Cac Buoc TH Dutoan Voi Phanmem GXD 8

Hng dn thc hnh lp d ton trn phn mm D ton GXD Bin tp ln 6 thng 3.
2013 __________________________________________________________________________________
CC BC C BN THC HNH TRN PHN MM D TON GI XY DNG

Bin tp ln 6, thng 3/2013 theo phin bn mi ca Phn mm GXD8
Li m u:
Sau gn 4 nm xut hin, phn mm d ton Gi xy dng (Sau y gi l D ton GXD) li nhiu n tng vi ngi s dng trn khp c nc. Mi ngi dn quen vi vic s dng GXD lp d ton, lm h s d thu cng nh h s thanh quyt ton. D ra i sau, nhng vi kinh nghim ca mt ngi c chuyn mn su trong lnh vc Kinh t xy dng cng vi tinh thn chu kh lng nghe, kin tr theo ui cc nh hng pht trin ring ca mnh, tc gi phn mm, Thc s Nguyn Th Anh to ra mt thng hiu snh ngang vi cc phn mm ni ting trn th trng xy dng trong nhng nm qua. L mt ngi thng xuyn s dng Phn mm GXD phc v cng vic cng nh thng xuyn c cng vi tc gi hng dn thc hnh cho cc hc vin lp o bc tin lng v lp d ton cng trnh do Cng ty Gi xy dng t chc. Ti dnh thi gian bin tp Ti liu ny, vi phn m t vic lp d ton di dng hnh nh v chia thnh cc bc, cc ln trc ti liu gip cho nhiu ngi mi tip xc vi d ton hnh dung c cc cng vic mnh phi lm cng nh gip nhanh chng thun thc x l trn D ton GXD. Vi vic Tc gi Nguyn Th Anh v Cng ty Gi xy dng nng cp Phin bn d ton mi ln Vesion 8 (GXD8) vi nhiu ci tin, ti bin tp li ti liu ny cho ph hp vi nhng ci tin ca phn mm, dnh tng cho cc hc vin v ang theo hc lp o bc tin lng v Lp d ton cng trnh do Cng ty Gi xy dng t chc, ng thi dnh tng cho tt c cc bn ang s dng D ton GXD. Ngoi ti liu ny, cc bn cng c th c phn Hng dn s dng lun c cp nht theo cc phin bn (file hdsd.chm tch hp sn km theo) nm r hn tt c cc tnh nng ca phn mm d ton GXD. Ti liu ny gm cc phn sau (Cc bn n vo link n nhanh phn hng dn): Phn 1: Hng dn lp d ton theo Phng php s dng n gi a phng Gip cc bn thao tc lp d ton theo hng s dng n gi cng b ca cc a phng Phn 2: Hng dn lp d ton theo Phng php xy dng n gi cng trnh Gip cc bn thao tc lp d ton theo nh mc v n gi thi im hin ti ti cng trnh Phn 3: Tm hiu mt s vn khc trong phn mm D ton GXD Gii thch cc tin ch, cc tnh nng cng nh cc lnh kt ni ca phn mm, s dng chng vi mc ch g v khi no s s dng. Phn 4: Mt s tnh nng hay c dng trong phn mm Mt s tnh nng hay c dng h tr nhanh vic lp d ton Ti liu hon thnh nh hp tc gip ca tc gi phn mm d ton GXD, Ths.Nguyn Th Anh Ph gim c TTTT ca Vin Kinh t xy dng cng nh ca Cng ty CP Gi xy dng. Vi thi gian c hn cng nh vic s dng v hiu v phn mm cha ht, ti liu khng trnh khi nhng thiu st, rt mong s gp sa i ca c gi. Mi gp cho ti liu xin cc bn gi v a ch mail: levinhxd@gmail.com. Cc bn cng c th gh thm blog c nhn ca ti, chuyn chia s cc vn v Kinh t xy dng ti a ch: www.levinhxd.com . Xin trn trng cm n! H Ni, ngy 17 thng 3 nm 2013 Tc gi: L Vinh
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Hng dn thc hnh lp d ton trn phn mm D ton GXD Bin tp ln 6 thng 3.2013 __________________________________________________________________________________
PHN 1: HNG DN LP D TON THEO N GI A PHNG Trc ht cc bn hy hiu bn cht ca cc phn mm d ton: Phn mm no cng chy trn mt b c s d liu (trong thng thng gn c nh mc v n gi Tnh, Thnh ph hoc Ngnh, thng gi l n gi a phng). Nhng n gi c xy dng t mt thi gian no (2006, 2007, 2008 .), v vy cn phi iu chnh cc khon chi ph vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng Bn cnh , thng thng n gi ban hnh l n gi xy dng khng y nn cn phi tnh thm cc khon nh Trc tip ph khc, Chi ph chung, Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc, Thu GTGT, Chi ph nh tm v iu hnh thi cng theo ng hng dn ca Thng t 04/2010/TT-BXD ngy 25/05/2010 ca B xy dng v hng dn lp v qun l chi ph u t xy dng cng trnh. Vy ta c th hiu nm na n gin: S dng n gi a phng c ngha ta ly khi lng ( bc tch ra c t bn v) nhn vi n gi c a phng ni c cng trnh ban hnh tnh d ton. Tuy nhin n gi ban hnh khng cn ph hp vi th trng hin ti nn ta bt buc phi iu chnh, v iu chnh th phi phn tch cc thnh phn vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng ra. Sau iu chnh bng cch b tr trc tip (tnh chnh lch) hoc b h s (nhn h s iu chnh), hoc kt hp c 2 cch trn. Vy cch v cc bc lm th no? Bc 1: M phn mm, Chn c s d liu cc phin bn trc y, vi Excel 2007 th sau khi m phn mm, bn phi chn menu Add-Ins mi thy cc thanh cng c lp d ton. Cn phin bn mi, tc gi phn mm tch hp cc thanh cng c ca D ton ngay trn thanh Ribbon ca Excel nn thun li hn rt nhiu.
Hnh 1.1.1: Giao din mi vi cc cng c c tch hp ngay trn thanh Ribbon K t phin bn GXD7 v nay l GXD8, Vic la chn c s d liu cho File d ton tr nn ht sc d dng. Cc bn ch cn Copy D liu CSV c sn trong a CD ca phn mm hoc Download c trn mng v v Paste vo ng dn: C/Dutoan GXD/Dulieu Vi nhng bn cha nng cp phn mm ln GXD7 hay GXD8 nn tm hiu li cch chn CSDL Hng dn thc hnh GXD bin tp thng 2/2012 ti chia s trc .
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Hnh 1.1.2 Thao tc La chn c s d liu vo c s d liu cc bn n thao tc: D ton GXD/Chn C s d liu
Hnh 1.1.3 Hp la chn c s d liu Cc bn c th thy hnh 1.1.3 trn, ch cn copy cc B n gi (File CSV) cc Tnh, thnh ph hay n gi ca cc B ban hnh v paste vo dng dn C\Dutoan GXD\Dulieu. Sau chn n gi cn s dng bn List trong C s d liu l xong. Nu cha c CSDL sn lu trong my tnh th phin bn mi GXD8, bn vo Sheet ML (Mc lc), sau tm n cc ng link gii thiu n cc a ch quen thuc thuc h thng sn phm Gi xy dng. C th ti mc 12, c Ti c s d liu CSV (hnh 1.1.4)
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Hnh 1.1.4 - Hnh nh link download cc c s d liu a phng trong Sheet ML Bc 2: Chn cc thng tin v thng s vo sheet TS Cc thng s ban u rt quan trng, c bit l cc h s, nh mc t l, ch tin lng, gi nhin liu nng lng v n nh hng trc tip n gi tr cng trnh v tnh chnh xc ca bng d ton m cc bn ang lp *Thng tin: Tn cng trnh, hng mc, Ch u t .v.v *H s: H s vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng (nu c). *Cc nh mc t l: Trc tip ph khc, Chi ph chung, Li chu thu tnh trc, Thu GTGT, Chi ph nh tm ti hin trng v iu hnh thi cng (Tra thng t 04/2010/TT-BXD hoc ngay bn cnh phn n trang ca sheet cng c). *Cc thng s khc: Ch tin lng mi nht; Gi xng du nhin liu nng lng theo thi im hin ti
Hnh 1.2.1- Sheet thng s TS, Phn cc h s nh mc t l Cc bn lu trong hnh 1.2.1 trn: - Vt liu t khi c h s, do chng ta dng phng php b tr trc tip (chnh lch vt liu).
- H s nhn cng, my thi cng ly theo cc Quyt nh ca UBND Tnh, Thnh ph hoc cc B ban ngnh, Tp on kinh t nh nc, Tng cng ty .... v vic hng dn iu chnh d ton. Nu dng phng php b tr trc tip (tnh chnh lch) th cc h s nhn cng bng 1. Mt s Ch u t Ch ng cp nht nhanh ch chnh sch theo tin lng mi bng cch s dng cng thc tnh h s iu chnh nhn cng nh sau: Knc = Lng TT vng mi nht/ Lng TT trong n gi (Cng thc ny c chp nhn k t hng dn ti cc Thng t 07/2006; 03/2008; 05/2009 ca B xy dng v vic hng dn iu chnh d ton xy dng cng trnh, ng thi cc tnh, thnh ph ban hnh h s iu chnh d ton u da vo cng thc trn tnh h s iu chnh nhn cng Knc) Lu thm: Hin nay Phng php b gi nhn cng bng cch tnh Chnh lch nhn cng bt u ph bin, cc bn xem hng dn c th phn sau ca ti liu ny. * Cc nh mc t l di tra trong Thng t 04/2010/TT-BXD (xem hoc ti ti y). Tuy nhin, tc gi cc bng nh mc t l ngay trong sheet Ts ngi s dng tin tra cu. * Thu sut GTGT theo Thng t mi nht ca B Ti chnh hng dn lut thu GTGT (hin nay vn l 10% cho u ra cng trnh xy dng).
Hnh 1.2.2- Sheet thng s TS, Phn ch tin lng Cc thng s ch tin lng ny l cn c tnh gi nhn cng, chnh l Sheet Nhancong cui phn mm, t gi nhn cng chng ta dng b chnh lch nhn cng hoc b tin lng th li my trong Chi ph my xy dng. Cc bn lu trong hnh 1.2.2 trn: * Lng ti thiu chung ly theo Ngh nh ca Chnh ph v tin lng TT chung (thi im ny l N 31/2012 vi lng 1.050.000 ng thc hin t 1/5/2012). Ti N 31/2012 ti y * Lng ti thiu vng ly theo Ngh nh ca Chnh ph v tin lng TT vng (thi im ny l N 103/2012). Cc bn phi cng trnh ca mnh thuc vng no quy nh trong Ph lc 1 ca Ngh nh. Ti Ngh nh 103 ti y * Cc khon ph cp, lng ph, khon trc tip .v.v. c th kim tra ti phn thuyt minh ca n gi xy dng, lp t ca cc Tnh, Thnh ph.
Hnh 1.2.3- Sheet thng s TS, Phn gi nhin liu nng lng Cc bn lu trong hnh 1.2.3 trn: * Gi nhin liu nng lng trong bng gi ca my a phng (gi ca my gc): Cc bn tm thng tin ny ti phn thuyt minh ca bng gi ca my ca a phng. Nu khng c thng tin trn, cc bn c th tra thi im ban hnh gi ca my (v d nm 2006) sau tm cc thng tin gi nhin liu nng lng thi im v in vo. Lu : Ty theo tng phng php b gi ca my m c th in Gi gc ny hoc khng. Cc bn xem cc bc sau ca Ti liu hng dn ny. * Gi xng, du trong bng gi ca my thi im hin ti: C th ly bo gi t nh cung cp, hoc vo website Petrolimex tm cc thng co bo ch, mt a ch tin cy cc bn c th tham kho ti y. Gi in theo quy nh ca B cng thng, Tp on in lc. Cc bn tham kho gi in ti y * Tt c cc gi in vo trn cc bn nh l phi trc thu Gi tr gia tng! Khi tnh gi nhin liu nng lng trc thu vi cng trnh ti H ni, cch tnh nh v d sau: - Gi du diezel (0,05S) hin ti: 20.800 ng/lt; Ph du theo quy nh: 500 ng/lt Gi du diezel (0,05S) cha bao gm Thu GTGT tnh d ton: (20.800 - 500)/1,1 + 500 = 18.955 ng/lt. - Gi xng RON 92 hin ti: 20.800 ng/lt; Ph xng theo quy nh: 1.000 ng/lt Gi xng RON 92 cha bao gm Thu GTGT tnh d ton: (20.800 1.000)/1,1 + 1.000 = 19.000 ng/lt. Ph th khng tnh Thu (hai khon c lp) nn cn tr i trc khi chia cho 1,1 (Cc bn c th tham kho t khon 5.3- Mc I, Thuyt minh v hng dn p dng Bng gi ca my TP H Ni s 5477 ngy 24/11/2011). Cc bn cng c th tm hiu cch tnh gi xng du trc thu GTGT ca cc a phng khc ti bi vit ny trn Blog c nhn ca ti.
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Bc 3: Tra m hiu n gi * Quay li Sheet Du toan GXD, vo m hiu n gi v chn m hiu mnh cn tra * Nn chn t ngn, s dng du cng (+) gia cc t, v d vi cng tc B tng ti ch, B tng ct, s dng b thng thng phm mc 300 ta c th tra vi cm t sau: tng+ct+phm+300. *Vi cc cng tc khng c m hiu n gi th TT (Tm tnh), tn cng vic, n v v n gi ta phi g th cng vo. Lu : Vi hp tr m hiu cc bn c th ko gin, to nh ty d nhn thy ton b cc thng tin trong .
Hnh 1.3.1- Mt v d tra m cho cng tc BT dm mc 300, bng bm b tng Mt s kinh nghim khi tra m hiu: - Chng ta nn tra bng nhng t hoc cm t ngn gn, s dng du cng (+) kh nng b st m hiu l t nht. V d: Cng tc trt pho, c th ch cn g t pho, cng tc B tng tm chp, b tng M200# ch cn g Chp+ 200, b tng gch v mc 50 ch cn g v. - Vi cc cng tc thuc n gi xy dng, g con s l mt cch tm nhanh, v d Mc 200 ta ngh n vic g con s 200 vo. Vi cng tc thuc n gi Lp t, khng nn g s, v c th b st m hiu m ta s tra vn dng. V d, vi vic lp ct nha c ng knh 42mm, nu tra con s 42, ta s khng tra c m hiu, v n gi ch c ng knh 40 hoc 50mm - Cc m hiu tm tnh thng thng l mang tnh vt liu n thun nhng rt a dng v chng loi, v d: Ca hay Khun ca c rt nhiu loi (G t nhin, g cng nghip, Nha .v.v.) hoc cc cng tc nhn cng quy v n v cng, cc cng tc ca my quy v n v ca. - Ch nhm ln cc m hiu c tn gn ging nhau (v d m b tng, ct thp khc nhau v chiu cao hay m xy ch khc nhau v va ( XM - xi mng hoc TH-Tam hp)) - Tra mt m hiu m bn thy cha chc chn n ng vi cng vic ngoi thc t hay khng, c th tin hnh th Phn tch n gi chi tit (Bc 4) xem cc thnh phn hao ph c ng vi tng cng vic mnh nh tra hay khng.
Bc 4: Chit tnh n gi chi tit Trc y, bc ny gi l Phn tch vt t, tuy nhin ti u ha phn mm, gim bt dung lng cho file d ton. Tc gi gp Sheet Phn tch vt t v n gi chi tit li lm 1, v by gi n c tn cng vic l Chit tnh n gi chi tit. * Mc ch ca Chit tnh n gi chi tit l ta phn tch ra c cc hao ph v vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng theo nh mc ng thi tm thi ta xc nh c n gi cho mt n v cng tc. * Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/Chn 1- Chit tnh n gi/1. Bng chit tnh n gi Khi hin ra mt hp thao tc chn cch tnh theo gi gc, gi thng. Cc bn n ng
Hnh 1.4.1 Thao tc Chi tit tnh n gi chi tit * Lu : Trong bng n gi chi tit, vi cc cng tc vn dng th cn sa li tn vt t cho ph hp hay cc h s iu chnh cn c in vo ng theo quy nh.
Hnh 1.4.2- Mt v d phn tch hao ph theo nh mc cho cng tc lp T nha Trong v d hnh 1.4.2 trn: M lp t T (T ng knh 42mm) c tra theo ct, vn dng m hiu lp ct ng knh d40, trnh nhm ln khi p gi vt liu v sau, trong phn vt liu cn sa tn cho ph hp (T nha ming bt d42) v phn nhn cng c iu chnh h s 1,5 ln theo quy nh trong nh mc.
Bc 5: Tng hp v tnh chnh lch vt t Mc ch ca vic ny l tng hp tt c khi lng hao ph v vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng iu chnh gi do cc n gi ny, v chng c xy dng t lc a phng cng b n gi, cch y vi nm ba (2008 chng hn). Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng /Chn 2.Tng hp v chnh lch vt t
Hnh 1.5.1 Thao tc Tng hp v chnh lch vt t Bc 6: Thao tc vi bng Chnh lch vt t: * Vi chnh lch vt liu: Cc bn g gi vt t thi im hin ti vo ct gi hin ti, chnh lch tng vt t s c t ng tnh ton v tng hp c Tng CLVL - > CLVT ny s lin kt (link) sang sheet Gxd. Lu : - Cc bn c th lu li gi vt liu nhp bng cch vo Tin ch -> Lu gi vt t trong CLVT v khi cn ly li th cng vo Tin ch v chn Ly li gi lu.
Hnh 1.6.1 - Tnh nng lu gi vt t v ly li gi lu trong bng CLVT

