tm thi: ng ng k nhng sau ny c th h y ng k. ng : ng ng k, sau ny khng th h y c ng k.

Theo vt cho din n: Bt chc n ng ny nu ng ghi li cc hot ng c a ngi dng, tt nu khng ghi hoc c th ty chn theo tng ngi dng (ty chn). Cho php nh gi: Cng vi cc tho lu n v phc p ngi dng c th c cc nh gi ty thuc vo cc la chn: Nhm (Khng c nhm no c/Cc nhm ring r/Cc nhm nhn thy ): Ch c nng ny cho php qun l cc h c vin theo nhm. C th t chc cc din n cho tng nhm. Nhn thy vi cc hc vin: Hin, nu cho php h c vin thy v tham gia din n. Thit lp n trong trng hp ngc li. BI TP Mt bi tp ln m thit lp cc nhim v vi m t hn cu i np bi v mt gi tr im t i a. Cc h c vin s c kh nng ti ln mt hay nhiu file vi phn c yu cu. Ngy v thi gian ti ln cc file ca hc vin c ghi li, gio vin c th xem ni dung tng file v c thi gian np bi, gio vin chm
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im v nhn xt bi lm ca hc vin. Na gi sau khi chm im mt hc vin, h thng s t ng gi email thng bo cho sinh vin v kt qu bi tp. Hot ng bi tp ln c cc dng thc sau: SCORM: Bi hc c thit k theo chun SCORM Thng tin chung: Tn: Tn ca bi ging e-Learning dng LAMS hay dng SCORM, trng ny l bt buc phi nhp. Tm tt: Ty chn ny cho php m t v bi ging ny. Package file: in vo a ch ca gi tp tin, hoc c th kch vo nt Chn hoc ti ln tp tin chn tp tin c trn h thng hoc ti tp tin mi ln h thng chn. Thit lp khc: THI: Phng php phn loi: trng thi Scoes; im cao nht; im trung bnh; im tng kt. im cao nht:Ty chn t 1 n 100 S ln th: Ty chn t 1 n 6 hoc khng gii hn Cch tnh im: im cao nht; im trung bnh; im ln th u tin hoc im ln th cui cng. Stage size: Kch thc ca s khi duyt bi ging. rng; cao; hin th trong cng ca s trnh duyt hay mt ca s mi .v.v. Ti nhiu tp tin Vn bn trc tuyn Ti mt tp tin Hot ng ngoi tuyn .

33

M-un thi dng nh gi trnh ca h c vin thng qua cc dng nh gi quen thuc bao gm ng/sai, a la chn, cu tr li ngn, cu hi ph hp, cu h i ngu nhin, cu hi s, cc cu tr li nhng vi ho v vn bn m t. i vi hnh thc hc trc tuyn th cc thi phi c nghin cu k ph hp vi cc i tng h c vin. M-un cung cp cc phng tin t chc m t thi trc tuyn, t to thi n cc thng tin, bo co v hc vin tham gia thi, kt qu Cc thng s c u hnh Th i gian lm bi (khng gii h n/1-110 pht ): Th i gian hc vin lm thi. Nu thit lp l "khng" th khng hn ch thi gian lm bi. S cu hi m i trang: Quy nh cch thc trnh by trang cu h i. Thay i v tr cc cu h i: Cho php thay i th t cu hi trong thi, trnh trng lp hon ton gia cc ln lm thi ca sinh vin. Tro i v tr cu tr li: Cng vi mc ch trnh trng lp, thay i th t cu tr li trong mi cu hi. S ln lm thi: Cho php h c vin lm bi mt s ln nh t nh sau c th tnh im da vo cc bi lm ny. Cch ny rt c ch cho hc vin khi bi thi cho php xem li ln lm bi trc v c cc thng tin ph n hi cho sinh vin.. Th nghim da trn bi trc (c, khng): Nu thi cho php th nhiu ln, hc vin c th xem kt qu cc ln th trc v cc thng tin phn hi ty thuc vo thuc tnh ny chn cc phng n tr li. Cch tnh im: Cch thc tnh im cu i cng c a hc vin da vo cc ln lm th thi. Bn c th quy nh ly im cao nht, im trung bnh, im ln th nghim u tin, im ln th nghim cui cng. Cho php lm bi dng loi tr: p dng khi cho php hc vin lm bi thi nhiu ln. Khi hc vin c th c cc thng tin phn hi t nhng ln thi trc . Tr im nu lm sai (kiu lo i tr): p dng vi thi lm nhiu ln, i vi m i cu hi n u mi ln chn mt p n sai th s b tr m t s im b ng tch h s tr v im ca cu hi. im ly sau d u ph y: Quy nh chnh xc ca kt qu thi.
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Sau khi h c vin tr li, hc vin c th xem cc thng tin ( p n, im, thng tin ph n hi, cu tr li) theo cc hnh thc: o Ngay sau khi lm bi. o Sau ny, khi thi ch a ng. o Sau khi thi ng.

Cc thit lp khc: Hc vin c th xem thi trong m t ca s an ton: Cho php xem thi trong mt ca s khc. Yu cu mt kh u: Ch cc hc vin c mt khu c quyn tham gia thi. Yu cu a ch mng: a ch mng my ang kt ni, cho php l mt nhm a ch. Khi bt k h c vin no tham gia thi cng phi c mt khu xc nhn. im ln nh t: im ny dng tnh im cu i cng cho thi. im ny tng ng vi tng s im ca tt c cc bi trong thi.

TO MT THI: Chc nng ny c thc hin bi ngi qu n tr, gio vin ca kha h c. Cc thng tin cn cung cp: Tn: Tn c a thi Ni dung: M t v thi, c th s dng cc cng c so n tho ca Moodle. Th i gian bt u: H c vin bt u thc hin thi sau thi gian ny. Th i gian kt thc: H c vin khng th np bi thi sau thi gian ny. Th i gian lm bi (0-110 pht ): Thi gian h c vin lm thi. Nu thit lp l khng th khng hn ch thi gian lm bi.

Cc thng tin tng t nh khi thit lp cu hnh cho m-un thi: SON CU HI : to cu hi mi ta chn chc n ng "to cu h i mi" v chn loi cu hi cn to. Di y l cc loi cu hi h thng h tr: Cu h i a la chn: La chn mt phng n ng trong nhiu phng n chn la.
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Cu hi ng/sai: Loi cu hi ch c 2 phng n tr li ng ho c sai. Cu hi c cu tr li ngn: Cu tr li dng vn b n ngn. Cu hi s: Cu hi vi cu tr li c dng s . Cu hi tnh ton: Cu tr li l mt cng th c, kt qu c a biu thc. Cu h i so khp: L dng cu hi trong chn tng ng cc phng n v cc cu tr li cho trc. Cu h i m t: Loi cu hi ny tng t nh m t bi lun, hc vin khng chn nhng p n c sn m t mnh a ra cc p n. Cu hi so khp ngu nhin: Cu h i ny thc ra l mt cu hi tr li ngn c chn m t cch ngu nhin t cc cu h i tr li ngn trong danh mc. Cu hi nhiu cu tr li: M t loi cu h i tng h p trong n bao gm nhiu cu h i nh nh cu hi tr li ngn, cu hi a la chn v cu hi s .v.v.

