.

/
.
/

.

CPU-
.


-.
CPU .


CPU-a?

(jobs).


(user programs).

CPU-a

.
.

CPU-a (cpu burst) /
(I/O burst).

. 1. CPU .

. 2. .

. 3. .




(PCB Process Control Block).


PCB :

.
.
CPU-.
.
/.
CPU-.

4. .




.

.
/
/ .

CPU

. 5. CPU- .



(schedulers). :

,
.

CPU

() /

. 6. .


( )

.
( CPU-)

.

.



.


.

(swapping).

SWAP IN

SWAP OUT

CPU

() /

. 7. .



.

CPU-
.

,

.

CPU-.
.
.
.
.


FCFS (First-Come-First-Served)

1
2
3

24
3
3
1

24
2 3

2 3

27

30

1
30


SJF (Shortest-Job-First)

1
2
3

6
3
8

2
0

4
9

3
16

24

. 8. SJF .

,
,

CPU .


tn n- CPU
n+1 ,

n+1 = tn + (1 - )n , 0 1.

n
n+1 = tn + (1 - )tn-1 + + (1 - ) j tn-j +

.

.

SRTF (Shortest-Remaining-Time-First).
(Round-Robin).
.

.

= 8

= 16

FCFS

. 9. .

.

.

(
)
.

.




.

MVS,
Windows NT, OS/2, Sun Unix-,
Mach.




.


.