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Group 2 Elements

The document discusses the properties and reactions of Group 2 elements. Key points include: - Group 2 elements include Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra and have a +2 oxidation state. They are good reducing agents and less reactive than alkali metals. - Important compounds include oxides, hydroxides, and halides. Reactions include forming ionic compounds with nonmetals and reacting with water, hydrogen, oxygen, and halogens. - Applications include use as reducing agents in metallurgy, as alloys to make lightweight materials, and calcium compounds for fireworks, building materials, and antacids. Beryllium and radium have

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Kaaya Godfrey
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150 views6 pages

Group 2 Elements

The document discusses the properties and reactions of Group 2 elements. Key points include: - Group 2 elements include Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra and have a +2 oxidation state. They are good reducing agents and less reactive than alkali metals. - Important compounds include oxides, hydroxides, and halides. Reactions include forming ionic compounds with nonmetals and reacting with water, hydrogen, oxygen, and halogens. - Applications include use as reducing agents in metallurgy, as alloys to make lightweight materials, and calcium compounds for fireworks, building materials, and antacids. Beryllium and radium have

Uploaded by

Kaaya Godfrey
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Properties of Group 2 Elements

Alkaline Earth Metals - GROUP 2 (ns2) General comments: good reducing agents; less reactive than alkali metals; higher melting points reactivity: Ba > Sr > Ca > Mg > Be ionic compounds (except for beryllium) +2 oxidation state Occurance: Be - beryl (Be3AlSi6O18) Mg - dolamite (CaMg(CO3)3) Ca - limestone (CaCO3) Ba - buryta (BaO) Ra - from uranium decay (in pitchlende) Preparation: BeCl2 + 2K 6 Be + 2KCl CaMg(CO3)2 + FeSi 6 Fe + Ca2SiO4 + Mg MgCl2 + 2K 6 Mg + 2KCl

electrolysis CaCl2 x x x x x x x x v Ca % Cl2


3MO + 2Al 6 Al2O3 + 3M (M = Sr, Ba) Reactions: with H2O reactivity M + 2H2O 6 M(OH)2 + H28 Ba > Sr > Ca > Mg Be

reacts violently with cold water

reacts with cold water

reacts with steam

does not react with steam

Reaction with H2 M + H2 6 MH2 (all alkaline earth metals except for Be) BeCl2 + 2 LiH 6 BeH2 + 2LiCl

Reactions with O2 2M + O2 6 MO (M = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr)

refractory materials (hard to melt) M + O2 6 MO2 (M = Sr, Ba) peroxides MO (except for Be are basic anhydrides) MO + H2O 6 M(OH)2 antacid (milk of magnesia) M = Mg, Ca good bases but not particularly soluble = Ba - very good soluble base

Reactions with halogens

M % X2 x vMX2 w x x x x M(OH)2 % 2HX & H2O

BeX2 + 2XG 6 BeX24

Reactions with nitrogen: 3 M + N2 6 M3N2 (except for Be) 2 M3N2 + 6H2O 6 6M(OH)2 + 2NH3

Applications Radiochemical Be - source of neutrons; moderator rods in nuclear reactors

9 4

1 Be + 4 2He 6 0N +

12 6

radium is a common " - source

Sr &

$& 90 Sr x v0& 1e & 38

90 39Y

product of nuclear fallout - long half-life

Metallurigal

* Mg and Ca

used as reducing agents

2Mg(R) + TiCl4(g) 6 Ti(s) + 2MgCl2(R)

5 Ca(R) + V2O5(s) 6 2V(R) + 5CaO(s) Also, Al, U, Zr, Be, Hf and others

* Mg used also as light weight alloy aircraft, naval vessels, volkswagons, ICBM's * Be used to strengthen Cu in alloys Fireworks colorizers Ca (brick red) Ba (green) Sr (scarlet) Mg (white) Ca (blue-green) Na (yellow)

Commercial Uses of Calcium Carbonate

Commercial Uses of Lime and Slaked Lime

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