2.2.5. a Moodle ln trn m ng internet Ci t moodle c c b trn windows cho php chng ta lp cu hnh cho h thng qun l hc tp, ho c vn hnh cc b , lm nhp cho cng vic bin son ni dung, cc ho t ng cho mt kha hc... Tuy nhin trn thc t h thng qun l h c tp thng c a ln mng, thng qua mt my ch v c tn min truy cp. a Moodle ln mng ta cn phi c: Host v Domain (c th mua t cc nh cung cp, tham kho : http://www.matbao.net ) sau lm theo cc bc sau : Bc 1 : Download gi Moodle Standard Moodle packages ti a ch http://moodle.org/download. Bc 2: Upload ton b gi sn phm ln web-hosting vic upload c din ra d dng v nhanh chng, ta c th s dng phn mm Filezilla (download ti a ch: http://filezilla-project.org/download.php ). Sau khi ci t v chy Filezilla vo giao din ca chng trnh nhp cc thng s v Host-a ch IP ca website, Username-tn ti khon, Password-mt khu, ri nh n Quickconnect chng trnh kim tra kt n i vi my ch. Khi kt ni thnh cng, b n s nhn c thng bo Directory listing successful v khi vic upload d liu ln my ch rt d dng ging nh ang thao tc trn cng.
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Bc 3: Ci t c s d liu ng nhp vo host to mt c s d liu rng v ti khon s dng c s d liu. Bc 4. Kh i ng m t trnh duyt web, ti thanh a ch c a trnh duyt g tn min ng k cho h thng v bt u qu trnh ci t Ti y cc bc ci t c bn ging vi ci t trn windows. Lu ti phn khai bo cc thng tin c s d liu khi ci t trn windows th ta mc nh nhng khi a ln hosting thi ta ph i khai bo ng kiu c s d liu m ta s dng (vd s dng kiu MySQL), tn Host server, tn c s d liu, ngi dng, mt khu (xxxxxxxxx), ch tin t trong cc bng ca c s d liu ( mc nh). 2.3. THC HNH - Ci t h thng moodle trn windows s dng gi sn ph m Moodle for windows - Thit lp h thng qu l hc tp - Cu hnh cc khi c nh trong h thng - Thay i giao din ca h thng - Vi ti khon ca ngi qun tr hy thm thnh vin mi cho h thng v phn quyn cho nhng thnh vin l: gio vin, gio vin bin son, ging vin, tr ging. - To m t kha h c trn moodle 2.4. T NH GI 2.4.1. Hy nh du X vo trc m i mc nu l nhim v chnh ca LMS ____Qun l h c vin thng qua mi trng internet ____Lp lch cc kha hc v to chng trnh o to ____Phn phi cc kha h c trc tuyn, cc bi thi v cc ti nguyn khc ____To ra cc bi ging theo chun SCORM ____Theo di qu trnh hc tp ca h c vin v to cc bo co ____Lp k hoch c nhn cho ngi hc

37

____Trao i thng tin bng chat, din n, e-mail, chia s mn hnh v e-seminar ____Cung cp kh nng kim tra v nh gi kt qu h c tp ca hc vin.

2.4.2. T ti khon qun tr hy to v phn quyn cho mt ti khon thnh vin khc sao cho khi ng nhp h thng ti khon c quyn nh c m t nh hnh di y:

2.4.3. Vi mi tn ct A hy kt ni vi m t s m t ct B sao cho th hin chnh xc nhng nh ngha v vai tr cc thnh vin trong h thng. A Ngi qu n tr B c th lm mi vic bn trong kho h c, k c thay i cc hot ng h c tp v cho im h c vin. l tt c thnh vin ng nhp c th dy v cho im h c vin, nhng khng th sa i cc hot ng h c tp c th to cc kho h c mi v ging dy cc kho thng c th lm mi vic trong h thng, trong m i kho h c c t quyn nht trong mt kho hc ch c nhng quyn t i thiu v thng khng th vit bi c

Gio vin bin son Gio vin

Tr ging

Sinh vin

Khch vng lai Thnh vin xc thc

38

2.4.4. Thit lp giao din cho h thng nh hnh di y:

2.4.5. Cch no sau y l ng khi mun thit lp thm cc ngn ng khc cho h thng. Cch 1. Language-> Thit lp ngn ng -> Chn ngn ng mun thit lp thm Cch 2. Langugae->Sa ngn ng -> Current Language -> Chn ngn ng mun thit lp thm Cch 3. Language -> Gi ngn ng -> La chn ngn ng mun thit lp -> thm Ci gi ngn ng la chn. Trn c s thit lp thm ngn ng ting Trung Quc, ting Ty Ban Nha cho h thng 2.4.6. in hnh thc th hin ni dung bn la chn vo trc on vn m t cho hnh thc th hin n i dung ..: Dng son tho tiu ca mt chng, mt bi hc, hay mt ni dung no .v.v.

o ..: Cho php to cc lin kt ti mt file no trn h thng hoc lin kt ti mt a ch web. o ...: Cho php vit mt trang vn bn thun ty, khng c cc nh dng c ch, mu ch, bng .v.v. v cc lin kt. o ..: Cho php hin th th mc ti nguyn gc. o ..: Cho php son tho mt trang web, ni dung ca trang c son tho trong phn Ton vn.

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2.4.7. Hy nh d u X vo u mi thng tin cn cung cp hoc thit lp khi to m t din n trong moodle. ____Tn din n ____S in thoi ____Kiu din n ____Dung lng c s d liu ca din n ____Gii thiu v din n ____Chng thc da trn email ____La chn c th cho php h c vin gi bi vit ln din n ____Quy nh cch thc ng k tham gia din n. ____Cho php nh gi 2.5. TI LIU THAM KHO - Trang ch ca Moodle: http://moodle.com - Cng ng Moodle Vit Nam: http://moodle.org/course/view.php?id=45 - Ti liu tr gip v Moodle: http://moodle.org/help - Trung tm tin hc b gio d c v o to: http://el.edu.net.vn - Cc ti nguyn ca Moodle: http://moodle.org/mod/resource/view.php?id=3856

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PHN 3. XY DNG KHA HC 3.1 KHI QUT V KHA HC TRONG E-LEARNING 3.1.1 Khi nim kha hc Thu t ng Ting Anh: Courseware m t kha hc c s dng trong dy hc da trn h thng e-Learning C nhiu nh ngha v Courseware, di y l mt s nh ngha trn Internet:

Phn mm my tnh v cc ti liu (materials) kt h p li c thit k dng cho mc ch o to v gio d c www.itslifejimbutnotasweknowit.org.uk/lt_glossary.htm

Phn mm gio d c dng trin khai h thng ti liu cho m t kho hc v cc hng d n thc hin (instructional) cho kho hc thng qua my tnh www.worldwidelearn.com/elearning-essentials/elearning-glossary.htm

Phn mm c thit k cho m t chng trnh gio d c en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-learning_glossary

Bt c chng trnh ph n mm gio d c hay ging dy no www.cybermediacreations.com/elearning/glossary.htm

Phn mm bao gm chc nng hng dn hc tp thng qua h thng cc bi hc ca m t ch xc nh alt.uno.edu/glossary.html

Phn mm c s d ng trong qu trnh d y v hc hng dn sinh vin trong mt lnh vc c th www.kcsd.k12.pa.us/~techhp/techplan/glossary.html

Mt chng trnh hay m t phn mm c pht trin hay c s dng nh m t phng tin gio dc (educational means) nhm th c hin qu trnh d y hc di d h tr c a my tnh www.erudium.polymtl.ca/html-eng/glossaire.php

Courseware l m t thu t ng c s dng miu t m t phn mm c s dng nhm h tr m t ho hc hay mt phn kho hc.

