On our television set we can view different channels and on radio we can listen to different stations.

There are many transmitting stations having more than one channel. How can we differentiate these channels while transmitting and receiving a channel of our interest? If due care is not taken, we will have a chaotic situation and no meaningful signal will be obtained. We know that all the audio and video signals have the same frequency range i.e. 20 Hz to 20 kHz for audio and 0 Hz to 4 MHz for video. In order to differentiate the various channels of TV or radio, different carrier frequencies are allotted to the channels. Every channel has its characteristic carrier frequency. To avoid confusion of allotting the frequencies, standards are defined at the international level. The broadcasters have to operate their transmitters within the allotted band of frequencies. For this, they have to modulate the signals to the allotted carrier frequencies.