*SM-Relief sought (ex.

Title to or possession of a real property where the assessed value of the property is 20k outside MM and 50k in MM, then the jurisdiction over the subject matter falls under the RTC) *Venue versus Jurisdiction Jurisdiction is the authority to hear and determine a case; venue is the place where the case is to be heard or tried; Jurisdiction is a matter of substantive law; venue of procedural law; Jurisdiction establishes a relation between the court and the subject matter; venue, a relation between plaintiff and defendant, or petitioner and respondent; Jurisdiction is fixed by law and cannot be conferred by the parties; venue may be conferred by the act or agreement of the parties; and Lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter is a ground for a motu propio dismissal; venue is not a ground for a motu propio dismissal except in cases subject to summary procedure.

(Example- if you are the ombudsman, you do not issue subpoenas or inquire into bank accounts on the presumption that that is part of your job of investigating, there has to be a mandate telling you to do so (RA 6770 Section 15. Powers, Functions and Duties, par. 8) in the absence of a valid grant, you are devoid of such power.

*Villegas vs Subido
F: Then Mayor Villegas approved the appointing of 91 women street sweepers in the City of Manila. But the appointing would still have to be approved by the Office of Civil Service Commission under Subido. Subido on the other hand refused to extend approval to such appointments on the ground that appointing women to manual labor is against Memorandum Circular No. 18 s 1964. Villegas however pointed out that the said Memo has already been set aside by the Office of the President hence the same is no longer in effect. H: The reliance of then respondent Commissioner was not on any law or rule but simply on his own concept of what policy to pursue, in this instance in accordance with his own personal predilection. Here he appeared to be unalterably convinced that to allow women laborers to work outside their offices as street sweepers would run counter to Filipino tradition. A public official must be able to point to a particular provision of law or rule justifying the exercise of a challenged authority.