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netquality.lii.unitn.it/glossary.htm Trn c s tham kho cc khi nim trn, trong tiliu ny, chng ta c th hiu: kha h c (courseware) l mt ng dng cng ngh thng tin c s dng nh mt cng c hc tp hay h tr qu trnh d y hc theo cch cung cp hc liu (materials) i km vi nh ng hng dn s phm (instructions) c thit k ti u m bo ngi hc c th t hc d dng v t hiu qu cao nht vi s h tr ca cng ngh thng tin. 3.1.2 Yu cu kha hc e-Learning Khi c lp t hc tp vi courseware, ngi hc khng tip xc trc tip vi gio vin, do vy, ni dung hc tp trong sch gio khoa, gio trnh, ti liu tham kho phi c gia cng vi cc bin php s phm thch hp vi s b sung ng k cc ngun ti nguyn v cc thng tin cn thit khc m bo rng sinh vin c th t hc vi courseware mt cch hiu qu nh t. Theo cch tip cn , xin xut mt s yu cu c bn mt courseware cn t c: Th hin r rng mc tiu hc tp Th hin nhng iu kin tin quyt khi tham gia kho hc C nhng thng tin m t tm tt v n i dung courseware Cu trc r rng, logic

C ni dung chnh xc, ph hp vi mc tiu hc tp Giao din thn thin, d s dng, thu n tin khi duyt qua ni dung hc tp. C kh nng nh v thng tin trong qu trnh h c tp H tr tm kim thng tin Th hin m i quan h gia h c tp vi courseware vi cc hnh thc hc tp khc m b o ngi hc bit bt u t u, tin trnh h c tp nh th no, trong iu kin g Vic hc tp ca ngi hc c th hin phn ln thng qua cc hot ng c th Tch hp cc l lun dy hc hin i nh m pht huy t i a tnh tch cc, ch ng, sng to ca ngi h c

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 m b o tnh tng tc vi n i dung, cho php tri nghim hnh thnh mt s k nng in hnh Ngi hc c th t nh gi mc tin b trong qu trnh hc tp. Gip cho ngi hc hon thnh c nhng bi tp vn dng y v ti liu tham Ti nguyn hc tp a dng, hp l. Ph hp chun SCORM 1.2 hoc SCORM 2004 Nhng yu cu trn cha bao gm cc yu t m bo s tng tc, phn hi gia ngi dy vi ngi h c, gia ngi hc vi nhau. Khi khai thc trong mi trng LMS (Learning Management System), yu cu trn s c p ng. Cng vi LMS, nhiu yu cu trn c th c th c hin mt cch d dng. 3.1.3 Cu trc kha hc Courseware c xy dng da trn nhng qui c d i y: Mt kho hc (course) l tp hp cc phn (section). Mt phn bao gm tp hp nhiu ch (topic). Mt ch bao gm tp hp cc hot ng hc tp (educational activities). Mt ho t ng hc tp bao gm tp hp cc hnh ng, thao tc (primitive activities). Nhng khi nim trn rt linh ho t, cho php ngi thit k la chn cc ch lin quan ti mt kho h c, hay th hin mt ch di dng cc hot ng dy h c c th. M t ho t ng hc tp c th l s kt h p ca nhiu hnh ng, ng tc nh, c m t on vn bn, nhn v quan st mt hnh nh, lng nghe mt m thanh, quan st m t hot hnh, th nghim, thc hnh o, m phng hay mt vi hng d n thc hin cc bi tp...nh m gip ngi h c lnh h i c kin thc, k n ng trong hnh ng. C rt nhiu cch th hin cu trc ca mt kho h c, d i y l mt gi gm 4 ni dung chnh: Thng tin chung v kho h c; Hng d n hc tp; Ni dung kho h c; Ti liu tham kh o chung.

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 Thng tin chung v kho hc: Trong phn ny, cn th hin nhng thng tin c bn v kho hc. Nh ng ni dung ny c ngi hc tham kho u tin khi bt u kho hc. Trn c s , mt bc tranh tng th v kho hc c hnh thnh. C th bao gm cc thng tin sau y: o Tn kho hc o Ngi xy dng o S n v hc trnh o Mc tiu tng th ca kho hc o M t tm tt v ni dung kho h c o iu kin tin quyt o Thng tin nh gi ca kho h c o Cu trc cc ch ng, bi, mc o S phi hp gia hot ng hc tp ny vi cc hnh thc khc. o Thng tin v b n quyn Hng dn hc t p: Khc vi mt cun sch in t (e-book), ni dung courseware c thit k gip cho ngi h c thc hin theo nhng hng dn, tham gia vo cc hot ngi h c t lc hc tp vi n. Ni dung phn ny c th gm nhng thng tin: o Gii thiu v giao din, cch thc di chuyn gia cc ni dung o tng s phm ca courseware o Hng dn c th m t s hot ng hc tp o Thng tin v k hoch h c tp. N i dung kho h c: Ni dung chnh c a courseware c th hin trong phn ny. N thng c th hin di d ng cy th mc (tree view) hoc s dng h thng lin kt theo cu trc (up, down, next, previous, top). Ni dung kha hc c thit k di d ng cc hot ng phong ph (t vn , tm hiu kin thc mi, c ti liu, quan st hnh v, tr li cu hi, t kim tra mc tip thu...) gip sinh vin t tm hiu v n i dung h c tp theo cch t lc v tch cc nht. Ti liu tham kho chung
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o Cc ti liu tham kh o di dng in n o Cc ti liu tham kh o trn mng 3.1.4 Cc bc thit k, xy dng mt kha hc Bc 1: Xc nh nhu cu v mc tiu Trong bc ny, cn xc nh mc tiu ca tng bi hc. Mc tiu ca m t bi hc gm nhng kin thc ngi h c cn bit hoc c th lm c sau khi kt thc bi hc. iu lu u tin nh h ng n s xc nh m c tiu trong mi bi ging l kh nng tip nhn kin thc ca ngi hc.V v y, khi xc nh m c tiu trong mi bi ging cn xc nh r cc yu cu trng tm trong mi bi hc v nhu cu v lng kin thc ngi hc cn chim lnh. Bc 2: Thu thp ti nguyn Ti nguyn cn phi lin quan n ch ca bi dy. Cc ti nguyn cn thit cho ch c a m i bi hc c th ly t gio trnh, sch tham kh o, phim nh v quan trng nh t l t cc chuyn gia hay nhng ngi c kin thc su sc trong tng lnh vc lin quan. Ti nguyn vt cht dng cho vic thit k bi ging gm ch vit (text); hnh nh (picture); m thanh (sound); hot hnh (animation); phim (movie)... Bc 3: Nghin cu n i dung Xy dng cc bi hc phi l ngi hiu bit su sc v ni dung cn c trnh by. Cc nh thit k c th nghin cu ni dung bi ging bng cch lm vic vi cc chuyn gia, c sch v cc ti liu hng d n v thng th h t t mnh vo v tr m t sinh vin. Tm li, khng th xy dng c nhng bi hc hiu qu nu khng thng tho ni dung c a bi hc. Bc 4: Hnh thnh tng S dng phng php cng no (brainstorming) to ra cc tng sng to. Bng cch cng no, cc nh thit k vi s gip ca nhiu ngi khc trong nhm c th c c rt nhiu tng khc nhau la chn, nh gi cht lng, tnh kh thi ca cc tng. Bc 5: Thit k bi ging Da trn nhng tng c chn, th hin bi ging vi nhng chin lc s phm ph hp. Bc 6: Lu tin trnh bi h c

