DATA COLLECTION BY OBSERVATION Data collection by observation records behavior or events as they occur.

Through observational methods, the principal ways of getting information are by either experiencing something directly, or by having someone reveal what happened. Definition of Observation Observation gives insights into a phenomenon. One of the major reasons for using observational methods is that it can tell a great deal about behavioral patterns. TWO TYPES OF OBSERVATION RELATIVELY UNSTRUCTURED METHODS: The most unstructured and non selective method of observation would be a complete account of an event. In this method, the researcher does not impose his or her structure on the situation but instead attempts to provide an analysis of the true complexities found in the situation. In addition, the researcher is free to alter the definition of the problem as more knowledge is gained about the situation.

STRUCTURED METHODS: In this kind of observation, the researcher knows what aspects of the group activity are relevant for his purposes. He is therefore, in a position to develop a specific plan for making and recording observations before he begins collecting data.

GUIDE QUESTIONS FOR DATA COLLECTION BY OBSERVATION

1. 2. 3. 4.

WHAT SHOULD BE OBSERVED? HOW SHOULD OBSERVATION BE RECORDED? WHAT PROCEDURES SHOULD BE USED TO ASSURE THE ACCURACY OF OBSERVATION? WHAT RELATIONSHIP SHOULD EXIST BETWEEN THE OBSERVER AND THE OBSERVED AND HOW CAN SUCH A RELATIONSHIP BE ESTABLISHED?