- Gi vt liu nhp vo gi hin ti thng thng l gi c Cng b trong cc quyt nh Cng b gi ca lin s Ti chnh - Xy dng a phng hoc Gi do Ch u t ph duyt. Trng hp u thu th gi l mc gi m Nh thu cho hp l vi kh nng huy ng trn th trng. Vi gi khng c trong cng b gi cc bn c th ly bo gi t nh cung cp, nh sn xut nhng phi c cc d liu chng minh i km, phc v vic thm tra v sau. - Gi vt t nhp vo Gi hin ti phi l gi trc thu Gi tr gia tng (GTGT). * Vi chnh lch nhn cng: Thng thng nhn cng ngi ta hay dng h s iu chnh ( bc 2 trn lin quan n Sheet TS nhc n). Nu cc bn dng cch iu chnh theo b tr trc tip th cn phi tnh bng gi nhn cng (Sheet NC XD). Cc bn tham kho bc 7 * Vi chnh lch my thi cng: Bn hy xem Bc 8. Bc 7: Tnh bng gi nhn cng v B gi nhn cng trc tip Trc khi thc hin vic B gi nhn cng theo cch tnh Chnh lch nhn cng, cc bn quay li sheet TS in cc ch chnh sch tin lng cho Ph hp vi quy nh ca Tnh, Thnh ph : Ti hnh 1.7.1 di y, ti v d vic nhp thng s tin lng ca mt cng trnh ng ti huyn V Xuyn, tnh H Giang: Lng TT chung: Theo Ngh nh 31/2012 ca Chnh Ph Lng TT vng: huyn V Xuyn thuc vng IV trong Ngh nh 103/2012 ca CP
Hnh 1.7.1 Bng d liu ch tin lng ca Tnh H Giang Ph cp lu ng, Ph cp khng n nh sn xut, Ph cp khu vc: Cc bn tm c quy nh trong Thuyt minh n gi H Giang, phn 2.2 Cn c bng gi nhn cng (Cc bn c th tham kho thuyt minh n gi tnh H Giang ti y) Lng ph v Chi ph khon trc tip: Thng t 04/2010/BXD quy nh (Lun l 12 v 4% lng cp bc). Sau khi hon tt vic nhp thng s tin lng, ta tin hnh tnh bng gi nhn cng bng thao tc sau: Vo Chi ph xy dng/4.Tnh gi nhn cng/1.Bng gi nhn cng
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Hnh 1.7.2 Thao tc tnh bng gi nhn cng Vi cc thng s v d ti huyn V Xuyn, H Giang m ti nu trn, sau khi kt xut bng gi nhn cng lp tc ta c kt qu trong Sheet Nhancong nh hnh 1.7.3 di.
Hnh 1.7.3 Bng lng nhn cng huyn V Xuyn v d c tnh ra ti thi im hin ti (Thng 3/2013) By gi tnh b nhn cng, cc bn cn a gi nhn cng c tnh ra trong Sheet NCXD sang bng Tng hp v chnh lch vt t. Bc ny ta dng lnh kt ni nhn cng nh hng dn sau: Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/8.Ni vi bng chnh lch/ Tch vo Ni gi nhn cng t bng lng nhn cng
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Hnh 1.7.4 M t lnh kt ni nhn cng sang bng chnh lch vt t Lu : trn hp Ni vi bng Tng hp v chnh lch, cc bn c th ty chn ni thm Vt liu t bng VLHT, Nhn cng t bng lng nhn cng v Ca my t bng gi ca my Khi ch cn ni mi nhn cng th cc bn ch tch chn Ni gi nhn cng t bng lng nhn cng. Kt qu ta c c bng tnh chnh lch nhn cng nh sau:
Hnh 1.7.5 Bng tnh minh ha chnh lch nhn cng (Sheet TH&CLVT) Gi tr chnh lch nhn cng ny s c link trc tip sang Sheet GXD, khi cng thc tnh Chi ph nhn cng cng c phn mm t ng i theo cng thc: NC = NC*1 + CLNC nh hnh minh ha sau y:
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Hnh 1.7.5 Bng tnh minh ha Tng hp chi ph xy dng theo Chnh lch nhn cng Bc 8: Tnh gi ca my iu chnh v B gi ca my Trc khi thc hin b gi ca my, bn nn quay li Sheet Ts kim tra mt ln na cc thng s gi nhin liu nng lng gc cng nh hin ti c nhp y hay cha. V nhng thng s nh hng trc tip n vic tnh Sheet Gi ca my iu chnh (GCM). Hin ti Phn mm D ton Gi xy dng C 2 cch tnh Gi ca my iu chnh nhm b gi ca my: V nguyn l b gi ca my cc bn c th tham kho thm ti liu ny ca ti (Xem ti y). Hoc cc bn cng c th tham kho Quyt nh s 36/2011/Q-BXD ngy 23/3/2011 ca Gim c cng ty Gi Xy dng cng b hng dn b gi ca my v thit b thi cng. Cch 1: B theo thng t 06/2010/TT-BXD Thng t 06/2010/TT-BXD ca B xy dng v Hng dn lp gi ca my v thit b thi cng c hng dn b gi ca my bng cch tnh gi ca my iu chnh v b tr trc tip. V cch tnh cc bn xem Mc 1 iu 9 ca Thng t 06/2010/TT-BXD trong hng dn cch tnh cc h s K1, K2, K3.
Hnh 1.8.1Thao tc tnh gi ca my iu chnh theo TT06/2010/TT-BXD

Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/5. Tnh gi ca my/2. iu chnh gi ca my theo TT06 link gi ca my ny sang bng Tng hp v Chnh lch vt t XD ta s dng lnh kt ni gi ca my iu chnh ny sang sheet TH&CLVTXD (lnh 8) tnh chnh lch ca my
Hnh 1.8.2 - Lnh kt ni gi ca my t Sheet GCM XD sang Bng TH CLVT Lu : Cch 1 ny hin nay mc d l hng dn ca B XD tuy nhin t c p dng cho phn d liu gc ca Chi ph khu hao, Chi ph sa cha, Chi ph khc t c cc a phng ban hnh km theo bng Gi ca my. Do thiu cc d liu ny nn cc Ch u t t p dng PP b theo TT06/2010/BXD. M s dng cch b n gin nh hng dn bc 2 di y: Cch 2: B gi ca my theo cch n gin: Trc ht ta s tm hiu v sao li c t b theo cch n gin. T nm 2010 n nay, thng mi t iu chnh tin lng ti thiu, cc Tnh, Thnh ph s c mt vn bn ban hnh h s ca my dng cho cng trnh c vn NSNN km theo hng dn iu chnh gi ca my. Trong c th l hng dn iu chnh cho vic thay i gi nhin liu nng lng v tng lng ti thiu. Chnh v vy, tc gi phn mm GXD coi vic b gi ca my ch do s thay i ca 2 yu t ny l b n gin.
Hnh 1.8.3 Thao tc tnh Gi ca my iu chnh theo cch b n gin

Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/5. Tnh gi ca my/2. iu chnh gi ca my n gin link gi ca my ny sang bng Tng hp v Chnh lch vt t XD ta s dng lnh kt ni gi ca my iu chnh ny sang sheet TH&CLVTXD (lnh 8 nh trn) tnh chnh lch ca my. Minh ha nh hnh 1.8.2 trn. Lu : Mt s ngi s dng cch b gi ca my bng cch kt hp c h s v chnh lch trc tip. V d vi mt cng trnh tp H Ni, cc bn c th s dng H s ca my ca UBND thnh ph H Ni ban hnh. Tuy nhin h s ch p dng iu chnh cho tin lng th li my, nh vy chng ta c th tnh b gi nhin liu, nng lng bng cch tnh b tr trc tip. Tuy nhin cc bn s dng PM d ton GXD thi cn ty bin cho ph hp vi phng php ny.
Hnh 1.8.4 Bng b gi my thi cng cng c tnh bng cch b tr trc tip Ch : Xong cc bc ny, ta hon thnh vic b chi ph Vt liu, Nhn cng, My thi cng theo thi im hin ti, cng vi vic in cc nh mc t l (cc khon chi ph ui) trong sheet Ts, coi nh bng D ton chi ph xy dng (Gxd) xong.
Hnh 1.8.5 Mt v d Tng hp Chi ph xy dng (Gxd) sau khi hon thnh Cc bn lu phn Chi ph lp t thit b (Gldtb) thao tc hon ton tng t. Ngoi ra, nu cc bn mun lp d ton D thu th ta s lp theo n gi chi tit v n gi tng hp, mi cc bn theo di thm bc th 9.
Bc 9: Tnh n gi chi tit v D ton d thu Bc 9a: Tnh n gi chi tit: Thc ra n gi chi tit chng ta tnh trong bc 2 trn bc Chit tnh n gi chi tit Mc ch: Khi lm d ton d thu, chng ta s s dng n gi chi tit, l n gi tnh cho mt n v cng tc, v d: 1m3 b tng ct bao nhiu tin, 100m2 cp pha bao nhiu tin. Trong n gi chi tit cc bn lu mt s vn sau: 1, Phi nh iu chnh cc h s m ngoi sheet Dutoan GXD nhn, v d h s iu chnh nh mc vn chuyn, iu chnh do iu kin thi cng, iu chnh khi vn dng m hiu (nh v d m lp T (T) nu ra trn). Trng hp dng tnh nng Thm h s cng vic trong Tin ch th khng phi lm vic ny. 2, n gi chi tit ny lun mc nh gi gc, tnh theo gi hin ti ( c trong sheet TH&CLVT) ta lm nh sau:
Hnh 1.9.1 - Lnh kt ni gi hin ti trong bng CLVT XD sang GCT XD
Hnh 1.9.2 - Lnh kt ni gi vt liu, nhn cng, my sang n gi chi tit Cch 1: Vo Chi ph xy dng/8.Kt ni vi bng chnh lch/Ni sang bng n gi chi tit; khi sheet GCT c tnh theo gi hin ti.
Cch 2: Vo Chi ph xy dng/7.Kt ni vi bng n gi chi tit/Ni sang bng n gi chi tit; khi sheet GCT c tnh theo gi hin ti. Sau khi hon thnh vic kt ni gi hin ti sang n gi chi tit, chng ta c cc bng phn tch n gi chi tit theo thi im hin ti. Vic ny hon ton ging nh xy dng n gi cng trnh c hng dn phn 2 ca Ti liu ny. Bc 8b: Tnh d ton d thu * Mc ch: Sau khi hon tt vic tnh cc n gi chi tit, ta s Tng hp li di dng Bng gi d thu. Hin nay a phn cc mu trong cc h s mi thu ca Ch u t u yu cu Nh thu chng ta phi lm vic ny. Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/ 10.Tnh d ton d thu
Hnh 1.9.2 - Thao tc tnh d ton d thu
Hnh 1.9.3- Mt v d Tng hp d ton d thu Lu : Cc bc c hng dn trn c m t trn phn Chi ph xy dng, bn cnh phn mm cn h tr phn xc nh Chi ph lp t thit b. Cu trc phn Chi ph xy dng v Chi ph lp t thit b hon ton ging nhau. Do vy cc bn c th thao tc cc bc tun t nh trn xc nh chi ph Lp t thit b.
PHN 2: LP D TON THEO PHNG PHP XY DNG N GI CNG TRNH nh ngha: n gi cng trnh l n gi m ngi lp d ton t xy dng t nh mc v cc n gi vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng ti cng trnh thi im lp d ton (thay v dng n gi a phng v b gi). Chng ta c th nm na hiu rng: T s liu nh mc c sn, lp cc n gi vt liu, nhn cng v my thi im hin ti th ngi s dng chit tnh ra c n gi nh v d minh ha trong hnh di y:
Hnh 2.0.1 - V d v n gi cng trnh Trong hnh 2.0.1 trn, chng ta nhn thy vi mt cng tc b tng lt: - Phn nh mc hao ph chnh l nh mc 1776 (M AF.11110). - Phn n gi ngi lp s nhp lun gi hin ti vo. Khi s tnh ra c cc chi ph trc tip (vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng). - Tnh thm cc Chi ph ui nh Trc tip ph khc, Chi ph chung, Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc, Thu GTGT, chi ph ln tri ta s c mt n gi xy dng y . Hnh nh so snh n gi xy dng v n gi cng trnh c minh ha di: Hnh 2.0.2 m t m hiu Cng tc B tng lt 4x6, M100# trong Sheet Dutoan XD: - Phn trn minh ha tra m AF.11111 ta c n gi vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng trong n gi 56-2008 ca TP H Ni.
- Phn di minh ha ngi dng to ra n gi cng trnh Vi n gi vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng thi im hin ti.
Hnh 2.0.2 - So snh n gi a phng v n gi cng trnh Vy vn l trong phn mm D ton Gi Xy Dng, vic xy dng n gi cng trnh nh th no? Lm th no trnh nhm ln, chng ta s ln lt nghin cu cc bc sau y: Bc 1: La chn c s d liu Vic la chn CSDL hon ton ging nh trong phn Lp d ton theo n gi a phng. Tuy nhin, by gi c mt s khc bit: Chng ta khng nht thit phi chn n gi Tnh,Thnh ph ng vi ni cng trnh cn lp d ton. Tc l: Bn hon ton c th chn tm n gi, Gi vt t, Gi ca my bt k; thnh ph H Ni chng hn (k c ang tnh d ton cho cng trnh Ngh An, Hng Yn vv.). V thc cht vi phng php n gi cng trnh, bn khng dng n n gi a phng (ch cn mn m hiu, tn cng vic, n v tnh s dng cho bc sau). Bc 2: Nhp cc thng s ban u cho cng trnh Vic la chn c s d liu c bn ging nh trong phn Lp d ton theo n gi a phng 2.1 Cc h s nh mc t l
Hnh 2.1 - M t phn h s, nh mc t l ca d ton

Ti hnh 2.1 trn: - V xy dng n gi cng trnh (khng s dng b n gi a phng) nn cc h s vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng nhp bng 1. Ta c th hiu: Khng c h s iu chnh v n gi cc khon chi ph trc tip ny c tnh cho thi im hin ti. - Cc nh mc t l % ca chi ph trc tip, chi ph chung, thu nhp chu thu tnh trc, v chi ph ln tri tra theo Thng t 04/2010/TT-BXD ph hp vi loi cng trnh. - Thu GTGT theo quy nh ca B Ti chnh (nh ni phn 1 ca ti liu v hng dn lp theo G a phng) 2.2 Phn thng s d liu xy dng bng gi nhn cng
Hnh 2.2.2 - Bng thng s ch tin lng vi vng I H Ni Ti hnh 2.2.2 trn: - Mc lng ti thiu chung v mc lng ti thiu vng nh chng ta bit, c quy nh bi Chnh ph (thng thng l hng nm c Ngh nh iu chnh tin lng). hiu thm v h thng tin lng ti thiu, xin gii thch nm na vi cc bn nh sau: + Lng TT chung: p dng cho i tng l cn b cng chc, vin chc, gio vin, b i, cng an .v.v. gi chung l i tng hng lng Ngn sch nh nc. Lng ti thiu chung thng thng thay i vo ngy 1/5 hng nm (Tham kho iu 2 Ngh nh 31/2012/N-CP ny 12/4/2012 v i tng p dng). + Lng TT vng: p dng cho cc vi ngi lao ng lm vic cng ty, doanh nghip, hp tc x, t hp tc, trang tri, h gia nh, c nhn v cc t chc khc ca Vit Nam v c cc Doanh nghip nc ngoi ti Vit Nam c thu mn lao ng. Hin nay Lng TT vng ang theo quy nh ti Ngh nh 103/2012/N-CP, p dng t ngy 1/1/2013(Ti ti y) Cng nhn xy dng a phn u thuc i tng p dng ca lng ti thiu vng (tc lm vic cho cc doanh nghip c thu mn lao ng), do vy mc thng s tin lng trn, chng ta c th iu chnh Lng ti thiu chung v Lng ti thiu vng lm 1 (Tc nhp thnh 1 mc lng ti thiu vng) bng gi nhn cng ng vi ngha ca n
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Hnh 2.2.3 Mt v d ch chnh sch ti tp Vit Tr, tnh Ph Th Ti hnh 2.2.3 trn: Ta nhp lng TT chung bng lng TT vng xc nh chi ph nhn cng (do Ph Th ch ni ph cp lu ng tnh theo lng TT ch khng ni r lng TT chung hay lng TT vng, cc bn c th tham kho thuyt minh n gi Ph Th y (nh chp) Lu : Hin nay TP H Ni ban hnh cc b n gi mi (Thng 11-2011), trong , vic ch tin lng vn c tch ra gm Ph cp lu ng tnh theo lng ti thiu chung v cc khon cn li nh lng c bn, lng ph v chi ph khon trc tip tnh theo lng ti thiu vng. Hin vn c nhiu tranh ci v vn ny, tuy nhin y l cc b n gi c tnh php l cao, vy phn hnh 2.2.3 trn, cc bn c th vn nguyn lng TT chung theo ng vn bn nh nc quy nh, c th hin nay l 830.000 ng/thng. Tuy nhin, ti vn gi quan im cng nhn xy dng (hin ang lm ti cc nh thu) hon ton c hng lng theo lng ti thiu vng. Vi doanh nghip, lng ti thiu chung ch lm cn c xc nh cc khon bo him cho ngi lao ng. Tip tc vi hnh 2.2 trn: Cc ch nh Ph cp lu ng, Ph cp khng n nh sn xut, Lng ph, Chi ph khon trc tip c quy nh rt r ti thuyt minh n gi ca cc Tnh, thnh ph (Ngay u quyn n gi). Cc bn nn c k in cc thng tin vo y cho chun xc, v d nh H Ni hay TP H Ch Minh, Ph cp lu ng lun l 20%, Lng ph 12%, Khon 4% cn khng c Ph cp khng n nh sn xut.
Hnh 2.2.4 - Trch thuyt minh n gi xy dng TP H Ni (s 5481-2011) c quy nh v cc khon ph cp, lng ph v lng khon trc tip cng nh cch xc nh Tip tc vi hnh 2.2.2 trn: Vi cc a bn m c thm cc khon ph cp khc, cc bn c th nhp vo bng thng s ch tin lng c iu chnh ph hp. Vic tnh ton cc khon ph cp bng nhn cng (sheet Nhancong) u da trn quy nh ca Ngh nh 205/2004/N-CP ngy 14/12/2004 ca Chnh ph v vic Quy nh h thng thang lng, bng lng v ch ph cp lng.
2.3 Phn thng s d liu xy dng bng gi ca my thi cng Vic nhp cc thng s v gi nhin liu, nng lng tng t nh trong phn hng dn dnh cho n gi a phng trn. Tuy nhin y, do p dng n gi cng trnh nn chng ta khng c b gi, do vy ch cn nhp gi nhin liu, nng lng cho thi im hin ti l c. Gi xng, du: Theo thng co bo ch ca Petrolimex, Cng ty xng du qun i. Gi in: Theo gi in quy nh ca B cng thng, Tp on in lc EVN.
Hnh 2.2.5 - Thng s v gi nhin liu, nng lng Cch tnh Gi nhin liu thi im hin ti trc thu Gi tr gia tng cc bn c li ti Bc 2 ca Phn hng dn lp n gi a phng ni trn. Hoc tham kho ti y Bc 3: Tra m hiu nh mc, n gi Vic tra m hiu cng vic theo nh mc, n gi thc hin nh Bc 3 trong Phn 1 (Hng dn theo Phng php s dng n gi a phng). Tuy nhin, y gn nh chng ta ch tra ly tn cng vic, cn phn d liu n gi tra ra sau ny s khng dng n:
Hnh 2.3.1 - ngha ca vic tra m hiu n gi cng trnh