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Biu tin trnh rt quan trng v cc h ng dn bi ging vi s h tr ca my tnh thng l tng tc c v n th hin s lin kt trong bi ging. Biu tin trnh gm c thng tin khi no my tnh cung cp t liu, iu g xy ra khi ngi h c lm sai v khi no bi hc kt thc... Mc chi tit c a biu tin trnh khc nhau tu theo tng phng php c p dng khi thit k. i vi cc phng php n gin (bi hng d n, bi tp rn luyn, bi kim tra) nn dng cc biu n gin miu t tng quan v phm vi v tin trnh ca bi h c. Bc 7: Th hin n i dung cc bi hc Bc ny, tp trung vo thit k v xy d ng cc bi d y. Thng thng, cc ni dung c th hin di cc hot ng dy h c (educational activities) thng qua cc hnh ng, hot ng c th c a ngi hc. Thc tin cho thy, cht lng c a m t courseware ph thuc ph n ln vo cc thc th hin n i dung thnh cc ho t ng. Bc 8: Th hin bi dy thnh chng trnh Bc ny l qu trnh chuyn i kch bn trn giy thnh courseware. C rt nhiu phn mm cho php thc hin cng vic ny nh ph n mm eXe Learning, Lectora, IBM Authoring Tool... Bc 9: Xy dng cc ti liu h tr Th ng c 4 loi: ti liu hng dn sinh vin, ti liu hng dn ging vin, ti liu hng dn k thu t v ti liu hng d n b sung. Gio vin v ngi hc c cc nhu cu khc nhau do ti liu cho m i i tng cng khc nhau. Ti liu hng dn k thut cn thit cho vic ci t nhng bi ging phc tp ho c cn c cc thit b phc tp... Ti liu hng dn b sung gm phiu hc tp, biu , bi thi, nh v bi lu n.... Bc 10: nh gi v chnh sa Cui cng, bi ging v cc ti liu h tr cn c nh gi b ng cch t mnh xem xt ho c nh cc chuyn gia nhn xt. Cng c th s d ng phng php thc nghim s ph m kim chng cht lng ca cc bi hc. Trn c s , tin hnh iu chnh, b sung c c nhng sn phm hon chnh nh t. 3.2 CNG C XY D NG KHA HC 3.2.1 Khi qut v cng c xy dng kha h c
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Hnh 1.1 cho th y, gio vin (ngi dy) c th to kha hc theo 2 cch. Mt l, dng chnh h thng qun l h c tp to kha hc ( c gii thiu trong chng 2). Theo cch ny, gio vin khng cn s dng cc cng c khc m vn to c kha h c t vic vit mc tiu; hng dn hc tp; phn b thi gian, k hoch hc tp; cung cp ti nguyn; thit k cc hot ng h c tp; cc din n trao i, hp tc...Tuy nhin, theo cch ny, c mt s hn ch v cu trc kha h c, v h c liu, c bit l tnh tng tc vi ni dung hc tp. Hai l, dng Authoring Tools to kha hc. Theo cch ny, cu trc kha hc s c th hin r rng, ni dung, ti nguyn, cc hot ng h c tp c thit k tp trung, cho php to ra cc hot ng vi s tng tc cao theo ngi dy. Tuy nhin, kha hc c to theo cch ny cha bao gm cc ho t ng tng tc gia ngi d y v ngi hc, gia ngi hc vi nhau. Thng th ng, ngi dy kt h p c hai cch trn trong vic thit k m t kha hc, s dng LMS to kha hc, lp k hoch hc tp, cung cp cc ti nguyn ngoi, thit k m t s hot ng hp tc, chia s, qun l lp hc..., cn s dng Authoring Tools to cc hot ng dy hc tng tc, cc hot ng nh gi v thng c nhp vo LMS di nh dng chun SCORM. Ngi dy phi kim sot c ni dung no lm theo cch 1, ni dung no lm theo cch 2. Phn trnh by di y cp ti mt vi cng c xy dng kha hc theo cch 2. 3.2.2 Phn mm Lectora 3.2.2.1 Gii thiu v Lectora Trivantis Lectora l m t phn mm cho php c nhn hay mt nhm to ra nhng kha hc c tnh tng tc m t cch d dng. Nhng kha h c ny c th c pht trin di dng mt websites hay di dng mt ng dng c lp. Phn mm ny h tr nhiu nh dng thng tin khc nhau nh ch, hnh nh, m thanh, phim hay hot hnh...cng nh h tr cc chun cng ngh Internet nh HTML, Java hay JavaScript. Lectora l mt phn mm d hc vi nhng cng c ko-th, d dng to ra cc tng tc vi cc i tng trong kha hc. Bn c th lm ch phn mm ny trong mt khong thi gian ngn 3.2.2.2 Cu trc ca m t kha hc to ra bi Lectora

