CHEM1001 Lecture 24 Worksheet

A gas? The gas expands by a lot. An ideal gas expands at constant pressure by an amount Vf/Vi = Tf/Ti. A liquid? Also expand, although not by very much compared to a gas. A solid? Usually expands, but my not change volume or may contract (some ceramics) 1. Energy all as heat, q = Voltage current time = VIt = 12 V 5.0 A 60 s = 3600 J. T = 1.6 K q = CT, or C = q/T = 3600/1.6 = 2250 J K-1 2. Exothermic energy released raised the surroundings temperature Heat released into surroundings, means the energy of the system decreased. Heat of reaction is negative. q = CT = 2250 J K-1 26.2 K = 58,950 J or 59.0 kJ. Heat of reaction = -59.0 kJ 1.20 g -58.95kJ (keep extra decimals until the end, then round off) 1 mole = 57 g -58.95 57/1.20 = -2800.125 or -2800 kJ mol-1. 3. (a) Positive = heat goes in so endothermic. Molar mass of water is 18.0, so 60.0 g/18.0 g mol-1 = 3.33 moles. 3.33 moles 6.02 kJ/mol = 20.1 kJ (b) 20.1 kJ into the surroundings. The (molar) heat of solidification is -6.02 kJ/mol.