Lu : D khng h dng n n gi a phng, tuy nhin cc n gi cn iu chnh h s th vn phi iu chnh nh bnh thng. V d nh vic phi iu chnh cho n gi c ly vn chuyn, n gi vn dng (t theo ct) .v.v. Vic iu chnh ny gip tnh n gi chi tit v sau, cc h s iu chnh s c nh km.
Hnh 2.3.2 - n gi vn iu chnh cc h s nh bnh thng ( trong hnh minh ha 2.3.2 vic vn chuyn t 15km, phn n gi vn chuyn 6km tip theo nhn 6 v 8km cui nhn 8 bng tnh nng Thm h s cng vic trong Tin ch) Bc 4: Phn tch n gi chi tit Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/Chn 1. Chit tnh n gi/1. Bng chit tnh n gi Vic Phn tch n gi chi tit y chng ta c th hiu ging nh chng ta m sch nh mc ra, soi xem 1 cng tc no gm nhng hao ph vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng ht bao nhiu. Khi xc nh c hao ph, ta s i tm hiu n gi ca chng xc nh chi ph. Lu cc chi ph s c tnh y cc khon ui (chi ph trc tip khc, chi ph chung, thu nhp chu thu tnh trc, Thu GTGT, Ln tri tm) thnh mt n gi chi tit y . Trong hnh 2.4.1 di y: Ct nh mc th vn theo M ca B xy dng chung cho tt c cc cng trnh. Vi phn n gi: Cc bn cn hnh dung nhng n gi c bi vng trong hnh nh minh ha l n gi a phng, Ta s khng dng n m cn t tm kim, xc nh hay tnh ton cho cng trnh ni mnh ang lp d ton.
Hnh 2.4.1 Minh ha n gi chi tit trong PP n gi cng trnh

Bc 5: Tng hp vt t Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/Chn 2. Tng hp v chnh lch vt t Lu : Vic tng hp ny ch nhm mc ch Tng hp ton b cc vt t (vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng ) ca c cng trnh li, khng h c ngha tnh b tr chnh lch nh trong Phng php n gi a phng trn. Sau khi n lnh xong, ta qua bc 6 tip theo di y ch khng can thip g thm sheet ny. Phng php ti hng dn di y s khc bit hon ton vi phng php hng dn trc ti cc phin bn c bin tp ln th 4 tr v trc. Tuy nhin, v ngha ca vic Lp D ton theo n gi cng trnh l hon ton tng t, ch khc cc bc thao tc s nhanh hn. Bc 6: Tnh gi tr vt t Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/Chn 6. Tnh gi tr vt t Mc ch ca vic ny l tng hp tt c Tn vt t (vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng ) v mt bng v ta s tnh gi vt t thi im hin ti Hnh 2.6.1 di y, Chng ta hnh dung phi lm cc bc tip theo xc nh Chi ph vt liu, nhn cng v my thi cng. Gi vt t bi vng trong hnh vn l gi ca a phng, cc bn c th Xa i cng c, hiu rng bn cht ca n gi cng trnh l khng dng g n gi do a phng ban hnh.
Hnh 2.6.1 Bng tnh gi tr vt t. Gi vt t bi mu vng trong nh hin vn l gi gc. Vy n gi cng trnh l ta phi xc nh c gi vt liu, nhn cng, my thi im hin ti. Ta s ln lt tm hiu xc nh nh th no? Vi gi Vt liu: Ta s xc nh gi hin ti t cc thng tin sau: - Cng b gi ca Lin s Ti chnh -Xy dng tnh, thnh ph - Cng b gi ca cc T chc, n v c uy tn - Bo gi cc nh cung cp trn th trng
- Gi gc v cc vn chuyn hoc chi ph vn chuyn vv(Trng hp cn tnh Bng gi VL hin trng th dng Sheet VLHT) Vi gi nhn cng, my thi cng: Tm hiu cc bc sau. Bc 7: Tnh bng gi nhn cng v bng gi ca my thi cng Vic xc nh chi ph nhn cng hon ton nh trong PP n gi a phng, c th: 1, Vo Sheet TS in cc ch chnh sch v lng, ph cp, gi ca my hin ti 2, Tnh bng gi nhn cng: Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/4.Tnh gi nhn cng/1.Bng gi nhn cng
Hnh 2.7.1 Thao tc tnh bng gi nhn cng Lu : Phn mm lun mc nh Nhm nhn cng l Nhm I (ging nh cc B n gi a phng ban hnh). Vi cc cng trnh s dng Nhm Nhn cng II hay III th cn c thao tc chuyn i cho ph hp i nhm nhn cng, cc bn thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/4. Tnh gi nhn cng/2. i nhm nhn cng 3, Tnh bng gi ca my Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/5.Tnh gi ca my/1.Bng gi ca my mi
Hnh 2.7.2 - Lnh tnh bng gi ca my mi
Bc 8: Lnh kt ni gi ca my, gi nhn cng sang bng gi vt t