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Cch n gin nh t hnh dung cu trc kha hc c a bn l hy so snh kha hc vi mt cun sch. Cu trc mt cun sch bao gm nhiu trang thng tin v thng c chia thnh cc chng (Chapters); mi chng c th tip tc chia thnh cc phn (Sections). Vi phn mm Lectora, cu trc kha hc c th c thit k ging nh cu trc m t cun sch. Tuy nhin, b n c th cu trc linh ho t kha h c theo cch ca mnh. c th ch l cc trang thng tin; c th c chia thnh cc chng, cc phn... 3.2.2.3 Inheritance, mt khi nim quan tr ng khi s d ng Lectora Vi Lectora, chng ta s tit kim c nhiu thi gian vi chc nng inheritance. l, vi nhng i tng, ch cn to ra mt ln v c s dng li nhiu ln trong ton kha hc nh giao din ca cc trang, cc nt di chuyn gia cc trang... Trong Lectora, chc n ng Inheritance hot ng theo nhng nguyn tc sau: Nh ng i tng c trong mt trang, n ch xut hin trong trang Nh ng i tng c trong mt ph n s xu t hin trong tt c cc trang thu c phn Nh ng i tng c trong mt chng s xut hin trong tt c cc trang thuc cc phn trong ch ng Nh ng i tng c trong mt kha hc s xut hin trong tt c cc trang trong mi phn ca m i chng trong kha hc

3.2.2.4 Nhng nh dng thng tin Lectora h tr Ho t hnh: GIF Animations (.gif) ;Flash Animations (.swf, .spl) Hnh nh: JPEG (.jpeg, .jpg); GIF (.gif); TIFF (.tif); Windows bit map (.bmp); Windows metafiles (.wmf); Portable Network Graphics (.png) Phim: Microsoft (.avi); Quicktime (.mov); MPEG (.mpg, .mpeg); Real Media (rm, rmm, ram); Microsoft Streaming Video (.asf); RealMedia Streaming Video (.rm) m thanh: Wave (.wav); MIDI (.mid, .rmi); MP3 (.mp3); Sun (.au); Macintosh (.aiff or .aif); Microsoft Streaming Audio (.asf) ; RealMedia Streaming Audio (.rm) Vn bn: Rich-Text documents (.rtf); Text documents (.txt)

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IPIX: An interactive, 360 degree, 3-dimensional image; Shockwave, HTML, Java, Javascript; Supported via the External HTML Object 3.2.2.5 Lc ca kha hc Cng vic rt quan trng v cng l vic lm u tin khi dng Lectora hay b t c phn mm no thit k cc kha hc l thit k kch bn ca kha hc. Theo , kha hc c th hin thng qua hng lo t cc mn hnh k tip nhau theo logic kha hc. Vic duyt qua cc trang mn hnh c thc hin thng qua h thng cc nt lnh (next, previous) hay qua thanh thc n. 3.2.2.6 Giao din chnh

Hnh 3.1: Giao din Lectora Ngoi thanh thc n, thanh cng c , giao din phn mm Lectora c chia lm hai phn chnh: Phn bn tri (vng qu n l cc i tng to kha hc): Bao gm cc action to s trang t ng cho kha hc; cc nt lnh duyt qua cc ni dung ca kha hc v cc chng, phn, trang thng tin cho kha hc. Mun chuyn ti m t chng, phn, trang no bin tp ni dung, ngi dng s thao tc trn vng ny.
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Phn bn phi (vng nhp thng tin cho kha hc): th hin n i dung tng ng cho chng, ph n hay trang c chn vng qun l cc i tng kha h c. Khi bin so n kha h c, ni dung s c chn trc tip vo vng ny. 3.2.2.7 Cc thanh cng c Thanh cng c chun (standard toolbar)

Hnh 3.2: Thanh cng c chun 1. New: To kha hc mi 2. Open: M kha hc c 3. Save: Lu tr kha hc 4. Cut: Ct d liu 5. Copy: Sao d liu 6. Paste: Dn d liu 7. Undo: B lnh thc hin 8. Redo: Thc hin li lnh b 9. Find: Tm kim 10. Find Next: Tm kim tip 11. Print: In trang kha hc 12. Help: Tr gip

Thanh cng c ch (text toolbar)

Hnh 3.3: Thanh cng c ch 1. Font: La chn font ch 2. Font Size: La chn c ch

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3. Color: La chn mu ch 4. Bold: La chn ch in m 5. Italic: La chn ch nghing 6. Underline: La ch n ch gch chn 7. Align Left: Canh l tri 8. Center: Canh l gia 9. Align Right: Canh l phi 10. Align Both: Canh l hai bn 11. Numbering: To danh sch c th t 12. Bullet: To danh sch khng c th t 13. Decrease Indent: Gim khong cch th t u dng 14. Increase Indent: Tng khong cch tht u dng 15. Hyperlink: To lin kt 16. Reference: Tham chiu Thanh cng c chn (insert toolbar)

Hnh 3.4: Thanh cng c chn 1. Add Chapter: Thm chng 2. Add Section: Thm phn 3. Add Page: Thm mt trang 4. Add Test: Thm bi trc nghim 5. Add Test Section: Thm ph n trong bi trc nghim 6. Add Question: Thm cu h i trc nghim 7. Add Text Block: Chn on vn bn 8. Add Image: Chn nh 9. Add Animation: Chn ho t hnh

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10. Add Video: Chn Video 11. Add APIX: Chn nh 12. Add Audio: Chn m thanh 13. Add Button: Chn nt lnh 14. Add Table of Content: Chn cy th mc ni dung 15. Add Referece List: Chn danh sch tham chiu 16. Add Document: Chn mt tp tin vn b n 17. Add External HTML: Chn cc th HTML 18. Add Menu: Chn thanh thc n 19. Add Equation: Chn cng thc 20. Add Action: Chn cc ho t ng. Thanh cng c hin th ch lm vic (mode bar)

Hnh 3.5: Cng c hin th ch lm vic 1. Edit Mode: Ch son th o 2. Run Mode: Ch ch y th 3. Preview Mode: Ch xem trc kha hc Thanh cng c v (drawing toolbar)

Hnh 3.6: Cng c v 1. Shape Bar: Thanh cng c v cc hnh 2. Block Arrow Bar: Thanh cng c v cc mi tn 3. Triangle Bar: Thanh cng c v cc tam gic 4. Trapezoid Bar: Thanh cng c v cc hnh thang 5. Paralleologram Bar: Thanh cng c v cc hnh bnh hnh 3.2.2.8. Giao din vng son tho cc trang thng tin ca kha hc

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Hnh 3.7: Giao din trang u ca kha h c 3.2.2.9. Vng qun l cc i tng chn vo kha h c

Hnh 3.8: Qun l cc i tng 3.2.2.10. Cc bc to ra mt kha hc trong Lectora

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Bc 1: La chn tab Title Wizard to kha hc t ng Lectora cung cp sn 10 kiu giao din khc nhau cho kha h c. Trong v d minh ha, kha hc mi c to ra thng qua kiu Aqua. Sau khi chn kiu giao din cho kha hc, nhp OK

Hnh 3.9: La chn giao din kha hc Bc 2: Nhp tiu kha hc, la chn th mc cha kha hc Trong v d minh h a, tiu kha h c l Li luan day hoc Cong nghe. Khi cn thay i th mc cha kha hc, nh p chut vo nt lnh Choose Folder. Nhp chn nt lnh Next tip tc.

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Hnh 3.10: Nh p tiu cho kha h c Bc 3: La chn kch thc trang thng tin Nu chn Fixed page size, kch thc mc nh ca trang thng tin l 640x480. C th thit k trang di h n n u chn m c Taller page with scrollbar. Nhp vo nt lnh Next tip tc.

Hnh 3.11: La chn kch thc trang Bc 4: La chn s chng trong kha h c Lectora t to s chng trong kha h c. Trong bc ny, bn nhp s chng c a kha hc. Khi hp chn Include test at end of Title c chn, ph n trc nghim s t ng c thm vo kha hc. Nhp tip nt lnh Next.

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Hnh 3.12: La chn cu trc kha h c Bc 5: Nhp tn cc chng Ty thuc vo s chng ca kha h c to ra bc trc, Lectora yu cu nhp tn cho tng chng. Trong hnh minh ha, tn c a hai chng c nhp l: Gii thiu v mn LLDH Cng ngh v Mn Cng ngh trng ph thng. Kt thc bc ny, nh n vo nt lnh Finish hon tt vic to giao din v cu trc kha hc.

Hnh 3.13: t tn chng Bc 6: B sung thng tin v hon thin kha hc Cc bc t 1 n 5 ch mi to ra giao din ca kha hc, cu trc kha h c theo chng, m c ch cha c n i dung c a kha hc.

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Trong bc ny, cn tin hnh chnh sa giao din, cc tiu (nu cn thit); thm cc trang vo chng, ph n; a thng tin (vn b n, hnh nh, phim, m thanh, hot hnh...) vo cc trang tng ng; to cc bi trc nghim ca kha hc... Bc 7: Xut bn kha hc Sau khi thit k hon ch nh kha hc, Lectora cho php xu t b n kha hc di nhiu nh d ng khc nhau nh: Publish to single Executable File: ng gi kha hc thnh mt tp tin c ph n m rng l exe, ch y c lp c trn cc h iu hnh Windows Publish to CD-ROM: Xut bn ra a CD, t to Autorun m kha hc. Publish to HTML: Xut bn d i dng cc cc trang web c lin kt vi nhau. Publish to SCORM/Web-Based: ng gi theo chu n SCORM, a ln h thng qun l ni dng CMS (content management system). 3.2.3 Phn mm eXe 3.2.3.1 Gii thiu v eXe eLearning XHTML editor (eXe) l m t cng c xy dng ni dung o to (authoring) c thit k chy trn mi trng web gip cc gio vin v cc hc vin trong vic thit k, pht trin v xu t b n cc ti liu dy v h c trn web m khng cn phi thnh th o v HTML, XML hay cc ng dng xut bn web. Trong mi trng eXe, cc thng tin, n i dung, cc ho t ng hc tp c nh dng sn di dng cc iDevices (instructional device). Trong trng hp cn thit, eXe cho php t xy d ng cc iDevice mi ph hp vi tng ca ngi dng. 3.2.3.2 Giao din ca eXe

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Hnh 3.14: Giao din eXe Giao din ca ph n mm eXe kh n gin. N bao gm 3 vng ring bit vi cc m c ch khc nhau trong tin trnh xy dng kha hc, l: Vng Outline y l vng lm vic cho php ngi s dng to ra cu trc ca kha hc theo kch b n c thit k. Khi xut bn kha hc, ni dung cu trc kha hc s xu t hin phn bn tri mn hnh cho php ngi hc d dng duyt qua cc n i dung trong ton b kha hc. Vng iDevice Vng ny bao gm mt tp cc phn t c cu trc c thit k sn theo s ph m m t ni dung hc tp nh mc tiu kha hc (objectives), kim tra kin thc nn (pre-knowledge); to cc hot ng hc tp (nh hot ng c-reading activites, nghin cu trng h p - case study, ho t ng phn nh v suy ngm reflection, cc hot ng khc - activites); cc hot ng kim tra (in khuyt - cloze activities, cu h i a la chn - multi-choice, cu hi nhiu p n ng - multiselect); cung cp thng tin cho kha h c (ni dung ch - free text, th vin nh image galery, nh phng qua knh - image magnifier, trang web tham kho - external
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web site, RSS..). Mt trang ni dung c th gm 1 hoc nhiu iDevice ty thu c vo kch b n c thit k. Vng Authoring y l vng son th o ni dung chnh c a eXe cho m i trang trong kha h c. chuyn ti trang cn son tho, nhp chut vo trang trong vng outline. Tip , a ni dung vo trang, nhp chut vo iDevice cn chn, mn hnh vng Authoring s chuyn sang nh d ng thit k sn cho iDevice nhp cc thng tin c th cho kha hc. 3.2.3.3 Thit k cu trc kha hc Vng outline cho php ta to cu trc kha hc thng qua cc thao tc thm trang, xa trang, i tn trang, thay i th t trang, thay i cp m c cho cu trc kha hc. C th thm trang Bm chn v tr cn a vo cy cu trc Bm chn nt Add page Sau khi bm nt Add Page, cy cu trc s xut hin mt trang mi.

i tn trang Kch p chu t vo nhnh cn i tn. Xu t hin hp hi thoi. Nh p tn mi cho nhnh (trang) vo Enter the new name. Bm OK hon thnh vic i tn.

xa m t nhnh hay m t trang Kch chn nhnh, trang cn xo Kch chn nt Delete Bm chn OK xc nh n xo.

thay i v tr nhnh, trang trong cu trc thay i cp su ca m t nhnh, s dng cc nt tri, phi thay i v tr c a cc nhnh trong cng mt cp, s dng cc nt ln, xu ng

3.2.3.4 a n i dung vo cc trang

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N i dung cc trang c xy dng hon ton thng qua cc iDevice (c sn hoc t xy dng). Vic nhp thng tin da trn cc mu nh d ng c a iDevice kh n gin. Ph n ny ch tp trung vo gii thiu chi tit v cc iDevice v kha cnh chc nng s phm trong qu trnh thit k kha h c. Activity (ho t ng) iDevice ny cho php to mt hot ng h c tp. Hot ng ny khng c nh hng trc m do gio vin t xy d ng bng cch nhp ni dung ho t ng hc tp vo mi trng so n tho vn bn c to ra khi nhp chut vo iDevice ny. Attachment (nh km tp tin) iDevice ny cho php nh km mt tp tin vo n i dung c a trang. iDevice ny thng c s dng khi ngi d y mun ngi hc tham kho tp tin to tnh hung, cung cp thng tin, v d, m phng...v ni dung cp m trong mi trng eXe khng th hin c. Case Study (nghin cu trng hp) iDevice ny cho php a vo bi hc mt cu chuyn (cn gi l trng h p) c lin quan n n i dung hc tp. Trn c s , thc hin mt nhim v h c tp no . iDevice ny c dng nhiu trong cc ni dung i hi gii quyt cc vn lin quan ti thc tin. Cloze Activity (hot ng in khuyt) iDevice ny cho php thc hin cc trc nghim in khuyt. N c th c s dng nh l cch t vn , dn d t hay chim lnh kin thc thng qua ho t ng in khuyt ho c n gin ch l ho t ng kim tra trng thi nhn th c c a ngi h c. External Website (trang web ngoi) iDevice ny cho php to mt vng hin th mt trang web no ngay trong trang ang son tho c n i dung cn tham kho. iDevice ny s c dng nhiu khi kha hc c thit k c n i dung lin quan nhiu ti cc trang web trn Internet. Cn lu , iDevice ny ch hot ng khi my tnh ang kt ni vi Internet. Free Text (hp ch )