Sau khi tnh xong Bng gi nhn cng v Bng gi ca my thi im hin ti cho cng
trnh, ta ni ton b gi nhn cng v gi ca my ny sang bng gi vt t. Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/9. Ni vi bng gi tr vt t/ Chn tch ni gi nhn cng t bng lng nhn cng v gi ca my t bng gi ca my
Hnh 2.8.1 Kt ni gi nhn cng v Gi ca my sang bng Gi tr vt t Nh vy, sau khi hon thnh vic kt ni gi nhn cng, gi ca my mi sang Sheet Gi vt t cng vi vic nhp gi vt liu hin ti. Ta c mt bng gom gi vt t hin ti. Gi ny s dng lp nn n gi cng trnh
Hnh 2.8.2 - M t gi vt t hin ti tnh n gi cng trnh (Sheet GVT XD) Bc 9: Kt ni tnh n gi chi tit cng trnh theo thi im hin ti n gi chi tit c tnh ti bc 3 trn, tuy nhin y l n gi c tnh theo gi gc. Ta cn c bc lin kt gi vt t theo thi im hin ti sang Bng n gi chi tit hon
thnh vic lp n gi cng trnh. Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/9. Ni vi Bng gi tr vt t/ Chn tch vo Ni sang bng n gi chi tit (Tc kt ni gi hin ti trong Bng gi vt t cc bc trn sang bn n gi chi tit)
Hnh 2.9.1 Lnh kt ni t Bng gi vt t hin ti tnh sang n gi chi tit Lu : Vic kt ni nu khng thnh cng th chng ta nn th bm li lnh trn. Sau khi hon thnh vic tnh n gi chi tit, coi nh ta hon thnh cng vic c bn v D ton. By gi s c 2 hng: 1, Lp d ton theo dng bng Tng hp kinh ph Gxd (Lp d ton) 2, Lp d ton d thu (Trng hp u thu) Mi cc bn thao tc tip cc bc sau: Bc 10: Hon tt vic Tnh tng kinh ph (Gxd) hoc D thu (DTDT) 10a. Hon tt bng Tng hp kinh ph (Gxd) Bng tng hp kinh ph thng l tng hp gi tr Vt liu, Nhn cng, My c iu chnh cho thi im lp d ton, ng thi tnh thm cc chi ph i km nh Trc tip ph khc, Chi ph chung, Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc, Thu, Chi ph ln tri. theo ng quy nh ca Thng t 04/2010/TT-BXD trong Phn lp d ton theo n gi a phng, Chi ph vt liu (A), Nhn cng (B) , My thi cng (C) thng c b bng tnh chnh lch hoc iu chnh h s. Cn phn Lp theo n gi cng trnh m ta ang lm, s khng cn phi b g na. Vic u tin phi lm l chng ta nn xa b n gi trong Sheet GXD:
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Hnh 2.10.1 Xa ton b n gi trong Sheet Du toan XD i Bc tip theo: Kt ni bng gi VL, NC, My n gi chi tit sang Sheet Dutoan XD tnh cc gi tr A, B, C Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/1.Chit tnh n gi/2. Ni n gi vi Bng d ton
Hnh 2.10.2 - Kt ni n gi chi tit sang sheet Du toan XD to n gi cng trnh Ta s c kt qu nh sau:
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Hnh 2.10.3 - Sheet Dutoan GXD c tnh theo n gi cng trnh Bc cui cng ta vo Sheet Gxd (Chi ph xy dng) kim tra kt qu: Trong bng tng hp (Gxd) cc bn nn ch kim tra li cc phn sau: 1, Khng cn c Chnh lch vt t cng nh chnh lch my thi cng v ta xy dng n gi theo n gi hin ti, khng dng b tr hay h s iu chnh na 2, Cc h s Vt liu, Nhn cng, My bng 1. Phin bn mi GXD7 v nay l GXD8 Cng thc tnh ton c nhy ph hp vi phng php n gi cng trnh 3, R sot li cc nh mc t l ca Chi ph trc tip, Chi ph chung, Thu nhp chu thu tnh trc, Ln tri, Thu GTGT theo ng loi cng trnh v quy nh.
Hnh 1.10.4 Hon tt Bng tng hp chi ph xy dng (Gxd) v kim tra li kt qu
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10b. Hon tt bng Tng hp d ton d thu (Gxd)
Hnh 2.10.5 - Hon tt bng tnh D ton d thu Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/10.Tnh d ton d thu Lu : Kt qu bng D ton d thu v Gxd phi bng nhau (xp x) th php tnh ca chng ta mi hon ton chnh xc. PHN 3: TM HIU MT S TNH NNG KHC CA PHM MM D TON GXD 3.1 Tm hiu mt s Tin ch ca phn mm: Ngoi cc tnh nng chnh c nu trong cc bc trn, phn mm cn gip ta gii quyt nhanh hn cc cng vic, cc tnh hung, c th l g? Ta hy nhn vo Tin ch trong hnh nh c minh ha di y, d gii thch hnh nh c nh s th t t 1 n 13 cho 13 tin ch hin c ca phn mm:
Hnh 3.1.1 - Modul tin ch c nh s th t t 1-13 Gii thch cc tnh nng: 1, Hin/n din gii khi lng: Gip ngi lm d ton c th n (hoc hin) cc phn khi lng o bc c din gii di tng u vic, tnh nng ny cn lm cho file d ton nhn gn hn, d kim tra n gi hn
2, Bng khi lng/Bng d ton: Khi cn tnh ton khi lng theo kiu di - rng - cao, cc bn cho hin bng khi lng theo ng form quy nh bc tch trong Quyt nh 788/2010 ca B xy dng. n lc tnh xong khi lng, mun lm d ton th li n vo tnh nng ny hin li bng d ton. 3, Hin n cc dng chi ph: Trong bng n gi chi tit, nu bn mun n cc khon chi ph c gi l ui (trc tip ph khc, chi ph chung, li chu thu tnh trc, thu GTGT, ln tri) th chn tnh nng ny. Lc ny GCT ch cn l n gi chi tit khng y . 4, Bng Phn tch vt t/ Bng Phn tch n gi chi tit: Nu bn mun phn n gi chi tit ch n thun l bng Phn tch vt t (ging nh cc phin bn c), th n vo lnh ny. Nu cn a v li n gi chi tit th li n thm mt ln na 5, Tra cu li n gi: Gip tra li n gi ton b file d ton, tnh nng ny hu ch nu ai chn sai c s d liu, khi chn li CSDL th mt thao tc l ton b n gi c tra li. 6, Tnh li ton b din gii: Gip tnh li ton b din gii o bc khi lng 7, Thm h s cho cng vic: Gip chn h s cho cc cng vic c iu chnh h s, v d nh vn chuyn t cho cc km tip theo, vn dng T theo Ct nh v d nu trn,v.v...Tnh nng ny hay hn vic ngi lm t nhn th cng vo, v sau cc sheet khc nh PTVT (phn tch vt t) hay GCT (n gi chi tit) s c iu chnh theo h s . 8, i n v cho cng vic: Gip i n v cng vic trong trng hp bng tin lng cho thu theo n v khc vi n v c sn trong n gi. V d: m3 thay v 100m3, kg thay v tn, khi ta dng tin ch ny i n v cho tng cng vic 9, Tng hp vt liu vn chuyn ln cao: Gip tnh cc vt liu vn chuyn ln cao, khi lng (trong cng tc hon thin nh trt, lng, p, lt, lp .v.v theo quy nh ca nh mc) 10, Chuyn i ph lc va: Chuyn i t xi mng PC30 sang PC40 v ngc li 11, Hin danh mc thp: Gip hin danh mc thp trong bng d ton 11, Hin danh mc Thp: Hin danh mc thp trong o bc tin lng 12, Lu gi hin ti trong bng chnh lch vt t: Gip lu gi vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng trong ct hin ti ca sheet Tng hp v Chnh lch vt t (TH&CLVT XD) 13, Ly li gi lu: Ly li gi vt t lu trong Bng TH&CLVT trng hp bn c phn tch hay tng hp li vt t. 3.2. Gii thch r hn cc lnh kt ni phin bn GXD s 8, tc gi phn mm iu chnh thao tc lnh kt ni ging nh cc phin bn c nm 2011. u im ca lnh kt ni ny l ta c th thao tc nhiu lnh ni cng mt lc, tuy nhin cng chnh l nhc im, vic c nhiu lnh kt ni c th s lm cho cc bn nhm ln v dn n sai st hoc lon file d ton ang lm. Vy th kinh nghim ca ti l cc bn hy tm hiu k mc ch ca tng lnh ni trc khi dng. a, Cc lnh kt ni vi bng n gi chi tit
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Hnh 3.2.1 - Cc lnh kt ni vi bng n gi chi tit Ti tm thi t th t cc lnh l 7.1 n 7.6 theo hnh 3.2.1 trn Lnh 7.1: Ni gi vt liu hin trng t Bng gi VLHT vi n gi chi tit Tnh nng ny gip kt ni n gi vt liu c tnh n chn hin trng Sheet VLHT XD sang bng n gi chi tit. Cc bn lu : Trong trng hp ta khng tnh gi VL n hin trng m nhp thng vo Bng tng hp chnh lch vt t (TH&CLVT) hay bng Gi vt t (PP gi cng trnh) th khng dng tnh nng ny, lm vy gi vt liu trong GCT li l gi gc. Lnh 7.2: Ni gi nhn cng t Bng lng nhn cng vi n gi chi tit Tnh nng ny gip kt ni gi Nhn cng trong Sheet NC XD vi Bng n gi chi tit. Trong trng hp cc bn khng mun tnh bng gi nhn cng m s dng h s iu chnh nhn cng th khng dng n lnh ny. Ngc li dng th phn h s nhn cng trong Sheet TS phi bng 1. Lnh 7.3: Ni gi Ca my t Bng gi ca my vi n gi chi tit Tnh nng ny gip kt ni gi Ca my trong Sheet GCM vi Bng n gi chi tit. Trong trng hp cc bn iu chnh ca my bng mt h s thay v tnh gi ca my mi th khng dng lnh kt ni ny na. Lnh 7.4 Ni vt t t bng Tng hp v chnh lch vt t Tnh nng ny gip kt ni ton b gi vt liu, nhn cng v my thi cng m chng ta nhp vo hay tnh ton c trn ct Gi thi im lp d ton trong Sheet Tng hp v chnh lch vt t sang vi n gi chi tit. Nu cc bn th thy lnh ny hon ton c ngha nh lnh ni gi t Bng gi vt t sang Bng n gi chi tit PP lp n gi cng trnh hng dn (chnh l lnh 7.5 sau y) Lnh 7.5 Ni vt t t bng Gi tr vt t Tnh nng ny gip kt ni ton b gi vt liu, nhn cng v my thi cng m chng ta
nhp vo hay thng k c Bng gi vt t. Phng php ny thng c dng khi lm d ton theo PP n gi cng trnh hay lp d ton d thu. Bng gi vt t thng c yu cu k ra theo mt mu trong H s mi thu. Lnh 7.6 Ni gi va t bng Ph lc va. Ti sao c ph lc va? Cc bn hnh dung, trong n gi ngi ta nu B tng mc 300 chng hn. lm c b tng mc 300 th c th dng b tng si, 0,5x1mm, 1x2mm hay xi mng PC30, PC40, PCB V b tng xng c st khc nhau, nh 2-4cm, 6-8cm, 14-17cm V gn vi mi loi cp phi cu thnh b tng nh vy, ngi ta gi l Ph lc va. Ph lc va c k hiu bt u bng ch B cho va xy trt v C cho va b tng. Khi bn tra m hiu c cng tc xy, trt, p, lt hoc b tng, bn Sheet PLV s hin tt c cc ph lc va, PLV ny cng c th thay i. Bn c th tnh ton gi PLV ny lin kt sang D ton hay n gi chi tit, THCLVT hay Gi vt t V vy lnh ni gi va t bng Ph lc va l gip chng ta nhanh chng kt ni gi PLV tnh ton sang bng n gi chi tit khi cn. b, Cc lnh kt ni vi bng Chnh lch
Hnh 3.2.2 - Cc lnh kt ni vi bng chnh lch Lnh 8.1: Ni gi vt liu hin trng t Bng gi VLHT vi Bng chnh lch vt t Tnh nng ny gip kt ni n gi vt liu c tnh n chn hin trng Sheet VLHT XD sang bng Chnh lch vt t. Cc bn lu : Trong trng hp ta khng tnh gi VL n hin trng m nhp thng vo Bng tng hp chnh lch vt t th ng tch vo lch kt ni ny. Lnh 8.2: Ni gi nhn cng t Bng lng nhn cng vi Bng chnh lch vt t Tnh nng ny gip kt ni gi Nhn cng trong Sheet NCXD vi Bng chnh lch vt t gip tnh Chnh lch nhn cng. Trong trng hp cc bn khng mun tnh chnh lch nhn cng theo kiu b tr trc tip m s dng h s iu chnh nhn cng th khng dng n lnh ny. Ngc li dng th phn h s nhn cng trong Sheet TS phi bng 1.
Lnh 8.3: Ni gi Ca my t Bng gi ca my vi n gi chi tit Tnh nng ny gip kt ni gi Ca my trong Sheet GCM vi Bng chnh lch vt t tnh Chnh lch my thi cng. Trng hp cc bn khng dng phng php b tr trc tip iu chnh chi ph my thi cng m dng h s Kmtc th khng dng n lnh ny na. Lnh 8.4: Ni gi va t bng Ph lc va Tnh nng ny gip kt ni gi va t bng Ph lc va sang Bng chnh lch vt t, ngha PLV c gii thch phn 3.2a trn. Lnh 8.5: Ni gi sang n gi chi tit Lnh ny hon ton ging nh lnh 7.4 ni trn, mc ch l kt ni ton b gi vt liu, nhn cng v my thi cng m chng ta nhp vo hay tnh ton c trn ct Gi thi im lp d ton trong Sheet Tng hp v chnh lch vt t sang vi n gi chi tit b, Cc lnh kt ni vi bng Gi tr vt t:
Hnh 3.2.3- Cc lnh kt ni vi bng gi tr vt t Ti tm thi t th t cc lnh l 9.1 n 7.5 theo hnh 3.2.3 trn Lnh 9.1: Ni gi vt liu hin trng t Bng gi VLHT vi Bng gi tr vt t Tnh nng ny gip kt ni n gi vt liu c tnh n chn hin trng Sheet VLHT XD sang bng gi tr vt t. Cc bn lu : Trong trng hp ta khng tnh gi VL n hin trng m nhp thng vo Bng gi tr vt t th ng tch vo lch kt ni ny. Lnh 9.2: Ni gi nhn cng t Bng lng nhn cng vi Bng gi tr vt t Tnh nng ny gip kt ni gi Nhn cng trong Sheet NCXD vi Bng gi tr vt t. Tnh nng ny thng gip link tt c cc gi nhn cng k vo bng vt t u thu trong d ton d thu hay D ton theo phng php n gi cng trnh. Lnh 9.3: Ni gi Ca my t Bng gi ca my vi Bng gi tr vt t Tnh nng ny gip kt ni gi My thi cng trong Sheet GCM vi Bng gi tr vt t. Tnh nng ny thng gip link tt c cc gi my thi cng k vo bng vt t u thu trong d
ton d thu hay D ton theo phng php n gi cng trnh. Lnh 9.4: Ni gi va t bng Ph lc va vi Bng gi tr vt t Tnh nng ny gip kt ni gi va t bng Ph lc va sang Bng gi tr vt t, ngha PLV c gii thch phn 3.2a trn. Lnh 8.5: Ni gi sang n gi chi tit Lnh ny nhm kt ni ton b gi vt t ti Bng gi vt t sang n gi chi tit, t ta tnh c n gi chi tit theo thi im hin ti, nhm phc v lp d ton theo phng php n gi cng trnh hoc lp d ton d thu. 3.3 Gii thch cc tnh nng, tin ch khc:
Hnh 3.3 Cc tnh nng trong hp ty chn vo hp Ty chn, cc bn chn thao tc: D ton GXD/Cc ty chn. Cc bn c th nhn thy cc nt tch trn ang c mc nh sn, c th cc tnh nng c ngha nh sau: 1, Tra li tn cng vic khi thay i m n gi: Khi bn tra mt m no nhng khng ng, bn s phi tra li, nu tch chn tnh nng ny, tn cng vic ca n gi mi chn li s c cp nht. Nu bn b tch chn, tn n gi vn gi nguyn nh m trc, tnh nng ny hu ch trong vic lp d ton d thu khi m bn sa hon ton tn cng vic theo bng tin lng v khng mun bt c thay i no lin quan n tn cng vic na khi vn c nhng thay i m hiu. 2, Tnh li n gi khi thay i m va: Khi bn thay i m va trong Ct B ca Sheet Du toan XD, v d i m va xi mng ct en sang ct vng trong cng tc xy, nu bn mun ton b gi vt liu thay i theo m va mi, hy tch chn tnh nng ny. 3, Tng hp theo tn vt t: Tnh nng ny gip ton b vt t trong bng CLVT c tng hp li theo tn vt t, tnh nng ny rt hu ch khi ta i tn vt t khi dng nhng m vn dng 4, Bc thp theo din gii: Gip bc khi lng thp theo bng din gii khi lng 5, Phn tch n gi chi tit theo va: Gip tnh n gi chi tit theo m va, Bn b tnh nng ny i khi tnh n gi chi tit s khng ra vt liu ri (ct, , xi mng ) m ra lun va. 6, Tnh n gi chi tit theo n gi y : Gip tnh n gi chi tit theo n gi y cc khon ph (bao gm c ui: trc tip ph khc, chi ph chung, thu nhp chu thu, thu GTGT,
ln tri). B tnh nng ny i, n gi chi tit ch bao gm cc khon VL, NC, MTC 7, m bo khi hon thnh: Mi ln bn xong mt thao tc, s c ting bp bo hon thnh. Nu kh chu vi ting bp , bn hy tch b chn, n s khng ku na. 8, S dng Menu Excel 2003: Bn thy Thanh menu Excel 2003 ngay trn Excel 2007 hay Excel 2010 khi dng d ton GXD hay khng? l tnh nng 2 trong 1 m GXD tch hp vo gip nhng ngi dng vn cn hoi nim vi Excel 2003 mt thi. Nu quen vi Office mi v khng thch qu nhiu menu trn thanh Ribbon, bn hy b tch chn i. 3.4 Bng tra nh mc Qun l d n v nh mc chi ph t vn (Q 957) Bng tra cc khon chi ph nh Chi ph qun l d n v cc Chi ph t vn c nh km trong phn mm. Bng ny nm Sheet QD957, y thc ra l mt h thng cng thc ni suy theo Quyt nh 957/Q-BXD ngy 29/9/2009 v vic Cng b nh mc chi ph Qun l d n v Chi ph t vn u t xy dng cng trnh. C c bng ni suy ny, chng ta xc nh c tt c cc khon chi ph t vn c k trong quyt nh 957. Khi s dng cc bn nh da vo Quyt nh ph duyt d n u t xy dng cng trnh la chn: + Loi cng trnh: Dn dng hay Cng nghip, hay Thy li, hay Giao thng , hay HT k thut; + S bc thit k: 2 Bc hay 3 Bc + Cp cng trnh: Cp I hay III, hay III , hay IV + L D n phi lp d n hay Ch cn lp bo co kinh t k thut
Hnh 3.4 - Trch bng ni suy Chi ph QLDA v Chi ph t vn trong Sheet QD957 3.4 Bng tnh D phng ph (Sheet Gdp) Theo quy nh hin ti, Chi ph d phng (Gdp) gm c 2 khon: -D phng cho yu t khi lng pht sinh (Gdp1) -D phng do yu t trt gi (Gdp2) D phng do khi lng pht sinh c tnh nh sau: * i vi d ton: Gdp1= 5%*(Gxd + Gtb + Gqlda + Gtv + Gk)
* i vi bo co KTKT: Gdp1=5%*(Gxd + Gtb + Gdb-tcd + Gqlda + Gtv + Gk) * i vi Tng mc u t: Gdp1=10%*(Gxd + Gtb + Gdb-tcd + Gqlda + Gtv + Gk) D phng do yu t trt gi c tnh theo cng thc quy nh trong Thng t 04/2010/T-BXD. Phn mm d ton GXD h tr lp bng tnh Gdp2, tuy nhin trong phn mm ang cc cng thc cng nh mu bng tnh cho vic Lp d ton. Khi s dng cc bn cn s dng linh ng ph hp vi tng a bn, tng cch tnh hoc s nm thc hin d n V d, khi tnh D phng yu t trt gi, ta cn tnh mc trt gi bnh qun ca t nht 3 nm gn nht, tuy nhin nm 2008 li l nm trt gi t bin, nn c th tnh ton chnh xc, ta phi b qua nm ny trong h thng tnh ch s trt gi. 3.5 Bng tnh chi ph vt liu hin trng: Vic a ra mt h thng cng thc v th hin cc bng tnh cho cng vic tnh Gi vt liu n hin trng rt phc tp. Trong thng t 04/2010 ca B xy dng c quy nh: Gvl = Ggc + Gvc + Ght Tc chi ph vt liu n hin trng xy dng bao gm gi Vt liu gc (ti ni mua), Chi ph vn chuyn vt liu v Chi ph hin trng. Ring vic xc nh chi ph vn chuyn c 2 cch: -Xc nh theo Bng cc quy nh ca cc tnh, thnh ph -Xc nh theo nh mc vn chuyn Chi ph ti hin trng bao gm chi ph bc xp (Cbx), chi ph vn chuyn trong ni b cng trnh (Cvcht), chi ph hao ht bo qun (Chh) v c xc nh theo cng thc sau: Cht = Cbx + Cvcht + Chh Nh vy cc bn c th hnh dung nu tnh c Chi ph vt liu l kh phc tp. Do vy m ngi ta thng bo gi n hin trng xy dng trnh nhng phin h trong tnh ton. Tuy nhin, trong thc t nhiu khi vn cn thc hin vic tnh ton nhng khon chi ph ny, phn mm GXD c lp mt bng VLHT ngi dng c th tham kho v ty bin. Cc bn lu l phi ty bin bng tnh ny, v d nhng vn sau tc gi cha a vo phn bng tnh ny: + Chi ph huy ng phng tin + Chi ph chn lt hng ha + Chi ph phng tin ch i + Chi ph cu ng, ph .v.v. + Tng gim cc khon chi ph ty theo loi xe vn chuyn + Cc khon chi ph khc. Ring trng hp vn chuyn vi nhiu loi ng, suy ra nhiu loi cc (L1, L2, L3), cc bn c th chn thm cc dng di thay i loi ng v mc cc ph ph hp. 3.6 Bng Tng hp kinh ph (Sheet THKP): L mt ngi hay thc hin Lp cc phng n u t cng nh thc hin cng tc qun l d n, ti rt thch sheet ny trong phn mm. Cc bn th tng tng: Trong qu trnh lp
d n u t hoc ang thc hin vic qun l chi ph, bn khng bit c mt khon chi ph no nm trong khon no ca Tng mc u t v cch tnh nh th no, mi cc bn m Sheet ny ra, chc chn n 99% bn c cu tr li chun xc. V d: Sp hi bn rng hy tm hiu xem hin nay Chi ph Gim st, nh gi D n u t c tnh bng bao nhiu? Nm trong khon mc chi ph no trong Tng mc u t? Bn c tr li c khng? Tht n gin: M Bng THKP ra, n nm trong mc s 33 ca Bng Chi ph t vn v xc nh bng 20% Chi ph QLDA y bn. Nu khng tin tng ta th m thm thng t 22/2010/TTBKHT ra xem nh. i vi ngi lm cng tc t vn, bng thng k ny v cng quan trng. Hy vng cc bn ang s hu phn mm GXD s khng b qua nhng ti sn qu gi nh vy! 3.7 Bng Mc lc: Sheet ML ch nhm mc ch gip ngi dng tm c nhanh hn sheet m mnh cn dng m thi. C nhiu ngi thc mc sao PM GXD li c nhiu sheet nh vy? Vi ngi mi s dng th c th cm thy hi rc ri. Nhng vi cc chuyn gia hoc cc bn hiu su v d ton, vic c nhiu sheet nh th l ng vi quy nh v lp v qun l chi ph hin nay ca Nh nc. Mt s hon chnh cn thit cho ai mun hiu tt c cc vn v d ton. c bit nhng ngi lp d ton cc cng trnh ln, th s thy cc sheet c thit k theo c ch 1 chm, ch cn kch vo tn sheet l thy d liu, thay v phi cun mn hnh qu nhiu. PHN 4: HNG DN MT S TNH NNG HAY DNG TRONG D TON GXD 4.1 Thm h s cho cng vic: Nhiu n gi trong d ton c iu chnh bng cc h s, V d nhn h s c ly vn chuyn, h s iu chnh theo iu kin thi cng, bin php thi cng vvV Phn mm GXD h tr vic ny rt tt.
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Hnh 4.1.1 Tnh nng thm h s trong cng vic V d sau y m t vic vn chuyn t i 15km. Theo hng dn ca M 1776 ta s tch c ly 15km thnh 3 m hiu: <1km, vn chuyn tip <=7km v vn chuyn tip >7m. (15 = m1+6*m4+8*m5) V trong phn mm cc bn x l 2 m hiu sau bng cch thm cc h s cng vic Thao tc: t chut vo mt bt k trong Dng c m hiu n gi / Vo Tin ch/ Thm h s cho cng vic/ t h s mun iu chnh vo H s/ n ng
Hnh 4.1.2 Hp h s n gi, vt t Cc bn lu trong Hp h s n gi, vt t c 2 loi h s: 1, H s nh mc: Phn ny s dng khi iu chnh v nh mc (tng, gim) bng mt h s no . Tnh nng ny ph hp vi nh thu no mun xy dng nh mc ring, nhm hch ton chi ph thi cng ca mt gi thu 2, H s n gi: Nhm iu chnh n gi, tnh nng ny hay s dng hn. v d trn, M hiu AB.42322 c c ly vn chuyn 6km nn nhn 6 (thm h s 6) v M hiu AB.42422 c c ly vn chuyn l 8km nn nhn 8 (thm h s 8). Vic nhn h s ny rt tin li, cc bc sau bn khng h phi thm bt c h s bc no na v n t ng nhy theo (Hnh 4.1.3)
Hnh 4.1.3 H s iu chnh c th hin trong Bng Phn tch vt t (n gi chi tit) 4.2 i cng thc tnh Chi ph chung: Khi bn lp d ton vi cng trnh thy in, thy li, h tng k thut hay cng trnh
duy tu ng giao thng. Chi ph chung c tnh theo % ca Chi ph nhn cng ch khng phi chi ph trc tip. Vy ta thao tc i cng thc tnh trong GXD nh sau: Thao tc: Vo D ton GXD/i tn cng trnh hng mc cng trnh/ Chn cch tnh Chi ph chung theo chi ph nhn cng v in % cho ph hp:
Hnh 4.2.1 Cch i cng thc tnh Chi ph chung theo Chi ph nhn cng Trng hp cc bn khng mun i c h thng cng thc, m ty theo tng n gi chi tit d thu, c n gi no cn tnh Chi ph chung theo chi ph nhn cng th lm nh sau: Vo tm cng vic n gi chi tit cn i, n chut phi v chn Chi ph chung theo chi ph nhn cng (hnh 4.2.2 di)
Hnh 4.2.2 Cch i cng thc tnh chi ph chung theo nhn cng trong GCT 4.3 i mc va b tng hoc tnh ton va b tng thng phm: Khi bn cn i va b tng (T xi mng PC30 sang PC40), hay i cp phi va xy (ct mn sang ct vng.). Ta thao tc nh sau: 1, Trong Sheet Dutoan XD cc bn cho hin ct B v C (n gia ct A v D)
Hnh 4.3.1 Thao tc Unhide cho hin Ct B v C 2, Trong Ct B (m va), cc bn tm m va ph hp:
Hnh 4.3.2 Cch tm m va ph hp Trong ct B, cc bn c th g tm nh cch g tm m hiu nu trn. V d mun tm mt m va c s dng xi mng PC40 ta g tm PC40, hoc thay v dng ct mn cho cng tc xy, ta dng ct vng th g ct vng. Sau khi chn c m va ph hp, phn mm s phn tch vt t cho chng ta theo ng tn m va tra. Khi tnh ton s dng va b tng thng phm, cc bn c th tm g m va c ch thng phm hoc tp. Tuy nhin cch sau s gip chng ta lm nhanh hn: Thao tc: Chn tch vo cng vic c cng vic b tng thng phm, Cick chut phi chn dng S dng b tng thng phm.
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Hnh 4.3.3 Cch lp d ton cho trng hp dng va b tng thng phm 4.4 i nhm nhn cng: Khi bn lp d ton vi cng trnh s dng nhn cng nhm II v nhm III, chng ta cn c thao tc i nhm nhn cng c kt qu tnh ph hp, Bn lm nh sau: Thao tc: Vo Chi ph xy dng/8.i nhm nhn cng
Hnh 4.4.1 i nhm nhn cng xy dng Chc cc bn vi nim am m vi lnh vc Kinh t xy dng ni chung v D ton ni ring s sm thnh thc vi chuyn mn nghip v, thnh cng trong cng vic v t thnh t, giu c, vui ti hn trong cuc sng! Xin trn trng cm n!
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Cac Buoc TH Dutoan Voi Phanmem GXD 8