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iDevice ny cho php to mt vn bn (cha ch n thun v c th thm mt s hnh nh, ng lin kt). N c dng to cc thng bo, k hoch, cc hng dn, cc ni dung ch khng trng vi cc iDevice khc. Image Gallery (th vin hnh nh) iDevice ny cho php to ra m t th vin nh trong trang. N c dng trong cc trng hp minh ha n i dung h c tp, so snh, v d hay to tnh hung hc tp... Image Magnifier (xem nh qua knh lp) iDevice ny cho php chn mt bc nh vo trang, s dng cng c l mt knh lp (c thit k sn) xem v phng to cc phn khc nhau trn nh. N thng c dng thc hin hot ng khm ph mt b c tranh c n i dung phc tp hay c nh ng yu t ha nh, quan trng nhng khng quan st c... Image with text (nh km ch) iDevice ny cho php chn nh v ch vo trang ni dung. Multi choice question (cu hi a la chn) iDevice ny cho php to cu h i a la chn. Ty thu c vo ni dung ch m iDevice ny s thc hin nhng chc nng khc nhau nh minh ha, v d, to tnh hung, nu nhim v hc tp... Objective (mc tiu) iDevice ny cho php nhp mc tiu ca kha h c. Preknowlege (kim tra kin thc n n) iDevice ny cho php t cc cu h i kim tra kin th c n n ca hc vin trc kha h c. Reading Activity (hot ng c) iDevice ny cho php to mt ho t ng c. N gm c ni dung c; nhim v cn thc hin sau khi c; tm tt nhng im chnh trong bi c, a ra cc cu h i yu cu phn tch su hn v bi c. Reflection (ph n nh, suy ngm) iDevice ny cho php a ra cc cu hi yu cu ngi hc suy ngm (phn nh) v nhng g t c trong h c tp thng qua mt hot ng hc tp
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hay mt n i dung no . N cn cho php ngi dy nh c li nhng g ngi hc t c lm so snh vi nh n thc ca ngi hc trong qu trnh suy ngm (phn nh). Quiz (trc nghim) iDevice ny cho php to cc bi trc nghim vi cc mc ch khc nhau trong kha hc. True - False Question (cu hi dng ng Sai) iDevice ny cho php to cc cu trc nghim kiu ng Sai v c s dng vi nhiu m c ch khc nhau trong kha h c. Wikipedia Article (bi vit trn wikipedia) iDevice ny cho php tra cu cc thut ng c xc nh trong bch khoa ton th m (wikipedia) vi mc ch tham kh o n i dung cho kha hc. Cn lu , iDevice ny ch hot ng khi my tnh ang kt ni vi Internet. 3.3 THC HNH Ti v ci t Lectora dng th v to kha hc theo ng lin kt sau: http://www.trivantis.com/uk/lectora-publisher Ti v ci t eXe to kha hc theo lin kt sau: http://exelearning.org 3.4 T NH GI 3.4.1 Hon thnh on vn sau y: Courseware l m t ng dng cng ngh thng tin c s dng nh mt cng c h c tp hay h tr qu trnh dy h c theo cch cung cp .................. i km vi nhng ......................... c thit k ................ m b o ngi hc c th ............... d dng v t hiu qu cao nht vi s ............ c a cng ngh thng tin. 3.4.2. Khi chn mt nh vo trong m t phn, theo nguyn tc tha k, nh m c nh s xut hin : a. Tt c cc trang trong kha hc b. Tt c cc phn trong kha hc c. Trong ph n v cc trang bn trong

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3.4.3. Hy in s th t cho ng cc nt lnh ca phn mm Lectora

.......... Add Text Block: Chn on vn bn .......... Add Question: Thm cu hi trc nghim .......... Add Animation: Chn hot hnh .......... Add Page: Thm m t trang .......... Add Chapter: Thm chng .......... Add Section: Thm phn .......... Add Test Section: Thm phn trong bi trc nghim .......... Add Test: Thm bi trc nghim .......... Add Image: Chn nh .......... Add Button: Chn nt lnh .......... Add Document: Chn mt tp tin vn bn .......... Add Table of Content: Chn cy th mc ni dung .......... Add Equation: Chn cng thc .......... Add APIX: Chn nh .......... Add Audio: Chn m thanh .......... Add Video: Chn video .......... Add Referece List: Chn danh sch tham chiu .......... Add External HTML: Chn cc th HTML .......... Add Action: Chn cc ho t ng. .......... Add Menu: Chn thanh thc n 3.4.5 t tiu bng ting Anh cho cc iDevice c m t di y ......................................... iDevice ny cho php thc hin cc trc nghim in khuyt. N c th c s dng nh l cch t vn , dn d t hay chim lnh kin thc thng qua ho t ng in khuyt ho c n gin ch l ho t ng kim tra trng thi nhn th c c a ngi h c.
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......................................... iDevice ny cho php to mt vng hin th mt trang web no ngay trong trang ang son tho c n i dung cn tham kho. iDevice ny s c dng nhiu khi kha hc c thit k c n i dung lin quan nhiu ti cc trang web trn Internet. Cn lu , iDevice ny ch hot ng khi my tnh ang kt ni vi Internet. ......................................... iDevice ny cho php to mt vn bn (cha ch n thun). N c dng to cc thng bo, k hoch, cc hng dn, cc n i dung ch khng trng vi cc iDevice khc. ......................................... iDevice ny cho php to ra m t th vin nh trong trang. N c dng trong cc trng hp minh ha n i dung h c tp, so snh, v d hay to tnh hung hc tp... 3.5 TI LIU THAM KHO 1. Instructional Design for Online Learning at http://www.pitt.edu/~poole/onlinelearning.html 2. Guide to Couse Development at http://midsolutions.org/faculty_tools/course_design/course_index.html 3. Instructional Design for Online Leanring at http://www.ibritt.com/resources/dc_instructionaldesign.htm 4. http://www.trivantis.org 5. http://exelearning.org

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PHN 4: BNG CH GII THUT NG

Analog Mt tn hiu in t bin i dng lu tr v truyn d liu. Tng i kh khn lu tr, x l v truyn d liu lo i tng t. Tn hiu ny truyn dn ch m hn tn hiu s Applet Mt ng dng nh ch y trn trnh duyt cho php thc hin c nhng chc nng mi nh ho t hnh Application Software Mt chng trnh phn mm cho php ngi dng thc hin cc nhim v c th nh x l vn bn, th in t, k ton, qun l d liu Asynchronous Learning Qu trnh hc tp trong ngi hc v ngi d y khng ng thi trc tuyn, nh th in t (email), th o lun nhm (discussion groups), cc kha hc c lp (self-paced courses) Bandwidth l kh nng d n thng tin ca knh truyn thng. Bng thng cng ln th tc truyn d liu cng nhanh. BBS (bulletin board system) m t h thng trn mt my ch c dng ng thng tin, tin hnh tho lun, a ln v ti xung cc tp tin, tr chuyn hay cc d ch v trc tuyn khc. H thng ny thng c to phc v cho mt nhm ngi c cng quan tm n mt ch no th o lun, hp tc, chia s nng cao hiu bit ca cc thnh vin trong nhm. Blended Learning L s kt hp gia cc hot ng hc tp trc tuyn v gip mt nhm khai thc ti a u im ca hai hnh tc dy h c ny. Blog (Weblog)

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l mt trang nh t k trn mng ng ti nhng ghi chp c theo cch suy ngh c a ai , cc li bnh lu n, c cp nht thng xuyn v thng th hin quan im c a ngi to ra n Broadband Knh truyn dn c kh nng truyn ti ng th i nhiu tn hiu Browser l phn mm tng tc, truy cp v hin th thng tin trn Internet ho c tp tin c to ra b i ngn ng HTML CBT (Computer-Based Training) Vic o to vi s h tr ca my tnh in t. Thu t ng ny thng s d ng khi my tnh in t dng trong o to nhng khng kt ni mng CD-ROM (compact disk read-only memory) Mt thit b lu tr d liu s s dng cng ngh quang hc Chat Mt phng php giao tip trc tuyn s dng ch gi v nhn cc thng ip Courseware Phn mm gio d c cung cp h c liu v nhng hng dn hc tp thng qua my tnh Delivery Phng php phn pht thng tin ti ngi dng thng qua Internet, CD-ROM, sch, ngi hng dn hay cc phng tin khc Discussion Forums Mt ni cho php m i ngi trao i thng tin v ch cng quan tm Distance Education Gio dc trong khng c s tip xc trc tip gia ngi dy v ngi h c DSL (digital subscriber line) L mt phng php truy cp Internet tc cao qua ng dy in tho i DVD (digital versatile disk)

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Mt thit b lu tr d liu in t s dng cng ngh quang hc lu tr thng tin di nh dng s v c kh nng lu tr ln hn rt nhiu so vi a CDs e-Learning Mt hnh thc h c tp thng qua mng Internet di d ng cc kha hc v c qun l bi cc h thng qu n l h c tp m b o s tng tc, hp tc p ng nhu cu hc m i lc, mi ni ca ngi h c Email Vit tt c a electronic mail, l m t dch v trn Internet dng gi v nhn th in t Facilitator l ngi hng dn c vai tr h tr, nh hng, v khuyn khch vic h c tp trong khi hc tp trc tuyn FAQ (frequently asked questions) H th ng cc cu h i, cu tr li thng gp nht v m t ch , sn phm hay dch v no thng dnh cho nhng ngi cn cha c kin th c, kinh nghim v n File Server My tnh dng lu tr, qun l tp tin, phn mm trn mt mng my tnh gip ngi dng chia s thng tin v cc ngun ti nguyn khc Firewall phn mm hoc phn cng c thit k b o v my tnh hay mng my tnh khi s truy cp tri php FTP (file transfer protocol) Mt giao thc trn Internet dng truyn tp tin gia hai my tnh. Ph n ln cc trnh duyt tch hp FTP ti ln v xung cc tp tin Home page Trang u khi m mt web site, thng cha ng cc lin kt ti cc trang khc Host

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Mt h thng my tnh trn mng phn ph i v nhn thng tin t nhng my tnh khc HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) M my tnh s dng to trang web v c hin th bi cc trnh duyt HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) Giao thc Internet s dng trao i thng tin trn dch v world wide web Instructional Designer Ngi a ra phng php v h thng phn pht ni dung kha h c Interactive multimedia cho php tng tc hai chiu vi hc liu a phng tin, vi my tnh khc, hay ngi dng khc Internet Mng my tnh ton cu Intranet Mng my tnh n i b s hu bi mt cng hay mt t chc v ch truy cp c t m t my tnh bn trong mng LAN (local area network) Mng my tnh cc b cho php giao tip v chia s thng tin v cc thit b nh my in, modem Link o n vn b n (thng c gch d i) khi kch chu t vo n s chuyn ti mt ni dung thng tin tng ng Multimedia S kt hp gia knh ch, hnh, ting, mu sc trnh by thng tin theo cch hp d n v sinh ng Network Nhm cc my tnh v thit b ngoi vi (my in, modem) kt n i vi nhau cho php ngi dng khai thc, chia s thng tin v ti nguyn Newsgroup

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Mt din n trao i thng tin ni ch gii v cc ch c th c ng ti v chia s Online Kt ni vi Internet hay my tnh khc Online learning Thu t ng miu t gio dc v o to din ra trc tuyn Plug-in Phn mm cho php trnh duyt thc hin c thm cc ch c n ng nh pht m thanh, hin th phim, hay xem vn bn nh l mt chc n ng tch hp c a trnh duyt. Portal L im b t u chnh c a mt trang web hay cng thng tin trn Internet Real-time communication Truyn thng vi rt t hoc khng c tr; tng tc ng b Rich content Kha h c cht lng cao hay h c liu web, thng c th hin qua vic thit k cng phu, tp trung vo vic h c Self-paced learning Vic hc c thc hin khng ng b qua CD-ROM hoc Internet m khng c s hng dn. Ngi hc t nghin cu da trn cc hc liu ca kha h c. Server My tnh c kh n ng lu tr ln cc tp tin, cc ng dng v cc ngun ti nguyn khc Simulations S trnh din a phng tin tng tc, c thit k m hnh ha cc kch bn th t v cho php ngi dng tham gia v tri nghim an ton Software M ch ng trnh my tnh cung cp cho my tnh vi nhng hng dn thc hin mt cng vic c th no

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Teleconferencing Tho lun (knh hnh ho c knh ting, hoc c hai) c thc hin qua cc knh vin thng nh in tho i, mng cc b, v Internet URL (uniform resource locator) a ch s dng xc nh mt trang hay m t tp tin trn Internet User interface Cc thnh phn ca h thng my tnh ngi dng tng tc vi my tnh, mn hnh, bn phm, chut.. Video Conferencing Truyn hnh trc tuyn gia 3 a im tr ln Virtual classroom l lp hc o, n i ngi h c, ngi dy tng tc trc tuyn trn mng Virtual community l cng ng o n i cng ng ngi trn mng Internet chia s s thch chung WBT (web-based training) Gio dc v o to da trn Internet v s dng trnh duyt Web page Tp tin HTML hay mt vn bn; mt phn ca web site Web site Mt nhm cc trang web c mi lin h bao gm c trang ch WWW (World Wide Web) L h thng thng tin mng c th truy cp, mt hin thn ca kin th c loi ngi

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Tc gi chnh Ph gio s L Huy Hong- Gi ng vin trng i hc S phm H N i L Xun Quang, Ths- Gi ng vin trng i hc s ph m H Ni

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