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Cac Buoc TH Dutoan Voi Phanmem GXD 8

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Hng dn thc hnh lp d ton trn phn mm D ton GXD Bin tp ln 6 thng 3.

CC BC C BN THC HNH TRN PHN MM D TON GI XY DNG

Hnh 1.6.1 - Tnh nng lu gi vt t v ly li gi lu trong bng CLVT

Hnh 1.8.1Thao tc tnh gi ca my iu chnh theo TT06/2010/TT-BXD

Hnh 1.8.3 Thao tc tnh Gi ca my iu chnh theo cch b n gin

Hnh 1.9.1 - Lnh kt ni gi hin ti trong bng CLVT XD sang GCT XD

Hnh 1.9.2 - Thao tc tnh d ton d thu

Hnh 2.1 - M t phn h s, nh mc t l ca d ton

Hnh 2.3.1 - ngha ca vic tra m hiu n gi cng trnh

Hnh 2.4.1 Minh ha n gi chi tit trong PP n gi cng trnh

Hnh 2.7.2 - Lnh tnh bng gi ca my mi

Bc 8: Lnh kt ni gi ca my, gi nhn cng sang bng gi vt t

10b. Hon tt bng Tng hp d ton d thu (Gxd)

Hnh 4.3.1 Thao tc Unhide cho hin Ct B v C 2, Trong Ct B (m va), cc bn tm m va ph hp:

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